pterygoidadj.n.

Brit.

/ˈtɛrᵻɡɔɪd/, U.S.

/ˈtɛrəˌɡɔɪd/

Forms: 1600s–1700s pterigoid, 1600s– pterygoid, 1700s pterygoide.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin pterygoides.

Etymology: < post-classical Latin pterygoides designating (or, as noun, denoting) a process, muscle, or bone (1666 or earlier as adjective; 1777 or earlier as noun) < Hellenistic Greek πτερυγοειδής like a wing < ancient Greek πτερυγ- , πτέρυξ wing (see pterygo- comb. form) + -οειδής -oid suffix. Compare earlier pterygoidal adj. Compare French ptérygoïde , adjective (1561 in Middle French in sense A. 1a; the use as noun is apparently not attested before the 20th cent.), post-classical Latin pterygoideus , adjective (see pterygoidean adj.).With pterygoid process at sense A. 1a compare Hellenistic Greek πτερυγοειδὴς ἀπόϕυσις (Galen). In pterygoid fossa n. after French fosse pterigoïdienne (1732 in the passage translated in quot. 1733 for pterygoid fossa n.; now fosse ptérygoïdienne (rare); the usual French term is fosse ptérygoïde (1805 or earlier)). The following probably show unassimilated borrowing of post-classical Latin pterygoides, but it is conceivable that they might show an early modern English plural in -es:1578 J. Banister Hist. Man sig. Ei ^v The processes of the Cuneall bone called Pterigoides.1684 tr. S. Blankaart Physical Dict. 240 Pterygoides are the Processes and Muscles of the Wedg-like Bone [L. Pterygoides, dicuntur processus & musculi ossis cuneiformis].

A. adj.

1. Anatomy and Zoology.

a. In humans: designating a long process which descends from the inferior surface of the sphenoid bone at the junction of its body and greater wing on each side, and which consists of two thin laminae or plates joined anteriorly. Also: designating a process or separate bone corresponding to this in other vertebrates. Chiefly in pterygoid process, pterygoid bone (see also pterygoid bone n. at Compounds).

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > structural parts > bone or bones > skull > parts of skull > [noun] > sphenoid bone > parts of or associated with

pterygium1684

sella1684

pterygoid process1697

pterygoid bone1719

pterygoid fossa1733

pterygoidean1753

pterygoid plate1758

pterygoid1822

ingrassial bones1839

alisphenoid1846

presphenoid1851

clinoid1854

postsphenoid1862

postsphenoid bone1862

mesopterygoid fossa1881

Vesalian foramen1891

1697 R. Baker Cursus Osteologicus 55 They are join'd to the Ossa Maxillares forwardly, and backwardly, sideways to the Pterygoid Apophisis, by the Sphenoidal Suture.

1698 W. Cowper Anat. Humane Bodies App. (Table 4, fig. 8) When these Act, they Draw the Fore-part of the Gargareus towards the Pterigoid Process's, whereby it's pull'd somewhat Upwards, as well as Forewards.

1722 J. Quincy Lexicon Physico-medicum (ed. 2) 12 Aliformes Musculi, are Muscles arising from the Pterygoide Bone, and ending in the Neck of the lower Jaw.

1793 J. Bell Anat. Bones, Muscles, & Joints 77 It is much of the shape of a batt,..its pterigoid processes like feet.

1808 J. Barclay Muscular Motions 504 The pterygoid processes of the sphenoides.

1837 Penny Cycl. VIII. 162/1 The auditory bone..and the pterygoid apophyses are fixed to the skull as in the tortoises.

1968 Anat. Rec. 160 527 (title) The variations in length of the pterygoid process as a function of the variations of the sphenoid angle.

2006 Ann. Anat. 188 37/2 The pterygopalatine artery..arises from the internal carotid artery and emerges via the petrotympanic fissure with the chorda tympani just medial to the external pterygoid process.

b. Of, relating to, associated with, or attached to a pterygoid process or bone.Recorded earliest in pterygoid muscle n. at Compounds.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > structural parts > bone or bones > skull > parts of skull > [adjective] > sphenoid bone > parts of or associated with

pterygoidal1694

pterygoid1732

pterygoidean1753

alisphenoid1847

alisphenoidal1847

postsphenoidal1853

presphenoidal1854

metafacial1878

1732 A. Monro Anat. Humane Bones (ed. 2) 123 From each Side of the external Alæ the pterygoid Muscles take their Rise.

1791 W. Vaughan Expos. Princ. Anat. & Physiol. II. 13 Another branch passes through the middle pterygoid foramen.

1840 E. Wilson Anatomist's Vade Mecum (1842) 279 The Vidian branch passes backwards along the pterygoid canal.

1871 Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc. 1869–70 11 583 A single pterygoid tooth was found in the matrix.

1962 Gray's Anat. (ed. 33) 340 The medial pterygoid plate is narrower and longer than the lateral; its lower extremity curves laterally into a hook-like process, termed the pterygoid hamulus.

1986 A. S. Romer & T. S. Parsons Vertebr. Body (ed. 6) ix. 312 They [sc. the pterigoideus muscles] typically originate from the pterygoid region of the palate..and insert on the inner or back surface of the jaw.

†2. Medicine. Designating a long, narrow thorax with unduly prominent shoulder blades (a shape thought to be characteristic of pulmonary phthisis). Obsolete.

ΚΠ

1870 S. J. Gee Auscult. & Percuss. i. ii. 27 It is instructive to compare the raising of the shoulders and the non-prominence of the shoulder-blades with the opposite conditions in the opposite form of chest, the pterygoid.

1898 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. V. 202 The first [abnormal form of chest] named alar or pterygoid by Galen and Arctæus and in our own day by Dr. Gee.

B. n. Anatomy and Zoology.

1. A pterygoid bone, process, or plate.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > structural parts > bone or bones > skull > parts of skull > [noun] > sphenoid bone > parts of or associated with

pterygium1684

sella1684

pterygoid process1697

pterygoid bone1719

pterygoid fossa1733

pterygoidean1753

pterygoid plate1758

pterygoid1822

ingrassial bones1839

alisphenoid1846

presphenoid1851

clinoid1854

postsphenoid1862

postsphenoid bone1862

mesopterygoid fossa1881

Vesalian foramen1891

1822 W. D. Conybeare in Trans. Geol. Soc. 1 118 The palatal bones (ee) and internal pterygoids (ff) are likewise close to each other.

1854 R. Owen Struct. Skeleton & Teeth in Orr's Circle Sci.: Org. Nature I. 179 The palatine and pterygoids forming the roof of the mouth.

1930 H. G. Newth Marshall & Hurst's Junior Course Pract. Zool. (ed. 11) xiii. 316 The pterygoids are a pair of narrow vertical plates of bone, attached to the base of the skull at the junction of the basi-sphenoid with the ali-sphenoids.

1990 M. J. Benton Vertebr. Palaeontol. iv. 74 The main ventral element of the braincase, the parasphenoid, lies behind and between the pterygoids.

2. A pterygoid muscle.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > structural parts > muscle > muscles of specific parts > [noun] > muscles of jaws

masseter1578

grinder1615

grinder-tongue muscles1615

temporalis muscle1676

digastric1696

pterygoid muscle1732

pterygoid1828

jaw-tackle1831

masseteric1836

1828 R. Knox tr. H. Cloquet Syst. Human Anat. 236 In the substance of the muscle, as in the masseter and pterygoid [Fr. comme au masseter, aux ptérygoïdiens].

1975 Nature 6 Nov. 70/1 Low level activity in the jaw elevators, particularly the masseter and internal pterygoid was recorded during slow opening.

1990 Brain 113 1299 Extraocular movements were normal. The pterygoids, masseters and temporalis muscles were weak and atrophic.

Compounds

Anatomy and Zoology.

pterygoid bone n. a pterygoid process or bone (see sense A. 1a); (in early use also) †the sphenoid bone (obsolete).

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > structural parts > bone or bones > skull > parts of skull > [noun] > sphenoid bone > parts of or associated with

pterygium1684

sella1684

pterygoid process1697

pterygoid bone1719

pterygoid fossa1733

pterygoidean1753

pterygoid plate1758

pterygoid1822

ingrassial bones1839

alisphenoid1846

presphenoid1851

clinoid1854

postsphenoid1862

postsphenoid bone1862

mesopterygoid fossa1881

Vesalian foramen1891

1719 J. Quincy Lexicon Physico-medicum 11/2 Aliformes Musculi, are Muscles arising from the Pterygoide Bone, and ending in the Neck of the lower Jaw.

1797 J. Bell Anat. Human Body I. 77 It [sc. the sphenoidal bone] is much of the shape of a bat, whence it is often named the pterygoid bone.

1889 Philos. Trans. 1888 (Royal Soc.) B. 179 471 One end of this meniscus goes over into connective tissue, which is lost on the periost between the inner corner of the quadrate and pterygoid bones.

1973 A. d'A. Bellairs & J. F. D. Frazer Smith's Brit. Amphibians & Reptiles (ed. 5) v. 162 Most of the members of the genus Lacerta..have a small cluster of teeth attached to each pterygoid bone, in addition to those of the upper and lower jaws.

pterygoid fossa n. the space between the lateral and medial pterygoid plates.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > structural parts > bone or bones > skull > parts of skull > [noun] > sphenoid bone > parts of or associated with

pterygium1684

sella1684

pterygoid process1697

pterygoid bone1719

pterygoid fossa1733

pterygoidean1753

pterygoid plate1758

pterygoid1822

ingrassial bones1839

alisphenoid1846

presphenoid1851

clinoid1854

postsphenoid1862

postsphenoid bone1862

mesopterygoid fossa1881

Vesalian foramen1891

1733 G. Douglas tr. J. B. Winslow Anat. Expos. Struct. Human Body I. 27 Two Pterygoide Fossæ [Fr. fosses pterigoïdiennes], the lower ends of which are divided by an irregular Notch or Slit.

1868 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 158 208 Two osseous plates..separated by a deep ovoid cavity, the pterygoid fossa.

1986 Cancer 58 163 Tumors of the pterygoid fossa are often regarded as unresectable because of their anatomic inaccessibility.

pterygoid muscle n. either of two muscles arising respectively from the lateral and medial surfaces of the lateral pterygoid process which serve to move the mandible forwards and to the side.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > structural parts > muscle > muscles of specific parts > [noun] > muscles of jaws

masseter1578

grinder1615

grinder-tongue muscles1615

temporalis muscle1676

digastric1696

pterygoid muscle1732

pterygoid1828

jaw-tackle1831

masseteric1836

1732Pterygoid muscle [see sense A. 1b].

1875 Encycl. Brit. I. 836/2 The lower jaw can be projected in front of the upper by the external pterygoid muscles.

1980 Gray's Anat. (ed. 36) v. 536/2 When the two pterygoid muscles of one side are in action, the corresponding side of the mandible is swung forwards and to the opposite side.

pterygoid plate n. either of the two thin laminae of bone (medial and lateral) which are joined anteriorly to form the pterygoid process.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > structural parts > bone or bones > skull > parts of skull > [noun] > sphenoid bone > parts of or associated with

pterygium1684

sella1684

pterygoid process1697

pterygoid bone1719

pterygoid fossa1733

pterygoidean1753

pterygoid plate1758

pterygoid1822

ingrassial bones1839

alisphenoid1846

presphenoid1851

clinoid1854

postsphenoid1862

postsphenoid bone1862

mesopterygoid fossa1881

Vesalian foramen1891

1758 A. Monro Anat. Human Bones & Nerves (ed. 6) 117 To the maxillary Bones, by the Fore-part of the external pterygoid Plates.

1881 St. G. Mivart Cat iii. 70 Two complex bony plates:..each of these is called a pterygoid plate.

1986 Brit. Jrnl. Oral & Maxillofacial Surg. 24 198 There was no apparent correlation between the presence, type or extent of pterygoid plate fracture and whether or not that side of the osteotomy was completed first.

Categories »

pterygoid process n. see sense A. 1a.

pterygoid ridge n. (a) a ridge on a pterygoid bone, or formed by such a bone (in the skull of a fish, amphibian, or reptile); (b) the infratemporal crest of the lateral surface of the greater wing of the sphenoid bone, which gives origin to part of the lateral pterygoid muscle (in humans and various other mammals).

ΚΠ

1888 Philos. Trans. 1887 (Royal Soc.) B. 178 109 (caption) Pterygoid ridges.

1895 Jrnl. Anthropol. Inst. 24 108 The various processes which afford muscular attachment are large, e.g., jugular processes, spinous processes of sphenoid, styloid processes and pterygoid ridges of sphenoid.

1993 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) B. 340 22/2 All known members of the dentine-plate lineage have pterygoid ridges of this kind.

pterygoid tubercle n. (a) a protuberance on the inner surface of the mandible, near the angle, to which the medial pterygoid muscle is attached; (b) a protuberance on the upper end of the posterior margin of the medial pterygoid plate.

ΚΠ

1890 J. S. Billings National Med. Dict. II. 406/2 Pterygoid tubercle, a rough surface on inner surface of lower jaw, just at the angle, for the attachment of the internal pterygoid muscle.

1913 Cunningham's Text-bk. Anat. (ed. 4) 138 The angle formed by the vaginal process and the medial edge of the scaphoid fossa forms a projection clled the pterygoid tubercle.

1994 Jrnl. Human Evol. 26 313 The presence of a medial pterygoid tubercle on the internal aspect of the mandibular ramus.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	pterygoid
释义	pterygoidadj.n. Brit. /ˈtɛrᵻɡɔɪd/, U.S. /ˈtɛrəˌɡɔɪd/ Forms: 1600s–1700s pterigoid, 1600s– pterygoid, 1700s pterygoide. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin pterygoides. Etymology: < post-classical Latin pterygoides designating (or, as noun, denoting) a process, muscle, or bone (1666 or earlier as adjective; 1777 or earlier as noun) < Hellenistic Greek πτερυγοειδής like a wing < ancient Greek πτερυγ- , πτέρυξ wing (see pterygo- comb. form) + -οειδής -oid suffix. Compare earlier pterygoidal adj. Compare French ptérygoïde , adjective (1561 in Middle French in sense A. 1a; the use as noun is apparently not attested before the 20th cent.), post-classical Latin pterygoideus , adjective (see pterygoidean adj.).With pterygoid process at sense A. 1a compare Hellenistic Greek πτερυγοειδὴς ἀπόϕυσις (Galen). In pterygoid fossa n. after French fosse pterigoïdienne (1732 in the passage translated in quot. 1733 for pterygoid fossa n.; now fosse ptérygoïdienne (rare); the usual French term is fosse ptérygoïde (1805 or earlier)). The following probably show unassimilated borrowing of post-classical Latin pterygoides, but it is conceivable that they might show an early modern English plural in -es:1578 J. Banister Hist. Man sig. Ei ^v The processes of the Cuneall bone called Pterigoides.1684 tr. S. Blankaart Physical Dict. 240 Pterygoides are the Processes and Muscles of the Wedg-like Bone [L. Pterygoides, dicuntur processus & musculi ossis cuneiformis]. A. adj. 1. Anatomy and Zoology. a. In humans: designating a long process which descends from the inferior surface of the sphenoid bone at the junction of its body and greater wing on each side, and which consists of two thin laminae or plates joined anteriorly. Also: designating a process or separate bone corresponding to this in other vertebrates. Chiefly in pterygoid process, pterygoid bone (see also pterygoid bone n. at Compounds). ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > structural parts > bone or bones > skull > parts of skull > [noun] > sphenoid bone > parts of or associated with pterygium1684 sella1684 pterygoid process1697 pterygoid bone1719 pterygoid fossa1733 pterygoidean1753 pterygoid plate1758 pterygoid1822 ingrassial bones1839 alisphenoid1846 presphenoid1851 clinoid1854 postsphenoid1862 postsphenoid bone1862 mesopterygoid fossa1881 Vesalian foramen1891 1697 R. Baker Cursus Osteologicus 55 They are join'd to the Ossa Maxillares forwardly, and backwardly, sideways to the Pterygoid Apophisis, by the Sphenoidal Suture. 1698 W. Cowper Anat. Humane Bodies App. (Table 4, fig. 8) When these Act, they Draw the Fore-part of the Gargareus towards the Pterigoid Process's, whereby it's pull'd somewhat Upwards, as well as Forewards. 1722 J. Quincy Lexicon Physico-medicum (ed. 2) 12 Aliformes Musculi, are Muscles arising from the Pterygoide Bone, and ending in the Neck of the lower Jaw. 1793 J. Bell Anat. Bones, Muscles, & Joints 77 It is much of the shape of a batt,..its pterigoid processes like feet. 1808 J. Barclay Muscular Motions 504 The pterygoid processes of the sphenoides. 1837 Penny Cycl. VIII. 162/1 The auditory bone..and the pterygoid apophyses are fixed to the skull as in the tortoises. 1968 Anat. Rec. 160 527 (title) The variations in length of the pterygoid process as a function of the variations of the sphenoid angle. 2006 Ann. Anat. 188 37/2 The pterygopalatine artery..arises from the internal carotid artery and emerges via the petrotympanic fissure with the chorda tympani just medial to the external pterygoid process. b. Of, relating to, associated with, or attached to a pterygoid process or bone.Recorded earliest in pterygoid muscle n. at Compounds. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > structural parts > bone or bones > skull > parts of skull > [adjective] > sphenoid bone > parts of or associated with pterygoidal1694 pterygoid1732 pterygoidean1753 alisphenoid1847 alisphenoidal1847 postsphenoidal1853 presphenoidal1854 metafacial1878 1732 A. Monro Anat. Humane Bones (ed. 2) 123 From each Side of the external Alæ the pterygoid Muscles take their Rise. 1791 W. Vaughan Expos. Princ. Anat. & Physiol. II. 13 Another branch passes through the middle pterygoid foramen. 1840 E. Wilson Anatomist's Vade Mecum (1842) 279 The Vidian branch passes backwards along the pterygoid canal. 1871 Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc. 1869–70 11 583 A single pterygoid tooth was found in the matrix. 1962 Gray's Anat. (ed. 33) 340 The medial pterygoid plate is narrower and longer than the lateral; its lower extremity curves laterally into a hook-like process, termed the pterygoid hamulus. 1986 A. S. Romer & T. S. Parsons Vertebr. Body (ed. 6) ix. 312 They [sc. the pterigoideus muscles] typically originate from the pterygoid region of the palate..and insert on the inner or back surface of the jaw. †2. Medicine. Designating a long, narrow thorax with unduly prominent shoulder blades (a shape thought to be characteristic of pulmonary phthisis). Obsolete. ΚΠ 1870 S. J. Gee Auscult. & Percuss. i. ii. 27 It is instructive to compare the raising of the shoulders and the non-prominence of the shoulder-blades with the opposite conditions in the opposite form of chest, the pterygoid. 1898 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. V. 202 The first [abnormal form of chest] named alar or pterygoid by Galen and Arctæus and in our own day by Dr. Gee. B. n. Anatomy and Zoology. 1. A pterygoid bone, process, or plate. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > structural parts > bone or bones > skull > parts of skull > [noun] > sphenoid bone > parts of or associated with pterygium1684 sella1684 pterygoid process1697 pterygoid bone1719 pterygoid fossa1733 pterygoidean1753 pterygoid plate1758 pterygoid1822 ingrassial bones1839 alisphenoid1846 presphenoid1851 clinoid1854 postsphenoid1862 postsphenoid bone1862 mesopterygoid fossa1881 Vesalian foramen1891 1822 W. D. Conybeare in Trans. Geol. Soc. 1 118 The palatal bones (ee) and internal pterygoids (ff) are likewise close to each other. 1854 R. Owen Struct. Skeleton & Teeth in Orr's Circle Sci.: Org. Nature I. 179 The palatine and pterygoids forming the roof of the mouth. 1930 H. G. Newth Marshall & Hurst's Junior Course Pract. Zool. (ed. 11) xiii. 316 The pterygoids are a pair of narrow vertical plates of bone, attached to the base of the skull at the junction of the basi-sphenoid with the ali-sphenoids. 1990 M. J. Benton Vertebr. Palaeontol. iv. 74 The main ventral element of the braincase, the parasphenoid, lies behind and between the pterygoids. 2. A pterygoid muscle. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > structural parts > muscle > muscles of specific parts > [noun] > muscles of jaws masseter1578 grinder1615 grinder-tongue muscles1615 temporalis muscle1676 digastric1696 pterygoid muscle1732 pterygoid1828 jaw-tackle1831 masseteric1836 1828 R. Knox tr. H. Cloquet Syst. Human Anat. 236 In the substance of the muscle, as in the masseter and pterygoid [Fr. comme au masseter, aux ptérygoïdiens]. 1975 Nature 6 Nov. 70/1 Low level activity in the jaw elevators, particularly the masseter and internal pterygoid was recorded during slow opening. 1990 Brain 113 1299 Extraocular movements were normal. The pterygoids, masseters and temporalis muscles were weak and atrophic. Compounds Anatomy and Zoology. pterygoid bone n. a pterygoid process or bone (see sense A. 1a); (in early use also) †the sphenoid bone (obsolete). ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > structural parts > bone or bones > skull > parts of skull > [noun] > sphenoid bone > parts of or associated with pterygium1684 sella1684 pterygoid process1697 pterygoid bone1719 pterygoid fossa1733 pterygoidean1753 pterygoid plate1758 pterygoid1822 ingrassial bones1839 alisphenoid1846 presphenoid1851 clinoid1854 postsphenoid1862 postsphenoid bone1862 mesopterygoid fossa1881 Vesalian foramen1891 1719 J. Quincy Lexicon Physico-medicum 11/2 Aliformes Musculi, are Muscles arising from the Pterygoide Bone, and ending in the Neck of the lower Jaw. 1797 J. Bell Anat. Human Body I. 77 It [sc. the sphenoidal bone] is much of the shape of a bat, whence it is often named the pterygoid bone. 1889 Philos. Trans. 1888 (Royal Soc.) B. 179 471 One end of this meniscus goes over into connective tissue, which is lost on the periost between the inner corner of the quadrate and pterygoid bones. 1973 A. d'A. Bellairs & J. F. D. Frazer Smith's Brit. Amphibians & Reptiles (ed. 5) v. 162 Most of the members of the genus Lacerta..have a small cluster of teeth attached to each pterygoid bone, in addition to those of the upper and lower jaws. pterygoid fossa n. the space between the lateral and medial pterygoid plates. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > structural parts > bone or bones > skull > parts of skull > [noun] > sphenoid bone > parts of or associated with pterygium1684 sella1684 pterygoid process1697 pterygoid bone1719 pterygoid fossa1733 pterygoidean1753 pterygoid plate1758 pterygoid1822 ingrassial bones1839 alisphenoid1846 presphenoid1851 clinoid1854 postsphenoid1862 postsphenoid bone1862 mesopterygoid fossa1881 Vesalian foramen1891 1733 G. Douglas tr. J. B. Winslow Anat. Expos. Struct. Human Body I. 27 Two Pterygoide Fossæ [Fr. fosses pterigoïdiennes], the lower ends of which are divided by an irregular Notch or Slit. 1868 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 158 208 Two osseous plates..separated by a deep ovoid cavity, the pterygoid fossa. 1986 Cancer 58 163 Tumors of the pterygoid fossa are often regarded as unresectable because of their anatomic inaccessibility. pterygoid muscle n. either of two muscles arising respectively from the lateral and medial surfaces of the lateral pterygoid process which serve to move the mandible forwards and to the side. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > structural parts > muscle > muscles of specific parts > [noun] > muscles of jaws masseter1578 grinder1615 grinder-tongue muscles1615 temporalis muscle1676 digastric1696 pterygoid muscle1732 pterygoid1828 jaw-tackle1831 masseteric1836 1732Pterygoid muscle [see sense A. 1b]. 1875 Encycl. Brit. I. 836/2 The lower jaw can be projected in front of the upper by the external pterygoid muscles. 1980 Gray's Anat. (ed. 36) v. 536/2 When the two pterygoid muscles of one side are in action, the corresponding side of the mandible is swung forwards and to the opposite side. pterygoid plate n. either of the two thin laminae of bone (medial and lateral) which are joined anteriorly to form the pterygoid process. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > structural parts > bone or bones > skull > parts of skull > [noun] > sphenoid bone > parts of or associated with pterygium1684 sella1684 pterygoid process1697 pterygoid bone1719 pterygoid fossa1733 pterygoidean1753 pterygoid plate1758 pterygoid1822 ingrassial bones1839 alisphenoid1846 presphenoid1851 clinoid1854 postsphenoid1862 postsphenoid bone1862 mesopterygoid fossa1881 Vesalian foramen1891 1758 A. Monro Anat. Human Bones & Nerves (ed. 6) 117 To the maxillary Bones, by the Fore-part of the external pterygoid Plates. 1881 St. G. Mivart Cat iii. 70 Two complex bony plates:..each of these is called a pterygoid plate. 1986 Brit. Jrnl. Oral & Maxillofacial Surg. 24 198 There was no apparent correlation between the presence, type or extent of pterygoid plate fracture and whether or not that side of the osteotomy was completed first. Categories » pterygoid process n. see sense A. 1a. pterygoid ridge n. (a) a ridge on a pterygoid bone, or formed by such a bone (in the skull of a fish, amphibian, or reptile); (b) the infratemporal crest of the lateral surface of the greater wing of the sphenoid bone, which gives origin to part of the lateral pterygoid muscle (in humans and various other mammals). ΚΠ 1888 Philos. Trans. 1887 (Royal Soc.) B. 178 109 (caption) Pterygoid ridges. 1895 Jrnl. Anthropol. Inst. 24 108 The various processes which afford muscular attachment are large, e.g., jugular processes, spinous processes of sphenoid, styloid processes and pterygoid ridges of sphenoid. 1993 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) B. 340 22/2 All known members of the dentine-plate lineage have pterygoid ridges of this kind. pterygoid tubercle n. (a) a protuberance on the inner surface of the mandible, near the angle, to which the medial pterygoid muscle is attached; (b) a protuberance on the upper end of the posterior margin of the medial pterygoid plate. ΚΠ 1890 J. S. Billings National Med. Dict. II. 406/2 Pterygoid tubercle, a rough surface on inner surface of lower jaw, just at the angle, for the attachment of the internal pterygoid muscle. 1913 Cunningham's Text-bk. Anat. (ed. 4) 138 The angle formed by the vaginal process and the medial edge of the scaphoid fossa forms a projection clled the pterygoid tubercle. 1994 Jrnl. Human Evol. 26 313 The presence of a medial pterygoid tubercle on the internal aspect of the mandibular ramus. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.n.1697
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