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单词 prolific
释义

prolificadj.

Brit. /prəˈlɪfɪk/, U.S. /prəˈlɪfɪk/, /proʊˈlɪfɪk/
Forms: 1600s prolifique, 1600s–1700s prolifick, 1600s– prolific.
Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French prolifique; Latin prolificus.
Etymology: < French prolifique capable of producing offspring (1503), fertile (1520, of semen) and its etymon post-classical Latin prolificus producing or capable of producing offspring, fertile (from 14th cent. in British sources; from 15th cent. in continental sources) < classical Latin prōlēs proles n. + -ficus -fic suffix. Compare Spanish prolífico (1541 as prolifico ), Italian prolifico (1437–8). Compare earlier prolifical adj.
1. Tending to cause or promote abundant production; fertilizing. Also figurative. Now rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > existence and causation > creation > productiveness > [adjective] > making or made productive
fructifyingc1374
prolific1635
impregnant1643
fecund1686
fructescent1862
1635 T. May Victorious Reigne Edward III iv. sig. I Nor does the Sunne..Send out that wholesome and prolifique fire He us'd to doe.
1669 T. Gale Court of Gentiles: Pt. I ii. viii. 103 The Sun having such a prolific and powerful influence on al sublunaries.
1680 H. Neville tr. N. Machiavelli Hist. Florence i. 1 in tr. N. Machiavelli Wks. (new ed.) The people which live North-ward beyond the Rhine and the Danube, being born in a healthful and prolifick Clime, do many times increase.
1729 J. Swift Modest Proposal 7 Fish being a prolifick Dyet, there are more Children born in Roman Catholick Countries about nine Months after Lent.
1737 R. Glover Leonidas ii. 253 By Nile's prolifick torrents delug'd o'er.
1777 Farmer's Mag. Oct. 335 The steeping of seeds in prolific liquors is not of modern invention.
1858 R. W. Emerson Persian Poetry in Wks. (1906) III. 238 The prolific sun, and the sudden and rank plenty which his heat engenders.
1875 Appleton's Jrnl. July 98 A thousand productions of a most prolific climate.
1920 Jrnl. Amer. Oriental Soc. 40 331 No doubt a few stories retold in other countries originated in the prolific climate of Babylonia.
2.
a. Fertile, not barren; capable of generating or producing offspring; generative, reproductive. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > biology > biological processes > procreation or reproduction > [adjective]
bearingOE
genderinga1398
multiplyinga1400
fecundc1420
broodya1522
fruitful1526
breeding1552
procreant1588
procreative1598
increasing1600
broodious1602
prolifical1608
conceptiousa1616
plenteousa1616
conceptive1630
feracious1637
propagatory1647
prolific1650
proliferous1654
propagative1654
progenial1664
teemful1755
progenitive1769
breedy1824
proligerous1836
progenital1837
philoprogenitive1857
eugenesic1864
1650 J. Bulwer Anthropometamorphosis 233 The better portion of the Prolifique Seed flowes down from the Brain and spinal Marrow.
1691 J. Ray Wisdom of God 5 The breed of such Mixtures [of dogs] being prolifick.
1741 tr. Marquis d'Argens Chinese Lett. ix. 54 By Misfortune, the prolific Virtue was quite extinct in him.
1881 St. G. Mivart Cat 8 The domestic cat begins..to reproduce by the end of the first year of her life, and she is prolific to her ninth.
1896 H. Gervis in T. C. Allbutt & W. S. Playfair Syst. Gynæcol. 232 The statistics given by writers of the proportion of sterile to prolific marriages vary much.
b. Botany. Capable of producing fertile seed. Obsolete.
ΚΠ
1800 E. Darwin Phytologia xv. 375 The barren buds may be distinguished from the prolific ones by their form before they expand.
1828 J. E. Smith Eng. Flora (ed. 2) II. 100 Pastinaca. Parsnep... Fl. all regular, uniform, perfect, and generally prolific.
3.
a. Of an animal, person, plant, etc.: producing, or able to produce, many offspring, fruits, etc.; highly productive; fruitful. Of soil, land, etc.: fertile. Also figurative.
ΘΚΠ
the world > existence and causation > creation > productiveness > [adjective]
bearinglOE
fruitfula1300
plenteousc1325
fructuousa1382
birthful?c1475
fertile1481
broodya1522
yielding1556
foisonous1570
procreant1588
generative1597
yieldy1598
childing1600
seedful1605
thankful1610
foisonable1613
prolifical1615
fecundous1630
feracious1637
prolific1653
fetiferous1654
floriferous1656
productive1672
fœtant1678
spawning1682
uberousa1706
populous?1789
productible1830
grateful1832
resultful1833
genetic1838
tumid1840
polyphorous1858
generant1875
proliferent1920
the world > plants > part of plant > reproductive part(s) > fruit or reproductive product > plant that bears fruit > [adjective] > bearing fruit or fruitful
fruitfula1300
birthel-treea1325
fructified14..
fructive14..
fructuosec1440
fructifiable1623
fructiferous1632
frugiferous1633
frugiferent1656
pregnant1669
prolific1738
fruiting1778
fruited1786
fruitening1845
fructificative1887
1653 Bp. J. Taylor Serm. for Year I. xxiii. 302 Covetousnesse being..so originall a crime, such a prolifick sin.
1685 J. Dryden tr. Lucretius Nature of Love iv, in Sylvæ 95 Many, seeming barren Wives have been, Who, after match'd with more prolifique men, Have fill'd a Family with pratling boyes.
1699 D. Defoe Let. Member Parl. 14 Sometimes Persecution it self is the most prolifick Soil for the True Religion to shoot forth and flourish in.
1738 T. Shaw Trav. Barbary & Levant iv. 370 It is well known that the Fruit of this prolific Plant doth always precede the Leaves.
1775 S. Johnson Taxation no Tyranny 7 To attack a nation thus prolific.
1794 S. Williams Nat. & Civil Hist. Vermont 84 The wolf is a very prolific animal.
1832 H. Martineau Brooke & Brooke Farm viii We should have no idea how prolific the soil might be made.
1839 J. C. Calhoun Speech 16 Jan. in Papers (1981) XIV. 524 The public lands, that prolific source of corruption in the hands of the profligate.
1871 B. Jowett tr. Plato Dialogues I. 129 Some he made to have few young ones, while those who were their prey were very prolific.
1923 Glasgow Herald 25 Jan. 4/2 Mr. Wells is a prolific idea-monger.
1956 R. Macaulay Towers of Trebizond xvii. 202 By nature prolific, she had presented me with several half-brothers and sisters.
1990 Garden News 21 Nov. 12/3 Pat..runs a large vegetable garden and a cluttered greenhouse containing a prolific grape vine.
2005 Geelong (Austral.) Advertiser (Nexis) 25 Aug. 17 The family—consisting of his prolific father's 42 children and several widows—would seek up to $6.5 million from Cowboy Films.
b. With in, of. Having or producing an abundance of something.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > quantity > sufficient quantity, amount, or degree > abundance > [adjective] > abundantly produced or producing
fecundc1400
facund?1504
bountifula1538
redundant?1611
fertilea1616
fruitful1629
prolific1665
productive1672
spawning1682
tousy1895
1665 T. Tanner Euphuia 100 Gratitude in a generous heart is sweet, and most prolifique of good humours.
1693 S. Pepys in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eminent Literary Men (1843) (Camden) 213 This age being not very prolifique of customers for such a commodity.
1766 H. Brooke Fool of Quality II. x. 161 Till Invention shall be exhausted, and no longer prolific of new Wants and additional Wishes in Man.
1795 G. Wakefield Reply 2nd Pt. Age of Reason 25 Whether ancient times were prolific in such stupid beings as these.
1842 J. Wilson Recreations Christopher North I. 208 The heather and the clover were prolific of the honey-dew.
1869 E. Dunkin Midnight Sky 32 This constellation is very prolific in stars of the fourth and fifth magnitudes.
1901 G. W. James Indian Basketry viii. 104 Bam tsu wu..; most tedious in construction, most capable of ornamentation, and most prolific in aesthetic effects.
1923 O. T. Howe Argonauts of '49 i. 10 Company after company was formed, not only in New England and other eastern sections but also in foreign countries. France was very prolific of them.
1995 S. Schama Landscape & Memory ii. 103 A great realm of the forest prolific in treasures for lord and churl alike.
c. Of a creative artist, esp. a writer: producing many works.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > [adjective] > prolific
prolific1753
1753 London Monthly Mercury June 100 Let us but look into the several Comedies of this prolific Author, and we shall find in the greatest Part of them nothing more than the bare Relation of some popular Anecdote reduced to Dialogue.
1832 Biblical Repertory Apr. 216 That extravagant..species of romance..which, in the hands of their [sc. the western Asiatics'] prolific writers, has grown up like an enchanted palace.
1887 Amer. Jrnl. Archaeol. & Hist. Fine Arts 3 107 Here at Naukratis are several specimens after the style of this prolific artist [sc. Nikosthenes].
1931 H. Read Meaning of Art ii. 121 Delacroix was one of the most prolific of painters.
1980 ‘M. Fonteyn’ Magic of Dance 271 The most successful, and undoubtedly most prolific, house composer was an Italian, Cesare Pugni, with three hundred and twelve ballets to his credit.
1994 M.E.A.T. Sept. 29/1 This prolific band..grind out the goods musically with a very healthy dose of speed.
4. Characterized by fruitfulness or abundant production.
ΘΚΠ
the world > existence and causation > creation > productiveness > [adjective] > characterized by abundant production
prolific1749
1749 A. Selden Love & Folly i. 36 The humble Plants, the tow'ring Woods..clothe The Globe with their prolific Growth.
1762 London Mag. June 329/2 Where thy smiles propitious shine, The whole prolific year is thine.
1784 J. Cullum Hist. & Antiq. Hawsted in Bibliotheca Topographica Britannica No. 23. i. 6 The most prolific year in that period was 1775, which produced 22 children.
1850 W. Irving Mahomet (1853) xiii. 58 The country..was..adapted for the vigorous support and prolific increase of animal life.
1886 W. Stubbs 17 Lect. Study Hist. vii. 150 The extant remains of the literary work of the period are so great, that, if we suppose them to bear the ordinary proportion to the lost works of the same age, they would prove it to be enormously prolific.
1908 J. A. Thomson Heredity iii. 92 It is possible that the prolific multiplication in a new environment may have had something to do with the awakening of the impulsive mutability [in Œnothera lamarckiana].
1969 Sunday Statesman (Calcutta) 27 July (Mag. section) p. i/5 The most prolific period of Hindu art, from the Gupta age to the mediaeval times, saw the rapid development of sculptural ornamentation.
2001 N.Y. Times 11 Mar. iii. 7/5 We are entering perhaps the most prolific period in history in drug discovery because of biotechnology and the human genome.
5. That is abundant; numerous, profuse.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > quantity > sufficient quantity, amount, or degree > abundance > [adjective]
goodeOE
broadOE
fullOE
large?c1225
rifec1225
fulsomea1325
abundanta1382
plenteousa1382
copiousc1384
plentifula1400
ranka1400
aboundc1425
affluentc1425
aboundable?1440
seedy1440
manyfulc1450
ample1472
olda1500
richa1500
flowing1526
fertilent1535
wallingc1540
copy1546
abounding1560
fat1563
numbrous1566
good, great store1569
round1592
redundant1594
fruitful1604
cornucopian1609
much1609
plenty?a1610
pukka1619
redundant1621
uberant1622
swelling1628
uberous1633
numerousa1635
superfluent1648
full tide1649
lucky1649
redounding1667
numerose1692
bumper1836
prolific1890
proliferous1915
1890 Pall Mall Gaz. 18 Aug. 7/3 To propitiate these ghosts an animal must be slaughtered—whether it be the prolific pariah dog or the valuable mythun.
1934 Times 14 Aug. 39/1 There is..a prolific supply of ballad singers..but a pronounced shortage of tenors and sopranos capable of singing romantic music and speaking dialogue in an operetta production.
1973 P. Arnold & C. Davis Hamlyn Bk. World Soccer 27/1 There was some prolific scoring after the change in the off-side law in 1925.
1997 Oxoniensia 61 251 These mounts appear in the early 13th century and are prolific in the late 14th and early 15th centuries.
2001 N. Jones Rough Guide Trav. Health ii. 178 To cure a cold homeopathically, choose arsenicum album if you have a watery, burning discharge..and prolific sneezing.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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adj.1635
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