prostrationn.

Brit.

/prɒˈstreɪʃn/,

/prəˈstreɪʃn/, U.S.

/prɑˈstreɪʃ(ə)n/

Forms: late Middle English prostracioun, late Middle English–1500s prostracion, late Middle English–1500s prostracyon, 1500s– prostration.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French prostration; Latin prostration-, prostratio.

Etymology: < Anglo-Norman prostracion, Anglo-Norman and Middle French prostration action of prostrating oneself (1212 in Anglo-Norman), action of casting down (1396; French prostration ) and its etymon post-classical Latin prostration-, prostratio action of prostrating oneself (Vetus Latina; frequently c1180–1531 in British sources), debasement or subjugation of a principle or faculty (late 2nd or early 3rd cent. in Tertullian), overthrow, defeat (4th cent.; frequently 1200–1509 in British sources) < classical Latin prōstrāt- , past participial stem of prōsternere prostern v. + -iō -ion suffix¹. Compare Spanish postración (mid 15th cent. as postraçion), Italian prostrazione (a1607).

1. The action or an act of prostrating oneself or one's body, esp. as a sign of humility, adoration, or servility; the condition of being prostrated, or of lying prostrate.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > posture > action or fact of lying down or reclining > [noun] > prostrate or face down

prostration1440

prosternationa1500

grovelling1611

humicubation1656

concidency1681

the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > respect > reverence > [noun] > prostration of body in reverence

prostration1440

prosternationa1500

fussefall1547

prosterning1612

shikho1886

1440 J. Capgrave Life St. Norbert (1977) l. 2154 Þe couent whech was of dyuers nacyoun With on asent made now here prostracioun, Wepyng, waylyng, praying witȝ good entent To Iesu oure lord God omnipotent.

c1450 (a1400) Orologium Sapientiæ in Anglia (1888) 10 361 Hit schulde more haue avayled to me a besy kepynge of my herte and alle my wittis with clannes of herte, þanne..thritty ȝeeris in þe whiche any oþer man hadde bisyed hym by prostracyons, forto gete me rewarde of god.

a1500 Form of Confession (Nero A.iii) in W. Maskell Monumenta Ritualia Ecclesiae Anglicanae (1882) III. 301 (MED) I haue not kepyd..all other observance of the order, as syght, sylence, and cell, the stall and bell, inclinacyons, veneis, and prostracyons.

1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection iii. sig. PPPii And there, with..genuflections or knelynges, inclinacions, prostracions, or other reuerence, to aske the mercy of god.

1545 G. Joye Expos. Daniel (iii.) f. 35 Miche more excecrable is it to serue or worship them [sc. images] with any reuerent behauiour ether by adoracion, prostracion, knelyng, or kissing.

a1631 J. Donne Serm. (1959) IV. 162 I shall rise..from the prostration, from the prosternation of death.

1655 J. Howell 4th Vol. Familiar Lett. xxxvi. 86 The comely prostrations of the body,..in time of Divine Service is very exemplary.

1673 W. Cave Primitive Christianity iii. v. 369 After his usual Prostrations in the Church as if unworthy either to stand or kneel.

1736 Ld. Hervey Mem. II. 114 This prostration was known to be so acceptable an accosting to his Majesty's pride.

1791 M. De Fleury Divine Poems & Ess. 5 Again they shout ‘Worthy the Lamb!’ and at his gracious feet In low prostration fall.

1823 J. Gillies tr. Aristotle Rhetoric I. 178 Among barbarians honour is denoted by humble prostrations of the body.

1879 H. Spencer Princ. Sociol. §384 Though the loss of power to resist which prostration on the face implies, does not reach the utter defencelessness implied by prostration on the back, yet it is great enough to make it a sign of profound homage.

1883 ‘Ouida’ Wanda I. 5 The villagers..came timidly around and made their humble prostrations.

1927 V. Woolf To Lighthouse i. xvi. 124 Like some queen who, finding her people gathered in the hall..accepts their devotion and their prostration before her.

1992 T. Portsmouth et al. In Tune with Heaven (BNC) 104 Prostration on the floor speaks of repentance and openness to God.

2. The mental attitude which is implied in prostrating the body; humiliation, abasement, or abject submission; veneration, adulation, reverence.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > humility > self-abasement > [noun]

humbling1549

prostration1619

self-abasement1641

self-nothingness1647

humicubation1656

the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > respect > reverence > [noun]

reverencec1300

reverency?1505

prostration1619

veneration1683

1619 F. Rous Arte of Happines iii. vii. 365 This humiliation and Prostration is the foote of the valley, which they must descend into, that will ascend to the height of the Mountaine of God.

1646 Sir T. Browne Pseudodoxia Epidemica i. vii. 25 Nor is only a resolved prostration unto Antiquity a powerfull enemy unto knowledge, but also a confident adherence unto any Authority.

1705 C. Gildon Deist's Man. iv. 229 To acknowledge a Truth, full of such amazing Wonders, without a profound Veneration, and Respect, or rather Prostration of Mind, is absolutely impossible.

1755 E. Young Centaur iv. 197 For that bountiful grant, what adoration is due? with prostration profound I cannot but adore.

1849 W. K. Tweedie Life J. MacDonald iii. 255 To read the record of his profound prostration and abasement is at once humbling and joyous.

a1902 S. Butler Way of All Flesh (1903) lxvi. 297 The strongest quail before financial ruin, and the better men they are, the more complete, as a general rule, is their prostration.

1988 P. Toynbee End of Journey 24 I doubt if I could have saved him from this misery and prostration.

1995 Time 31 July 15/1 Belinda Luscombe..has maneuvered through phalanxes of nervous publicists this month to cover Grant's humiliation and subsequent prostration.

3. Extreme physical weakness or exhaustion; (also) extreme mental depression or dejection; an instance of this.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > [noun] > weakness

faintise1297

weaknessa1300

faintc1320

feebleness1340

languishingc1384

lamea1400

unferea1400

unferenessa1400

unwielda1400

impotence1406

imbecility?a1425

languisha1425

languoringa1438

unwieldness1437

faintnessa1440

impotency1440

infirmityc1440

debility1484

unlustiness1486

resolution1547

unwieldiness1575

languishment1576

infirmness1596

weakness1603

prostrationa1626

exolution1634

languidness1634

prosternation1650

faintingnessa1661

debilitude1669

flaccidity1676

atony1693

puniness1727

faintishness1733

adynamia1743

asthenia1802

adynamy1817

weakliness1826

tonelessness1873

atonicity1900

the world > physical sensation > sleeping and waking > weariness or exhaustion > [noun]

wearinessc900

slemea1300

werihede1340

talma1400

aneantizinga1425

faintnessa1440

defatigation1508

languishness?1529

lassitude1541

tiredness1552

overtiring1598

attainta1616

languishmentc1620

exhaustment1621

prostrationa1626

exhaustiona1639

tiresomeness1646

lassation1650

exantlation1651

fessitude1656

faintingnessa1661

delassation1692

tiriness1697

languor1707

fatigue1719

exhausture1779

distress1803

exhaustedness1840

worn-outness1844

tire1859

dead-beatness1907

the mind > emotion > suffering > dejection > [noun] > extreme

prostrationa1626

prosternation1650

a1626 L. Andrewes XCVI Serm. (1629) 180 When we are come to the very last cast, our strength is gone..when a generall prostration of all our powers, and the shadow of death [is] upon our eyes.

1651 R. Baxter Plain Script. Proof Infants Church-membership & Baptism Apol. 14 I can hardly..speak above an hour without the prostration of my strength.

1732 J. Arbuthnot Pract. Rules of Diet iii. 352 There is a sudden Prostration of the Strength or Weakness attending this Colick.

1803 Med. & Physical Jrnl. 10 109 Distinguished..by the unusual prostration of strength.

1865 C. Dickens Our Mutual Friend II. iii. x. 87 Exhibiting great wretchedness in the shivering stage of prostration from drink.

1887 Spectator 15 Oct. 1377 An appreciable number of the guilty died of nervous prostration.

1915 L. M. Montgomery Anne of Island ii. 15 Mrs. Peter Sloane sighed and said she hoped my strength would hold out till I got through; and at once I saw myself a hopeless victim of nervous prostration at the end of my third year.

1953 R. W. Fairbrother Text-bk. Bacteriol. (ed. 7) xxvi. 332 This is accompanied by high fever, muco-purulent nasal discharge and extreme prostration; death occurs in 7–10 days.

1994 Star-Ledger (Newark, New Jersey) 26 Nov. 13/4 The symptoms of dengue fever..include chills, severe headache, pain in the joints, sweating and prostration.

4. The reduction of a country, party, organization, etc., to a prostrate or powerless condition.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > victory > [noun] > subjugation

subjection1597

prostration1644

subjugationa1676

society > authority > subjection > [noun] > of one people to another

prostration1644

subjugationa1676

1644 H. Hammond Of Resisting Lawfull Magistrate 38 A Sect most sadly pernicious to the Jewes themselves; the destruction of all whom, and the prostration of their whole Common-wealth, it did not onely hasten and precipitate, but made it so miserable and calamitous when it came.

1799 W. Brown Oration Spoken at Hartford 21 It required the complete prostration of our trade, the destruction of our national character, even a civil war.

1826 T. Jefferson Let. 17 Feb. in Writings (1984) 1515 The general prostration of the farming business..[has] kept agriculture in a state of abject depression.

1844 C. Thirlwall Hist. Greece VIII. lxvi. 472 The prostration of Greece under the Turkish yoke.

1851 ‘L. Mariotti’ Italy in 1848 295 The exaggerated notions of the utter prostration and dissolution of the empire then prevalent.

1910 Encycl. Brit. I. 141/1 Sparta's prostration after the Chremonidean campaigns..enhanced the [Achaean] league's importance.

1991 D. Urwin Community of Europe (BNC) 61 After 1945 France's primary objective had been the prostration of Germany.

5. The debasement or subjugation of any principle or faculty. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disrepute > damage to reputation > degrading or debasement > [noun]

debatec1460

disparagement1486

embasement1575

digraduation1577

lessening1579

degraduation1581

disparagea1592

bastardizing1598

debasement1602

deplumation1611

depression1628

vilificationa1631

degradement1641

degrading1646

prostration1647

deprisure1648

embasure1656

embasing1659

debasure1683

degradationc1752

derogation1785

demotion1872

objectification1973

1647 N. Ward Simple Cobler Aggawam 47 Peoples prostrations of..[Civill Liberties and Proprieties] when they may lawfully helpe it, are prophane prostitutions.

1677 J. Hanmer tr. Tertullian in Archaioskopia v. 160 They give that which is holy unto dogs, and cast pearls (though not true ones) before swine: they will have simplicity to be the prostration of Discipline.

1788 A. Hamilton Federalist Papers lxxxv. 358 Those practices on the part of the state governments, which..have occasioned an almost universal prostration of morals.

1821 T. Jefferson Autobiogr. in Writings (1984) 85 For after 30 years of war..the prostration of private happiness, and foreign subjugation of their own country.

1968 Times 27 Sept. 11/7 This prostration of man's technical ability to ends which are essentially political in the name of science.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	prostration
释义	prostrationn. Brit. /prɒˈstreɪʃn/, /prəˈstreɪʃn/, U.S. /prɑˈstreɪʃ(ə)n/ Forms: late Middle English prostracioun, late Middle English–1500s prostracion, late Middle English–1500s prostracyon, 1500s– prostration. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French prostration; Latin prostration-, prostratio. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman prostracion, Anglo-Norman and Middle French prostration action of prostrating oneself (1212 in Anglo-Norman), action of casting down (1396; French prostration ) and its etymon post-classical Latin prostration-, prostratio action of prostrating oneself (Vetus Latina; frequently c1180–1531 in British sources), debasement or subjugation of a principle or faculty (late 2nd or early 3rd cent. in Tertullian), overthrow, defeat (4th cent.; frequently 1200–1509 in British sources) < classical Latin prōstrāt- , past participial stem of prōsternere prostern v. + -iō -ion suffix¹. Compare Spanish postración (mid 15th cent. as postraçion), Italian prostrazione (a1607). 1. The action or an act of prostrating oneself or one's body, esp. as a sign of humility, adoration, or servility; the condition of being prostrated, or of lying prostrate. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > posture > action or fact of lying down or reclining > [noun] > prostrate or face down prostration1440 prosternationa1500 grovelling1611 humicubation1656 concidency1681 the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > respect > reverence > [noun] > prostration of body in reverence prostration1440 prosternationa1500 fussefall1547 prosterning1612 shikho1886 1440 J. Capgrave Life St. Norbert (1977) l. 2154 Þe couent whech was of dyuers nacyoun With on asent made now here prostracioun, Wepyng, waylyng, praying witȝ good entent To Iesu oure lord God omnipotent. c1450 (a1400) Orologium Sapientiæ in Anglia (1888) 10 361 Hit schulde more haue avayled to me a besy kepynge of my herte and alle my wittis with clannes of herte, þanne..thritty ȝeeris in þe whiche any oþer man hadde bisyed hym by prostracyons, forto gete me rewarde of god. a1500 Form of Confession (Nero A.iii) in W. Maskell Monumenta Ritualia Ecclesiae Anglicanae (1882) III. 301 (MED) I haue not kepyd..all other observance of the order, as syght, sylence, and cell, the stall and bell, inclinacyons, veneis, and prostracyons. 1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection iii. sig. PPPii And there, with..genuflections or knelynges, inclinacions, prostracions, or other reuerence, to aske the mercy of god. 1545 G. Joye Expos. Daniel (iii.) f. 35 Miche more excecrable is it to serue or worship them [sc. images] with any reuerent behauiour ether by adoracion, prostracion, knelyng, or kissing. a1631 J. Donne Serm. (1959) IV. 162 I shall rise..from the prostration, from the prosternation of death. 1655 J. Howell 4th Vol. Familiar Lett. xxxvi. 86 The comely prostrations of the body,..in time of Divine Service is very exemplary. 1673 W. Cave Primitive Christianity iii. v. 369 After his usual Prostrations in the Church as if unworthy either to stand or kneel. 1736 Ld. Hervey Mem. II. 114 This prostration was known to be so acceptable an accosting to his Majesty's pride. 1791 M. De Fleury Divine Poems & Ess. 5 Again they shout ‘Worthy the Lamb!’ and at his gracious feet In low prostration fall. 1823 J. Gillies tr. Aristotle Rhetoric I. 178 Among barbarians honour is denoted by humble prostrations of the body. 1879 H. Spencer Princ. Sociol. §384 Though the loss of power to resist which prostration on the face implies, does not reach the utter defencelessness implied by prostration on the back, yet it is great enough to make it a sign of profound homage. 1883 ‘Ouida’ Wanda I. 5 The villagers..came timidly around and made their humble prostrations. 1927 V. Woolf To Lighthouse i. xvi. 124 Like some queen who, finding her people gathered in the hall..accepts their devotion and their prostration before her. 1992 T. Portsmouth et al. In Tune with Heaven (BNC) 104 Prostration on the floor speaks of repentance and openness to God. 2. The mental attitude which is implied in prostrating the body; humiliation, abasement, or abject submission; veneration, adulation, reverence. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > humility > self-abasement > [noun] humbling1549 prostration1619 self-abasement1641 self-nothingness1647 humicubation1656 the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > respect > reverence > [noun] reverencec1300 reverency?1505 prostration1619 veneration1683 1619 F. Rous Arte of Happines iii. vii. 365 This humiliation and Prostration is the foote of the valley, which they must descend into, that will ascend to the height of the Mountaine of God. 1646 Sir T. Browne Pseudodoxia Epidemica i. vii. 25 Nor is only a resolved prostration unto Antiquity a powerfull enemy unto knowledge, but also a confident adherence unto any Authority. 1705 C. Gildon Deist's Man. iv. 229 To acknowledge a Truth, full of such amazing Wonders, without a profound Veneration, and Respect, or rather Prostration of Mind, is absolutely impossible. 1755 E. Young Centaur iv. 197 For that bountiful grant, what adoration is due? with prostration profound I cannot but adore. 1849 W. K. Tweedie Life J. MacDonald iii. 255 To read the record of his profound prostration and abasement is at once humbling and joyous. a1902 S. Butler Way of All Flesh (1903) lxvi. 297 The strongest quail before financial ruin, and the better men they are, the more complete, as a general rule, is their prostration. 1988 P. Toynbee End of Journey 24 I doubt if I could have saved him from this misery and prostration. 1995 Time 31 July 15/1 Belinda Luscombe..has maneuvered through phalanxes of nervous publicists this month to cover Grant's humiliation and subsequent prostration. 3. Extreme physical weakness or exhaustion; (also) extreme mental depression or dejection; an instance of this. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > [noun] > weakness faintise1297 weaknessa1300 faintc1320 feebleness1340 languishingc1384 lamea1400 unferea1400 unferenessa1400 unwielda1400 impotence1406 imbecility?a1425 languisha1425 languoringa1438 unwieldness1437 faintnessa1440 impotency1440 infirmityc1440 debility1484 unlustiness1486 resolution1547 unwieldiness1575 languishment1576 infirmness1596 weakness1603 prostrationa1626 exolution1634 languidness1634 prosternation1650 faintingnessa1661 debilitude1669 flaccidity1676 atony1693 puniness1727 faintishness1733 adynamia1743 asthenia1802 adynamy1817 weakliness1826 tonelessness1873 atonicity1900 the world > physical sensation > sleeping and waking > weariness or exhaustion > [noun] wearinessc900 slemea1300 werihede1340 talma1400 aneantizinga1425 faintnessa1440 defatigation1508 languishness?1529 lassitude1541 tiredness1552 overtiring1598 attainta1616 languishmentc1620 exhaustment1621 prostrationa1626 exhaustiona1639 tiresomeness1646 lassation1650 exantlation1651 fessitude1656 faintingnessa1661 delassation1692 tiriness1697 languor1707 fatigue1719 exhausture1779 distress1803 exhaustedness1840 worn-outness1844 tire1859 dead-beatness1907 the mind > emotion > suffering > dejection > [noun] > extreme prostrationa1626 prosternation1650 a1626 L. Andrewes XCVI Serm. (1629) 180 When we are come to the very last cast, our strength is gone..when a generall prostration of all our powers, and the shadow of death [is] upon our eyes. 1651 R. Baxter Plain Script. Proof Infants Church-membership & Baptism Apol. 14 I can hardly..speak above an hour without the prostration of my strength. 1732 J. Arbuthnot Pract. Rules of Diet iii. 352 There is a sudden Prostration of the Strength or Weakness attending this Colick. 1803 Med. & Physical Jrnl. 10 109 Distinguished..by the unusual prostration of strength. 1865 C. Dickens Our Mutual Friend II. iii. x. 87 Exhibiting great wretchedness in the shivering stage of prostration from drink. 1887 Spectator 15 Oct. 1377 An appreciable number of the guilty died of nervous prostration. 1915 L. M. Montgomery Anne of Island ii. 15 Mrs. Peter Sloane sighed and said she hoped my strength would hold out till I got through; and at once I saw myself a hopeless victim of nervous prostration at the end of my third year. 1953 R. W. Fairbrother Text-bk. Bacteriol. (ed. 7) xxvi. 332 This is accompanied by high fever, muco-purulent nasal discharge and extreme prostration; death occurs in 7–10 days. 1994 Star-Ledger (Newark, New Jersey) 26 Nov. 13/4 The symptoms of dengue fever..include chills, severe headache, pain in the joints, sweating and prostration. 4. The reduction of a country, party, organization, etc., to a prostrate or powerless condition. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > victory > [noun] > subjugation subjection1597 prostration1644 subjugationa1676 society > authority > subjection > [noun] > of one people to another prostration1644 subjugationa1676 1644 H. Hammond Of Resisting Lawfull Magistrate 38 A Sect most sadly pernicious to the Jewes themselves; the destruction of all whom, and the prostration of their whole Common-wealth, it did not onely hasten and precipitate, but made it so miserable and calamitous when it came. 1799 W. Brown Oration Spoken at Hartford 21 It required the complete prostration of our trade, the destruction of our national character, even a civil war. 1826 T. Jefferson Let. 17 Feb. in Writings (1984) 1515 The general prostration of the farming business..[has] kept agriculture in a state of abject depression. 1844 C. Thirlwall Hist. Greece VIII. lxvi. 472 The prostration of Greece under the Turkish yoke. 1851 ‘L. Mariotti’ Italy in 1848 295 The exaggerated notions of the utter prostration and dissolution of the empire then prevalent. 1910 Encycl. Brit. I. 141/1 Sparta's prostration after the Chremonidean campaigns..enhanced the [Achaean] league's importance. 1991 D. Urwin Community of Europe (BNC) 61 After 1945 France's primary objective had been the prostration of Germany. 5. The debasement or subjugation of any principle or faculty. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disrepute > damage to reputation > degrading or debasement > [noun] debatec1460 disparagement1486 embasement1575 digraduation1577 lessening1579 degraduation1581 disparagea1592 bastardizing1598 debasement1602 deplumation1611 depression1628 vilificationa1631 degradement1641 degrading1646 prostration1647 deprisure1648 embasure1656 embasing1659 debasure1683 degradationc1752 derogation1785 demotion1872 objectification1973 1647 N. Ward Simple Cobler Aggawam 47 Peoples prostrations of..[Civill Liberties and Proprieties] when they may lawfully helpe it, are prophane prostitutions. 1677 J. Hanmer tr. Tertullian in Archaioskopia v. 160 They give that which is holy unto dogs, and cast pearls (though not true ones) before swine: they will have simplicity to be the prostration of Discipline. 1788 A. Hamilton Federalist Papers lxxxv. 358 Those practices on the part of the state governments, which..have occasioned an almost universal prostration of morals. 1821 T. Jefferson Autobiogr. in Writings (1984) 85 For after 30 years of war..the prostration of private happiness, and foreign subjugation of their own country. 1968 Times 27 Sept. 11/7 This prostration of man's technical ability to ends which are essentially political in the name of science. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1440
随便看	dolts dolus dolus bonus dolus malus doly dom dom pedro dom pérignon domable domableness domager domain domain lands domain name server domain name service domain name system domain of use domainal domaine-bottled domaine-bottling domainebottled domainebottling domains domal domanial