programman.

Brit.

/prəʊˈɡramə/, U.S.

/proʊˈɡræmə/

Inflections: Plural programmas, programmata Brit.

/prəʊˈɡramətə/, U.S.

/proʊˈɡræmədə/.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin programma.

Etymology: < post-classical Latin programma proclamation, edict (3rd cent.), (plural) observations (1656 in the source of quot. 1671 at programme n. 2), preface, introduction (1662 in a German source), (plural) prolegomena (1702 in the passage translated in quot. 1711 at sense 2) < ancient Greek πρόγραμμα order of the day, agenda, in Hellenistic Greek also public written notice, proclamation, edict < προ- pro- prefix² + γράμμα letter (see -gram comb. form), after προγράϕειν to write publicly. Compare earlier programme n.With sense 1b compare German †Programma (c1700).

a. Classical History, and formerly in some universities. A written notice, proclamation, or edict, esp. one posted up in a public place; a public notice.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > information > publishing or spreading abroad > publishing or spreading by leaflets or notices > [noun] > placarding, postering, or billing > a placard, notice, or bill

bill1480

placard1560

ticket1567

pancart1577

affix1589

si quis1597

affiche1602

placketa1605

programme1633

programmaa1661

advertisement1692

clap-bill1699

handbill1718

daybill1731

show bill?a1750

notice1766

play-card1778

card1787

posting bill1788

poster1818

sticker1862

flyer1889

paper1896

a1661 B. Holyday in tr. Juvenal Satyres (1673) Illustr. 302 Marcilius here understands by edictum, not the prætor's edict, but a programma, or bill put up by Nero, to signifie, that after dinner he would sing Callirhoe.

1678 A. Wood Life & Times (1892) II. 426 Programma stuck up in every College hall under the vicechancellor's hand that no scholar abuse the soldiers..in the night watches that they keep at the Gild hall, Peniless Bench, and at most inns doores.

1693 London Gaz. No. 2893/1 Publick Programma's of his Expulsion [from Oxford University] are already Affixed in the three usual places.

1754 Def. Rector Exeter Coll. 13 We will recite the Vice-Chancellor's Programma at large.

1774–81 T. Warton Hist. Eng. Poetry II. xviii. 438 His [sc. Erasmus'] edition of the Greek new testament..was absolutely proscribed at Cambridge: and a programma was issued in one of the most ample colleges, threatening a severe fine.

1820 R. Southey Life Wesley I. 47 The vice-chancellor had, in a programma, exhorted the tutors to discharge their duty by double diligence.

1937 J. Whatmough Foundations Rom. Italy 395 We have a few late Oscan election-placards from Pompeii, evidently addressed to Oscan-speaking voters,..and similar to the well-known Latin programmata.

1958 W. R. Ward Georgian Oxford 170 In March he was summoned to London to render an account of his conduct, and soon afterwards a programma was issued expressing..the University's ‘abhorrence & detestation of such factious and seditious practices’.

1986 L. S. Sutherland & L. G. Mitchell Hist. Univ. Oxf. V. 436 The seniors were so uneasy at the signs..of deistic thinking by the undergraduates that the vice-chancellor..called a meeting in late November 1728 to publish a Programma condemning the ‘ill Designing Persons' who sought to implant such views’.

†b. A public notice of the subjects to be treated in a course of lectures or studies in a university; a syllabus. Obsolete. rare.

ΚΠ

1787 P. H. Maty tr. J. K. Riesbeck Trav. Germany III. lix. 143 When a young man comes here they commonly lay a Programma [Ger. einen Plan] before him, in which all the arts are disposed according to their natural order.

c. A public notice relating to a function or celebration about to take place, with a list of the proceedings in order; (hence) a prospectus, agenda, programme (programme n. 3). Now historical.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > will > intention > planning > [noun] > arranging > planned series of events or programme > prospectus, programme, or syllabus

programma1789

programme1799

1789 M. Madan New Transl. Juvenal & Persius 327 A programma, a kind of play-bill, which was stuck up, as ours are, in a morning.

1815 J. C. Hobhouse Substance Lett. (1816) I. 400 A programma of the fête [in France], together with the order from the minister of police was fixed to the walls.

1820 T. Mitchell tr. Aristophanes Knights in tr. Aristophanes Comedies I. 227 The Prytanes..before the meeting set up a programma in some place of general concourse, in which were contained the matters that were to form the subject of consideration at the ensuing Assembly.

1990 A. A. Burn Penguin Hist. Greece 239 The Council drew up the programma or order-paper, which might include detailed recommendations.

†2. A written preface or introduction; (in plural) prefatory remarks, prolegomena. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > literature > a written composition > parts of a written composition > [noun] > prologue or introduction

forespeechc1000

prologuec1350

proemya1382

preamblec1395

proemc1410

exordyc1430

prolocutory1447

protocolc1450

forespeaking1480

preface1484

prooemiumc1485

preparation1526

introduction1529

induction1533

introducement1536

epistle?1548

prelude1548

proposition1553

foretalk1565

exordium1581

prolegomenons1600

inducement1605

isagoge1652

propylaeum1693

programma1711

foreword1842

foretalking1872

programme1880

pronaos1894

peritext1977

epitext1978

1711 tr. S. Werenfels Disc. Meteors Stile in tr. S. Werenfels Disc. Logomachys 210 Prefaces, Inscriptions, and Programmata [L. programmatibus] abound with Phrases..worthy Cedar and Gold.

1715 T. Hearne in Remarks & Coll. (1857) I. 334 D^r. Gardiner..in a silly programma he hath published.

1761 T. Warton Life Bathurst 218 [Dr. Bathurst's] programma, on preaching..is an agreeable and lively piece of writing.

1883 J. R. Harris Stichometry (1893) 36 The peculiar features of the arrangement of his [sc. Euthalius's] text are prefaces, programmata, lists of quotations with reference to the authors..from whom they come.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	programma
释义	programman. Brit. /prəʊˈɡramə/, U.S. /proʊˈɡræmə/ Inflections: Plural programmas, programmata Brit. /prəʊˈɡramətə/, U.S. /proʊˈɡræmədə/. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin programma. Etymology: < post-classical Latin programma proclamation, edict (3rd cent.), (plural) observations (1656 in the source of quot. 1671 at programme n. 2), preface, introduction (1662 in a German source), (plural) prolegomena (1702 in the passage translated in quot. 1711 at sense 2) < ancient Greek πρόγραμμα order of the day, agenda, in Hellenistic Greek also public written notice, proclamation, edict < προ- pro- prefix² + γράμμα letter (see -gram comb. form), after προγράϕειν to write publicly. Compare earlier programme n.With sense 1b compare German †Programma (c1700). 1. a. Classical History, and formerly in some universities. A written notice, proclamation, or edict, esp. one posted up in a public place; a public notice. ΘΚΠ society > communication > information > publishing or spreading abroad > publishing or spreading by leaflets or notices > [noun] > placarding, postering, or billing > a placard, notice, or bill bill1480 placard1560 ticket1567 pancart1577 affix1589 si quis1597 affiche1602 placketa1605 programme1633 programmaa1661 advertisement1692 clap-bill1699 handbill1718 daybill1731 show bill?a1750 notice1766 play-card1778 card1787 posting bill1788 poster1818 sticker1862 flyer1889 paper1896 a1661 B. Holyday in tr. Juvenal Satyres (1673) Illustr. 302 Marcilius here understands by edictum, not the prætor's edict, but a programma, or bill put up by Nero, to signifie, that after dinner he would sing Callirhoe. 1678 A. Wood Life & Times (1892) II. 426 Programma stuck up in every College hall under the vicechancellor's hand that no scholar abuse the soldiers..in the night watches that they keep at the Gild hall, Peniless Bench, and at most inns doores. 1693 London Gaz. No. 2893/1 Publick Programma's of his Expulsion [from Oxford University] are already Affixed in the three usual places. 1754 Def. Rector Exeter Coll. 13 We will recite the Vice-Chancellor's Programma at large. 1774–81 T. Warton Hist. Eng. Poetry II. xviii. 438 His [sc. Erasmus'] edition of the Greek new testament..was absolutely proscribed at Cambridge: and a programma was issued in one of the most ample colleges, threatening a severe fine. 1820 R. Southey Life Wesley I. 47 The vice-chancellor had, in a programma, exhorted the tutors to discharge their duty by double diligence. 1937 J. Whatmough Foundations Rom. Italy 395 We have a few late Oscan election-placards from Pompeii, evidently addressed to Oscan-speaking voters,..and similar to the well-known Latin programmata. 1958 W. R. Ward Georgian Oxford 170 In March he was summoned to London to render an account of his conduct, and soon afterwards a programma was issued expressing..the University's ‘abhorrence & detestation of such factious and seditious practices’. 1986 L. S. Sutherland & L. G. Mitchell Hist. Univ. Oxf. V. 436 The seniors were so uneasy at the signs..of deistic thinking by the undergraduates that the vice-chancellor..called a meeting in late November 1728 to publish a Programma condemning the ‘ill Designing Persons' who sought to implant such views’. †b. A public notice of the subjects to be treated in a course of lectures or studies in a university; a syllabus. Obsolete. rare. ΚΠ 1787 P. H. Maty tr. J. K. Riesbeck Trav. Germany III. lix. 143 When a young man comes here they commonly lay a Programma [Ger. einen Plan] before him, in which all the arts are disposed according to their natural order. c. A public notice relating to a function or celebration about to take place, with a list of the proceedings in order; (hence) a prospectus, agenda, programme (programme n. 3). Now historical. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > intention > planning > [noun] > arranging > planned series of events or programme > prospectus, programme, or syllabus programma1789 programme1799 1789 M. Madan New Transl. Juvenal & Persius 327 A programma, a kind of play-bill, which was stuck up, as ours are, in a morning. 1815 J. C. Hobhouse Substance Lett. (1816) I. 400 A programma of the fête [in France], together with the order from the minister of police was fixed to the walls. 1820 T. Mitchell tr. Aristophanes Knights in tr. Aristophanes Comedies I. 227 The Prytanes..before the meeting set up a programma in some place of general concourse, in which were contained the matters that were to form the subject of consideration at the ensuing Assembly. 1990 A. A. Burn Penguin Hist. Greece 239 The Council drew up the programma or order-paper, which might include detailed recommendations. †2. A written preface or introduction; (in plural) prefatory remarks, prolegomena. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > literature > a written composition > parts of a written composition > [noun] > prologue or introduction forespeechc1000 prologuec1350 proemya1382 preamblec1395 proemc1410 exordyc1430 prolocutory1447 protocolc1450 forespeaking1480 preface1484 prooemiumc1485 preparation1526 introduction1529 induction1533 introducement1536 epistle?1548 prelude1548 proposition1553 foretalk1565 exordium1581 prolegomenons1600 inducement1605 isagoge1652 propylaeum1693 programma1711 foreword1842 foretalking1872 programme1880 pronaos1894 peritext1977 epitext1978 1711 tr. S. Werenfels Disc. Meteors Stile in tr. S. Werenfels Disc. Logomachys 210 Prefaces, Inscriptions, and Programmata [L. programmatibus] abound with Phrases..worthy Cedar and Gold. 1715 T. Hearne in Remarks & Coll. (1857) I. 334 D^r. Gardiner..in a silly programma he hath published. 1761 T. Warton Life Bathurst 218 [Dr. Bathurst's] programma, on preaching..is an agreeable and lively piece of writing. 1883 J. R. Harris Stichometry (1893) 36 The peculiar features of the arrangement of his [sc. Euthalius's] text are prefaces, programmata, lists of quotations with reference to the authors..from whom they come. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.a1661
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