prosthesisn.

Brit.

/(ˌ)prɒsˈθiːsɪs/,

/prəsˈθiːsɪs/, U.S.

/prɑsˈθisəs/ (in sense 2)Brit.

/prɒsˈθiːsɪs/

Inflections: Plural prostheses.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin prosthesis.

Etymology: < post-classical Latin prosthesis addition of a letter or syllable, usually at the beginning of a word (4th cent.) < ancient Greek πρόσθεσις addition, in Hellenistic Greek also addition of a letter or syllable < πρός to (see prosody n.) + θέσις placing (see thesis n.), after προστιθέναι to put to, add. Compare French prosthèse (1638 in medical use, now usually prothèse (see prothesis n.), 1765 in grammatical use), Portuguese próstese (1540 in grammatical use). Compare prothesis n.The idea that a prosthetic letter or syllable was added specifically to the beginning of a word may have arisen from association of ancient Greek προς- to (see above) with προ- before (see pro- prefix²); compare πρόθεσις prothesis n. 1.

1. Grammar. The addition of a letter or syllable to the beginning of a word. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > linguistics > study of speech sound > speech sound > [noun] > insertion of parasitic sound > prosthesis

prosthesis1550

prothesis1616

1550 R. Sherry Treat. Schemes & Tropes sig. Bv^v Appositio, apposicion, the putting to, eyther of letter or sillable at the begynnyng of a worde. [margin] Prosthesis.

1553 T. Wilson Arte of Rhetorique iii. f. 94 Prosthesis. Of Addition. As thus. He did all to berattle hym. Wherein appereth that a sillable is added to this vorde [sic] (rattle).

1656 J. Smith Myst. Rhetorique Unvail'd 170 Prosthesis... A figure (contrary to Aphæresis) whereby a letter or syllable is added to the beginning of a word.

1766 J. Cleland Way to Things by Words 63 The letter v being only an entative, or redundant prosthesis, of which, even in the Greek, there is an example.

1876 T. Le M. Douse Grimm's Law 208 ‘Prosthesis’ belongs to a..class of terms..denoting arbitrary processes, whose intrusion into the realm of language should be viewed with..suspicion.

1880 A. H. Sayce Introd. Sci. of Lang. I. 317 The insertion..of vowels..goes under the technical name of Swarabhakti... Prosthesis, or prothesis..is another illustration of Swarabhakti.

1995 Lang. in Society 24 551 This example of prosthesis may be a strategy for avoiding empty onsets where no resyllabification is possible.

a. The replacement of defective or absent parts of the body by artificial substitutes; a branch of surgery, medicine, or dentistry concerned with this; = prosthetics n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > healing > medical treatment > surgery > prosthesis > [noun]

prosthesis1706

prothesis1707

autoprothesis1881

prosthetics1894

1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) (at cited word) In Surgery Prosthesis is taken for that which fills up what is wanting, as is to be seen in fistulous and hollow Ulcers, filled up with Flesh by that Art: Also the making of artificial Legs and Arms, when the natural ones are lost.

1710 tr. P. Dionis Course Chirurg. Operations 3 All Chirurgical Operations reduce themselves to four Sorts... The fourth, which is term'd Prosthesis, adds what is deficient.

1754 R. Brookes Introd. Physic & Surg. 190 Prosthesis is an Operation by which some Instrument is added to supply the Defect of a Part which is wanting, either naturally or accidentally.

1890 Lancet 25 Jan. 218/1 Two professors of prosthesis at the Dental School of Paris.

1941 Oakland (Calif.) Tribune 12 Oct. a16/3 Facial prosthesis would be of great value in war in rehabilitating of soldiers.

1975 Times 10 Oct. 21/4 Mention slag-based ceramics, meat tenderization, laryngeal prosthesis and soft-ground tunnelling machines and the technological cognoscenti will murmur ‘National Research Development Corporation’.

2002 Post Standard (Syracuse, N.Y.) 27 May b6/5 Dr. William Heetderks, program director for neural prosthesis at the National Institute of Health in Bethesda, Md.

b. An artificial replacement for a part of the body.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > healing > medical appliances or equipment > prosthesis or spare part > [noun]

prosthesis1900

spare part1944

1900 W. A. N. Dorland Amer. Illustr. Med. Dict. Prosthesis.., an artificial organ, such as an eye, leg, or denture.

1907 Lancet 18 May 1375/2 Among other objects to be shown will be instruments, prostheses, manuscripts, books..and the like.

1945 A. Thomas & C. C. Haddan Amputation Prosthesis vii. 262 If the leg amputee is to be a successful member of society he must first learn to walk and travel on his prosthesis.

1968 New Eng. Jrnl. Med. 18 Apr. 861/2 This antibiotic was used as a precautionary measure to forestall the development of..infection at the site of the insertion of the valve prosthesis.

1988 N. Bissoondath Casual Brutality xi. 235 On the ground beside him lay a pink plastic prosthesis, the lower half of a leg, the foot socked and shod.

1999 Independent 9 Dec. ii. 9/1 No more than 15 people in the world have so far undergone this revolutionary procedure—which involves what is called an intraocular retinal prosthesis.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	prosthesis
释义	prosthesisn. Brit. /(ˌ)prɒsˈθiːsɪs/, /prəsˈθiːsɪs/, U.S. /prɑsˈθisəs/ (in sense 2)Brit. /prɒsˈθiːsɪs/ Inflections: Plural prostheses. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin prosthesis. Etymology: < post-classical Latin prosthesis addition of a letter or syllable, usually at the beginning of a word (4th cent.) < ancient Greek πρόσθεσις addition, in Hellenistic Greek also addition of a letter or syllable < πρός to (see prosody n.) + θέσις placing (see thesis n.), after προστιθέναι to put to, add. Compare French prosthèse (1638 in medical use, now usually prothèse (see prothesis n.), 1765 in grammatical use), Portuguese próstese (1540 in grammatical use). Compare prothesis n.The idea that a prosthetic letter or syllable was added specifically to the beginning of a word may have arisen from association of ancient Greek προς- to (see above) with προ- before (see pro- prefix²); compare πρόθεσις prothesis n. 1. 1. Grammar. The addition of a letter or syllable to the beginning of a word. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > linguistics > study of speech sound > speech sound > [noun] > insertion of parasitic sound > prosthesis prosthesis1550 prothesis1616 1550 R. Sherry Treat. Schemes & Tropes sig. Bv^v Appositio, apposicion, the putting to, eyther of letter or sillable at the begynnyng of a worde. [margin] Prosthesis. 1553 T. Wilson Arte of Rhetorique iii. f. 94 Prosthesis. Of Addition. As thus. He did all to berattle hym. Wherein appereth that a sillable is added to this vorde [sic] (rattle). 1656 J. Smith Myst. Rhetorique Unvail'd 170 Prosthesis... A figure (contrary to Aphæresis) whereby a letter or syllable is added to the beginning of a word. 1766 J. Cleland Way to Things by Words 63 The letter v being only an entative, or redundant prosthesis, of which, even in the Greek, there is an example. 1876 T. Le M. Douse Grimm's Law 208 ‘Prosthesis’ belongs to a..class of terms..denoting arbitrary processes, whose intrusion into the realm of language should be viewed with..suspicion. 1880 A. H. Sayce Introd. Sci. of Lang. I. 317 The insertion..of vowels..goes under the technical name of Swarabhakti... Prosthesis, or prothesis..is another illustration of Swarabhakti. 1995 Lang. in Society 24 551 This example of prosthesis may be a strategy for avoiding empty onsets where no resyllabification is possible. 2. a. The replacement of defective or absent parts of the body by artificial substitutes; a branch of surgery, medicine, or dentistry concerned with this; = prosthetics n. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > medical treatment > surgery > prosthesis > [noun] prosthesis1706 prothesis1707 autoprothesis1881 prosthetics1894 1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) (at cited word) In Surgery Prosthesis is taken for that which fills up what is wanting, as is to be seen in fistulous and hollow Ulcers, filled up with Flesh by that Art: Also the making of artificial Legs and Arms, when the natural ones are lost. 1710 tr. P. Dionis Course Chirurg. Operations 3 All Chirurgical Operations reduce themselves to four Sorts... The fourth, which is term'd Prosthesis, adds what is deficient. 1754 R. Brookes Introd. Physic & Surg. 190 Prosthesis is an Operation by which some Instrument is added to supply the Defect of a Part which is wanting, either naturally or accidentally. 1890 Lancet 25 Jan. 218/1 Two professors of prosthesis at the Dental School of Paris. 1941 Oakland (Calif.) Tribune 12 Oct. a16/3 Facial prosthesis would be of great value in war in rehabilitating of soldiers. 1975 Times 10 Oct. 21/4 Mention slag-based ceramics, meat tenderization, laryngeal prosthesis and soft-ground tunnelling machines and the technological cognoscenti will murmur ‘National Research Development Corporation’. 2002 Post Standard (Syracuse, N.Y.) 27 May b6/5 Dr. William Heetderks, program director for neural prosthesis at the National Institute of Health in Bethesda, Md. b. An artificial replacement for a part of the body. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > medical appliances or equipment > prosthesis or spare part > [noun] prosthesis1900 spare part1944 1900 W. A. N. Dorland Amer. Illustr. Med. Dict. Prosthesis.., an artificial organ, such as an eye, leg, or denture. 1907 Lancet 18 May 1375/2 Among other objects to be shown will be instruments, prostheses, manuscripts, books..and the like. 1945 A. Thomas & C. C. Haddan Amputation Prosthesis vii. 262 If the leg amputee is to be a successful member of society he must first learn to walk and travel on his prosthesis. 1968 New Eng. Jrnl. Med. 18 Apr. 861/2 This antibiotic was used as a precautionary measure to forestall the development of..infection at the site of the insertion of the valve prosthesis. 1988 N. Bissoondath Casual Brutality xi. 235 On the ground beside him lay a pink plastic prosthesis, the lower half of a leg, the foot socked and shod. 1999 Independent 9 Dec. ii. 9/1 No more than 15 people in the world have so far undergone this revolutionary procedure—which involves what is called an intraocular retinal prosthesis. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1550
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