profundaladj.n.

Brit.

/prəˈfʌndl/, U.S.

/prəˈfənd(ə)l/,

/proʊˈfənd(ə)l/

Origin: Apparently a borrowing from Latin, combined with an English element; probably modelled on a German lexical item. Etymons: Latin profundus , -al suffix¹.

Etymology: Apparently < classical Latin profundus profound adj. + -al suffix¹, probably after German Profundal, noun (1911 in the work translated in quot. 1914 at sense A., apparently referring to earlier use by Häckel).

Ecology.

A. adj.

Designating or relating to regions of the water and bed of a lake where light penetration is insufficient to sustain photosynthesis.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > water > lake > [adjective] > bed of

profundal1914

1914 Bot. Gaz. 58 449 Only the larger plants are discussed here, the plankton and the profundal benthos being omitted.

1931 Ecol. Monogr. 1 233 In fresh-water lakes few animals have proved themselves capable of living in that unusual habitat, the anaerobic profundal zone of the lake bottom.

1965 B. E. Freeman tr. A. Vandel Biospeleol. i. 9 The profundal regions of lakes..constitute an environment similar to the subterranean media.

1991 R. S. K. Barnes & K. H. Mann Fund. Aquatic Ecol. (ed. 2) iv. 77/1 The profundal zone in a lake extends from below the thermocline to the deepest depths of the basin.

B. n.

The profundal region of a lake.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > water > lake > [noun] > bed of

beda1586

profundal1961

1931 Ecol. Monogr. 1 245 In Third Sister Lake the three major benthic zones have the following approximate extent: littoral, 0–3 m.; sublittoral, 3–10 m.; profundal, 10–18 m.

1961 Ekol. Polska A. 9 352 A total of 2300 samples was taken from the profundal of Lake Tajty.

1998 Limnol. & Oceanogr. 43 699/1 The three habitats are profundal, littoral weedbed and littoral sandy.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	profundal
释义	profundaladj.n. Brit. /prəˈfʌndl/, U.S. /prəˈfənd(ə)l/, /proʊˈfənd(ə)l/ Origin: Apparently a borrowing from Latin, combined with an English element; probably modelled on a German lexical item. Etymons: Latin profundus , -al suffix¹. Etymology: Apparently < classical Latin profundus profound adj. + -al suffix¹, probably after German Profundal, noun (1911 in the work translated in quot. 1914 at sense A., apparently referring to earlier use by Häckel). Ecology. A. adj. Designating or relating to regions of the water and bed of a lake where light penetration is insufficient to sustain photosynthesis. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > water > lake > [adjective] > bed of profundal1914 1914 Bot. Gaz. 58 449 Only the larger plants are discussed here, the plankton and the profundal benthos being omitted. 1931 Ecol. Monogr. 1 233 In fresh-water lakes few animals have proved themselves capable of living in that unusual habitat, the anaerobic profundal zone of the lake bottom. 1965 B. E. Freeman tr. A. Vandel Biospeleol. i. 9 The profundal regions of lakes..constitute an environment similar to the subterranean media. 1991 R. S. K. Barnes & K. H. Mann Fund. Aquatic Ecol. (ed. 2) iv. 77/1 The profundal zone in a lake extends from below the thermocline to the deepest depths of the basin. B. n. The profundal region of a lake. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > water > lake > [noun] > bed of beda1586 profundal1961 1931 Ecol. Monogr. 1 245 In Third Sister Lake the three major benthic zones have the following approximate extent: littoral, 0–3 m.; sublittoral, 3–10 m.; profundal, 10–18 m. 1961 Ekol. Polska A. 9 352 A total of 2300 samples was taken from the profundal of Lake Tajty. 1998 Limnol. & Oceanogr. 43 699/1 The three habitats are profundal, littoral weedbed and littoral sandy. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.n.1914
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