profanationn.

Brit.

/ˌprɒfəˈneɪʃn/, U.S.

/ˌprɑfəˈneɪʃ(ə)n/

Forms: 1500s prophanacion, 1500s–1700s prophanation, 1500s– profanation, 1600s prophanacon; Scottish pre-1700 profaination, pre-1700 profanatioun, pre-1700 prophaination, pre-1700 prophanacion, pre-1700 prophanacon, pre-1700 prophanatione, pre-1700 prophanatioun, pre-1700 prophanatioune, pre-1700 1700s prophanation, pre-1700 1700s– profanation.

Origin: Either (i) a borrowing from French. Or (ii) a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French profanation; Latin profanation-, profanatio.

Etymology: < Middle French prophanation, profanation action or an act or profaning (1433; French profanation ) or its etymon post-classical Latin profanation-, profanatio (late 2nd or early 3rd cent. in Tertullian; Vetus Latina) < classical Latin profānāt- , past participial stem of profānāre profane v. + -iō -ion suffix¹. Compare Spanish profanación (1493), Italian profanazione (1572), and also German Profanation (1571).

1. The action or an act of profaning; desecration or violation of that which is held to be sacred; defilement.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > worship > sacrilege > [noun]

sacrilegea1300

sacrilegyc1380

pollutiona1382

violation1461

profanation1536

dishallowing1562

exauguration1600

desecrationa1717

profanement1815

1536 R. Taverner tr. P. Melanchthon Apol. sig. Z.iiij^v, in Confessyon Fayth Germaynes Howe muche euyl is there amonge our aduersaries in the prophanation and abusing of Masses?

1562 T. Cooper Answere Def. Truth f. 6, in Apol. Priuate Masse Any christian hart may rather yerne and lamente to remember so vngodly prophanation of the holy Sacrament.

1631 W. Gouge Gods Three Arrowes iii. §80. 336 Profanation of holy things..manifesteth a disrespect of God himselfe.

1685 R. Baxter Paraphr. New Test. 1 Cor. xi. 34 Lest your prophanation of so holy a thing bring down God's Judgments on you.

1706 G. Stanhope Paraphr. Epist. & Gospels III. 351 His Resentment of the Profanations committed upon the Temple.

1790 E. Burke Refl. Revol. in France 136 To preserve the structure from prophanation and ruin.

1803 R. Hall Wks. (1833) I. 176 In no nation..has the profanation of sacred terms been so prevalent.

1850 R. W. Emerson Swedenborg in Representative Men iii. 138 That pure malignity can exist, is the extreme proposition of unbelief..it is atheism; it is the last profanation.

1877 J. A. Froude Short Stud. (1883) IV. i. xi. 131 A wall was built round the tomb to protect it from profanation.

1910 Encycl. Brit. I. 77/2 Calvinists allowed these to communicate in the species of bread only, touching the cup with their lip; a course which was deemed a profanation by the Lutherans.

1949 ‘G. A. Birmingham’ Laura's Bishop 141 ‘An Old-fashioned Christian’ protested against the use of Hymns Ancient or Modern in industrial disputes, a profanation of a sacred book.

1991 Past & Present Aug. 50 Successive acts against swearing and cursing, against drunkenness and against the profanation of the sabbath, required the testimony of merely a single witness for proof.

2. In extended use: the degradation of anything considered worthy of reverence or respect; a cheapening or vulgarization of something.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disrespect > irreverence > [noun] > desecration or profanation

sacrilege1390

violation1461

violating1523

profaning1547

profanation1588

temeration1641

desecrationa1717

the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disrepute > damage to reputation > degrading or debasement > [noun] > degrading by familiarity

profanation1588

1588 ‘M. Marprelate’ Oh read ouer D. Iohn Bridges: Epist. 54 You haue ioyned the prophanation of the magistracie, to the corruption of the ministerie.

a1631 J. Donne Poems (1650) 41 'Twere prophanation of our joyes To tell the layitie our love.

1710 Ld. Shaftesbury Soliloquy 168 The Prince..abhor'd the Profanation offer'd to his Sovereign-Empress.

1780 W. Cowper Table Talk 758 [Poetry] Distorted from its use and just design, To make the pitiful possessor shine,..Is profanation of the basest kind.

1825 S. T. Coleridge Aids Refl. 54 About this time too the profanation of the word, Love, rose to its height.

1862 J. H. Burton Book-hunter (1863) 225 This morbid terror of the profanation of the treasures committed to their charge.

1897 B. Stoker Dracula iv. 50 Sincerity! It seems like a profanation of the word to write it in connection with such a monster.

1953 E. Jones Sigmund Freud I. Pref. p. ix I can scarcely imagine a greater profanation of one's respect for him than to present an idealized portrait of someone remote from humanity.

1973 H. L. Nieburg Culture Storm vii. 132 Many of the highly imaginative profanations of the cultural revolution of the 1960s were invented by Ken Kesey and his Merry Pranksters.

1998 N.Y. Times Bk. Rev. 16 Aug. 9/1 A remark of the Italian architect Renzo Piano..that the pursuit of popularity by museum designers could lead to the ‘profanation’ of art.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	profanation
释义	profanationn. Brit. /ˌprɒfəˈneɪʃn/, U.S. /ˌprɑfəˈneɪʃ(ə)n/ Forms: 1500s prophanacion, 1500s–1700s prophanation, 1500s– profanation, 1600s prophanacon; Scottish pre-1700 profaination, pre-1700 profanatioun, pre-1700 prophaination, pre-1700 prophanacion, pre-1700 prophanacon, pre-1700 prophanatione, pre-1700 prophanatioun, pre-1700 prophanatioune, pre-1700 1700s prophanation, pre-1700 1700s– profanation. Origin: Either (i) a borrowing from French. Or (ii) a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French profanation; Latin profanation-, profanatio. Etymology: < Middle French prophanation, profanation action or an act or profaning (1433; French profanation ) or its etymon post-classical Latin profanation-, profanatio (late 2nd or early 3rd cent. in Tertullian; Vetus Latina) < classical Latin profānāt- , past participial stem of profānāre profane v. + -iō -ion suffix¹. Compare Spanish profanación (1493), Italian profanazione (1572), and also German Profanation (1571). 1. The action or an act of profaning; desecration or violation of that which is held to be sacred; defilement. ΘΚΠ society > faith > worship > sacrilege > [noun] sacrilegea1300 sacrilegyc1380 pollutiona1382 violation1461 profanation1536 dishallowing1562 exauguration1600 desecrationa1717 profanement1815 1536 R. Taverner tr. P. Melanchthon Apol. sig. Z.iiij^v, in Confessyon Fayth Germaynes Howe muche euyl is there amonge our aduersaries in the prophanation and abusing of Masses? 1562 T. Cooper Answere Def. Truth f. 6, in Apol. Priuate Masse Any christian hart may rather yerne and lamente to remember so vngodly prophanation of the holy Sacrament. 1631 W. Gouge Gods Three Arrowes iii. §80. 336 Profanation of holy things..manifesteth a disrespect of God himselfe. 1685 R. Baxter Paraphr. New Test. 1 Cor. xi. 34 Lest your prophanation of so holy a thing bring down God's Judgments on you. 1706 G. Stanhope Paraphr. Epist. & Gospels III. 351 His Resentment of the Profanations committed upon the Temple. 1790 E. Burke Refl. Revol. in France 136 To preserve the structure from prophanation and ruin. View more context for this quotation 1803 R. Hall Wks. (1833) I. 176 In no nation..has the profanation of sacred terms been so prevalent. 1850 R. W. Emerson Swedenborg in Representative Men iii. 138 That pure malignity can exist, is the extreme proposition of unbelief..it is atheism; it is the last profanation. 1877 J. A. Froude Short Stud. (1883) IV. i. xi. 131 A wall was built round the tomb to protect it from profanation. 1910 Encycl. Brit. I. 77/2 Calvinists allowed these to communicate in the species of bread only, touching the cup with their lip; a course which was deemed a profanation by the Lutherans. 1949 ‘G. A. Birmingham’ Laura's Bishop 141 ‘An Old-fashioned Christian’ protested against the use of Hymns Ancient or Modern in industrial disputes, a profanation of a sacred book. 1991 Past & Present Aug. 50 Successive acts against swearing and cursing, against drunkenness and against the profanation of the sabbath, required the testimony of merely a single witness for proof. 2. In extended use: the degradation of anything considered worthy of reverence or respect; a cheapening or vulgarization of something. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disrespect > irreverence > [noun] > desecration or profanation sacrilege1390 violation1461 violating1523 profaning1547 profanation1588 temeration1641 desecrationa1717 the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disrepute > damage to reputation > degrading or debasement > [noun] > degrading by familiarity profanation1588 1588 ‘M. Marprelate’ Oh read ouer D. Iohn Bridges: Epist. 54 You haue ioyned the prophanation of the magistracie, to the corruption of the ministerie. a1631 J. Donne Poems (1650) 41 'Twere prophanation of our joyes To tell the layitie our love. 1710 Ld. Shaftesbury Soliloquy 168 The Prince..abhor'd the Profanation offer'd to his Sovereign-Empress. 1780 W. Cowper Table Talk 758 [Poetry] Distorted from its use and just design, To make the pitiful possessor shine,..Is profanation of the basest kind. 1825 S. T. Coleridge Aids Refl. 54 About this time too the profanation of the word, Love, rose to its height. 1862 J. H. Burton Book-hunter (1863) 225 This morbid terror of the profanation of the treasures committed to their charge. 1897 B. Stoker Dracula iv. 50 Sincerity! It seems like a profanation of the word to write it in connection with such a monster. 1953 E. Jones Sigmund Freud I. Pref. p. ix I can scarcely imagine a greater profanation of one's respect for him than to present an idealized portrait of someone remote from humanity. 1973 H. L. Nieburg Culture Storm vii. 132 Many of the highly imaginative profanations of the cultural revolution of the 1960s were invented by Ken Kesey and his Merry Pranksters. 1998 N.Y. Times Bk. Rev. 16 Aug. 9/1 A remark of the Italian architect Renzo Piano..that the pursuit of popularity by museum designers could lead to the ‘profanation’ of art. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1536
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