productivityn.

Brit.

/ˌprɒdʌkˈtɪvᵻti/, U.S.

/ˌprɑdəkˈtɪvᵻdi/,

/ˌproʊdəkˈtɪvᵻdi/

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: productive adj., -ity suffix.

Etymology: < productive adj. + -ity suffix. Compare post-classical Latin productivitas creative power (c1360 in a British source), French productivité (1840). Compare earlier productiveness n.

1. The state or quality of being productive; = productiveness n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > existence and causation > creation > productiveness > [noun]

plenteoustea1382

fatnessc1420

feracityc1420

fruitfulheadc1450

fruitfulness1509

exuberancy1649

unbarrenness1656

efficience1669

teemingness1674

prolificity1718

generativeness1727

productiveness1727

prolificacy1756

productivity1818

fructuousness1855

teeming1856

plenteousness1864

populousness1881

fruition1885

the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > earth or soil > soil qualities > [noun] > soil as source of growth > fertility or richness

fecundityc1420

fertility1490

pregnance?1533

fatness1555

battleness1598

pride1603

lust1605

pregnancy1615

pinguity1623

generousness1695

productivity1865

1818 S. T. Coleridge Friend (new ed.) III. xi. 250 Its own productivity would have remained for ever hidden from itself.

1865 W. E. H. Lecky Hist. Rationalism (1878) II. 347 A sign of the limited productivity of the soil.

1898 L. Stephen Stud. of Biographer II. i. 29 A publisher..doing all in his power to stimulate the productivity of an author.

1942 Internat. Jrnl. Psycho-anal. 23 9/2 The connection between her phantasies about internalized objects and her artistic productivity.

1989 P. Mailloux Hesitation before Birth 571 As for Brad, his energy and productivity remained unflagging to the end.

2003 Gleaner (Kingston, Jamaica) 4 Oct. c 4/2 Socio-cultural practices which affect the productivity of the soil.

2. Economics. The effectiveness of productive effort, especially in industry, as measured in terms of the rate of output (of goods, products, etc.) per unit of input (of labour, materials, equipment, etc.). Also in extended use.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > industry > manufacture or production > [noun] > rate or efficiency of work

productivity1876

1876 Labor Standard (N.Y.) 30 Sept. 2/3 (heading) Productivity of Labor.

1899 J. B. Clark Distrib. Wealth iv. 49 We have said that the specific productivity of labor fixes wages... In like manner, the specific productivity of capital fixes interest.

1930 Economist 18 Jan. 107/2 Still, if productivity has risen high, profits have not followed suit.

1957 Introd. Work Study (Internat. Labour Office) i. 5 Productivity..is..the arithmetical ratio between the amount produced and the amount of the resources used in the course of production.

1970 Physics Bull. July 291/1 The ‘productivity’ of the Council has also edged up, with the subject boards considering more courses at fewer meetings.

1990 Sci. Amer. June 55/1 Productivity is the holy grail of competitive industries.

2002 Observer 13 Oct. i. 15/2 Recent US research attributed between 30 and 40 per cent of lost productivity to ‘cyber-loafing’ at work.

3. Ecology. The rate of production of new biomass by an individual, population, or community; the fertility or capacity of a given habitat or area.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > laboratory analysis > measure > [noun] > rate

R1841

productivity1881

fusion frequency1924

mutation rate1930

turnover rate1943

1881 T. H. Huxley in Proc. Royal Soc. 33 386 The above numerical estimate of the productivity of Saprolegnia, has been adopted merely for the sake of illustration.

1908 J. Johnstone Conditions of Life in Sea ix. 179 It is much more difficult to attempt..estimations of the productivity of a sea area, than merely to attempt to ascertain the mass of life at one particular time.

1934 Q. Rev. Biol. 9 175/2 Along the Southern California coast the greatest productivity is..within fifty miles of shore.

1953 E. P. Odum Fund. Ecol. iv. 82 It is important to distinguish between the basic or primary productivity on the one hand and consumer or secondary productivity on the other.

1970 W. D. Russell-Hunter Aquatic Productivity xii. 226 This primary productivity of the oceans..amounts to considerably more than half of the primary productivity of the entire world.

1990 New Scientist 6 Jan. 29/1 Productivity is a measure of the rate at which plants assimilate carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and transform it to carbohydrates using energy from sunlight.

Compounds

attributive (chiefly in sense 2).

productivity agreement n.

ΚΠ

1963 Times 22 Jan. 5/5 There are three sections to the productivity agreement, two providing for greater flexibility in overtime and shift working, and the third..concerning labour practices during ‘shut-downs’.

1997 Jrnl. Econ. Hist. 57 432 Efforts to secure more limited productivity agreements had failed.

productivity deal n.

ΚΠ

1966 Times 2 Aug. 9/3 The productivity deal for bakery workers, which would give them a £1 16s. 9d. rise next Friday.

1994 Trans. Inst. Brit. Geographers 19 475/2 Employers..have been pushing for a more decentralized system of industrial relations, especially in the determination of wages, work practices and productivity deals.

productivity measure n.

ΚΠ

1939 Jrnl. Amer. Statist. Assoc. 34 332 I used the national income produced series as the numerator and aggregates of the several groups of income recipients as the denominator in computing the ‘productivity’ measures.

1959 J. W. Kendrick Wages, Prices, Profits & Productivity (Amer. Assembly, Columbia Univ.) ii. 39 The most commonly used productivity measure is ‘output per man-hour’.

2001 Jrnl. Higher Educ. 72 388 Attention turned away from departments as units..and toward individual faculty performance on productivity measures.

productivity growth n.

ΚΠ

1949 Rev. Econ. Stud. 16 194 The enormous importance of productivity growth and inventions and innovations.

2003 Prospect Sept. 12/1 Europe-bashers also claim that America enjoys markedly faster productivity growth.

productivity team n.

ΚΠ

1949 Times 21 Feb. 2/5 The joint secretaries to the United Kingdom section of the Anglo-American Council announce that the first productivity team will be drawn from the steelfounding industry.

1987 Industr. & Labor Relations Rev. 40 492/1 Productivity teams from all over the world were visiting the United States to learn the secrets of our know-how.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	productivity
释义	productivityn. Brit. /ˌprɒdʌkˈtɪvᵻti/, U.S. /ˌprɑdəkˈtɪvᵻdi/, /ˌproʊdəkˈtɪvᵻdi/ Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: productive adj., -ity suffix. Etymology: < productive adj. + -ity suffix. Compare post-classical Latin productivitas creative power (c1360 in a British source), French productivité (1840). Compare earlier productiveness n. 1. The state or quality of being productive; = productiveness n. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > creation > productiveness > [noun] plenteoustea1382 fatnessc1420 feracityc1420 fruitfulheadc1450 fruitfulness1509 exuberancy1649 unbarrenness1656 efficience1669 teemingness1674 prolificity1718 generativeness1727 productiveness1727 prolificacy1756 productivity1818 fructuousness1855 teeming1856 plenteousness1864 populousness1881 fruition1885 the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > earth or soil > soil qualities > [noun] > soil as source of growth > fertility or richness fecundityc1420 fertility1490 pregnance?1533 fatness1555 battleness1598 pride1603 lust1605 pregnancy1615 pinguity1623 generousness1695 productivity1865 1818 S. T. Coleridge Friend (new ed.) III. xi. 250 Its own productivity would have remained for ever hidden from itself. 1865 W. E. H. Lecky Hist. Rationalism (1878) II. 347 A sign of the limited productivity of the soil. 1898 L. Stephen Stud. of Biographer II. i. 29 A publisher..doing all in his power to stimulate the productivity of an author. 1942 Internat. Jrnl. Psycho-anal. 23 9/2 The connection between her phantasies about internalized objects and her artistic productivity. 1989 P. Mailloux Hesitation before Birth 571 As for Brad, his energy and productivity remained unflagging to the end. 2003 Gleaner (Kingston, Jamaica) 4 Oct. c 4/2 Socio-cultural practices which affect the productivity of the soil. 2. Economics. The effectiveness of productive effort, especially in industry, as measured in terms of the rate of output (of goods, products, etc.) per unit of input (of labour, materials, equipment, etc.). Also in extended use. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > manufacture or production > [noun] > rate or efficiency of work productivity1876 1876 Labor Standard (N.Y.) 30 Sept. 2/3 (heading) Productivity of Labor. 1899 J. B. Clark Distrib. Wealth iv. 49 We have said that the specific productivity of labor fixes wages... In like manner, the specific productivity of capital fixes interest. 1930 Economist 18 Jan. 107/2 Still, if productivity has risen high, profits have not followed suit. 1957 Introd. Work Study (Internat. Labour Office) i. 5 Productivity..is..the arithmetical ratio between the amount produced and the amount of the resources used in the course of production. 1970 Physics Bull. July 291/1 The ‘productivity’ of the Council has also edged up, with the subject boards considering more courses at fewer meetings. 1990 Sci. Amer. June 55/1 Productivity is the holy grail of competitive industries. 2002 Observer 13 Oct. i. 15/2 Recent US research attributed between 30 and 40 per cent of lost productivity to ‘cyber-loafing’ at work. 3. Ecology. The rate of production of new biomass by an individual, population, or community; the fertility or capacity of a given habitat or area. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > laboratory analysis > measure > [noun] > rate R1841 productivity1881 fusion frequency1924 mutation rate1930 turnover rate1943 1881 T. H. Huxley in Proc. Royal Soc. 33 386 The above numerical estimate of the productivity of Saprolegnia, has been adopted merely for the sake of illustration. 1908 J. Johnstone Conditions of Life in Sea ix. 179 It is much more difficult to attempt..estimations of the productivity of a sea area, than merely to attempt to ascertain the mass of life at one particular time. 1934 Q. Rev. Biol. 9 175/2 Along the Southern California coast the greatest productivity is..within fifty miles of shore. 1953 E. P. Odum Fund. Ecol. iv. 82 It is important to distinguish between the basic or primary productivity on the one hand and consumer or secondary productivity on the other. 1970 W. D. Russell-Hunter Aquatic Productivity xii. 226 This primary productivity of the oceans..amounts to considerably more than half of the primary productivity of the entire world. 1990 New Scientist 6 Jan. 29/1 Productivity is a measure of the rate at which plants assimilate carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and transform it to carbohydrates using energy from sunlight. Compounds attributive (chiefly in sense 2). productivity agreement n. ΚΠ 1963 Times 22 Jan. 5/5 There are three sections to the productivity agreement, two providing for greater flexibility in overtime and shift working, and the third..concerning labour practices during ‘shut-downs’. 1997 Jrnl. Econ. Hist. 57 432 Efforts to secure more limited productivity agreements had failed. productivity deal n. ΚΠ 1966 Times 2 Aug. 9/3 The productivity deal for bakery workers, which would give them a £1 16s. 9d. rise next Friday. 1994 Trans. Inst. Brit. Geographers 19 475/2 Employers..have been pushing for a more decentralized system of industrial relations, especially in the determination of wages, work practices and productivity deals. productivity measure n. ΚΠ 1939 Jrnl. Amer. Statist. Assoc. 34 332 I used the national income produced series as the numerator and aggregates of the several groups of income recipients as the denominator in computing the ‘productivity’ measures. 1959 J. W. Kendrick Wages, Prices, Profits & Productivity (Amer. Assembly, Columbia Univ.) ii. 39 The most commonly used productivity measure is ‘output per man-hour’. 2001 Jrnl. Higher Educ. 72 388 Attention turned away from departments as units..and toward individual faculty performance on productivity measures. productivity growth n. ΚΠ 1949 Rev. Econ. Stud. 16 194 The enormous importance of productivity growth and inventions and innovations. 2003 Prospect Sept. 12/1 Europe-bashers also claim that America enjoys markedly faster productivity growth. productivity team n. ΚΠ 1949 Times 21 Feb. 2/5 The joint secretaries to the United Kingdom section of the Anglo-American Council announce that the first productivity team will be drawn from the steelfounding industry. 1987 Industr. & Labor Relations Rev. 40 492/1 Productivity teams from all over the world were visiting the United States to learn the secrets of our know-how. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1818
随便看	θ76556 θ76557 θ76558 θ76559 θ7656 θ76560 θ76561 θ76562 θ76563 θ76564 θ70126 θ70127 θ70128 θ70129 θ7013 θ70130 θ70131 θ70132 θ70133 θ70134 θ70135 θ70136 θ70137 θ70138 θ70139