productn.¹

Brit.

/ˈprɒdʌkt/, U.S.

/ˈprɑdək(t)/

Forms: late Middle English– product, 1500s producte.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin prōductum; Latin prōduct-, prōdūcere.

Etymology: Partly < classical Latin prōductum (only in plural, prōducta , denoting (in Stoic philosophy) things which, while falling short of absolute goodness, rise above the level of indifference, after ancient Greek προηγμένα ), in post-classical Latin also in mathematics (12th cent. in British sources; 13th cent. in Albertus Magnus Metaph. 5. 3. 6; compare sense 1), use as noun of neuter of past participle of prōdūcere produce v., and partly directly < classical Latin prōduct-, past participial stem of prōdūcere. Compare Middle French, French produit (1554, originally in mathematics), Spanish producto (1547), Italian prodotto (a1332); also German Produkt (1522 as product , originally in mathematics), Swedish produkt (1584). Compare earlier product adj.There is some evidence for a variant pronunciation with a long vowel in the first syllable in the 18th and 19th centuries.

1. Mathematics.

a. The quantity obtained by multiplying two or more quantities together. Also more widely: any of various other entities (as matrices, permutations, sets, tensors, vectors, etc.) obtained by certain defined processes of combination of two or more entities (the processes not necessarily being commutative and the entities combined not necessarily being of the same kind). Cf. sum n.¹ 5a(a).Formerly also (in quots. 1573, 1646): †the sum of two or more quantities (obsolete).inner, logical, outer, partial, scalar, vector product, etc.: see the first element.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > number > arithmetic or algebraic operations > [noun] > multiplication > result of, product

suma1425

pervenientc1450

productc1450

offcome1570

multiplication1586

ductate1610

factus1645

fact1664

factum1684

the world > existence and causation > creation > [noun] > production > product

blossomc1230

fodmea1325

burgeona1340

progenya1393

geniture?1440

fruitc1450

productionc1450

offspring1573

product1573

nursling1591

bantling1593

excrement1600

procedue1602

issuea1616

procedure1626

creature1651

produce1657

parturition1659

outbirth1663

sequel1669

brat1678

operation1774

outgoing1850

fruitling1876

c1450 Art Nombryng in R. Steele Earliest Arithm. in Eng. (1922) 40 (MED) Me may thervpone to assigne the 3 nombre, the whiche is clepede product or provenient, of takyng out of one fro another, as twyes 5 is 10.

?a1560 L. Digges Geom. Pract.: Pantometria (1571) i. viii. sig. D j ^v Multiplye the length..by 12. and the producte diuide by the partes in whiche you founde the threade.

1573 Record's Ground of Arts (rev. ed.) i. i. sig. H.vj If you had subtracted the vppermoste from y^e product or totall summe, than the residue thereof would bee equall to that middlemoste number.

1614 W. Bedwell De Numeris Geometricis ii. 25 The products of 12 by 2, and of 6 by 4, are equall.

1646 Sir T. Browne Pseudodoxia Epidemica vi. i. 277 If unto that summe [5509] be added 1645. the product will be 7154.

1752 A. Fletcher Universal Measurer ii. 91 Multiply the Square of the Diameter by ,7854 and the Product is the Area.

1827 O. Gregory Hutton's Course Math. (ed. 9) I. 4 A Compound Number is one which is the product of two or more numbers.

1892 F. N. Cole tr. E. Netto Theory Substitutions ii. 23 The substitution which results from the successive application of two or more substitutions we call their product.

1913 C. E. Cullis Matrices & Determinoids I. vi. 158 If A and B are any two matrices, the product AB is defined below to be a certain third matrix which is completely known when A and B are known.

1965 E. M. Patterson & D. E. Rutherford Elem. Abstr. Algebra ii. 35 Defining the product of two permutations in this way, we obtain a binary operation in the set of all permutations... It is not commutative.

1987 J. Millman & A. Grabel Microelectronics (ed. 2) vii. 270 The and operation ABC is sometimes called the product of A and B and C.

2000 Sciences July–Aug. 11/1 The strength of that force..is the product of the two masses, divided by the square of the distance between them, all multiplied by a constant.

b. product of inertia n. (also product of mobility) (of a body or system of bodies with respect to two given planes at right angles to each other or to the two axes perpendicular to such planes) the sum of the products formed by multiplying the mass of each element by the product of its distances from the two given planes.

ΚΠ

1873 J. C. Maxwell Treat. Electr. & Magnetism II. iv. 193 We may call the coefficients of the form Q₁₁ Moments of Mobility, and those of the form Q₁₂ Products of Mobility.

1877 B. Williamson Elem. Treat. Integral Calculus (ed. 3) x. §195 Σxydm, Σzxdm, Σyzdm are called the products of inertia relative to the same system of co-ordinate axes.

1964 Math. of Computation 18 571 We can obtain the integrals of harmonic functions over triangles. For example, the product of inertia can be obtained in this way.

1987 Proc. National Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 84 4703/2 The product of mobility for most materials in..magnetic fields typically allows most materials to have cyclotron orbits..before they scatter.

a. A thing generated or produced by, or as if by, nature or a natural process. Also (in collective sense): the produce of some being, thing, or process; offspring.

ΘΚΠ

the world > existence and causation > creation > [noun] > production > product > natural product or products

naturals1586

product1600

outgrowth1846

1600 W. Perkins Golden Chaine 26 In the assumption, we haue three things to consider: I. The difference of the two natures in Christ... II. The manner of vnion... III. The product of the Vnion.

1633 W. Prynne Histrio-mastix i. i. 16 Let this..now at last perswade all Christians, all Pagans,..forr to abominate them [sc. stage plays], as the very product of Satan, and the broode of Hell.

1653 H. More Antidote against Atheisme i. ii. iii. 54 He [sc. man] is the flower and chief of all the products of Nature upon this Globe of the Earth.

1725 E. Fenton in A. Pope et al. tr. Homer Odyssey I. iv. 64 The purest product of the chrystal springs.

1796 J. Aikin & A. L. Barbauld Evenings at Home VI. 132 Food is almost the spontaneous product of nature. The bread-fruit, the cocoa, the banana, and the plantain, offer their stores freely to the gatherer.

1813 R. Bakewell Introd. Geol. x. 253 Among the products of volcanoes we find only three substances which are combustible in the atmosphere.

1856 M. J. Holmes Homestead in Hillside ii. 123 The uncle with whom she boarded, received his pay in butter, cheese, potatoes, apples, and other commodities, which were the product of Capt. Howard's farm.

1892 B. F. Westcott Gospel of Life 10 The product of any particular seed is fixed within the limits of a type.

1920 Washington Post 19 July While it requires slightly more honey for preserving fruits, beekeepers can save money by using the product of bees, since the cost of manufacturing it is almost nothing.

1982 K. N. Sanecki Discovering Herbs (ed. 3) 48 The abuse of the product of this plant [sc. the opium poppy] has led to much human misery, but it has provided one of the greatest painkillers of all time—morphine.

1988 B. Cooper Alexander Kennedy Isbister i. i. 9 Mixed-blood products of the lawless bed were characteristically described as unsteady and turbulent.

†b. A quantity; a supply, provision, stock. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > supply > [noun] > that which is supplied > a supply

purveyance1340

substance?c1425

providencec1450

provisionc1451

furnish1500

supply1567

reply?1592

purvey?1615

product1647

sorting1785

1647 N. Bacon Hist. Disc. Govt. 51 A yeerly product of victuals or other service was reserved and allowed to the Saxon kings by the people.

1762 P. Murdoch tr. A. F. Büsching New Syst. Geogr. V. 438 Having down all along the Mayn also a good product of wine.

c. figurative. A thing generated or produced by a mental process or state.

ΘΚΠ

the world > existence and causation > creation > [noun] > production > product > of human art or activity

artifice1600

production1603

creationa1616

artefact1644

product1650

artefac1906

1650 R. Baxter Saints Everlasting Rest 848 Those who shall read these Heavenly Directions,..the fruit of my Studies, and the product of my fancy.

1682 J. Dryden Religio Laici 5 These Truths are not the product of thy Mind.

a1731 P. Aubin Lady Lucy (1739) iii. 109 These kind of Relations of Apparitions are looked upon by a great Part of the World as Fictions, and the Product of weak Brains.

1792 J. Belknap Foresters xvi. 203 This scheme, like some others, the product of his fruitful brain, has been hitherto attended with more cost than profit.

1862 H. Spencer First Princ. i. iv. §22 By analyzing either the product of thought, or the process of thought.

1894 H. Drummond Lowell Lect. Ascent of Man 171 Intellectual products common to both Animal and Man.

1927 Fitchburg (Mass.) Sentinel 5 Oct. This story isn't life; it is simply a product of my imagination.

1970 M. Lutyens Penguin Krishnamurti Reader 28 We shall see how there comes a tranquillity that is not a product of the mind.

1996 Salt Lake Tribune (Nexis) 12 Jan. d1 Prejudice is the product of fear and only knowledge can banish both.

3. A substance formed in a chemical or nuclear reaction. See also by-product n., end-product n. 1.In early use (with sense ‘something produced by a natural reaction or process’) not properly distinguished from 2a.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > chemistry > chemical reactions or processes > [noun] > chemical reactions or processes (named) > decomposition > a compound formed during

producta1626

educt1780

a1626 Dr. Meverel in Baconiana (1679) 110 Gold with Quicksilver easily mixeth, but the product is imperfectly fixed; and so are all other Metals incorporate with Mercury.

1665 R. Hooke Micrographia xiii. 87 Fifthly, to make Compositions and Coagulations of several Salts together into the same mass, to observe of what Figure the product of them would be.

1759 W. Lewis tr. C. Neumann Chem. Wks. i. 109 By this troublesome operation I obtained the product intended by the author, although it was not properly a Sublimate, having remained in the retort after sublimation.

1807 T. Thomson Syst. Chem. (ed. 3) II. 434 The products of the combustion, besides the soot, are water and carbonic acid.

1874 R. Brown Man. Bot. iii. xii. 541 Among other gaseous products given off during germination may be mentioned carbonic oxide (CO), marsh gas (CH₄), ammonia (NH₃), and nitrogen (N).

1913 Chem. News 28 Feb. 97/2 The parent of ionium, the product in the uranium series corresponding with radio-thorium in the thorium series, is still experimentally unknown.

1955 B. C. L. Kemp Elem. Org. Chem. (new ed.) xvi. 227 With hot concentrated sulphuric acid, a similar substitution occurs, the product being benzene sulphonic acid.

1989 C. Caufield Multiple Exposures (1990) ix. 77 Any uranium deposit will contain traces of uranium's radioactive decay products, including thorium, radium, polonium, lead, and radon.

2001 School Sci. Rev. Dec. 100/1 Hydrogen peroxide is..formed in cells as a secondary product of several metabolic reactions.

4. That which results from the operation of a cause, or is produced by a particular set of circumstances; a consequence, effect. Now also: a person whose character and identity have been formed by a particular period or situation.

ΘΚΠ

the world > existence and causation > causation > effect, result, or consequence > [noun]

proofc1330

worka1382

workinga1382

consequentc1386

effectc1390

processa1400

consequencec1400

sequel1477

efficacea1492

operation1525

branch1526

efficacy1549

trial1559

ensuing1561

repercussion1603

success1606

productiona1610

salutation1609

succeedinga1616

pursuancea1626

spawna1631

income1635

result1638

importance1645

consequency1651

product1651

causal1652

causate1656

consectary1659

propter hoc1671

inference1673

corollary1674

resultment1683

produce1698

recussion1754

development1803

suitea1806

eventuation1813

sequent1838

sequence1853

causatum1879

sequela1883

ramification1925

1651 R. Baxter Plain Script. Proof Infants Church-membership & Baptism 218 Dueness of Reward or Punishment is the immediate Product of Promise or Threatening.

1681 J. Scott Christian Life: Pt. I iii. §1 106 'Tis true indeed the immediate product of this sort of Virtues is..the Happiness of Rest and Indolence.

1719 R. Savage Love in Veil v. ii. 67 The reverse of Friendship is the Product of a degenerate Age.

1783 H. Blair Lect. Rhetoric I. xiv. 274 They [sc. figures of speech] are not..the mere product of study: on the contrary, the most illiterate speak in figures.

1825 J. K. Paulding John Bull in Amer. xiii. 149 This insolent familiarity is another of the precious products of the turbulent spirit of democracy.

1846 W. R. Grove On Correlation Physical Forces 39 Heat is an immediate product of chemical affinity.

1874 J. R. Green Short Hist. Eng. People v. §1. 214 The long French romances were the product of an age of wealth and ease.

1933 S. Walker Night Club Era 147 Winchell is..the product of his period as surely as prohibition and the night clubs and the tommy-guns.

1982 R. Sheppard & M. Valpy National Deal v. 83 Joe Clark believed that the majority Quebec view was not the product of a ‘ghetto mentality.’ Rather, it was shaped by cultural pride.

2005 T. Hall Salaam Brick Lane v. 99 She was the product of a tumultuous childhood that had begun in New York's notorious Bronx.

a. An object produced by a particular action or process; the result of mental or physical work or effort.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > operation upon something > [noun] > subjecting to an action or process > undergoing or reception of action > one who or that which > which have been put through a process

product1656

put-through1951

1656 Earl of Monmouth tr. T. Boccalini Ragguagli di Parnasso i. lxxviii. 162 Whether he brought news of any gallant Italian product, or of any taking Piece lately printed?

1657 O. Cromwell Speech 8 May in Writings & Speeches (1947) (modernized text) IV. 513 The things are very honourable and honest, and the product worthy of a Parliament.

1700 J. Dryden tr. Ovid Pythagorean Philos. 197 The fruit and product of his labours past.

1780 F. Carter Journey from Gibraltar to Malaga (ed. 2) II. iv. i. 223 Those Barbarians..overthrew every monument of ancient merit, and strewed on the earth its literary products.

1859 Grand Traverse (Traverse City, Mich.) Herald 28 Jan. 1/3 They are compelled to sell the products of their industry far below renumerating prices.

1890 C. Gross Gild Merchant I. 107 He..sold the products of his handiwork in his shop.

1903 G. Matheson Representative Men of Bible 2nd Ser. xiii. 269 Shall a literary product reveal the spirit of its age and be silent as to the spirit of its author!

1947 Coshocton (Ohio) Tribune 14 Feb. 1/7 The small but important matter of advising him [sc. the gardener] when the rabbits will show up to devour the product of his labors.

1980 Art Jrnl. 39 284 The genius of those who often had to battle politics to achieve a superior artistic product.

2006 Wired Apr. 34/1 His homemade transmission electron microscope—the product of more than 10 years of work.

b. The value of goods produced, esp. in a particular place or over a particular period. Frequently in gross national product: see gross adj. 6c.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > management of money > income, revenue, or profit > [noun] > income of a nation or state > value of all national goods or services

product1793

national product1884

1793 T. Jefferson Let. 28 June in G. Washington Papers (2007) Presidential Ser. XIII. 152 Mister Young must not pronounce too hastily on the impossibility of an annual production of £750 worth of wheat coupled with a cattle product of £125.

1848 N. Amer. Rev. Oct. 419 The aggregate national product is greater when the national capital is widely distributed than when it is concentrated in a few hands.

1878 Times 23 Aug. 7/1 Official statistics show a remarkable current increase in the national product, not only of agricultural staples, but also of manufactures, an increase out of proportion to the growth of population.

1888 E. Bellamy Looking Backward xxii. 314 The total annual product of the nation..would not have come to more than three or four hundred dollars per head.

1944 Times 28 Oct. 2/3 The United States, with its 132,000,000 people, was now achieving a gross national product greater by 80 per cent. than before the war.

1962 Listener 20 Dec. 1041/1 The French national product rose at a rate of no less than 8 per cent. a year.

2006 Northern Echo (Nexis) 14 Mar. 10 Each new job will cost the council tax payers the annual product of probably 200 or more houses.

c. spec. An article or substance that is manufactured or refined for sale (more recently also applied to services).Now usually denoting goods that are mass produced and commercially marketed.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > merchandise > article(s) to be sold > [noun]

emporeutic1612

ablectick1623

vendible1681

offering1820

marketables1824

seller1831

product1928

1825 J. R. McCulloch Princ. Polit. Econ. i. §1. 1 Political Economy is the science of the laws which regulate the production, distribution, and consumption of those articles or products which have exchangeable value.

1857 Harper's Mag. Dec. 26/1 Pile after pile of native products and manufactures, heaped up and hanging round in picturesque profusion.

1877 Spirit of Times 24 Nov. 448/3 This house has for years stood unchallenged on this continent, as never allowing a drop of its products to appear on the market, unless perfectly free from deleterious compounds.

1928 S. R. Hall Mail-order & Direct Mail Selling xx. 373 To build up a successful mail-order business, one must first have or create the article or products that have mail-order possibilities.

1950 A. Tack Sell your Way to Success viii. 113 Work out the sales points around your product.

1967 Canad. Med. Assoc. Jrnl. 2 Sept. 537/1 Tests..to estimate the bacterial content of milk and other dairy products.

1989 Railway Mag. Sept. 557/1 BR was far from complacent about retaining the current levels of traffic on the line... ‘We must watch our pricing and make sure we offer a product that people think is worth paying for.’

2004 Philadelphia Feb. 127/1 The people who swoon over them, trying to get them to host their charity event or sell their product.

6. As a mass noun.

a. Material (esp. creative material, as music or film) considered solely for its marketability or sales potential, without regard to its artistic quality.

ΚΠ

1974 L. Bangs in Village Voice (N.Y.) 31 Oct. 82/4 We eat product as cynically as they dish it.

1976 Street Life 7–20 Feb. 22/3 Some records can be sold like soapflakes, but the majority are not purely ‘product’.

1977 Time 12 Dec. 68/2 More product, to borrow the record-company jargon, from the pianist who burst out of Russia two years ago and has been a one-man industry ever since.

1979 D. Adams Hitch Hiker's Guide to Galaxy xxxi. 167 We have had an offer of a quite enormously fat contract to do the..chat show... But we've got to have product, you see.

1991 Outrage Feb. 56/3 All the songs are candy pop tunes—mindless and noisy—but that has never been a problem for consumers of musical product.

2003 Chicago Tribune (Midwest ed.) 19 Sept. ii. 4/1 As corporate interests began turning art into product on the East and West Coasts, Chicago maintained its status as a do-it-yourself oasis for musical innovation.

b. U.S. slang. Illicit drugs, esp. cocaine, viewed as a commodity.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > use of drugs and poison > an intoxicating drug > [noun]

drug1668

stuporific1853

candy1925

spike1934

shit1946

juice1957

street drug1967

substance1967

dadah1980

product1983

the world > physical sensation > use of drugs and poison > an intoxicating drug > [noun] > a) narcotic drug(s) > morphine, cocaine, or heroin > cocaine

cocaine1874

coke1908

happy dust1912

candy1925

nose candy1925

gold dust1931

Charley1935

girl1953

blow1971

rock1973

product1983

rock cocaine1984

crack1985

1983 Social Probl. 31 196 The profits to be made at the upper levels [of drug trafficking] depended on an individual's style of operation, reliability, security, and the amount of product he or she consumed.

1988 D. Waters Heathers (film script) (O.E.D. Archive) 24 Brad's Friend. Brad-ley, Hennesey's looking for you. He says he owes you for blow and he just got some product himself... Brad. Excellent. Veronica, ever do cocaine?

1989 J. Courtwright et al. Addicts who Survived 237 I speedballed before I performed... When the band played your introduction, the product got a hold of you then.

1997 D. Simon & E. Burns Corner 7 Tattooed, toothless white boys,..hoping that whichever nigger took the twenty dollars is coming back with some product.

2004 N.Y. Mag. 4 Oct. 31/2 Though she started dealing for the free product, J. soon cared more about making money.

c. Originally North American. Any commercial preparation used to style the hair or (occasionally) as a cosmetic.

ΚΠ

1989 St. Louis (Missouri) Post-Disp. (Nexis) 27 Apr. (Style West section) 4 The key to making mascara work is ‘to make sure that there is not too much product on it’.

1993 Chatelaine (Electronic ed.) Nov. Two of the most common mistakes people make with gel are using too much product and applying it incorrectly.

2001 N.Y. Mag. 25 June 58 I don't wash my hair or even rinse it after the beach—I just put a lot of product in to make it shiny.

2004 S. Olson Children of God go Bowling iii. 44 There was just the right amount of product in his hair to make it look both coifed and neglected.

Compounds

C1.

a. (In sense 1.)

product event n.

ΚΠ

1968 P. A. P. Moran Introd. Probability Theory i. 2 Given any two events, A₁ and A₂, we define a ‘product’ event denoted by A₁A₂ which occurs if any events E_i occur which belong to both A₁ and A₂.

product integral n.

ΚΠ

1938 Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 43 62 One can define product integrals for functions with values in L(G).

1968 P. A. P. Moran Introd. Probability Theory vi. 290 Expressions such as (6.40) are known as ‘product integrals’. This is a mathematical concept which is related to a product of a number of factors in the same way that an integral is related to a sum.

product measure n.

ΚΠ

1939 Amer. Jrnl. Math. 61 673 The measure on T is a product measure.

1968 P. A. P. Moran Introd. Probability Theory iv. 194 ϕ is the ‘product measure’ generated by the separate measures on the n one-dimensional spaces.

2000 Ann. Probability 28 1476 Let η be distributed according to some product measure μ.

product space n.

ΚΠ

1930 Ann. Math. 31 275 The analogue of {Nⁱ} {N^'i} for G x G^' is the sequence {Nⁱ × N^'i} each term of which is a neighbourhood of the product set on the product space.

1968 P. A. P. Moran Introd. Probability Theory i. 10 The space of all such events is known as the product space of the two spaces.

b. (In sense 5.)

product design n.

ΚΠ

1929 Accounting Rev. 4 18/1 No management discounts the value of experienced advice in product design.

1980 Jrnl. Royal Soc. Arts May 335/2 There is no doubt that the four companies..have put a lot of effort into product design.

2000 Z. Sardar Consumption Kuala Lumpur 228 Companies fortunate enough to be located here have real-time operational control of product design.

product development n.

ΚΠ

1934 Sci. Monthly Dec. 549/2 Commercial changes occur constantly and inevitably and hence there is the correlative necessity for continuous product development to keep abreast or ahead of market requirements.

1980 Jrnl. Chartered Inst. Building Services Jan. 69/1 The paint was bought in but extensive testing was necessary in both product development and quality control.

2002 J. Heskett Toothpicks & Logos vii. 130 The American appliance company Whirlpool had to learn how to evolve a global/local approach to product development... It was necessary to accommodate washing 18-foot-long saris without tangling in India.

product division n.

ΚΠ

1945 Wellsboro (Pa.) Gaz. 18 Oct. 1/7 Additional organization changes in two product division [s] at Corning Glass Works..were made known today.

1995 Economist 26 Aug. 62/2 On one side are ranged GM's seven North American product divisions (Chevrolet, Buick and so on). On the other are its group-wide functional units.

product group n.

ΚΠ

1926 W. W. Jennings Hist. Econ. Progress in U.S. iv. xxii. 446 Georgia had about two-fifths of the turpentine and rosin, Texas two-fifths of the cotton ginning, and New Jersey three-eighths of the silk and silk goods, but these three states belong in the one product group with Maryland and California.

1935 Jrnl. Business Univ. Chicago 8 365 The consumption and prices of the following eleven products or product groups were graphically correlated.

1990 Which? Apr. 215/2 We found fairly large price differences between superstores—B&Q and Wickes did best across our particular product groups.

product launch n.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > selling > [noun] > offering for sale > sales or product launch

innovation1939

product launch1963

launch1969

rollout1969

1963 Times 26 June 1/2 (advt.) Expert handling of your factory or shop opening, product launch or anniversary celebration.

1993 High Life (Brit. Airways) Oct. 19/3 Then there's the product launch, where dealers and media are whipped off by charter flight to sample the latest wonder range against the blue skies and palm trees of the Promenade des Anglais.

product line n.

ΚΠ

1927 Wisconsin Rapids Daily Tribune 11 June 8/2 We have a new leader for our..product line. This product is a development of one we have manufactured and sold for years.

1995 Underwriters' Action Sheet May 7/2 We see new product lines and new divisions being created within these companies, as well as new organizations being started that fill particular ‘niche’ markets.

product mix n.

ΚΠ

1945 Jrnl. Polit. Econ. 53 362 Hagen fails to change the product ‘mix’ as between the war year 1943 and the post-war year 1947, to which his final computations apply.

1953 F. G. Moore Manuf. Managem. v. 85 Valid comparisons of over-all figures sometimes become almost meaningless because variations in the ‘product mix’—the quantities of different items produced—occur continually.

1996 India Today 30 June 111/2 Thus, though Africa has served as a lucrative market for nylon truck tyres, with the international market being mainly for radials, Indian companies will have to change their product mix to continue to do well.

c. (In sense 3.)

product nucleus n.

ΚΠ

1931 G. Gamow Constit. Atomic Nuclei iii. 63 The particle (α or β) ejected from the nucleus No. 1 may leave the product-nucleus No. 2 in an excited state.

1998 N. H. Harley et al. Rev. Sci. Lit. Gulf War Illnesses 99 The reaction can be represented by the symbolic equation : X+a→Y+b or, in abbreviated form, X(a, b) Y. X is the target nucleus, a is the incident particle or photon, b is an emitted particle or photon, and Y is the product nucleus.

C2.

product champion n. a person responsible for the promotion of a product or idea.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > information > publishing or spreading abroad > advertising > [noun] > advertiser

advertiser1712

pitchman1914

hidden persuaders1957

product champion1969

1969 Observer 2 Nov. 12/7 ‘Product champions’ are appointed to help push new ideas through the natural opposition within a big company.

2001 R. W. Cahn Coming of Materials Sci. vii. 293 Various studies of the innovation process in industry have demonstrated the central importance of the product champion in driving a difficult innovation to the point of success.

product liability n. (also products liability) a manufacturer's legal responsibility to the consumer of its product (frequently attributive).

ΘΚΠ

society > law > legal obligation > [noun] > legal liability > specific liability

quasi-contract1704

privity1852

strict liability1897

product liability1925

1925 Eastern Underwriter 7 Aug. 28/1 Products liability insurance is now written by five or six casualty companies.

1928 C. A. Kulp Casualty Insurance xvii. 342 That this hazard is not an imaginary one is shown by this interesting summary of product liability cases.

1978 Rep. Royal Comm. Civil Liability & Compensation for Personal Injury I. v. xxii. 255 Products liability must be considered in the context of public concern to protect the interests of the consumer.

1993 Independent 3 Feb. 10/2 Two US obsessions, health and the telephone, have fused. Stock markets have shuddered, an industry trembles, while product liability lawyers quiver in anticipation.

product moment n. Statistics (with reference to a set of pairs of statistical data) the sum of the products of the elements of each pair; frequently attributive (usually with hyphen), designating a correlation coefficient (symbol r) calculated from this, equal to the covariance divided by the geometric mean of the variances; cf. Pearson n. 1.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > number > probability or statistics > [noun] > variable > relationship between sets of variables > coefficient of correlation

correlation coefficient or coefficient of correlation1888

product moment1895

Pearson1903

rho1907

Spearman1907

phi coefficient1929

1895 Econ. Jrnl 5 605 The annexed table gives the value of the coefficient (reckoned by the product-moment method) and of its probable error.

1930 M. Ezekiel Methods Correlation Anal. viii. 127 The value Σ(xy) is sometimes called the product moment.

1972 E. Lukacs Probability & Math. Statistics iv. 90 In the bivariate case one also has a mixed moment (product-moment) of second order.

1992 Lit. & Ling. Computing 7 92/2 The rows of the joint table are then correlated, each with every other, using the Pearson product-moment method.

product-morpheme n. Linguistics rare = portmanteau n. Compounds 2c.

ΚΠ

1965 Language 41 365 The sentences would have no string structure at all if transformations combined morphemes from separate elementary sentences into novel product-morphemes (portmanteau blends).

product placement n. a practice whereby manufacturers of goods or service providers gain exposure for their products by paying for them to be displayed, mentioned, or used in the media (esp. in films or television programmes); an instance of this.

ΚΠ

1982 D. Linck in Boxoffice Apr. 32/1 It's no secret that the art of ‘product placement’..has been around Hollywood for several decades.

1999 Guardian (Electronic ed.) 3 Oct. It is not known how much Tanqueray's owners..paid for the product placement, but the deal struck with the film's producers seems part of a wider agreement.

product recall n. (a) Advertising the ability of a consumer to remember an advertised product, esp. with regard to the particular brand; (b) a general request for the return of a product to the manufacturer or retailer; = recall n. 1d.

ΚΠ

1959 N.Y. Times 15 Apr. 51/2 Viewers..are asked what they are watching and what product is being advertised... Westerns have had..‘low product recall ratings’.

1960 Jrnl. Insurance 27 36/1 How much should be added to the cost of a unit of product..for product recall; or for warranty liabilities?

1992 Independent 30 Dec. 1/5 Product recalls are not 100 per cent, putting notices in the paper, whatever. You don't get to everyone.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	product
释义	productn.¹ Brit. /ˈprɒdʌkt/, U.S. /ˈprɑdək(t)/ Forms: late Middle English– product, 1500s producte. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin prōductum; Latin prōduct-, prōdūcere. Etymology: Partly < classical Latin prōductum (only in plural, prōducta , denoting (in Stoic philosophy) things which, while falling short of absolute goodness, rise above the level of indifference, after ancient Greek προηγμένα ), in post-classical Latin also in mathematics (12th cent. in British sources; 13th cent. in Albertus Magnus Metaph. 5. 3. 6; compare sense 1), use as noun of neuter of past participle of prōdūcere produce v., and partly directly < classical Latin prōduct-, past participial stem of prōdūcere. Compare Middle French, French produit (1554, originally in mathematics), Spanish producto (1547), Italian prodotto (a1332); also German Produkt (1522 as product , originally in mathematics), Swedish produkt (1584). Compare earlier product adj.There is some evidence for a variant pronunciation with a long vowel in the first syllable in the 18th and 19th centuries. 1. Mathematics. a. The quantity obtained by multiplying two or more quantities together. Also more widely: any of various other entities (as matrices, permutations, sets, tensors, vectors, etc.) obtained by certain defined processes of combination of two or more entities (the processes not necessarily being commutative and the entities combined not necessarily being of the same kind). Cf. sum n.¹ 5a(a).Formerly also (in quots. 1573, 1646): †the sum of two or more quantities (obsolete).inner, logical, outer, partial, scalar, vector product, etc.: see the first element. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > number > arithmetic or algebraic operations > [noun] > multiplication > result of, product suma1425 pervenientc1450 productc1450 offcome1570 multiplication1586 ductate1610 factus1645 fact1664 factum1684 the world > existence and causation > creation > [noun] > production > product blossomc1230 fodmea1325 burgeona1340 progenya1393 geniture?1440 fruitc1450 productionc1450 offspring1573 product1573 nursling1591 bantling1593 excrement1600 procedue1602 issuea1616 procedure1626 creature1651 produce1657 parturition1659 outbirth1663 sequel1669 brat1678 operation1774 outgoing1850 fruitling1876 c1450 Art Nombryng in R. Steele Earliest Arithm. in Eng. (1922) 40 (MED) Me may thervpone to assigne the 3 nombre, the whiche is clepede product or provenient, of takyng out of one fro another, as twyes 5 is 10. ?a1560 L. Digges Geom. Pract.: Pantometria (1571) i. viii. sig. D j ^v Multiplye the length..by 12. and the producte diuide by the partes in whiche you founde the threade. 1573 Record's Ground of Arts (rev. ed.) i. i. sig. H.vj If you had subtracted the vppermoste from y^e product or totall summe, than the residue thereof would bee equall to that middlemoste number. 1614 W. Bedwell De Numeris Geometricis ii. 25 The products of 12 by 2, and of 6 by 4, are equall. 1646 Sir T. Browne Pseudodoxia Epidemica vi. i. 277 If unto that summe [5509] be added 1645. the product will be 7154. View more context for this quotation 1752 A. Fletcher Universal Measurer ii. 91 Multiply the Square of the Diameter by ,7854 and the Product is the Area. 1827 O. Gregory Hutton's Course Math. (ed. 9) I. 4 A Compound Number is one which is the product of two or more numbers. 1892 F. N. Cole tr. E. Netto Theory Substitutions ii. 23 The substitution which results from the successive application of two or more substitutions we call their product. 1913 C. E. Cullis Matrices & Determinoids I. vi. 158 If A and B are any two matrices, the product AB is defined below to be a certain third matrix which is completely known when A and B are known. 1965 E. M. Patterson & D. E. Rutherford Elem. Abstr. Algebra ii. 35 Defining the product of two permutations in this way, we obtain a binary operation in the set of all permutations... It is not commutative. 1987 J. Millman & A. Grabel Microelectronics (ed. 2) vii. 270 The and operation ABC is sometimes called the product of A and B and C. 2000 Sciences July–Aug. 11/1 The strength of that force..is the product of the two masses, divided by the square of the distance between them, all multiplied by a constant. b. product of inertia n. (also product of mobility) (of a body or system of bodies with respect to two given planes at right angles to each other or to the two axes perpendicular to such planes) the sum of the products formed by multiplying the mass of each element by the product of its distances from the two given planes. ΚΠ 1873 J. C. Maxwell Treat. Electr. & Magnetism II. iv. 193 We may call the coefficients of the form Q₁₁ Moments of Mobility, and those of the form Q₁₂ Products of Mobility. 1877 B. Williamson Elem. Treat. Integral Calculus (ed. 3) x. §195 Σxydm, Σzxdm, Σyzdm are called the products of inertia relative to the same system of co-ordinate axes. 1964 Math. of Computation 18 571 We can obtain the integrals of harmonic functions over triangles. For example, the product of inertia can be obtained in this way. 1987 Proc. National Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 84 4703/2 The product of mobility for most materials in..magnetic fields typically allows most materials to have cyclotron orbits..before they scatter. 2. a. A thing generated or produced by, or as if by, nature or a natural process. Also (in collective sense): the produce of some being, thing, or process; offspring. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > creation > [noun] > production > product > natural product or products naturals1586 product1600 outgrowth1846 1600 W. Perkins Golden Chaine 26 In the assumption, we haue three things to consider: I. The difference of the two natures in Christ... II. The manner of vnion... III. The product of the Vnion. 1633 W. Prynne Histrio-mastix i. i. 16 Let this..now at last perswade all Christians, all Pagans,..forr to abominate them [sc. stage plays], as the very product of Satan, and the broode of Hell. 1653 H. More Antidote against Atheisme i. ii. iii. 54 He [sc. man] is the flower and chief of all the products of Nature upon this Globe of the Earth. 1725 E. Fenton in A. Pope et al. tr. Homer Odyssey I. iv. 64 The purest product of the chrystal springs. 1796 J. Aikin & A. L. Barbauld Evenings at Home VI. 132 Food is almost the spontaneous product of nature. The bread-fruit, the cocoa, the banana, and the plantain, offer their stores freely to the gatherer. 1813 R. Bakewell Introd. Geol. x. 253 Among the products of volcanoes we find only three substances which are combustible in the atmosphere. 1856 M. J. Holmes Homestead in Hillside ii. 123 The uncle with whom she boarded, received his pay in butter, cheese, potatoes, apples, and other commodities, which were the product of Capt. Howard's farm. 1892 B. F. Westcott Gospel of Life 10 The product of any particular seed is fixed within the limits of a type. 1920 Washington Post 19 July While it requires slightly more honey for preserving fruits, beekeepers can save money by using the product of bees, since the cost of manufacturing it is almost nothing. 1982 K. N. Sanecki Discovering Herbs (ed. 3) 48 The abuse of the product of this plant [sc. the opium poppy] has led to much human misery, but it has provided one of the greatest painkillers of all time—morphine. 1988 B. Cooper Alexander Kennedy Isbister i. i. 9 Mixed-blood products of the lawless bed were characteristically described as unsteady and turbulent. †b. A quantity; a supply, provision, stock. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > supply > [noun] > that which is supplied > a supply purveyance1340 substance?c1425 providencec1450 provisionc1451 furnish1500 supply1567 reply?1592 purvey?1615 product1647 sorting1785 1647 N. Bacon Hist. Disc. Govt. 51 A yeerly product of victuals or other service was reserved and allowed to the Saxon kings by the people. 1762 P. Murdoch tr. A. F. Büsching New Syst. Geogr. V. 438 Having down all along the Mayn also a good product of wine. c. figurative. A thing generated or produced by a mental process or state. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > creation > [noun] > production > product > of human art or activity artifice1600 production1603 creationa1616 artefact1644 product1650 artefac1906 1650 R. Baxter Saints Everlasting Rest 848 Those who shall read these Heavenly Directions,..the fruit of my Studies, and the product of my fancy. 1682 J. Dryden Religio Laici 5 These Truths are not the product of thy Mind. a1731 P. Aubin Lady Lucy (1739) iii. 109 These kind of Relations of Apparitions are looked upon by a great Part of the World as Fictions, and the Product of weak Brains. 1792 J. Belknap Foresters xvi. 203 This scheme, like some others, the product of his fruitful brain, has been hitherto attended with more cost than profit. 1862 H. Spencer First Princ. i. iv. §22 By analyzing either the product of thought, or the process of thought. 1894 H. Drummond Lowell Lect. Ascent of Man 171 Intellectual products common to both Animal and Man. 1927 Fitchburg (Mass.) Sentinel 5 Oct. This story isn't life; it is simply a product of my imagination. 1970 M. Lutyens Penguin Krishnamurti Reader 28 We shall see how there comes a tranquillity that is not a product of the mind. 1996 Salt Lake Tribune (Nexis) 12 Jan. d1 Prejudice is the product of fear and only knowledge can banish both. 3. A substance formed in a chemical or nuclear reaction. See also by-product n., end-product n. 1.In early use (with sense ‘something produced by a natural reaction or process’) not properly distinguished from 2a. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > chemical reactions or processes > [noun] > chemical reactions or processes (named) > decomposition > a compound formed during producta1626 educt1780 a1626 Dr. Meverel in Baconiana (1679) 110 Gold with Quicksilver easily mixeth, but the product is imperfectly fixed; and so are all other Metals incorporate with Mercury. 1665 R. Hooke Micrographia xiii. 87 Fifthly, to make Compositions and Coagulations of several Salts together into the same mass, to observe of what Figure the product of them would be. 1759 W. Lewis tr. C. Neumann Chem. Wks. i. 109 By this troublesome operation I obtained the product intended by the author, although it was not properly a Sublimate, having remained in the retort after sublimation. 1807 T. Thomson Syst. Chem. (ed. 3) II. 434 The products of the combustion, besides the soot, are water and carbonic acid. 1874 R. Brown Man. Bot. iii. xii. 541 Among other gaseous products given off during germination may be mentioned carbonic oxide (CO), marsh gas (CH₄), ammonia (NH₃), and nitrogen (N). 1913 Chem. News 28 Feb. 97/2 The parent of ionium, the product in the uranium series corresponding with radio-thorium in the thorium series, is still experimentally unknown. 1955 B. C. L. Kemp Elem. Org. Chem. (new ed.) xvi. 227 With hot concentrated sulphuric acid, a similar substitution occurs, the product being benzene sulphonic acid. 1989 C. Caufield Multiple Exposures (1990) ix. 77 Any uranium deposit will contain traces of uranium's radioactive decay products, including thorium, radium, polonium, lead, and radon. 2001 School Sci. Rev. Dec. 100/1 Hydrogen peroxide is..formed in cells as a secondary product of several metabolic reactions. 4. That which results from the operation of a cause, or is produced by a particular set of circumstances; a consequence, effect. Now also: a person whose character and identity have been formed by a particular period or situation. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > causation > effect, result, or consequence > [noun] proofc1330 worka1382 workinga1382 consequentc1386 effectc1390 processa1400 consequencec1400 sequel1477 efficacea1492 operation1525 branch1526 efficacy1549 trial1559 ensuing1561 repercussion1603 success1606 productiona1610 salutation1609 succeedinga1616 pursuancea1626 spawna1631 income1635 result1638 importance1645 consequency1651 product1651 causal1652 causate1656 consectary1659 propter hoc1671 inference1673 corollary1674 resultment1683 produce1698 recussion1754 development1803 suitea1806 eventuation1813 sequent1838 sequence1853 causatum1879 sequela1883 ramification1925 1651 R. Baxter Plain Script. Proof Infants Church-membership & Baptism 218 Dueness of Reward or Punishment is the immediate Product of Promise or Threatening. 1681 J. Scott Christian Life: Pt. I iii. §1 106 'Tis true indeed the immediate product of this sort of Virtues is..the Happiness of Rest and Indolence. 1719 R. Savage Love in Veil v. ii. 67 The reverse of Friendship is the Product of a degenerate Age. 1783 H. Blair Lect. Rhetoric I. xiv. 274 They [sc. figures of speech] are not..the mere product of study: on the contrary, the most illiterate speak in figures. 1825 J. K. Paulding John Bull in Amer. xiii. 149 This insolent familiarity is another of the precious products of the turbulent spirit of democracy. 1846 W. R. Grove On Correlation Physical Forces 39 Heat is an immediate product of chemical affinity. 1874 J. R. Green Short Hist. Eng. People v. §1. 214 The long French romances were the product of an age of wealth and ease. 1933 S. Walker Night Club Era 147 Winchell is..the product of his period as surely as prohibition and the night clubs and the tommy-guns. 1982 R. Sheppard & M. Valpy National Deal v. 83 Joe Clark believed that the majority Quebec view was not the product of a ‘ghetto mentality.’ Rather, it was shaped by cultural pride. 2005 T. Hall Salaam Brick Lane v. 99 She was the product of a tumultuous childhood that had begun in New York's notorious Bronx. 5. a. An object produced by a particular action or process; the result of mental or physical work or effort. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > operation upon something > [noun] > subjecting to an action or process > undergoing or reception of action > one who or that which > which have been put through a process product1656 put-through1951 1656 Earl of Monmouth tr. T. Boccalini Ragguagli di Parnasso i. lxxviii. 162 Whether he brought news of any gallant Italian product, or of any taking Piece lately printed? 1657 O. Cromwell Speech 8 May in Writings & Speeches (1947) (modernized text) IV. 513 The things are very honourable and honest, and the product worthy of a Parliament. 1700 J. Dryden tr. Ovid Pythagorean Philos. 197 The fruit and product of his labours past. 1780 F. Carter Journey from Gibraltar to Malaga (ed. 2) II. iv. i. 223 Those Barbarians..overthrew every monument of ancient merit, and strewed on the earth its literary products. 1859 Grand Traverse (Traverse City, Mich.) Herald 28 Jan. 1/3 They are compelled to sell the products of their industry far below renumerating prices. 1890 C. Gross Gild Merchant I. 107 He..sold the products of his handiwork in his shop. 1903 G. Matheson Representative Men of Bible 2nd Ser. xiii. 269 Shall a literary product reveal the spirit of its age and be silent as to the spirit of its author! 1947 Coshocton (Ohio) Tribune 14 Feb. 1/7 The small but important matter of advising him [sc. the gardener] when the rabbits will show up to devour the product of his labors. 1980 Art Jrnl. 39 284 The genius of those who often had to battle politics to achieve a superior artistic product. 2006 Wired Apr. 34/1 His homemade transmission electron microscope—the product of more than 10 years of work. b. The value of goods produced, esp. in a particular place or over a particular period. Frequently in gross national product: see gross adj. 6c. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > management of money > income, revenue, or profit > [noun] > income of a nation or state > value of all national goods or services product1793 national product1884 1793 T. Jefferson Let. 28 June in G. Washington Papers (2007) Presidential Ser. XIII. 152 Mister Young must not pronounce too hastily on the impossibility of an annual production of £750 worth of wheat coupled with a cattle product of £125. 1848 N. Amer. Rev. Oct. 419 The aggregate national product is greater when the national capital is widely distributed than when it is concentrated in a few hands. 1878 Times 23 Aug. 7/1 Official statistics show a remarkable current increase in the national product, not only of agricultural staples, but also of manufactures, an increase out of proportion to the growth of population. 1888 E. Bellamy Looking Backward xxii. 314 The total annual product of the nation..would not have come to more than three or four hundred dollars per head. 1944 Times 28 Oct. 2/3 The United States, with its 132,000,000 people, was now achieving a gross national product greater by 80 per cent. than before the war. 1962 Listener 20 Dec. 1041/1 The French national product rose at a rate of no less than 8 per cent. a year. 2006 Northern Echo (Nexis) 14 Mar. 10 Each new job will cost the council tax payers the annual product of probably 200 or more houses. c. spec. An article or substance that is manufactured or refined for sale (more recently also applied to services).Now usually denoting goods that are mass produced and commercially marketed. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > merchandise > article(s) to be sold > [noun] emporeutic1612 ablectick1623 vendible1681 offering1820 marketables1824 seller1831 product1928 1825 J. R. McCulloch Princ. Polit. Econ. i. §1. 1 Political Economy is the science of the laws which regulate the production, distribution, and consumption of those articles or products which have exchangeable value. 1857 Harper's Mag. Dec. 26/1 Pile after pile of native products and manufactures, heaped up and hanging round in picturesque profusion. 1877 Spirit of Times 24 Nov. 448/3 This house has for years stood unchallenged on this continent, as never allowing a drop of its products to appear on the market, unless perfectly free from deleterious compounds. 1928 S. R. Hall Mail-order & Direct Mail Selling xx. 373 To build up a successful mail-order business, one must first have or create the article or products that have mail-order possibilities. 1950 A. Tack Sell your Way to Success viii. 113 Work out the sales points around your product. 1967 Canad. Med. Assoc. Jrnl. 2 Sept. 537/1 Tests..to estimate the bacterial content of milk and other dairy products. 1989 Railway Mag. Sept. 557/1 BR was far from complacent about retaining the current levels of traffic on the line... ‘We must watch our pricing and make sure we offer a product that people think is worth paying for.’ 2004 Philadelphia Feb. 127/1 The people who swoon over them, trying to get them to host their charity event or sell their product. 6. As a mass noun. a. Material (esp. creative material, as music or film) considered solely for its marketability or sales potential, without regard to its artistic quality. ΚΠ 1974 L. Bangs in Village Voice (N.Y.) 31 Oct. 82/4 We eat product as cynically as they dish it. 1976 Street Life 7–20 Feb. 22/3 Some records can be sold like soapflakes, but the majority are not purely ‘product’. 1977 Time 12 Dec. 68/2 More product, to borrow the record-company jargon, from the pianist who burst out of Russia two years ago and has been a one-man industry ever since. 1979 D. Adams Hitch Hiker's Guide to Galaxy xxxi. 167 We have had an offer of a quite enormously fat contract to do the..chat show... But we've got to have product, you see. 1991 Outrage Feb. 56/3 All the songs are candy pop tunes—mindless and noisy—but that has never been a problem for consumers of musical product. 2003 Chicago Tribune (Midwest ed.) 19 Sept. ii. 4/1 As corporate interests began turning art into product on the East and West Coasts, Chicago maintained its status as a do-it-yourself oasis for musical innovation. b. U.S. slang. Illicit drugs, esp. cocaine, viewed as a commodity. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > use of drugs and poison > an intoxicating drug > [noun] drug1668 stuporific1853 candy1925 spike1934 shit1946 juice1957 street drug1967 substance1967 dadah1980 product1983 the world > physical sensation > use of drugs and poison > an intoxicating drug > [noun] > a) narcotic drug(s) > morphine, cocaine, or heroin > cocaine cocaine1874 coke1908 happy dust1912 candy1925 nose candy1925 gold dust1931 Charley1935 girl1953 blow1971 rock1973 product1983 rock cocaine1984 crack1985 1983 Social Probl. 31 196 The profits to be made at the upper levels [of drug trafficking] depended on an individual's style of operation, reliability, security, and the amount of product he or she consumed. 1988 D. Waters Heathers (film script) (O.E.D. Archive) 24 Brad's Friend. Brad-ley, Hennesey's looking for you. He says he owes you for blow and he just got some product himself... Brad. Excellent. Veronica, ever do cocaine? 1989 J. Courtwright et al. Addicts who Survived 237 I speedballed before I performed... When the band played your introduction, the product got a hold of you then. 1997 D. Simon & E. Burns Corner 7 Tattooed, toothless white boys,..hoping that whichever nigger took the twenty dollars is coming back with some product. 2004 N.Y. Mag. 4 Oct. 31/2 Though she started dealing for the free product, J. soon cared more about making money. c. Originally North American. Any commercial preparation used to style the hair or (occasionally) as a cosmetic. ΚΠ 1989 St. Louis (Missouri) Post-Disp. (Nexis) 27 Apr. (Style West section) 4 The key to making mascara work is ‘to make sure that there is not too much product on it’. 1993 Chatelaine (Electronic ed.) Nov. Two of the most common mistakes people make with gel are using too much product and applying it incorrectly. 2001 N.Y. Mag. 25 June 58 I don't wash my hair or even rinse it after the beach—I just put a lot of product in to make it shiny. 2004 S. Olson Children of God go Bowling iii. 44 There was just the right amount of product in his hair to make it look both coifed and neglected. Compounds C1. a. (In sense 1.) product event n. ΚΠ 1968 P. A. P. Moran Introd. Probability Theory i. 2 Given any two events, A₁ and A₂, we define a ‘product’ event denoted by A₁A₂ which occurs if any events E_i occur which belong to both A₁ and A₂. product integral n. ΚΠ 1938 Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 43 62 One can define product integrals for functions with values in L(G). 1968 P. A. P. Moran Introd. Probability Theory vi. 290 Expressions such as (6.40) are known as ‘product integrals’. This is a mathematical concept which is related to a product of a number of factors in the same way that an integral is related to a sum. product measure n. ΚΠ 1939 Amer. Jrnl. Math. 61 673 The measure on T is a product measure. 1968 P. A. P. Moran Introd. Probability Theory iv. 194 ϕ is the ‘product measure’ generated by the separate measures on the n one-dimensional spaces. 2000 Ann. Probability 28 1476 Let η be distributed according to some product measure μ. product space n. ΚΠ 1930 Ann. Math. 31 275 The analogue of {Nⁱ} {N^'i} for G x G^' is the sequence {Nⁱ × N^'i} each term of which is a neighbourhood of the product set on the product space. 1968 P. A. P. Moran Introd. Probability Theory i. 10 The space of all such events is known as the product space of the two spaces. b. (In sense 5.) product design n. ΚΠ 1929 Accounting Rev. 4 18/1 No management discounts the value of experienced advice in product design. 1980 Jrnl. Royal Soc. Arts May 335/2 There is no doubt that the four companies..have put a lot of effort into product design. 2000 Z. Sardar Consumption Kuala Lumpur 228 Companies fortunate enough to be located here have real-time operational control of product design. product development n. ΚΠ 1934 Sci. Monthly Dec. 549/2 Commercial changes occur constantly and inevitably and hence there is the correlative necessity for continuous product development to keep abreast or ahead of market requirements. 1980 Jrnl. Chartered Inst. Building Services Jan. 69/1 The paint was bought in but extensive testing was necessary in both product development and quality control. 2002 J. Heskett Toothpicks & Logos vii. 130 The American appliance company Whirlpool had to learn how to evolve a global/local approach to product development... It was necessary to accommodate washing 18-foot-long saris without tangling in India. product division n. ΚΠ 1945 Wellsboro (Pa.) Gaz. 18 Oct. 1/7 Additional organization changes in two product division [s] at Corning Glass Works..were made known today. 1995 Economist 26 Aug. 62/2 On one side are ranged GM's seven North American product divisions (Chevrolet, Buick and so on). On the other are its group-wide functional units. product group n. ΚΠ 1926 W. W. Jennings Hist. Econ. Progress in U.S. iv. xxii. 446 Georgia had about two-fifths of the turpentine and rosin, Texas two-fifths of the cotton ginning, and New Jersey three-eighths of the silk and silk goods, but these three states belong in the one product group with Maryland and California. 1935 Jrnl. Business Univ. Chicago 8 365 The consumption and prices of the following eleven products or product groups were graphically correlated. 1990 Which? Apr. 215/2 We found fairly large price differences between superstores—B&Q and Wickes did best across our particular product groups. product launch n. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > selling > [noun] > offering for sale > sales or product launch innovation1939 product launch1963 launch1969 rollout1969 1963 Times 26 June 1/2 (advt.) Expert handling of your factory or shop opening, product launch or anniversary celebration. 1993 High Life (Brit. Airways) Oct. 19/3 Then there's the product launch, where dealers and media are whipped off by charter flight to sample the latest wonder range against the blue skies and palm trees of the Promenade des Anglais. product line n. ΚΠ 1927 Wisconsin Rapids Daily Tribune 11 June 8/2 We have a new leader for our..product line. This product is a development of one we have manufactured and sold for years. 1995 Underwriters' Action Sheet May 7/2 We see new product lines and new divisions being created within these companies, as well as new organizations being started that fill particular ‘niche’ markets. product mix n. ΚΠ 1945 Jrnl. Polit. Econ. 53 362 Hagen fails to change the product ‘mix’ as between the war year 1943 and the post-war year 1947, to which his final computations apply. 1953 F. G. Moore Manuf. Managem. v. 85 Valid comparisons of over-all figures sometimes become almost meaningless because variations in the ‘product mix’—the quantities of different items produced—occur continually. 1996 India Today 30 June 111/2 Thus, though Africa has served as a lucrative market for nylon truck tyres, with the international market being mainly for radials, Indian companies will have to change their product mix to continue to do well. c. (In sense 3.) product nucleus n. ΚΠ 1931 G. Gamow Constit. Atomic Nuclei iii. 63 The particle (α or β) ejected from the nucleus No. 1 may leave the product-nucleus No. 2 in an excited state. 1998 N. H. Harley et al. Rev. Sci. Lit. Gulf War Illnesses 99 The reaction can be represented by the symbolic equation : X+a→Y+b or, in abbreviated form, X(a, b) Y. X is the target nucleus, a is the incident particle or photon, b is an emitted particle or photon, and Y is the product nucleus. C2. product champion n. a person responsible for the promotion of a product or idea. ΘΚΠ society > communication > information > publishing or spreading abroad > advertising > [noun] > advertiser advertiser1712 pitchman1914 hidden persuaders1957 product champion1969 1969 Observer 2 Nov. 12/7 ‘Product champions’ are appointed to help push new ideas through the natural opposition within a big company. 2001 R. W. Cahn Coming of Materials Sci. vii. 293 Various studies of the innovation process in industry have demonstrated the central importance of the product champion in driving a difficult innovation to the point of success. product liability n. (also products liability) a manufacturer's legal responsibility to the consumer of its product (frequently attributive). ΘΚΠ society > law > legal obligation > [noun] > legal liability > specific liability quasi-contract1704 privity1852 strict liability1897 product liability1925 1925 Eastern Underwriter 7 Aug. 28/1 Products liability insurance is now written by five or six casualty companies. 1928 C. A. Kulp Casualty Insurance xvii. 342 That this hazard is not an imaginary one is shown by this interesting summary of product liability cases. 1978 Rep. Royal Comm. Civil Liability & Compensation for Personal Injury I. v. xxii. 255 Products liability must be considered in the context of public concern to protect the interests of the consumer. 1993 Independent 3 Feb. 10/2 Two US obsessions, health and the telephone, have fused. Stock markets have shuddered, an industry trembles, while product liability lawyers quiver in anticipation. product moment n. Statistics (with reference to a set of pairs of statistical data) the sum of the products of the elements of each pair; frequently attributive (usually with hyphen), designating a correlation coefficient (symbol r) calculated from this, equal to the covariance divided by the geometric mean of the variances; cf. Pearson n. 1. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > number > probability or statistics > [noun] > variable > relationship between sets of variables > coefficient of correlation correlation coefficient or coefficient of correlation1888 product moment1895 Pearson1903 rho1907 Spearman1907 phi coefficient1929 1895 Econ. Jrnl 5 605 The annexed table gives the value of the coefficient (reckoned by the product-moment method) and of its probable error. 1930 M. Ezekiel Methods Correlation Anal. viii. 127 The value Σ(xy) is sometimes called the product moment. 1972 E. Lukacs Probability & Math. Statistics iv. 90 In the bivariate case one also has a mixed moment (product-moment) of second order. 1992 Lit. & Ling. Computing 7 92/2 The rows of the joint table are then correlated, each with every other, using the Pearson product-moment method. product-morpheme n. Linguistics rare = portmanteau n. Compounds 2c. ΚΠ 1965 Language 41 365 The sentences would have no string structure at all if transformations combined morphemes from separate elementary sentences into novel product-morphemes (portmanteau blends). product placement n. a practice whereby manufacturers of goods or service providers gain exposure for their products by paying for them to be displayed, mentioned, or used in the media (esp. in films or television programmes); an instance of this. ΚΠ 1982 D. Linck in Boxoffice Apr. 32/1 It's no secret that the art of ‘product placement’..has been around Hollywood for several decades. 1999 Guardian (Electronic ed.) 3 Oct. It is not known how much Tanqueray's owners..paid for the product placement, but the deal struck with the film's producers seems part of a wider agreement. product recall n. (a) Advertising the ability of a consumer to remember an advertised product, esp. with regard to the particular brand; (b) a general request for the return of a product to the manufacturer or retailer; = recall n. 1d. ΚΠ 1959 N.Y. Times 15 Apr. 51/2 Viewers..are asked what they are watching and what product is being advertised... Westerns have had..‘low product recall ratings’. 1960 Jrnl. Insurance 27 36/1 How much should be added to the cost of a unit of product..for product recall; or for warranty liabilities? 1992 Independent 30 Dec. 1/5 Product recalls are not 100 per cent, putting notices in the paper, whatever. You don't get to everyone. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022). † productn.² Origin: Apparently a variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: pratique n. Etymology: Apparently an error for or variant of pratique n., apparently by association with product n.¹ Obsolete. rare. = pratique n. ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > [noun] > permission to enter or leave port neat patent1609 pratique1609 product1675 port pass1678 1675 J. Narbrough Let. 17 Oct. in Mariner's Mirror (1946) 32 98 Since your favour of Product, I have sent on Shoar one of my Captaines. 1720 London Gaz. No. 5888/2 I..have..appointed a Product-Boat to lie..off Europa-Point, to stop all Vessels. 1725 D. Defoe Voy. round World (1840) 109 The governor presently gave us product, as we call it, and leave to buy what provisions we wanted. 1768 J. Banks Jrnl. 13 Sept. (1962) I. 159 The product boat (as it is calld by English sailors) which is the boat from the officers of health who must give leave before any ships crew can land, come on board. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2007; most recently modified version published online June 2020). † productadj. Forms: Middle English–1500s producte, Middle English–1600s product. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin prōductus. Etymology: < classical Latin prōductus, past participle of prōdūcere produce v. Obsolete. rare. Used as past participle: produced. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > creation > [adjective] > created or produced wroughtOE wroughtOE producta1398 createa1425 generate?a1425 gendered1502 naturate1509 shaped1540 generated1552 ingeneratea1572 concepted1662 a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add.) f. 120 Liȝt gendriþ liȝt..so in an instant oo poynt þat is product filliþ al þe worlde of byschinynge. c1425 Bk. Found. St. Bartholomew's (1923) 14 (MED) Whois hert lightly schulde take or admytte suche a man, nat producte of gentyl bloode, nat gretly yndewid with litterature of mannys or of dyuyne kunnynge! 1534 R. Whittington tr. Cicero Thre Bks. Tullyes Offyces iii. sig. T.2 Lawe ciuyle producte out of the law of nature..dothe chalenge malyce & fraude. 1607 T. Walkington Optick Glasse viii. 50^v For they being so pure, and elaborate into the nature of aire, cannot bee generated in the braine, beeing by nature cold, where nothing is product but that which is very vaporous. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2007; most recently modified version published online June 2021). † productv. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin prōduct-, prōdūcere. Etymology: < classical Latin prōduct-, past participial stem of prōdūcere produce v. Compare earlier product adj., production n., and produce v.The following apparently show errors for produce v. rather than later examples of the present word:1917 Gettysburg (Pa.) Times 21 Dec. 3/6 Half of the world's sugar crop outside of the Central Powers..is producted in the United States, its territories and Cuba.1980 Washington Post (Nexis) 23 Feb. a5 Present law requires that the fuel efficiency of all cars producted by a domestic auto company average out to 27.5 miles per gallon by 1985.2005 San Jose (Calif.) Mercury News (Nexis) 4 Aug. There shouldn't be any fear that human clones would be producted strictly for the purpose of organ donation. Obsolete. 1. transitive. To bring forward or out; = produce v. 2. ΘΚΠ society > communication > manifestation > offering for inspection or consideration > offer for inspection or consideration [verb (transitive)] i-taechec888 to lay … beforec1000 showlOE givec1175 to lay outc1440 produce1459 propose1548 cite1549 product1563 broach1573 offer1583 to hold up1604 to bring in1608 project1611 to bring ona1715 to trot out1838 to bring up1868 muster1904 1563 J. Foxe Actes & Monuments 1093/1 More then the articles whereupon they were producted doth contain. 1563 J. Foxe Actes & Monuments 1466/2 Beyng producted to his last examinatyon before the sayde byshop. a1575 N. Harpsfield Treat. Divorce Henry VIII (1878) (modernized text) 212 Many reasons are producted in the said dialogue. a1616 W. Shakespeare Othello (1623) i. i. 148 It seemes not meete, nor wholesome to my place To be producted [1622 produc'd]..Against the Moore. 2. transitive. To bring into existence; to generate as a product; to produce (cf. produce v. 3). ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > creation > [verb (transitive)] > produce or bring forth doeOE makelOE to bring forthc1175 farrow?c1225 childc1350 fodmec1390 raise1402 spring?1440 upbringc1440 breed1526 procreate1546 hatch1549 generate1556 product1577 deprompt1586 produce1587 spire1590 sprout1598 represent1601 effer1606 depromea1652 germinate1796 output1858 the world > life > biology > biological processes > procreation or reproduction > multiply or reproduce [verb (transitive)] kenc825 begeteOE strenec893 raisec1175 breeda1250 kenec1275 felefolda1300 engendera1325 tiddera1325 multiplyc1350 genderc1384 producea1513 procreatea1525 propagate1535 generate1552 product1577 kind1596 traduce1599 pullulate1602 traduct1604 progenerate1611 store1611 spawna1616 spawna1617 reproduce1650 propage1695 to make a baby1911 1577 W. Harrison Hist. Descr. Islande Brit. i. viii. f. 18/2, in R. Holinshed Chron. I In these Isles also is great plenty of fine Amber to be had, which is producted by the working of the sea, vpon those coastes. 1610 G. Marcelline Triumphs King James 66 Our Great King, who hath producted the most Noble Prince Henry..for the greater height of his good fortune. 1683 E. Hooker in J. Pordage Theologia Mystica Pref. Epist. 105 All other Essences, Globes, Worlds, producted, educted, or brought forth out of the Womb of pure Nature. 1717 W. Sutherland Prices Labour in Ship-building 50 The Nature of such small Materials as will be producted out of the Shreds, or Chips of Timber. 1794 Hist. Misc. Curiosities & Rarities Nature & Art I. 185 The various effects producted on the cart may be explained also from the returning stroke [of lightning] with equal facility. 3. transitive. To prolong, extend, lengthen. In later use chiefly Zoology: = produce v. 1b. ΘΚΠ the world > time > duration > have duration [verb (transitive)] > cause to endure, sustain, or prolong lengOE drawOE teec1200 forlengtha1300 lengtha1300 drivec1300 tarryc1320 proloynec1350 continuec1380 to draw alonga1382 longa1382 dretch1393 conservea1398 to draw (out) in, into, at, or on lengtha1400 prorogue1419 prolongc1425 aroomc1440 prorogate?a1475 protend?a1475 dilate1489 forlong1496 relong1523 to draw out1542 sustentate1542 linger1543 defer1546 pertract1548 propagate1548 protract1548 linger1550 lengthen1555 train1556 detract?a1562 to make forth (long, longer)1565 stretch1568 extend1574 extenuate1583 dree1584 wire-draw1598 to spin out1603 trail1604 disabridge1605 produce1605 continuate1611 out-length1617 spin1629 to eke out1641 producta1670 prolongate1671 drawl1694 drag1697 perennate1698 string1867 perennialize1898 the world > relative properties > number > geometry > line > linearize [verb (transitive)] > extend subtend?a1560 produce1570 product1756 a1670 J. Hacket Scrinia Reserata (1693) 89 He that doth much in a short life products his mortality. 1756 P. Browne Civil & Nat. Hist. Jamaica ii. iii. 404 The shells are producted to a sharp point at both ends. 1826 W. Kirby & W. Spence Introd. Entomol. III. xxxv. 538 In many of the species..the prothorax is producted posteriorly into a long scutelliform horizontal horn. Derivatives † producting n. and adj. Obsolete ΚΠ 1623 tr. A. Favyn Theater of Honour & Knight-hood i. i. 3 For the producting [Fr. production] of Elementarie bodies. 1635 T. Heywood Hierarchie Blessed Angells iii. 142 Time is the sole producting instrument. ?1790 J. Lowe Treat. Solar Creation & Univ. Deluge 102 It does not necessarily follow that there is no generating, producting, changing, or variety of things there, because we have no knowledge of them. 1799 W. Jones Adams's Lect. Nat. & Exper. Philos. (ed. 2) IV. li. 474 All these grand lines in the operations of nature on our globe are to us, with respect to the producting causes, as a sealed book. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2021). < n.¹c1450n.²1675adj.a1398v.1563
随便看	liveability liveable liveabler liveablest liveaboard liveaction roleplayer liveaction roleplaying liveaction roleplaying game liveandletlive livebaiting livebearer livebearers livebearing liveblog liveblogging liveborn livebox livebroken livecannibalism lived lived by lived down lived in lived off lived on

productn.1

Compounds

† productn.2

† productadj.

† productv.

Derivatives

productn.¹

† productn.²