† promovev.

Forms: late Middle English 1600s promoue, 1600s–1700s promove; Scottish pre-1700 promof, pre-1700 promoif, pre-1700 promooue, pre-1700 promoove, pre-1700 promoue, pre-1700 promov, pre-1700 promovfe, pre-1700 promowe, pre-1700 promuff, pre-1700 promuif, pre-1700 promwiff, pre-1700 1700s–1800s promove, 1800s promuve.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French promoveir; Latin prōmovēre.

Etymology: < Anglo-Norman promoveir, Middle French promover, promovoir, promouvoir (also pormovoir , pourmouvoir ; French promouvoir ) to advance (someone) to a higher grade or office (c1200 in Old French), to support (a demand) (a1340), to assure the advancement of (a1475) and its etymon classical Latin prōmovēre promote v. Compare Old Occitan promoure (13th cent.), promover (1512), Catalan promoure (1344), Spanish promover (14th cent.), Portuguese promover (15th cent.), Italian promuovere (a1292). Compare earlier promote v.

Chiefly Scottish. Obsolete.

1. transitive. To advance (a person) to a higher grade or office; = promote v. 1.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > prosperity > advancement or progress > [verb (transitive)] > raise in prosperity, power, or rank > advance or promote (a person) > to some status

prefera1393

promote1402

promovec1425

represent1435

move1556

c1425 Bk. Found. St. Bartholomew's (1923) 34 (MED) Erle blesence..promouyd Theobalde beccence in-to the Archebisshope of Cawntirbery.

1485 Acts Parl. Scotl. II. 171/2 That sen he has promovit..Robert Blacater to the bischopric of Glasgw.

a1522 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid (1960) vii. Pref. Lat euery nobyll Prynce..luf vertew and iustice, heat vyce, punys euyll men, and promowe gud men.

a1578 R. Lindsay Hist. & Cron. Scotl. (1899) I. 62 [He] laborit daylie to promove his freindis to honour and dignatie.

1609 A. Gardyne Garden Grave & Godlie Flowres sig. L4 Behold.., The Proud deprest, and simple Spreits promou'd.

1675 J. Brydall Jus Imaginis apud Nobilis 2 Nobility being then a Quality or Dignity, whereby a Man is..promoved out of, and above the Estate of the vulgar.

1787 Sets or Constitutions Royal Boroughs of Scotl. 1 If any Craftsman exerceand merchandize, shall for his good qualities be promoved thereto, [sc. the office of magistrate] in that case, he shall leave his craft.

2. transitive. To further the growth, development, progress, or establishment of (something); = promote v. 2.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > continuing > progress, advance, or further continuance > furtherance > further [verb (transitive)]

furtherc888

to bring onc1230

advancea1250

speeda1300

nourishc1300

avaunt1393

promotec1433

pasture?a1439

advantage?1459

promove1475

preferc1503

conduce1518

to set forth1528

to set forward(s)1530

to take forth1530

fillip1551

help1559

farther1570

foster1571

shoulder1577

to put forward1579

seconda1586

foment1596

hearten1598

to put on1604

fomentate1613

succeed1613

expeditea1618

producea1618

maturate1623

cultivate1641

encourage1677

push1693

forward1780

progress1780

admove1839

1475 in C. Rogers Rental Bk. Cupar-Angus (1879) I. 203 He sal ondyrly and kep our conyngar..and promovfe and put yt to al profit at is povar.

1566 Let. Gen. Assembly Ch. Scot. to Eng. Ch. 19 To promove the Kingdom of Jesus Christ.

1580 Breif Descr. Well of Woman Hil sig. A.3 Sic watter..keipis the stomak from corruptioun and promouis the haill faculteis quhilkis gouernis mannis body.

1613 A. Sherley Relation Trav. Persia 135 Let not your desires of promoving this great..businesse, blind you from foreseeing all sorts of preoccupations, which..you..may perchance find greater.

a1642 J. Suckling Poems 5 in Fragmenta Aurea (1646) It is impossible, nor can Integrity our ends promove.

1677 T. Gale Court of Gentiles: Pt. III iii. 19 Making use of the Christian Religion only as a blind or politic medium to promove their gain.

1702 C. Mather Magnalia Christi iv. ii. iv. Ded. 163/2 The Sons of the Prophets, whose Establishment in the present Truth, I am..under an Obligation to promove.

1712 in W. Macgill Old Ross-shire & Scotl. (1909) I. 328 I will at length be very willing your honor promove my payment in specie or some other good debitor.

1744 Ayr Presb. Reg. MS 8 Aug. The Presbytry are of the opinion that this was a bad expedient for promoving the peaceable and comfortable setlement of the place.

a1859 W. Watt Poems & Songs (1860) 279 Wake not the glow of hopeless love, Which only can despair promove, And seal my hapless lot!

3. transitive. To move (a person) mentally; to provoke, incite.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > will > motivation > motivate [verb (transitive)] > incite or instigate > impel or prompt

shapec1330

causec1340

servec1380

treat1387

movec1390

promove1477

promote1530

instinct1549

misgive1587

prompt1602

apprompt1605

1477 W. Caxton tr. R. Le Fèvre Hist. Jason (1913) 10 To this promouid him enuye and disloyal detraccion.

1637 G. Gillespie Dispute against Eng.-Popish Ceremonies Epist. sig. B3^v A Law ought to draw back men from evill,..it ought also to promove them unto good.

a1714 Earl of Cromarty Hist. Family Mackenzie in W. Fraser Earls of Cromartie (1876) II. 488 The country men who nowe, for fear, depend on him and disowin me, will, no doubt, on the same motives, promoved with my just title, owin me againest all other injurious pretenders.

4. intransitive. To move on, advance, make progress.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > forward movement > move forward or advance [verb (intransitive)]

wadeOE

agoOE

forthganga1000

forthgoOE

syeOE

kenc1275

to-stepc1275

vaunce1303

forthnima1325

passc1330

throc1330

forthpass1382

to pass forthc1384

to carry forthc1390

proceedc1392

to go alongc1400

to be forthwardc1430

get) groundc1436

to set onc1450

avauntc1460

pretend1481

to make way1490

advance?1507

to get forward1523

promove1570

to rid ground (also space)1572

to rid (the) way1581

progressa1586

to gather grounda1593

to make forth1594

to make on1597

to work up1603

perge1607

to work one's (also its) way1609

to pass on1611

to gain ground1625

to make its way1645

vadea1660

propagate1700

to gain one's way1777

further1789

to pull up1829

on1840

to make (up) ground1921

the world > action or operation > continuing > progress, advance, or further continuance > progress or advance in an action [verb (intransitive)] > make progress or advance (of action or operation)

fremec1000

furtherc1200

profit1340

to go onc1449

grow1487

to commence to, intoa1500

framea1529

to get ground?1529

movec1540

work1566

promove1570

advance1577

devolve1579

to come on1584

progress1612

to gain ground1625

germinate1640

proceed1670

to gather ground1697

march1702

to make its way1711

to come forward1722

develop1744

to turn a wheel1864

shape1865

come1899

1570 G. Buchanan Chamæleon in Vernac. Writings (1892) 43 This monsture promovit to sic maturitie of aige as it could easelie flatter and imitat euery manis countenance.

1627 S. Ward Happinesse of Pract. 38 We can doe iust nothing, but lye becalmed and vnable to moue or promoue as a Ship on the Sea.

1655 W. Gurnall Christian in Armour: 1st Pt. 79 How few are there who endeavour thus to promove in their spiritual state.

5. transitive. To transfer or remove (a person) to another place. rare.

ΚΠ

a1600 ( W. Stewart tr. H. Boece Bk. Cron. Scotl. (1858) II. 329 Tha war promouit till ane vther place At will..of the kingis grace.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2007; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	promove
释义	† promovev. Forms: late Middle English 1600s promoue, 1600s–1700s promove; Scottish pre-1700 promof, pre-1700 promoif, pre-1700 promooue, pre-1700 promoove, pre-1700 promoue, pre-1700 promov, pre-1700 promovfe, pre-1700 promowe, pre-1700 promuff, pre-1700 promuif, pre-1700 promwiff, pre-1700 1700s–1800s promove, 1800s promuve. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French promoveir; Latin prōmovēre. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman promoveir, Middle French promover, promovoir, promouvoir (also pormovoir , pourmouvoir ; French promouvoir ) to advance (someone) to a higher grade or office (c1200 in Old French), to support (a demand) (a1340), to assure the advancement of (a1475) and its etymon classical Latin prōmovēre promote v. Compare Old Occitan promoure (13th cent.), promover (1512), Catalan promoure (1344), Spanish promover (14th cent.), Portuguese promover (15th cent.), Italian promuovere (a1292). Compare earlier promote v. Chiefly Scottish. Obsolete. 1. transitive. To advance (a person) to a higher grade or office; = promote v. 1. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > prosperity > advancement or progress > [verb (transitive)] > raise in prosperity, power, or rank > advance or promote (a person) > to some status prefera1393 promote1402 promovec1425 represent1435 move1556 c1425 Bk. Found. St. Bartholomew's (1923) 34 (MED) Erle blesence..promouyd Theobalde beccence in-to the Archebisshope of Cawntirbery. 1485 Acts Parl. Scotl. II. 171/2 That sen he has promovit..Robert Blacater to the bischopric of Glasgw. a1522 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid (1960) vii. Pref. Lat euery nobyll Prynce..luf vertew and iustice, heat vyce, punys euyll men, and promowe gud men. a1578 R. Lindsay Hist. & Cron. Scotl. (1899) I. 62 [He] laborit daylie to promove his freindis to honour and dignatie. 1609 A. Gardyne Garden Grave & Godlie Flowres sig. L4 Behold.., The Proud deprest, and simple Spreits promou'd. 1675 J. Brydall Jus Imaginis apud Nobilis 2 Nobility being then a Quality or Dignity, whereby a Man is..promoved out of, and above the Estate of the vulgar. 1787 Sets or Constitutions Royal Boroughs of Scotl. 1 If any Craftsman exerceand merchandize, shall for his good qualities be promoved thereto, [sc. the office of magistrate] in that case, he shall leave his craft. 2. transitive. To further the growth, development, progress, or establishment of (something); = promote v. 2. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > continuing > progress, advance, or further continuance > furtherance > further [verb (transitive)] furtherc888 to bring onc1230 advancea1250 speeda1300 nourishc1300 avaunt1393 promotec1433 pasture?a1439 advantage?1459 promove1475 preferc1503 conduce1518 to set forth1528 to set forward(s)1530 to take forth1530 fillip1551 help1559 farther1570 foster1571 shoulder1577 to put forward1579 seconda1586 foment1596 hearten1598 to put on1604 fomentate1613 succeed1613 expeditea1618 producea1618 maturate1623 cultivate1641 encourage1677 push1693 forward1780 progress1780 admove1839 1475 in C. Rogers Rental Bk. Cupar-Angus (1879) I. 203 He sal ondyrly and kep our conyngar..and promovfe and put yt to al profit at is povar. 1566 Let. Gen. Assembly Ch. Scot. to Eng. Ch. 19 To promove the Kingdom of Jesus Christ. 1580 Breif Descr. Well of Woman Hil sig. A.3 Sic watter..keipis the stomak from corruptioun and promouis the haill faculteis quhilkis gouernis mannis body. 1613 A. Sherley Relation Trav. Persia 135 Let not your desires of promoving this great..businesse, blind you from foreseeing all sorts of preoccupations, which..you..may perchance find greater. a1642 J. Suckling Poems 5 in Fragmenta Aurea (1646) It is impossible, nor can Integrity our ends promove. 1677 T. Gale Court of Gentiles: Pt. III iii. 19 Making use of the Christian Religion only as a blind or politic medium to promove their gain. 1702 C. Mather Magnalia Christi iv. ii. iv. Ded. 163/2 The Sons of the Prophets, whose Establishment in the present Truth, I am..under an Obligation to promove. 1712 in W. Macgill Old Ross-shire & Scotl. (1909) I. 328 I will at length be very willing your honor promove my payment in specie or some other good debitor. 1744 Ayr Presb. Reg. MS 8 Aug. The Presbytry are of the opinion that this was a bad expedient for promoving the peaceable and comfortable setlement of the place. a1859 W. Watt Poems & Songs (1860) 279 Wake not the glow of hopeless love, Which only can despair promove, And seal my hapless lot! 3. transitive. To move (a person) mentally; to provoke, incite. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > motivation > motivate [verb (transitive)] > incite or instigate > impel or prompt shapec1330 causec1340 servec1380 treat1387 movec1390 promove1477 promote1530 instinct1549 misgive1587 prompt1602 apprompt1605 1477 W. Caxton tr. R. Le Fèvre Hist. Jason (1913) 10 To this promouid him enuye and disloyal detraccion. 1637 G. Gillespie Dispute against Eng.-Popish Ceremonies Epist. sig. B3^v A Law ought to draw back men from evill,..it ought also to promove them unto good. a1714 Earl of Cromarty Hist. Family Mackenzie in W. Fraser Earls of Cromartie (1876) II. 488 The country men who nowe, for fear, depend on him and disowin me, will, no doubt, on the same motives, promoved with my just title, owin me againest all other injurious pretenders. 4. intransitive. To move on, advance, make progress. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > forward movement > move forward or advance [verb (intransitive)] wadeOE agoOE forthganga1000 forthgoOE syeOE kenc1275 to-stepc1275 vaunce1303 forthnima1325 passc1330 throc1330 forthpass1382 to pass forthc1384 to carry forthc1390 proceedc1392 to go alongc1400 to be forthwardc1430 get) groundc1436 to set onc1450 avauntc1460 pretend1481 to make way1490 advance?1507 to get forward1523 promove1570 to rid ground (also space)1572 to rid (the) way1581 progressa1586 to gather grounda1593 to make forth1594 to make on1597 to work up1603 perge1607 to work one's (also its) way1609 to pass on1611 to gain ground1625 to make its way1645 vadea1660 propagate1700 to gain one's way1777 further1789 to pull up1829 on1840 to make (up) ground1921 the world > action or operation > continuing > progress, advance, or further continuance > progress or advance in an action [verb (intransitive)] > make progress or advance (of action or operation) fremec1000 furtherc1200 profit1340 to go onc1449 grow1487 to commence to, intoa1500 framea1529 to get ground?1529 movec1540 work1566 promove1570 advance1577 devolve1579 to come on1584 progress1612 to gain ground1625 germinate1640 proceed1670 to gather ground1697 march1702 to make its way1711 to come forward1722 develop1744 to turn a wheel1864 shape1865 come1899 1570 G. Buchanan Chamæleon in Vernac. Writings (1892) 43 This monsture promovit to sic maturitie of aige as it could easelie flatter and imitat euery manis countenance. 1627 S. Ward Happinesse of Pract. 38 We can doe iust nothing, but lye becalmed and vnable to moue or promoue as a Ship on the Sea. 1655 W. Gurnall Christian in Armour: 1st Pt. 79 How few are there who endeavour thus to promove in their spiritual state. 5. transitive. To transfer or remove (a person) to another place. rare. ΚΠ a1600 ( W. Stewart tr. H. Boece Bk. Cron. Scotl. (1858) II. 329 Tha war promouit till ane vther place At will..of the kingis grace. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2007; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < v.c1425
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