procurev.

Brit.

/prəˈkjʊə/,

/prəˈkjɔː/, U.S.

/prəˈkjʊ(ə)r/,

/proʊˈkjʊ(ə)r/

Forms: Middle English procore, Middle English procour, Middle English procoure, Middle English procre, Middle English procuri, Middle English procurre, Middle English procury, Middle English procyre, Middle English proker, Middle English prokere, Middle English prokir, Middle English prokore, Middle English prokure, Middle English–1600s procur, Middle English–1600s procurd (past tense and past participle), Middle English– procure, 1500s proocvre; Scottish pre-1700 proceur, pre-1700 procuir, pre-1700 procuire, pre-1700 procur, pre-1700 procurat (past participle), pre-1700 procurate (past participle), pre-1700 procuratt (past participle), pre-1700 procuyr, pre-1700 procvr, pre-1700 procwir, pre-1700 procwr, pre-1700 procwre, pre-1700 1700s– procure.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French procurer; Latin prōcūrāre.

Etymology: < (i) Anglo-Norman and Middle French procurer (French procurer ) to have the care of (1180), to intercede, plead (mid 13th cent.), to carry (something) out, to occupy oneself with (something) as procurator or agent (late 13th cent.), to cause, bring about (late 13th cent.), to obtain (c1290), to take care of (14th cent.), in Anglo-Norman also to prevail upon (a person to commit an unlawful act) (c1290), to suborn or pack (a jury or juror) (a1325), and its etymon (ii) classical Latin prōcūrāre to look after, take care of, attend to, to take charge of, administer, in post-classical Latin also to obtain, gain (6th cent.), to bring about (frequently from 8th cent. in British sources), to suborn jurors or electors (from c1275 in British sources) < prō- pro- prefix¹ + cūrāre cure v.¹A number of the Middle English and Older Scots forms apparently result from reduced stress on the second syllable as a result of the primary stress falling on the first syllable. In Middle English prefixed and unprefixed forms of the past participle are attested (see y- prefix). The semantic development of branch IV. is unclear.

I. To obtain; to bring about.

†1.

a. transitive. To contrive or devise with care (an action or proceeding); to try to bring about, esp. to bring (usually something harmful) upon a person. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > endeavour > attempt [verb (transitive)] > attempt to effect

seekc1000

procurec1300

to stand for ——1531

drift1596

enround1606

the mind > will > intention > planning > plotting > plot (a purpose) or hatch (a plot [verb (transitive)]

compass1297

procurec1300

purchasec1300

contrivec1330

conspirec1384

brewc1386

awaitc1400

surmise1509

devisec1515

practise1531

machinate1537

forge1547

hatch1565

plot1589

pack1590

appost1602

feign1690

intrigue1747

scheme1767

c1300 St. Thomas Becket (Laud) 1258 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 142 (MED) A-morewe comen þis bischopes..To procuri seint thomas al þat vuel þat heo miȝten do.

c1330 Seven Sages (Auch.) (1933) 1067 (MED) He þe procurez..Al þe sschame þat he mai.

a1450–1509 (?a1300) Richard Coer de Lyon (A-version) (1913) 1738 (MED) I praye the, Syr Tanker kynge, Procure [v.r. prokir] me none evyll thynge!

1484 W. Caxton tr. Subtyl Historyes & Fables Esope v Ofte..the euyll whiche is procured to other cometh to hym whiche procureth it.

1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 667/1 I procure, I cause a thyng to be done, or I devyse meanes to bringe a thynge to passe, je procure.

1574 J. Baret Aluearie P 674 To Procure hatred or ill will to menne. Struere odium in aliquos.

1620 J. Wilkinson Treat. Statutes conc. Coroners & Sherifes (new ed.) 136 Yee shall reasonably and honestly procure the profit of the corporation of this Towne.

1678 G. Mackenzie Laws & Customes Scotl. (1678) i. viii. §5 71 The administrating drinks or medicaments to procure or increase love.

b. intransitive. To endeavour (also: to connive, conspire) to do something; to expend effort, strive for something, or unto an end; to use means, take measures. Also without construction. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > endeavour > make an attempt or endeavour [verb (intransitive)]

fanda1225

procurea1325

assay1370

workc1384

to put oneself in pressc1390

purchasec1400

buskc1450

study1483

fend15..

try1534

enterprise1547

to make an attempt?c1550

to give the venture1589

prove1612

nixuriate1623

to lay out1659

essay1715

to bring (also carry, drive, etc.) one's pigs to market1771

to have (or take or give) a crack1836

to make an out1843

to go to market1870

to give it a burl1917

to have a bash (at)1950

a1325 Statutes of Realm (2011) v. 8 Ant ȝif sirreues oþer coroners..withhelien, oþer consenten oþer procuren to withhelie þe felonies þat beth idon in hoere baillies, [etc.].

c1380 Sir Ferumbras (1879) 5826 (MED) He þe gat & forþ þe broȝte; Thar-for ert þow mys-byþoȝte, To procury hym to slee.

a1450 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Lamb.) (1887) i. 7462 (MED) Þis ys þe comune sawe..Þat yuel endyng on þe schal falle; þus þey þrete..& ful yuel þey procure & purchace.

a1450 Generides (Pierpont Morgan) (1865) 9224 (MED) Whan that he in prison was..Lucas him goode spake and honoured And vnto his deliueraunce he procured.

a1450 Pater Noster Richard Ermyte (Westm. Sch. 3) (1967) 6 (MED) Þe feende of helle..procuriþ..to lette men & wiþdrawe hem fro alle þese goode dedis.

c1475 Antichrist & Disciples in J. H. Todd Three Treat. J. Wycklyffe (1851) p. cxxvii (MED) Crist fleed from secular lordschip & office; þei procuren fast to haue it.

1509 Parlyament Deuylles (de Worde) (ad fin.) Who that wyll for heuen procure, Kepe hym fro the deuylles combrement.

1548 N. Udall et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. I. Pref. 3 To procure for the commodities and welth of Englande.

1561 T. Hoby tr. B. Castiglione Courtyer i. sig. D.ii^v Suche a countenaunce as this is,..and not so softe and womanishe as manye procure to haue.

1582 N. Lichefield tr. F. L. de Castanheda 1st Bk. Hist. Discouerie E. Indias i. i. 3 Hee gaue them charge..that they shoulde procure to atteine to the sight of Presbiter Ioan.

1608 R. Johnson Seauen Champions ii. I iv b Rosana..did procure to defend her selfe and offend hir enemie.

c. transitive. To endeavour to get or do. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > endeavour > attempt [verb (transitive)]

fandOE

assayc1300

tryc1315

provec1330

adventurea1387

sayc1390

paina1400

havec1400

practisea1450

afforcec1487

afond1488

attempta1538

procure1574

endeavour1581

offer1611

poacha1616

attent1620

to venture at1623

essay1641

attentate1656

smacka1657

tempt1697

to try at1794

to have a go1802

to make a (good, poor, etc.) fist1833

tackle1847

to have or take a whack at1891

to make (or have, etc.) a stab at (something)1895

to have a dash (at)1916

1574 E. Hellowes tr. A. de Guevara Familiar Epist. 499 For women be of such qualitie, that they procure nothing [Sp. que ninguna cosa tanto procuran] so much as that which is most forbidden them.

a. transitive. To prevail upon, induce, persuade, get (a person) to do something. Now Criminal Law.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > will > motivation > persuasion > persuade (a person) [verb (transitive)] > persuade or prevail upon > to do something

procurea1325

draw1425

inducec1450

draw1531

obtain1558

reduce?a1560

weighc1571

charma1592

obtain1606

bias1660

gain1681

import1825

wangle1926

a1325 (?c1300) Northern Passion (Cambr. Gg.1.1) 989 (MED) For he þat procured him to falle, Þei schul ben condempned alle.

a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1882) VIII. 239 (MED) Innocencius, þe pope, procurede þe chesers of þe empere forto chese many.

a1425 (?c1384) J. Wyclif Sel. Eng. Wks. (1871) III. 342 (MED) Clement left his office and procuride oþir to helpe him.

c1450 (c1350) Alexander & Dindimus (Bodl.) (1929) 347 Ne we agayn hem to do [read go] nol no gome procre.

a1500 (?c1378) J. Wyclif Eng. Wks. (1880) 444 (MED) Freris procuren comynly boþe lordis & bischops to lette þis preching.

1569 R. Grafton Chron. II. 184 Pope Boniface being informed and procured by the Scottes, sent his letters vnto the king of England.

1579 G. Fenton tr. F. Guicciardini Hist. Guicciardin ii. 97 The newes of the reuolt of Nauaro, procured the king..to make way.

1607 J. Pelling Serm. Providence of God Ep. Ded. sig. A3^v Your Lordship..procured..the Lord Bishop of London..to require it of me.

a1684 J. Evelyn Diary anno 1667 (1955) III. 495 These precious Monuments..I procured him to bestow on the Universite of Oxford.

1736 Hale's Placit. Coron. I. 615 An accessory before is he, that being absent at the time of the felony committed doth yet procure, counsel, command, or abet another to commit a felony.

1756 C. Lucas Ess. Waters ii. 144 The writer is influenced or procured to write for the one, against the other.

1811 J. Burnett Criminal Law 263–6 The causing and procuring to forge, is every day stated, and sustained in cases of Forgery... If that person, in consequence of his mandate, hires or procures in any way a third person to do it.

1828 S. Turner Hist. Anglo-Saxons (ed. 5) I. iii. x. 245 Charlemagne communicates to him [sc. Offa]..his success in procuring the continental Saxons to adopt Christianity.

1904 A. M. Anderson Criminal Law Scotl. (ed. 2) 74 By the Post-Office Act, attempt to procure another to commit a felony or misdemeanour under the Post-Office act is criminal.

1964 Mod. Law Rev. 28 iii. 274 If twenty full-time union officials procure workers to strike in breach of contract in furthering a trade dispute, Section 3[1] still protects them.

1992 New Law Jrnl. (Lexis) 19 June 870 A husband or cohabitee would be liable for assault if he raped his wife (as a first offence) but for rape if he procured another to do so.

†b. transitive. Law. To suborn, bribe (a witness, jury member, etc.). Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > illegal payment or exaction > [verb (transitive)] > bribe > to give false evidence

procure1433

subornate1537

suborn1538

subordinate1583

1433 Rolls of Parl. IV. 476/1 The seid Town Clerk examen hem by here othes whether they..be procured to chese eny persone in especiall'.

1574 J. Baret Aluearie P 675 A witnesse procured with money, or bribes. Conflatus pecunia testis.

1620 J. Wilkinson Treat. Statutes conc. Coroners & Sherifes (new ed.) 44 Ye shall..make your pannels your selfe of such persons, as bee..not suspect, nor procured.

c. transitive. With adverbs of direction, esp. hither, thither. To induce or prevail upon (a person) to come to a particular place. Now archaic and rare.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > will > motivation > persuasion > persuade (a person) [verb (transitive)] > persuade or prevail upon > to do something > to come (back)

returna1460

procure1541

1541 in State Papers Henry VIII (1830) I. 663 We maye fyshe out of them, whither they were procured or sent hither by any maner of meanes.

1579 in Court Minutes Surrey & Kent Sewer Comm. (London County Council) (1909) 331 Dyuers warnynges & commaundementes haue bene geven to the saied Arnolde to procure him his saied Landlorde into the Courte.

1587 J. Hooker Chron. Ireland 131/2 in Holinshed's Chron. (new ed.) II [They] agreed to cause Tirlough Lennough to procure in the Scots.

1599 W. Shakespeare Romeo & Juliet iii. v. 67 What vnaccustomd cause procures her hither?

a1604 M. Hanmer Chron. Ireland 128 in J. Ware Two Hist. Ireland (1633) Neither were we procured hither to be idle, or to live deliciously.

1625 J. Shirley Love Tricks iv. ii Yonder is a pleasant arbour, procure him thither.

1908 W. Campbell Mordred iii. i, in Poet. Trag. 74 I command..that messengers be sent, on pain of death, to find Sir Gwaine and Sir Launcelot, that if they be not procured here within the present month, the messengers pay the penalty with their bodies.

a. transitive. To acquire or obtain, esp. with care or effort; to gain, get possession of (now the usual sense). In early use also: †to secure the help of, to win (a person) over to one's side; to recruit (obsolete).

ΘΚΠ

the mind > will > motivation > persuasion > persuade (a person) [verb (transitive)] > win over

procurec1325

to gain over1582

bribe1592

overwork1593

overwin1600

smooth1608

overpersuade1639

spirit1656

over-entreata1661

engage1699

to bring over1724

to draw over1734

conciliate1796

to carry over1855

the mind > possession > acquisition > obtain or acquire [verb (transitive)] > obtain or acquire in a certain way > by care or effort

begeteOE

findOE

bewinc1175

getc1175

conquerc1230

reachc1275

procurec1325

makec1350

fishc1374

catchc1384

furneya1400

attainc1405

tillc1440

to pick out1577

to get a gripe ofa1586

secure1743

raise1838

to get one's hooks on (also into)1926

c1325 (c1300) Chron. Robert of Gloucester (Calig.) 11483 (MED) To þe forest of dene sir Ion wende þo & turnde aȝe sir simond & procurede oþer mo.

a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1876) VI. 355 Aluredus..ordeyned comyn scole at Oxenforde..and procrede [?a1475 anon. tr. causede to have] fredom and priveleges in many articles to þat citee.

?a1400 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Petyt) ii. 119 (MED) Mald in Bristow lettres fast sendes Bi messengers trowe, forto procore frendes.

c1450 J. Capgrave Life St. Augustine (1910) 50 (MED) He schuld neuyr procur no wyf to no man.

a1475 Sidrak & Bokkus (Lansd.) (Ph.D. diss., Univ. of Washington) (1965) 10914 (MED) If þou smyte on þe man..And he bygynne to fighte also, Þe deuel procureþ ȝou, boþe two.

a1538 T. Starkey Dial. Pole & Lupset (1989) 5 Hyt ys bettur..for a man being in gret poverty rather to procure some ryches then hye phylosophy.

1556 H. Machyn Diary (1848) 112 The sam day a woman for baldry and procuryng a chyld, she and the chyld beyng on the pelere; the wyche she was her chyld browth to hordome.

1596 J. Dalrymple tr. J. Leslie Hist. Scotl. (1888) I. 256 To him selfe he procuiret the fame of all æquitie.

1611 M. Smith in Bible (King James) Transl. Pref. 2 This..procured to him great obloquie.

1645 J. Winthrop Declar. Former Passages 6 The English should withdraw their Garrison from Uncas, or they would take it as a breach of former covenants, & would procure as many Moquauks as the English should affront them with.

1681 W. Todd Let. 2 June in R. Law Eng. in W. Afr. (1997) I. 308 One of the chiefe men came a board to give the Captain an invitation ashoare and told us of much slaves they could procure in a little time for us.

1718 Lady M. W. Montagu Let. 19 May (1965) I. 412 Things that tis very easy to procure lists of.

1776 Carlisle Mag. 7 Sept. 143 She endeavoured to procure employment as a needle-woman.

1792 H. H. Brackenridge Mod. Chivalry (1937) I. v. i. 108 The commissioners will doubtless be glad to see us, and procure from government an allowance for the treaty.

1866 Rural Amer. (Utica, N.Y.) 15 Dec. 371/3 Although it may not be profitable for each farmer to own a saw, yet two or more may join together, and get a saw in partnership, or one may procure a saw and do work for the neighborhood.

1874 J. R. Green Short Hist. Eng. People iii. §4. 134 Books were difficult and sometimes even impossible to procure.

1909 Chatterbox 18/1 Most of the crews were ashore, procuring water and provisions, and it may be, plundering the island of whatever they could find.

1946 Ann. Reg. 1945 100 The difficulties of procuring American aid for Britain on acceptable terms.

1988 W. M. Clarke Secret Life Wilkie Collins v. 47 His father procured him a reader's ticket at the British Museum.

b. intransitive. To act as a procurer (procurer n. 5b) or procuress. Usually with for. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > morality > moral evil > licentiousness > unchastity > prostitution > [verb (intransitive)] > procure or pimp

panderize1598

ruffianize1611

procurea1616

pimpa1640

bawd1647

bludge1937

a1616 W. Shakespeare Measure for Measure (1623) iii. i. 321 How doth my deere Morsell, thy Mistris? Procures she still?

1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Procure,..is also taken in an ill Sense, for to act as a Pimp or Bawd.

1708 T. Baker Fine Lady's Airs iv. 47 When we're Young, fit to toy, Gay Delights we enjoy, And have Crouds of new Lovers wooing; When we're old and decay'd, We procure for the Trade, Still in ev'ry Age we are doing.

1745 Ld. Chesterfield Let. 30 Apr. (1932) (modernized text) III. 604 Juno..offers to procure for Æolus, by way of bribe.

1981 United Press Internat. Newswire (Nexis) 17 Dec. The complaint charges Mulholland with..attempting to procure for prostitution in connection with a July 31 incident in Vancouver, British Columbia.

2004 Independent (Nexis) 19 May He had been accustomed to travel round the ritziest of circuits with his mother, Violet—posing as a glamorous star couple (her unspoken role to use her pulling power to procure for him).

c. transitive. To obtain (a person, usually a woman) as a prostitute or illicit sexual partner for another person.

ΘΚΠ

society > morality > moral evil > licentiousness > unchastity > prostitution > [verb (transitive)] > procure

palliardize1644

pimp1683

procure1891

1891 Daily News 26 Jan. 7/2 Charged..at the Lambeth Police-court, on Saturday, with that he did by false pretences procure E. A. H.

1958 R. K. Narayan Guide vii. 114 There was a group who wanted to assault me because I said I could not procure girls for them.

1978 K. J. Dover Greek Homosexuality iii. 157 The joke about ‘procuring’ pupils for philosophers.

2004 Daily Mail 21 July 37 Two of many local sex criminals who procured girls for their important ‘clients’.

a. transitive. To bring about, cause, or produce, esp. with care or effort; to cause to be done. Now archaic and rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > existence and causation > causation > [verb (transitive)]

wieldeOE

timberc897

letc900

rearOE

doOE

i-wendeOE

workOE

makeOE

bringc1175

raisec1175

shapec1315

to owe (also have) a wold (also on wield)a1325

procurec1330

purchasec1330

causec1340

conform1377

performa1382

excite1398

induce1413

occasionate?c1450

occasionc1454

to bring about1480

gara1500

to bring to passc1513

encause1527

to work out1534

inferc1540

excitate?1549

import1550

ycause1563

frame1576

effect1581

to bring in1584

effectuatea1586

apport?1591

introduce1605

create1607

generate1607

cast1633

efficiate1639

conciliate1646

impetrate1647

state1654

accompass1668

to bring to bear1668

to bring on1671

effectivate1717

makee1719

superinduce1837

birth1913

c1330 (?a1300) Arthour & Merlin (Auch.) (1973) 1637 (MED) Þou hast procourd fro fer Þe ded of Moyne, þe riȝt air.

a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1874) V. 215 (MED) Þe emperesse Eudoxia had i-procured [v.r. y-prokered] þe out puttyng [L. procuravit ejectionem] of Iohn.

a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1876) VI. 243 (MED) Offa..sente Alcuinus..to Charles, kyng of Fraunce, for to procure pees.

?a1425 (?c1350) Northern Passion (Rawl.) 716 (MED) Þou þis tresone procurd has.

?c1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (Paris) (1971) 117 (MED) Aboue alle þinges he schal procure good digestioun.

c1440 (a1349) R. Rolle Eng. Prose Treat. (1921) 12 All maner of wilfull pollusyone procurede one any maner agaynes kyndly oys.

1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) vi. l. 867 Erll off Stamffurd..tuk on hand, To procur pes be ony maner off cace.

1540 Act 32 Hen. VIII c. 9 §3 That no maner of personne..doo herafter unlaufully maineteyne or cause or procure any unlaufull mayntenance in any action.

a1555 J. Bradford in J. Strype Eccl. Memorials (1721) III. App. xxx. 84 It is we..that have sinned, and procured thy grievous Wrath upon us.

1615 G. Sandys Relation of Journey i. 66 A drinke called Coffa..which helpeth..digestion, and procureth alacrity.

1677 W. Harris tr. N. Lémery Course Chym. i. ix. 118 This preparation is esteemed good to procure Sweat.

1748 T. Smollett Roderick Random I. xii. 93 This second sneer, procured another laugh against him.

1783 S. Johnson Let. 12 Apr. (1994) IV. 122 If you could procure the revocation of this incapacitating edict.

1807 T. Young Course Lect. Nat. Philos. I. xxviii. 336 It is frequently necessary to procure alternate motion in pumps by means of wheelwork.

1861 E. O'Curry Lect. Manuscript Materials Anc. Irish Hist. 252 His uncle Cobhthach soon procured his death by means of a poisoned drink.

1914 E. von Arnim Pastor's Wife x. 105 She wished, unhappy girl, to enjoy the advantages and privileges of the forgiven state while continuing in the sin that had procured the forgiveness.

1992 Mind 101 61 To be motivated to procure this or that outcome is to have a certain goal, which is precisely, in our terminology, to be in a state with the telic direction of fit.

b. transitive. With that-clause as object. To arrange. Now archaic and rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > carrying out > execute, perform, or carry out [verb (transitive)] > achieve or effect

helpc1410

obtain?a1425

procurec1425

practise?a1439

upholdc1450

furnish1477

to bring about1480

to bring to passc1513

conduce1518

contrive1530

to make good1535

moyen1560

effect1581

effectuatea1586

to level out1606

operate1637

to carry offa1640

efficiate1639

work1761

engineer1831

c1425 J. Lydgate Troyyes Bk. (Augustus A.iv) iv. 174 (MED) I haue do my cure With al my wit to helpen & procure Þat euery þing touching þe commovnte Perseuere myȝt in prosperite.

a1500 (c1340) R. Rolle Psalter (Univ. Oxf. 64) (1884) lxviii. 12 Sum procurd that i sould dye.

1551 R. Robinson tr. T. More Vtopia sig. Ai^v He is mynded to procure that he maye be sent thether.

1654 tr. M. Martini Bellum Tartaricum 226 I will procure all Europe shall understand the Issue of these prodigious revolutions.

1711 Medley No. 40 They procur'd that Mony shou'd be lent at 5 per Cent.

1894 R. Bridges Feast of Bacchus i. 301 Could you procure that I should speak with her?

1910 Encycl. Brit. V. 134/2 Wolsey..procured that he himself should be joined to the legation as senior legate.

1996 Ann. Rep. Gen. Council of Bar 1995 19/2 In particular the Bar Council is invited..(b) to procure that the regulations governing applications for re-call of ex-barristers who have voluntarily disbarred clearly set out the criteria for determination of such applications.

c. transitive. To cause or get (a person or thing) to be treated in a specified way. Now chiefly Law.

ΘΚΠ

the world > existence and causation > causation > [verb (transitive)] > cause to do or cause to act > cause to be done (to someone or something)

haveOE

to gar makec1330

gara1375

procurec1450

get?a1513

c1450 Form Excommun. (Douce 60) in G. Kristensson John Mirk's Instr. Parish Priests (1974) 104 (MED) We accorsen..al þat vnrightfully defameth eny person or prokereth to be famed.

1469 in W. P. Ellis & H. E. Salter Liber Albus Civitatis Oxoniensis (1909) 79 (MED) To this my..laste will I put to my seale..And..the seale of the office of the Mayralte of the towne of Oxford to this my present testament have procured to be putt to.

1509 Bp. J. Fisher Wks. (1876) 297 It is not vnknowen how studyously she procured Iustyce to be admynystred.

1577 B. Googe tr. C. Heresbach Foure Bks. Husbandry i. f. 7^v Procuring him to be sent in embassage.

1661 F. Bacon Civil Char. Julius Cæsar in Resuscitatio (ed. 2) 284 He procured to be enacted no wholsom Lawes.

c1669 Life M. Rawdon (Camden) 12 Hir father, and hir entended husband the Barron..procured the gates of the cittie to be shutt up and garded, till they had made search in all inns and other likely places for hir.

1724 A. Collins Disc. Grounds Christian Relig. 34 They procur'd him to be crucify'd.

1795 W. Paley View Evidences Christianity (ed. 3) II. ii. ix. 228 [Nero] procured the Christians to be accused.

1866 W. D. Howells Venetian Life v. 68 An ingenious lover procured his..rival to be arrested for lunacy.

1897 Times Law Rep. 13 570/1 The Globe Company shall underwrite, or procure to be underwritten,..the first issue of 250,000 shares.

1920 Times 16 July 18/3 (advt.) Shares will not be allotted by way of original issue, but the Company will procure them to be transferred to the applicants free of cost.

1952 Times 30 May 3/5 [They] pleaded..Not Guilty to causing or procuring that boy to be ill-treated.

†d. transitive. With infinitive as object. To manage (to do or be something). Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > prosperity > success > succeed or be a success [verb (intransitive)] > achieve success (of persons) > succeed in doing anything

wina1300

covera1375

gaina1375

to prevail to1474

to make shift of1504

attain1523

obtaina1529

frame1545

procure1559

to finish to1594

succeed1839

1559 W. Baldwin et al. Myrroure for Magistrates Tiptoft f. lxv^v Eyther I must procure to se them dead, Or for contempt as a traytour lose my head.

1587 A. Fleming et al. Holinshed's Chron. (new ed.) III. Contin. 1378/2 Sir Roger Manwood..procured to passe another act of parlement,..wherein is further prouision made for the said bridge.

1678 R. Barclay Apol. True Christian Divinity ii. iii. 25 Men..have procured to be esteemed as Masters of Christianity, by certain Artificial Tricks.

†5. transitive. To try to induce or persuade; to urge, press. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > will > motivation > motivate [verb (transitive)] > incite or instigate > try to persuade

stirc1380

pressc1440

fanda1500

attempta1547

invite1548

procure1551

to threap (something) upon1571

to set upon ——1652

flog1793

1551 King Edward VI Let. Sir B. Fitz-Patrick 20 Dec. in Lit. Rem. (Roxb.) I. 69 If yow be vehemently procured yow may goe as waiting on the king.

1581 J. Bell tr. W. Haddon & J. Foxe Against Jerome Osorius 219 b Where did he euer shake of the obedience of due allegeaunce? or procured any Subjectes to rebellion agaynst their Gouernours?

1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene iii. i. sig. Bb5 The famous Briton Prince and Faery Knight,..Of the faire Alma greatly were procur'd, To make there lenger soiourne and abode.

†II. To plead or solicit.

a. transitive. To plead or petition for; to solicit. Obsolete (Scottish in later use).Also with infinitive as object.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > speech > request > request or ask for [verb (transitive)] > petition

procurea1387

motion1476

solicit1530

supplication1593

supplicate1601

petition1607

petitionate1624

move1633

address1698

bill1722

a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1879) VII. 495 (MED) Suche delievrance was i-procured and i-ordeyned, þat þe kyng schulde be restored aȝen to þe kyngdom and þe eorle to his lordschepe..but þe eorle wolde nouȝt assente.

a1500 tr. A. Chartier Traité de l'Esperance (Rawl.) (1974) 122 (MED) The seconde [petition] procureth remission of fautes passed.

a1573 W. Lauder Minor Poems (1870) ii. 90 Quhairfore, lat euerie creature The mercyis of grit God procure.

1596 J. Dalrymple tr. J. Leslie Hist. Scotl. (1888) I. 209 The Britanis fell in ciuil discorde burning hett procuiring helpe of the Romanis contrare the Peychtes and Scottis bot in vane, for thay grant thame na helpe.

b. transitive and intransitive. Scottish. To collect or solicit (alms or offerings). Obsolete.

ΚΠ

1499 (c1580) in J. D. Marwick Extracts Rec. Burgh Edinb. (1869) I. 79 And for helping of the pure bedrentis to thair sustentatioun ilk nychtbour..sall pas his day about in the toun and procure almois to thame,..and quha that refusses to pas and procuris nocht the almois sall pay [etc.].

1518 Edinb. Hammermen f. 97^v, in Dict. Older Sc. Tongue at Procur(e Gevin in wyn to thaim at procurit on Sanct Loyis day xij d.

1521 in A. Maxwell Old Dundee (1891) 23 That the bred sall gang to procure offerings to Sanct Thomas.

1554–5 in J. D. Marwick Extracts Rec. Burgh Edinb. (1871) 211 Doctour Smyth..wes ane of the gild seriandis and procurit to the bedderrellis of Sanct Mary Wynd.

1587–8 Rec. Perth Kirk Session in A. J. Mill Mediæv. Plays (1927) 281 Also giff ony off the said craft be found to procwir for siclyke offending [sc. a folk play] heireftir thai sall [etc.].

c. intransitive. Chiefly Scottish. To plead, beg; to petition. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > speech > request > make a request [verb (intransitive)] > make or present a petition

to put (up) a billa1387

procurea1500

move1638

pray1754

memorial1764

a1500 (?a1450) Gesta Romanorum (Harl. 7333) (1879) 296 (MED) It is goode þat I procour for pese, þat I may haue rest of him.

1563 N. Winȝet Certain Tractates (1888) I. 57 For in defence of that thing only procuir I, quhilk..the haill Kirk of God..maist clerlie appreuis.

1568 R. Norvall in G. A. Panton & J. B. Murdoch Bannatyne MS. (1896) II. 51 Thairfoir to God for grace procure: He that wold leif most lerne to dy.

a1578 R. Lindsay Hist. & Cron. Scotl. (1899) I. ii. xxiii. 351 The king..procurit for his lyfe at the bischopis handis.

a1615 Balnagown MS in W. R. Baillie Breve Cron. Earlis of Ross (1850) 13 He procurit to him, by nature inclynit to follow such counsel, to mak war in his favour.

a1650 D. Calderwood Hist. Kirk Scotl. (1842) I. 224 The Erle of Angus and his brother Sir George..procured for the Abbacie of Arbrothe and a graunt therof was made.

7. intransitive. To act as a procurator or legal agent. Also (in quot. 1529): to act through a proctor or attorney. Obsolete (Scottish in later use).

ΘΚΠ

society > law > legal profession > practice law [verb (intransitive)] > act as solicitor

procurea1425

solicit1596

a1425 J. Wyclif Sel. Eng. Wks. (1869) I. 383 (MED) Many trewe men, boþe aprentis and avocatis, wolen no procure in a cause bifore þat þei heeren it.

1528 T. Wolsey in State Papers Henry VIII (1830) I. 291 What promysse I demaunded of the said Emperours Ambassadour, who said he wolde procure for restitution.

1529 in J. Strype Memorials T. Cranmer (1694) App. xviii.36 There should be as many..admitted to procure there as shuld be seen convenient to my said Lord of Canterbury.

?1536 ( Jack Upland 346 in W. W. Skeat Chaucerian & Other Pieces (1897) 201 The wysest and gretest clerkes of you wende or sende or procure to the court of Rome, to be mad cardinales or bishoppes.

1539 Sc. Acts Jas. V (1814) II. 353/2 Ane writing subscriuit be þe kingis grace..chargeing him & certane vþeris his collegis to procure for þe said James.

1600 in R. Pitcairn Criminal Trials Scotl. (1833) II. 131 Ansueris the preloquutouris, that the partie may procuir for him selff.

a1634 J. Forbes Certaine Rec. in Apol. Narration Kirk of Scotl. (1846) 465 To be in readines to procuir for them.

†III. To care for.

8. transitive. To take care of; to look after; spec. to treat medically. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > care, protection, or charge > care for, protect, or have charge of [verb (transitive)] > take care of or look after

yknowOE

knowlOE

to care forc1230

bihedec1250

beseec1300

to look to ——c1300

seea1325

await1393

observea1425

procurea1425

to look after ——1487

to take (also have) regard to (or of)a1500

regard1526

to see after ——1544

to look unto ——1545

attendc1572

to take care of1579

curea1618

tend1631

to look over ——1670

a1425 Medulla Gram. (Stonyhurst) f. 1^v Acturatus [read Accuratus], bisilich iprocured.

?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 2^v (MED) William de Saliceto &..Lamfranc..procured al wondes with vnguentz & with swete emplasteres.

c1475 tr. Henri de Mondeville Surgery (Wellcome) f. 155^v (MED) Þat þat is greet and superflue schal be..cauterizid wiþ gold hette & procurid wiþ fatnesse of a doke vnto þe escar falle.

a1500 (c1425) Andrew of Wyntoun Oryg. Cron. Scotl. (Nero) vi. l. 357 Bot þe possessoure to procure [a1550 Wemyss trete]..wiþe honoure, And habundance of reches.

a1530 (c1425) Andrew of Wyntoun Oryg. Cron. Scotl. (Royal) viii. xxiv. 3648 Our Kynge Dauid was sende in Frawns, Qwhar he..was..procuryt [v.r. tretit] in al esse ilk deil.

†IV. To advance.

9. transitive (in passive). To be advanced; to be well developed. Obsolete. rare.

ΚΠ

1490 W. Caxton tr. Eneydos xiii. 47 In her thoughte the wounde of ambycyouse desyre..is so procured that she can not hyde it noo lenger.

10. intransitive. To proceed, advance. Obsolete. rare.

ΚΠ

1573 T. Tusser Points Huswifrie (new ed.) f. 25, in Fiue Hundreth Points Good Husbandry (new ed.) His hatred procureth from naughty to wurse His friendship, like Iudas, that carried the purse.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2007; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	procure
释义	† procuren. Forms: late Middle English procure; Scottish pre-1700 procuire, pre-1700 procure. Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: procure v. Etymology: < procure v. Compare Middle French procure power given to someone to act on another's behalf (13th cent. in Old French; French †procure ), post-classical Latin procura power of doing something by or for another (1389). Compare earlier procurement n., procuration n. Obsolete. rare (Scottish in later use). 1. = procurement n. 1a. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > motivation > [noun] > incitement or instigation > by instrumentality of an agent procurementa1325 procuringa1325 procuration?a1425 procure?a1475 the world > action or operation > advantage > usefulness > use (made of things) > instrumentality > [noun] > accomplishment of something by procurementa1325 procuringa1325 procuration?a1425 procure?a1475 procurancy1533 procurance1559 ?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1874) V. 37 (MED) This Comodus..was sleyne in the place vestalle thro the procure and cause of his new wife [L. uxoris quoque suæ obscenitate damnatus]. 1567 R. Sempill Test. & Trag. King Henrie (single sheet) Off Ancus Martius we reid the greit mischance,..Slaine be Lucinio at Tanaquillis procuire. 2. Scottish. = procuration n. 3. ΘΚΠ society > faith > worship > benefice > other financial matters > [noun] > payment made for specific purpose > to provide entertainment procuracyc1300 procurationc1450 proxy1454 procure1522 1522 in J. Robertson & C. Innes Munimenta Univ. Glasguensis (1854) I. 57 Als the said Maister Gilbert..sall releif me..of tuenty four merkis money aucht..to the vicar pensionar of Colmonell and of the deynes visitatioun procure sinage taxtaris contributiounes and subseidis how oft thai happin. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2007; most recently modified version published online June 2021). procurev. Brit. /prəˈkjʊə/, /prəˈkjɔː/, U.S. /prəˈkjʊ(ə)r/, /proʊˈkjʊ(ə)r/ Forms: Middle English procore, Middle English procour, Middle English procoure, Middle English procre, Middle English procuri, Middle English procurre, Middle English procury, Middle English procyre, Middle English proker, Middle English prokere, Middle English prokir, Middle English prokore, Middle English prokure, Middle English–1600s procur, Middle English–1600s procurd (past tense and past participle), Middle English– procure, 1500s proocvre; Scottish pre-1700 proceur, pre-1700 procuir, pre-1700 procuire, pre-1700 procur, pre-1700 procurat (past participle), pre-1700 procurate (past participle), pre-1700 procuratt (past participle), pre-1700 procuyr, pre-1700 procvr, pre-1700 procwir, pre-1700 procwr, pre-1700 procwre, pre-1700 1700s– procure. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French procurer; Latin prōcūrāre. Etymology: < (i) Anglo-Norman and Middle French procurer (French procurer ) to have the care of (1180), to intercede, plead (mid 13th cent.), to carry (something) out, to occupy oneself with (something) as procurator or agent (late 13th cent.), to cause, bring about (late 13th cent.), to obtain (c1290), to take care of (14th cent.), in Anglo-Norman also to prevail upon (a person to commit an unlawful act) (c1290), to suborn or pack (a jury or juror) (a1325), and its etymon (ii) classical Latin prōcūrāre to look after, take care of, attend to, to take charge of, administer, in post-classical Latin also to obtain, gain (6th cent.), to bring about (frequently from 8th cent. in British sources), to suborn jurors or electors (from c1275 in British sources) < prō- pro- prefix¹ + cūrāre cure v.¹A number of the Middle English and Older Scots forms apparently result from reduced stress on the second syllable as a result of the primary stress falling on the first syllable. In Middle English prefixed and unprefixed forms of the past participle are attested (see y- prefix). The semantic development of branch IV. is unclear. I. To obtain; to bring about. †1. a. transitive. To contrive or devise with care (an action or proceeding); to try to bring about, esp. to bring (usually something harmful) upon a person. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > endeavour > attempt [verb (transitive)] > attempt to effect seekc1000 procurec1300 to stand for ——1531 drift1596 enround1606 the mind > will > intention > planning > plotting > plot (a purpose) or hatch (a plot [verb (transitive)] compass1297 procurec1300 purchasec1300 contrivec1330 conspirec1384 brewc1386 awaitc1400 surmise1509 devisec1515 practise1531 machinate1537 forge1547 hatch1565 plot1589 pack1590 appost1602 feign1690 intrigue1747 scheme1767 c1300 St. Thomas Becket (Laud) 1258 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 142 (MED) A-morewe comen þis bischopes..To procuri seint thomas al þat vuel þat heo miȝten do. c1330 Seven Sages (Auch.) (1933) 1067 (MED) He þe procurez..Al þe sschame þat he mai. a1450–1509 (?a1300) Richard Coer de Lyon (A-version) (1913) 1738 (MED) I praye the, Syr Tanker kynge, Procure [v.r. prokir] me none evyll thynge! 1484 W. Caxton tr. Subtyl Historyes & Fables Esope v Ofte..the euyll whiche is procured to other cometh to hym whiche procureth it. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 667/1 I procure, I cause a thyng to be done, or I devyse meanes to bringe a thynge to passe, je procure. 1574 J. Baret Aluearie P 674 To Procure hatred or ill will to menne. Struere odium in aliquos. 1620 J. Wilkinson Treat. Statutes conc. Coroners & Sherifes (new ed.) 136 Yee shall reasonably and honestly procure the profit of the corporation of this Towne. 1678 G. Mackenzie Laws & Customes Scotl. (1678) i. viii. §5 71 The administrating drinks or medicaments to procure or increase love. b. intransitive. To endeavour (also: to connive, conspire) to do something; to expend effort, strive for something, or unto an end; to use means, take measures. Also without construction. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > endeavour > make an attempt or endeavour [verb (intransitive)] fanda1225 procurea1325 assay1370 workc1384 to put oneself in pressc1390 purchasec1400 buskc1450 study1483 fend15.. try1534 enterprise1547 to make an attempt?c1550 to give the venture1589 prove1612 nixuriate1623 to lay out1659 essay1715 to bring (also carry, drive, etc.) one's pigs to market1771 to have (or take or give) a crack1836 to make an out1843 to go to market1870 to give it a burl1917 to have a bash (at)1950 a1325 Statutes of Realm (2011) v. 8 Ant ȝif sirreues oþer coroners..withhelien, oþer consenten oþer procuren to withhelie þe felonies þat beth idon in hoere baillies, [etc.]. c1380 Sir Ferumbras (1879) 5826 (MED) He þe gat & forþ þe broȝte; Thar-for ert þow mys-byþoȝte, To procury hym to slee. a1450 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Lamb.) (1887) i. 7462 (MED) Þis ys þe comune sawe..Þat yuel endyng on þe schal falle; þus þey þrete..& ful yuel þey procure & purchace. a1450 Generides (Pierpont Morgan) (1865) 9224 (MED) Whan that he in prison was..Lucas him goode spake and honoured And vnto his deliueraunce he procured. a1450 Pater Noster Richard Ermyte (Westm. Sch. 3) (1967) 6 (MED) Þe feende of helle..procuriþ..to lette men & wiþdrawe hem fro alle þese goode dedis. c1475 Antichrist & Disciples in J. H. Todd Three Treat. J. Wycklyffe (1851) p. cxxvii (MED) Crist fleed from secular lordschip & office; þei procuren fast to haue it. 1509 Parlyament Deuylles (de Worde) (ad fin.) Who that wyll for heuen procure, Kepe hym fro the deuylles combrement. 1548 N. Udall et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. I. Pref. 3 To procure for the commodities and welth of Englande. 1561 T. Hoby tr. B. Castiglione Courtyer i. sig. D.ii^v Suche a countenaunce as this is,..and not so softe and womanishe as manye procure to haue. 1582 N. Lichefield tr. F. L. de Castanheda 1st Bk. Hist. Discouerie E. Indias i. i. 3 Hee gaue them charge..that they shoulde procure to atteine to the sight of Presbiter Ioan. 1608 R. Johnson Seauen Champions ii. I iv b Rosana..did procure to defend her selfe and offend hir enemie. c. transitive. To endeavour to get or do. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > endeavour > attempt [verb (transitive)] fandOE assayc1300 tryc1315 provec1330 adventurea1387 sayc1390 paina1400 havec1400 practisea1450 afforcec1487 afond1488 attempta1538 procure1574 endeavour1581 offer1611 poacha1616 attent1620 to venture at1623 essay1641 attentate1656 smacka1657 tempt1697 to try at1794 to have a go1802 to make a (good, poor, etc.) fist1833 tackle1847 to have or take a whack at1891 to make (or have, etc.) a stab at (something)1895 to have a dash (at)1916 1574 E. Hellowes tr. A. de Guevara Familiar Epist. 499 For women be of such qualitie, that they procure nothing [Sp. que ninguna cosa tanto procuran] so much as that which is most forbidden them. 2. a. transitive. To prevail upon, induce, persuade, get (a person) to do something. Now Criminal Law. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > motivation > persuasion > persuade (a person) [verb (transitive)] > persuade or prevail upon > to do something procurea1325 draw1425 inducec1450 draw1531 obtain1558 reduce?a1560 weighc1571 charma1592 obtain1606 bias1660 gain1681 import1825 wangle1926 a1325 (?c1300) Northern Passion (Cambr. Gg.1.1) 989 (MED) For he þat procured him to falle, Þei schul ben condempned alle. a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1882) VIII. 239 (MED) Innocencius, þe pope, procurede þe chesers of þe empere forto chese many. a1425 (?c1384) J. Wyclif Sel. Eng. Wks. (1871) III. 342 (MED) Clement left his office and procuride oþir to helpe him. c1450 (c1350) Alexander & Dindimus (Bodl.) (1929) 347 Ne we agayn hem to do [read go] nol no gome procre. a1500 (?c1378) J. Wyclif Eng. Wks. (1880) 444 (MED) Freris procuren comynly boþe lordis & bischops to lette þis preching. 1569 R. Grafton Chron. II. 184 Pope Boniface being informed and procured by the Scottes, sent his letters vnto the king of England. 1579 G. Fenton tr. F. Guicciardini Hist. Guicciardin ii. 97 The newes of the reuolt of Nauaro, procured the king..to make way. 1607 J. Pelling Serm. Providence of God Ep. Ded. sig. A3^v Your Lordship..procured..the Lord Bishop of London..to require it of me. a1684 J. Evelyn Diary anno 1667 (1955) III. 495 These precious Monuments..I procured him to bestow on the Universite of Oxford. 1736 Hale's Placit. Coron. I. 615 An accessory before is he, that being absent at the time of the felony committed doth yet procure, counsel, command, or abet another to commit a felony. 1756 C. Lucas Ess. Waters ii. 144 The writer is influenced or procured to write for the one, against the other. 1811 J. Burnett Criminal Law 263–6 The causing and procuring to forge, is every day stated, and sustained in cases of Forgery... If that person, in consequence of his mandate, hires or procures in any way a third person to do it. 1828 S. Turner Hist. Anglo-Saxons (ed. 5) I. iii. x. 245 Charlemagne communicates to him [sc. Offa]..his success in procuring the continental Saxons to adopt Christianity. 1904 A. M. Anderson Criminal Law Scotl. (ed. 2) 74 By the Post-Office Act, attempt to procure another to commit a felony or misdemeanour under the Post-Office act is criminal. 1964 Mod. Law Rev. 28 iii. 274 If twenty full-time union officials procure workers to strike in breach of contract in furthering a trade dispute, Section 3[1] still protects them. 1992 New Law Jrnl. (Lexis) 19 June 870 A husband or cohabitee would be liable for assault if he raped his wife (as a first offence) but for rape if he procured another to do so. †b. transitive. Law. To suborn, bribe (a witness, jury member, etc.). Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > illegal payment or exaction > [verb (transitive)] > bribe > to give false evidence procure1433 subornate1537 suborn1538 subordinate1583 1433 Rolls of Parl. IV. 476/1 The seid Town Clerk examen hem by here othes whether they..be procured to chese eny persone in especiall'. 1574 J. Baret Aluearie P 675 A witnesse procured with money, or bribes. Conflatus pecunia testis. 1620 J. Wilkinson Treat. Statutes conc. Coroners & Sherifes (new ed.) 44 Ye shall..make your pannels your selfe of such persons, as bee..not suspect, nor procured. c. transitive. With adverbs of direction, esp. hither, thither. To induce or prevail upon (a person) to come to a particular place. Now archaic and rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > motivation > persuasion > persuade (a person) [verb (transitive)] > persuade or prevail upon > to do something > to come (back) returna1460 procure1541 1541 in State Papers Henry VIII (1830) I. 663 We maye fyshe out of them, whither they were procured or sent hither by any maner of meanes. 1579 in Court Minutes Surrey & Kent Sewer Comm. (London County Council) (1909) 331 Dyuers warnynges & commaundementes haue bene geven to the saied Arnolde to procure him his saied Landlorde into the Courte. 1587 J. Hooker Chron. Ireland 131/2 in Holinshed's Chron. (new ed.) II [They] agreed to cause Tirlough Lennough to procure in the Scots. 1599 W. Shakespeare Romeo & Juliet iii. v. 67 What vnaccustomd cause procures her hither? View more context for this quotation a1604 M. Hanmer Chron. Ireland 128 in J. Ware Two Hist. Ireland (1633) Neither were we procured hither to be idle, or to live deliciously. 1625 J. Shirley Love Tricks iv. ii Yonder is a pleasant arbour, procure him thither. 1908 W. Campbell Mordred iii. i, in Poet. Trag. 74 I command..that messengers be sent, on pain of death, to find Sir Gwaine and Sir Launcelot, that if they be not procured here within the present month, the messengers pay the penalty with their bodies. 3. a. transitive. To acquire or obtain, esp. with care or effort; to gain, get possession of (now the usual sense). In early use also: †to secure the help of, to win (a person) over to one's side; to recruit (obsolete). ΘΚΠ the mind > will > motivation > persuasion > persuade (a person) [verb (transitive)] > win over procurec1325 to gain over1582 bribe1592 overwork1593 overwin1600 smooth1608 overpersuade1639 spirit1656 over-entreata1661 engage1699 to bring over1724 to draw over1734 conciliate1796 to carry over1855 the mind > possession > acquisition > obtain or acquire [verb (transitive)] > obtain or acquire in a certain way > by care or effort begeteOE findOE bewinc1175 getc1175 conquerc1230 reachc1275 procurec1325 makec1350 fishc1374 catchc1384 furneya1400 attainc1405 tillc1440 to pick out1577 to get a gripe ofa1586 secure1743 raise1838 to get one's hooks on (also into)1926 c1325 (c1300) Chron. Robert of Gloucester (Calig.) 11483 (MED) To þe forest of dene sir Ion wende þo & turnde aȝe sir simond & procurede oþer mo. a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1876) VI. 355 Aluredus..ordeyned comyn scole at Oxenforde..and procrede [?a1475 anon. tr. causede to have] fredom and priveleges in many articles to þat citee. ?a1400 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Petyt) ii. 119 (MED) Mald in Bristow lettres fast sendes Bi messengers trowe, forto procore frendes. c1450 J. Capgrave Life St. Augustine (1910) 50 (MED) He schuld neuyr procur no wyf to no man. a1475 Sidrak & Bokkus (Lansd.) (Ph.D. diss., Univ. of Washington) (1965) 10914 (MED) If þou smyte on þe man..And he bygynne to fighte also, Þe deuel procureþ ȝou, boþe two. a1538 T. Starkey Dial. Pole & Lupset (1989) 5 Hyt ys bettur..for a man being in gret poverty rather to procure some ryches then hye phylosophy. 1556 H. Machyn Diary (1848) 112 The sam day a woman for baldry and procuryng a chyld, she and the chyld beyng on the pelere; the wyche she was her chyld browth to hordome. 1596 J. Dalrymple tr. J. Leslie Hist. Scotl. (1888) I. 256 To him selfe he procuiret the fame of all æquitie. 1611 M. Smith in Bible (King James) Transl. Pref. 2 This..procured to him great obloquie. 1645 J. Winthrop Declar. Former Passages 6 The English should withdraw their Garrison from Uncas, or they would take it as a breach of former covenants, & would procure as many Moquauks as the English should affront them with. 1681 W. Todd Let. 2 June in R. Law Eng. in W. Afr. (1997) I. 308 One of the chiefe men came a board to give the Captain an invitation ashoare and told us of much slaves they could procure in a little time for us. 1718 Lady M. W. Montagu Let. 19 May (1965) I. 412 Things that tis very easy to procure lists of. 1776 Carlisle Mag. 7 Sept. 143 She endeavoured to procure employment as a needle-woman. 1792 H. H. Brackenridge Mod. Chivalry (1937) I. v. i. 108 The commissioners will doubtless be glad to see us, and procure from government an allowance for the treaty. 1866 Rural Amer. (Utica, N.Y.) 15 Dec. 371/3 Although it may not be profitable for each farmer to own a saw, yet two or more may join together, and get a saw in partnership, or one may procure a saw and do work for the neighborhood. 1874 J. R. Green Short Hist. Eng. People iii. §4. 134 Books were difficult and sometimes even impossible to procure. 1909 Chatterbox 18/1 Most of the crews were ashore, procuring water and provisions, and it may be, plundering the island of whatever they could find. 1946 Ann. Reg. 1945 100 The difficulties of procuring American aid for Britain on acceptable terms. 1988 W. M. Clarke Secret Life Wilkie Collins v. 47 His father procured him a reader's ticket at the British Museum. b. intransitive. To act as a procurer (procurer n. 5b) or procuress. Usually with for. Now rare. ΘΚΠ society > morality > moral evil > licentiousness > unchastity > prostitution > [verb (intransitive)] > procure or pimp panderize1598 ruffianize1611 procurea1616 pimpa1640 bawd1647 bludge1937 a1616 W. Shakespeare Measure for Measure (1623) iii. i. 321 How doth my deere Morsell, thy Mistris? Procures she still? View more context for this quotation 1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Procure,..is also taken in an ill Sense, for to act as a Pimp or Bawd. 1708 T. Baker Fine Lady's Airs iv. 47 When we're Young, fit to toy, Gay Delights we enjoy, And have Crouds of new Lovers wooing; When we're old and decay'd, We procure for the Trade, Still in ev'ry Age we are doing. 1745 Ld. Chesterfield Let. 30 Apr. (1932) (modernized text) III. 604 Juno..offers to procure for Æolus, by way of bribe. 1981 United Press Internat. Newswire (Nexis) 17 Dec. The complaint charges Mulholland with..attempting to procure for prostitution in connection with a July 31 incident in Vancouver, British Columbia. 2004 Independent (Nexis) 19 May He had been accustomed to travel round the ritziest of circuits with his mother, Violet—posing as a glamorous star couple (her unspoken role to use her pulling power to procure for him). c. transitive. To obtain (a person, usually a woman) as a prostitute or illicit sexual partner for another person. ΘΚΠ society > morality > moral evil > licentiousness > unchastity > prostitution > [verb (transitive)] > procure palliardize1644 pimp1683 procure1891 1891 Daily News 26 Jan. 7/2 Charged..at the Lambeth Police-court, on Saturday, with that he did by false pretences procure E. A. H. 1958 R. K. Narayan Guide vii. 114 There was a group who wanted to assault me because I said I could not procure girls for them. 1978 K. J. Dover Greek Homosexuality iii. 157 The joke about ‘procuring’ pupils for philosophers. 2004 Daily Mail 21 July 37 Two of many local sex criminals who procured girls for their important ‘clients’. 4. a. transitive. To bring about, cause, or produce, esp. with care or effort; to cause to be done. Now archaic and rare. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > causation > [verb (transitive)] wieldeOE timberc897 letc900 rearOE doOE i-wendeOE workOE makeOE bringc1175 raisec1175 shapec1315 to owe (also have) a wold (also on wield)a1325 procurec1330 purchasec1330 causec1340 conform1377 performa1382 excite1398 induce1413 occasionate?c1450 occasionc1454 to bring about1480 gara1500 to bring to passc1513 encause1527 to work out1534 inferc1540 excitate?1549 import1550 ycause1563 frame1576 effect1581 to bring in1584 effectuatea1586 apport?1591 introduce1605 create1607 generate1607 cast1633 efficiate1639 conciliate1646 impetrate1647 state1654 accompass1668 to bring to bear1668 to bring on1671 effectivate1717 makee1719 superinduce1837 birth1913 c1330 (?a1300) Arthour & Merlin (Auch.) (1973) 1637 (MED) Þou hast procourd fro fer Þe ded of Moyne, þe riȝt air. a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1874) V. 215 (MED) Þe emperesse Eudoxia had i-procured [v.r. y-prokered] þe out puttyng [L. procuravit ejectionem] of Iohn. a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1876) VI. 243 (MED) Offa..sente Alcuinus..to Charles, kyng of Fraunce, for to procure pees. ?a1425 (?c1350) Northern Passion (Rawl.) 716 (MED) Þou þis tresone procurd has. ?c1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (Paris) (1971) 117 (MED) Aboue alle þinges he schal procure good digestioun. c1440 (a1349) R. Rolle Eng. Prose Treat. (1921) 12 All maner of wilfull pollusyone procurede one any maner agaynes kyndly oys. 1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) vi. l. 867 Erll off Stamffurd..tuk on hand, To procur pes be ony maner off cace. 1540 Act 32 Hen. VIII c. 9 §3 That no maner of personne..doo herafter unlaufully maineteyne or cause or procure any unlaufull mayntenance in any action. a1555 J. Bradford in J. Strype Eccl. Memorials (1721) III. App. xxx. 84 It is we..that have sinned, and procured thy grievous Wrath upon us. 1615 G. Sandys Relation of Journey i. 66 A drinke called Coffa..which helpeth..digestion, and procureth alacrity. 1677 W. Harris tr. N. Lémery Course Chym. i. ix. 118 This preparation is esteemed good to procure Sweat. 1748 T. Smollett Roderick Random I. xii. 93 This second sneer, procured another laugh against him. 1783 S. Johnson Let. 12 Apr. (1994) IV. 122 If you could procure the revocation of this incapacitating edict. 1807 T. Young Course Lect. Nat. Philos. I. xxviii. 336 It is frequently necessary to procure alternate motion in pumps by means of wheelwork. 1861 E. O'Curry Lect. Manuscript Materials Anc. Irish Hist. 252 His uncle Cobhthach soon procured his death by means of a poisoned drink. 1914 E. von Arnim Pastor's Wife x. 105 She wished, unhappy girl, to enjoy the advantages and privileges of the forgiven state while continuing in the sin that had procured the forgiveness. 1992 Mind 101 61 To be motivated to procure this or that outcome is to have a certain goal, which is precisely, in our terminology, to be in a state with the telic direction of fit. b. transitive. With that-clause as object. To arrange. Now archaic and rare. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > carrying out > execute, perform, or carry out [verb (transitive)] > achieve or effect helpc1410 obtain?a1425 procurec1425 practise?a1439 upholdc1450 furnish1477 to bring about1480 to bring to passc1513 conduce1518 contrive1530 to make good1535 moyen1560 effect1581 effectuatea1586 to level out1606 operate1637 to carry offa1640 efficiate1639 work1761 engineer1831 c1425 J. Lydgate Troyyes Bk. (Augustus A.iv) iv. 174 (MED) I haue do my cure With al my wit to helpen & procure Þat euery þing touching þe commovnte Perseuere myȝt in prosperite. a1500 (c1340) R. Rolle Psalter (Univ. Oxf. 64) (1884) lxviii. 12 Sum procurd that i sould dye. 1551 R. Robinson tr. T. More Vtopia sig. Ai^v He is mynded to procure that he maye be sent thether. 1654 tr. M. Martini Bellum Tartaricum 226 I will procure all Europe shall understand the Issue of these prodigious revolutions. 1711 Medley No. 40 They procur'd that Mony shou'd be lent at 5 per Cent. 1894 R. Bridges Feast of Bacchus i. 301 Could you procure that I should speak with her? 1910 Encycl. Brit. V. 134/2 Wolsey..procured that he himself should be joined to the legation as senior legate. 1996 Ann. Rep. Gen. Council of Bar 1995 19/2 In particular the Bar Council is invited..(b) to procure that the regulations governing applications for re-call of ex-barristers who have voluntarily disbarred clearly set out the criteria for determination of such applications. c. transitive. To cause or get (a person or thing) to be treated in a specified way. Now chiefly Law. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > causation > [verb (transitive)] > cause to do or cause to act > cause to be done (to someone or something) haveOE to gar makec1330 gara1375 procurec1450 get?a1513 c1450 Form Excommun. (Douce 60) in G. Kristensson John Mirk's Instr. Parish Priests (1974) 104 (MED) We accorsen..al þat vnrightfully defameth eny person or prokereth to be famed. 1469 in W. P. Ellis & H. E. Salter Liber Albus Civitatis Oxoniensis (1909) 79 (MED) To this my..laste will I put to my seale..And..the seale of the office of the Mayralte of the towne of Oxford to this my present testament have procured to be putt to. 1509 Bp. J. Fisher Wks. (1876) 297 It is not vnknowen how studyously she procured Iustyce to be admynystred. 1577 B. Googe tr. C. Heresbach Foure Bks. Husbandry i. f. 7^v Procuring him to be sent in embassage. 1661 F. Bacon Civil Char. Julius Cæsar in Resuscitatio (ed. 2) 284 He procured to be enacted no wholsom Lawes. c1669 Life M. Rawdon (Camden) 12 Hir father, and hir entended husband the Barron..procured the gates of the cittie to be shutt up and garded, till they had made search in all inns and other likely places for hir. 1724 A. Collins Disc. Grounds Christian Relig. 34 They procur'd him to be crucify'd. 1795 W. Paley View Evidences Christianity (ed. 3) II. ii. ix. 228 [Nero] procured the Christians to be accused. 1866 W. D. Howells Venetian Life v. 68 An ingenious lover procured his..rival to be arrested for lunacy. 1897 Times Law Rep. 13 570/1 The Globe Company shall underwrite, or procure to be underwritten,..the first issue of 250,000 shares. 1920 Times 16 July 18/3 (advt.) Shares will not be allotted by way of original issue, but the Company will procure them to be transferred to the applicants free of cost. 1952 Times 30 May 3/5 [They] pleaded..Not Guilty to causing or procuring that boy to be ill-treated. †d. transitive. With infinitive as object. To manage (to do or be something). Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > prosperity > success > succeed or be a success [verb (intransitive)] > achieve success (of persons) > succeed in doing anything wina1300 covera1375 gaina1375 to prevail to1474 to make shift of1504 attain1523 obtaina1529 frame1545 procure1559 to finish to1594 succeed1839 1559 W. Baldwin et al. Myrroure for Magistrates Tiptoft f. lxv^v Eyther I must procure to se them dead, Or for contempt as a traytour lose my head. 1587 A. Fleming et al. Holinshed's Chron. (new ed.) III. Contin. 1378/2 Sir Roger Manwood..procured to passe another act of parlement,..wherein is further prouision made for the said bridge. 1678 R. Barclay Apol. True Christian Divinity ii. iii. 25 Men..have procured to be esteemed as Masters of Christianity, by certain Artificial Tricks. †5. transitive. To try to induce or persuade; to urge, press. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > motivation > motivate [verb (transitive)] > incite or instigate > try to persuade stirc1380 pressc1440 fanda1500 attempta1547 invite1548 procure1551 to threap (something) upon1571 to set upon ——1652 flog1793 1551 King Edward VI Let. Sir B. Fitz-Patrick 20 Dec. in Lit. Rem. (Roxb.) I. 69 If yow be vehemently procured yow may goe as waiting on the king. 1581 J. Bell tr. W. Haddon & J. Foxe Against Jerome Osorius 219 b Where did he euer shake of the obedience of due allegeaunce? or procured any Subjectes to rebellion agaynst their Gouernours? 1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene iii. i. sig. Bb5 The famous Briton Prince and Faery Knight,..Of the faire Alma greatly were procur'd, To make there lenger soiourne and abode. †II. To plead or solicit. 6. a. transitive. To plead or petition for; to solicit. Obsolete (Scottish in later use).Also with infinitive as object. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > speech > request > request or ask for [verb (transitive)] > petition procurea1387 motion1476 solicit1530 supplication1593 supplicate1601 petition1607 petitionate1624 move1633 address1698 bill1722 a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1879) VII. 495 (MED) Suche delievrance was i-procured and i-ordeyned, þat þe kyng schulde be restored aȝen to þe kyngdom and þe eorle to his lordschepe..but þe eorle wolde nouȝt assente. a1500 tr. A. Chartier Traité de l'Esperance (Rawl.) (1974) 122 (MED) The seconde [petition] procureth remission of fautes passed. a1573 W. Lauder Minor Poems (1870) ii. 90 Quhairfore, lat euerie creature The mercyis of grit God procure. 1596 J. Dalrymple tr. J. Leslie Hist. Scotl. (1888) I. 209 The Britanis fell in ciuil discorde burning hett procuiring helpe of the Romanis contrare the Peychtes and Scottis bot in vane, for thay grant thame na helpe. b. transitive and intransitive. Scottish. To collect or solicit (alms or offerings). Obsolete. ΚΠ 1499 (c1580) in J. D. Marwick Extracts Rec. Burgh Edinb. (1869) I. 79 And for helping of the pure bedrentis to thair sustentatioun ilk nychtbour..sall pas his day about in the toun and procure almois to thame,..and quha that refusses to pas and procuris nocht the almois sall pay [etc.]. 1518 Edinb. Hammermen f. 97^v, in Dict. Older Sc. Tongue at Procur(e Gevin in wyn to thaim at procurit on Sanct Loyis day xij d. 1521 in A. Maxwell Old Dundee (1891) 23 That the bred sall gang to procure offerings to Sanct Thomas. 1554–5 in J. D. Marwick Extracts Rec. Burgh Edinb. (1871) 211 Doctour Smyth..wes ane of the gild seriandis and procurit to the bedderrellis of Sanct Mary Wynd. 1587–8 Rec. Perth Kirk Session in A. J. Mill Mediæv. Plays (1927) 281 Also giff ony off the said craft be found to procwir for siclyke offending [sc. a folk play] heireftir thai sall [etc.]. c. intransitive. Chiefly Scottish. To plead, beg; to petition. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > speech > request > make a request [verb (intransitive)] > make or present a petition to put (up) a billa1387 procurea1500 move1638 pray1754 memorial1764 a1500 (?a1450) Gesta Romanorum (Harl. 7333) (1879) 296 (MED) It is goode þat I procour for pese, þat I may haue rest of him. 1563 N. Winȝet Certain Tractates (1888) I. 57 For in defence of that thing only procuir I, quhilk..the haill Kirk of God..maist clerlie appreuis. 1568 R. Norvall in G. A. Panton & J. B. Murdoch Bannatyne MS. (1896) II. 51 Thairfoir to God for grace procure: He that wold leif most lerne to dy. a1578 R. Lindsay Hist. & Cron. Scotl. (1899) I. ii. xxiii. 351 The king..procurit for his lyfe at the bischopis handis. a1615 Balnagown MS in W. R. Baillie Breve Cron. Earlis of Ross (1850) 13 He procurit to him, by nature inclynit to follow such counsel, to mak war in his favour. a1650 D. Calderwood Hist. Kirk Scotl. (1842) I. 224 The Erle of Angus and his brother Sir George..procured for the Abbacie of Arbrothe and a graunt therof was made. 7. intransitive. To act as a procurator or legal agent. Also (in quot. 1529): to act through a proctor or attorney. Obsolete (Scottish in later use). ΘΚΠ society > law > legal profession > practice law [verb (intransitive)] > act as solicitor procurea1425 solicit1596 a1425 J. Wyclif Sel. Eng. Wks. (1869) I. 383 (MED) Many trewe men, boþe aprentis and avocatis, wolen no procure in a cause bifore þat þei heeren it. 1528 T. Wolsey in State Papers Henry VIII (1830) I. 291 What promysse I demaunded of the said Emperours Ambassadour, who said he wolde procure for restitution. 1529 in J. Strype Memorials T. Cranmer (1694) App. xviii.36 There should be as many..admitted to procure there as shuld be seen convenient to my said Lord of Canterbury. ?1536 ( Jack Upland 346 in W. W. Skeat Chaucerian & Other Pieces (1897) 201 The wysest and gretest clerkes of you wende or sende or procure to the court of Rome, to be mad cardinales or bishoppes. 1539 Sc. Acts Jas. V (1814) II. 353/2 Ane writing subscriuit be þe kingis grace..chargeing him & certane vþeris his collegis to procure for þe said James. 1600 in R. Pitcairn Criminal Trials Scotl. (1833) II. 131 Ansueris the preloquutouris, that the partie may procuir for him selff. a1634 J. Forbes Certaine Rec. in Apol. Narration Kirk of Scotl. (1846) 465 To be in readines to procuir for them. †III. To care for. 8. transitive. To take care of; to look after; spec. to treat medically. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > care, protection, or charge > care for, protect, or have charge of [verb (transitive)] > take care of or look after yknowOE knowlOE to care forc1230 bihedec1250 beseec1300 to look to ——c1300 seea1325 await1393 observea1425 procurea1425 to look after ——1487 to take (also have) regard to (or of)a1500 regard1526 to see after ——1544 to look unto ——1545 attendc1572 to take care of1579 curea1618 tend1631 to look over ——1670 a1425 Medulla Gram. (Stonyhurst) f. 1^v Acturatus [read Accuratus], bisilich iprocured. ?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 2^v (MED) William de Saliceto &..Lamfranc..procured al wondes with vnguentz & with swete emplasteres. c1475 tr. Henri de Mondeville Surgery (Wellcome) f. 155^v (MED) Þat þat is greet and superflue schal be..cauterizid wiþ gold hette & procurid wiþ fatnesse of a doke vnto þe escar falle. a1500 (c1425) Andrew of Wyntoun Oryg. Cron. Scotl. (Nero) vi. l. 357 Bot þe possessoure to procure [a1550 Wemyss trete]..wiþe honoure, And habundance of reches. a1530 (c1425) Andrew of Wyntoun Oryg. Cron. Scotl. (Royal) viii. xxiv. 3648 Our Kynge Dauid was sende in Frawns, Qwhar he..was..procuryt [v.r. tretit] in al esse ilk deil. †IV. To advance. 9. transitive (in passive). To be advanced; to be well developed. Obsolete. rare. ΚΠ 1490 W. Caxton tr. Eneydos xiii. 47 In her thoughte the wounde of ambycyouse desyre..is so procured that she can not hyde it noo lenger. 10. intransitive. To proceed, advance. Obsolete. rare. ΚΠ 1573 T. Tusser Points Huswifrie (new ed.) f. 25, in Fiue Hundreth Points Good Husbandry (new ed.) His hatred procureth from naughty to wurse His friendship, like Iudas, that carried the purse. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2007; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.?a1475v.c1300
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† procuren.

procurev.