probityn.

Brit.

/ˈprəʊbᵻti/, U.S.

/ˈproʊbədi/

Forms: late Middle English–1500s probyte, 1500s probitie, 1500s– probity; Scottish pre-1700 probite, 1700s– probity.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French probité; Latin probitāt-, probitās.

Etymology: < Middle French probité strict honesty, integrity, rectitude, decency (1429–30; French probité ) and its etymon classical Latin probitāt-, probitās moral integrity, uprightness, honesty, decency, goodness, excellence < probus good, excellent, upright, honest, virtuous, modest (see note) + -tās (see -ty suffix¹; compare -ity suffix). Compare Catalan probitat (1391), Spanish probidad (1385 as probidat), Italian probità (a1308).Classical Latin probus is cognate with Paelignian pros and Umbrian prufe (adverb) < the Indo-European base of classical Latin prō (see pro n.¹) + the Indo-European base of classical Latin fuisse to have been (see be v.; the same ending is seen in classical Latin superbus superb adj.); the original sense would have been ‘growing’ or ‘progressing well’; compare Sanskrit pra-bhu powerful; the Italic and Sanskrit words may derive < the same Indo-European base.

The quality or condition of having strong moral principles; integrity, good character; honesty, decency.personified in quot. 1595.

ΚΠ

c1425 Bk. Found. St. Bartholomew's (1923) 2 (MED) He was richid yn puryte of conscience..with honeste probyte.

?1518 A. Barclay Fyfte Eglog sig. Biij^v What is..more repugnynge, to faythe and probyte?

1595 B. Chappell Garden of Prudence sig. C3 There Probity her selfe doth stay, a vertue rare I you assure.

1651 T. Hobbes Leviathan i. xii. 60 If..the civill Magistrate, and Custome did not more sustain it, than any opinion they have of the Sanctity, Wisdome, or Probity of their Teachers?

1684 W. Charleton tr. Marcellus in J. Dryden tr. Plutarch Lives II. 407 Tiberius Sempronius, whom for his probity and Vertue the Citizens highly esteem'd.

1702 Clarendon's Hist. Rebellion I. ii. 130 Of much reputation for probity and integrity of life.

1752 D. Hume Ess. & Treat. (1777) I. 548 Probity and superstition, or even probity and fanaticism are not..incompatible.

1814 F. Burney Wanderer III. v. xlv. 109 She found that their notions of probity were as lax as those of their customers were of justice.

1856 R. W. Emerson Eng. Traits x. 170 'Tis not, I suppose, want of probity, so much as the tyranny of trade, which necessitates a perpetual competition of underselling.

1877 A. B. Edwards Thousand Miles up Nile xxi. 603 The Governor,..a man of strict probity.

1913 W. Cather O Pioneers! i. ii. 24 In a few years his unprincipled wife warped the probity of a lifetime.

1973 Times 11 June 13/7 The British too..owed much of their greatness to their own self-esteem, and to the legend of straight bat, stiff upper lip, probity and detachment.

2002 N. Lebrecht Song of Names vi. 182 Assuring myself that her drabness and my advanced years are ample guarantors of probity, I invite her to dinner the following night.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	probity
释义	probityn. Brit. /ˈprəʊbᵻti/, U.S. /ˈproʊbədi/ Forms: late Middle English–1500s probyte, 1500s probitie, 1500s– probity; Scottish pre-1700 probite, 1700s– probity. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French probité; Latin probitāt-, probitās. Etymology: < Middle French probité strict honesty, integrity, rectitude, decency (1429–30; French probité ) and its etymon classical Latin probitāt-, probitās moral integrity, uprightness, honesty, decency, goodness, excellence < probus good, excellent, upright, honest, virtuous, modest (see note) + -tās (see -ty suffix¹; compare -ity suffix). Compare Catalan probitat (1391), Spanish probidad (1385 as probidat), Italian probità (a1308).Classical Latin probus is cognate with Paelignian pros and Umbrian prufe (adverb) < the Indo-European base of classical Latin prō (see pro n.¹) + the Indo-European base of classical Latin fuisse to have been (see be v.; the same ending is seen in classical Latin superbus superb adj.); the original sense would have been ‘growing’ or ‘progressing well’; compare Sanskrit pra-bhu powerful; the Italic and Sanskrit words may derive < the same Indo-European base. The quality or condition of having strong moral principles; integrity, good character; honesty, decency.personified in quot. 1595. ΚΠ c1425 Bk. Found. St. Bartholomew's (1923) 2 (MED) He was richid yn puryte of conscience..with honeste probyte. ?1518 A. Barclay Fyfte Eglog sig. Biij^v What is..more repugnynge, to faythe and probyte? 1595 B. Chappell Garden of Prudence sig. C3 There Probity her selfe doth stay, a vertue rare I you assure. 1651 T. Hobbes Leviathan i. xii. 60 If..the civill Magistrate, and Custome did not more sustain it, than any opinion they have of the Sanctity, Wisdome, or Probity of their Teachers? 1684 W. Charleton tr. Marcellus in J. Dryden tr. Plutarch Lives II. 407 Tiberius Sempronius, whom for his probity and Vertue the Citizens highly esteem'd. 1702 Clarendon's Hist. Rebellion I. ii. 130 Of much reputation for probity and integrity of life. 1752 D. Hume Ess. & Treat. (1777) I. 548 Probity and superstition, or even probity and fanaticism are not..incompatible. 1814 F. Burney Wanderer III. v. xlv. 109 She found that their notions of probity were as lax as those of their customers were of justice. 1856 R. W. Emerson Eng. Traits x. 170 'Tis not, I suppose, want of probity, so much as the tyranny of trade, which necessitates a perpetual competition of underselling. 1877 A. B. Edwards Thousand Miles up Nile xxi. 603 The Governor,..a man of strict probity. 1913 W. Cather O Pioneers! i. ii. 24 In a few years his unprincipled wife warped the probity of a lifetime. 1973 Times 11 June 13/7 The British too..owed much of their greatness to their own self-esteem, and to the legend of straight bat, stiff upper lip, probity and detachment. 2002 N. Lebrecht Song of Names vi. 182 Assuring myself that her drabness and my advanced years are ample guarantors of probity, I invite her to dinner the following night. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.c1425
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