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单词 procedure
释义

proceduren.

Brit. /prəˈsiːdʒə/, U.S. /prəˈsidʒər/, /proʊˈsidʒər/
Forms: 1500s– procedure, 1600s procedor, 1600s procedour, 1700s– proceedure (now nonstandard); also Scottish pre-1700 proceadeur, pre-1700 procedor, pre-1700 procedour, pre-1700 procedur, pre-1700 proceidur, pre-1700 proseder, pre-1700 prosedure.
Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French procedure.
Etymology: < Middle French procedure, French procédure (1344 as procedeure in legal uses; 15th cent. in sense ‘conduct, manner of behaving’; 17th cent. in sense ‘manner of proceeding in order to arrive at a certain result’; 20th cent. with reference to the stages of a scientific investigation, after English) < proceder proceed n. + -ure -ure suffix1.
1.
a. The fact or manner of proceeding with any action, or in any circumstance or situation; the performance of particular actions, esp. considered in regard to method; practice, conduct. Also: the established or prescribed way of doing something.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > manner of action > [noun] > system or way of proceeding
i-wunec888
proceeding1425
trainc1475
way1563
procedure?1577
management1649
proceed1674
démarche1721
trade1721
procédé1861
the world > existence and causation > causation > source or origin > [noun] > that which originates from something else
daughtereOE
outcasting1340
impc1380
childa1398
outgrowing?a1425
proventc1451
provenuec1487
excrescency1545
sprig1575
procedure?1577
proceed1578
derivative1593
offspring1596
superfetation1603
excression1610
shootc1610
excretion1615
slip1627
excrescence1633
derivation1641
derivate1660
offshoot1801
offtracta1806
deduction1835
outgrowth1837
the world > action or operation > doing > a proceeding > [noun] > proceeding or carrying on an action
proceeding1425
procedure?1577
?1577 F. T. Debate Pride & Lowlines sig. Cii Ye take good heede, that blamelesse I may be. Which must recorden here your procedure.
1589 in A. I. Cameron Warrender Papers (1932) II. 104 Nather did thay [sc. the provost, baillies, etc., of Edinburgh] enter presumptiouslye in his court..nor used suche disordered maner of proceadeur as hes bene geven out or advertesed in England.
1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Procedure, a procedure; a course, or proceeding.
1658 Additionals to Myst. of Jesvitisme 25 (heading) A Letter from a Curé of Rouen..giving an account of the procedure of his Brethren the Curez of the said City.
1671 R. McWard True Non-conformist 406 Their summare manner of procedor.
1748 B. Robins & R. Walter Voy. round World by Anson iii. ix. 388 The Commodore's urging the unreasonableness of this procedure, from the inability of the forts to have done otherwise.
1774 M. Mackenzie Treat. Maritim Surv. ii. 65 Of the Procedure and Operations in surveying Sea~coasts, according to their various Circumstances.
a1831 R. Whately Rhetoric in Encycl. Metrop. (1845) I. 293/1 This is precisely the procedure which, in Elocution, we deprecate.
1850 G. Grote Hist. Greece VIII. ii. lxii. 3 Tasting the difference between Spartan and Athenian procedure.
1881 F. J. Britten Watch & Clockmakers' Handbk. (ed. 4) 55 Many different methods of procedure are adopted for running in a cylinder.
1925 Sat. Rev. 21 Mar. 620/1 The recognized rules of procedure taught in all the best night schools.
1986 T. Clancy Red Storm Rising (1988) i. 12 Ordinary procedure dictated that to enter the master control room, one first had to be recognized by one of the operations staffers.
2002 T. Lott Rumours of Hurricane (2003) iii. 73 ‘We can send a chit to the boiler people.’‘Is that procedure? I don't think that would be procedure.’
2004 Z. Unger Working Fire xiv. 211 Tank wagons..brush patrols, and even airdrops have become standard procedure in the summer.
b. Law. Legal action or proceeding; the formal steps to be taken in a legal action; the mode of conducting judicial proceedings. Cf. process n. 5a.
ΘΚΠ
society > law > administration of justice > court proceedings or procedure > [noun]
process1395
practice1588
proceeding1591
procedure1602
placitum1706
1602 J. Colville Parænese Ep. 55 Vhilk form of procedur gaue occasion once to a mirry man to say that in Scotland God had..lost his lyfrent for lying year and day at the horn.
1676 G. Towerson Explic. Decalogue 486 The manner of the Jews procedure in their several courts of judicature.
1687 Royal Let. to Privy Council Scotl. 12 Feb. in London Gaz. No. 2221/2 If any shall be so bold as to shew any dislike of this Our Procedour.
1728 N. Lardner Wks. (1838) I. 67 The treatment of Paul in Judea, so far as there is any appearance of a legal procedure.
1752 A. McDouall Inst. Laws Scotl. II. 244 The above is the procedure in a Common Recovery with a double voucher, and is the most common and safe way.
1817 J. Mill Hist. Brit. India I. iii. v. 641 The system of procedure; or the round of operations through which the judicial services—inquiry, sentence, and enforcement—are rendered.
1860 Sat. Rev. 9 189/1 The blending of native consuetudinary law and English civil and criminal procedure in the administration of justice.
1921 R. Pound Spirit of Common Law ii. 55 Our fostering of local anomalies of substantive law and of procedure as if they had some intrinsic importance in the administration of justice.
1998 New Yorker 5 Oct. 34/2 That our ungentlemanly President's gentlemanly failure to kiss and tell should be subjected to the legalisms of judiciary procedure is, of course, total madness.
c. Politics. The mode of conducting business in Parliament.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > deliberative, legislative, or administrative assembly > governing or legislative body of a nation or community > procedure of parliament or national assembly > [noun]
procedure1721
1721 R. Wodrow Hist. Sufferings Church of Scotl. I. ii. ii. 29 This Manner of Parliamentary Procedure was declared against at the Revolution, and no more used.
1763 London Mag. Apr. 178/2 A single corporation erects itself into a tribunitial court, condemns the procedure of parliament, and gives imperious counsel to the king.
1839 T. Carlyle Chartism i. 4 To a remote observer of Parliamentary procedure it seems surprising..to see what space this question occupies in the Debates of the Nation.
1863 H. Cox Inst. Eng. Govt. i. ix. 136 The Standing Orders are rules and forms of procedure which have been adopted as they were found necessary from time to time.
1878 W. Stubbs Constit. Hist. (ed. 2) III. xx. 375 The rules and forms of parliamentary procedure.
1907 Westm. Gaz. 7 May 2/2 This is the first time that a time-table has been arranged in advance for a whole [parliamentary] Bill, but it seems to us that the procedure was justified.
1958 N. Wilding & P. Laundy Encycl. Parl. 29 House of Commons procedure is followed as far as is practicable with Bermuda's form of semi-responsible government.
2003 Patriot Ledger (Quincy, Mass.) (Nexis) 22 Oct. 14 [He] called Hersch and Burkhall out of order for arguing and failing to follow parliamentary procedure.
2. As a count noun.
a. A particular course or mode of action; an established or prescribed way of doing something; (also) an instance of this; a process, a proceeding. In early use also in plural (Scottish): †actions, deliberations (obsolete).
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > doing > a proceeding > [noun]
thingOE
processa1325
fare1340
dancea1352
passage1569
play1581
procedure1590
carriage1609
conduct1706
démarche1721
affair1797
proceeding1801
the world > action or operation > manner of action > [noun] > system or way of proceeding > a particular
processa1325
procedure1590
manual1598
manoeuvre1770
technica1782
proceeding1801
technique1883
technic1905
1590 in Cal. State Papers Scotl. (1936) X. 317 It is trew..that..both we and our progenitours have tryed be experience a rigoreus proceadeur hes often rather moved nor repressed rebellions.
1623 State Papers Earl of Melrose (1837) II. 539 Incaice misinformatioun of our procedours cuim to your majestie.
1660 in J. D. Marwick Rec. Convent. Royal Burghs Scotl. (1878) III. 495 Especiallie in the matter of the delay of procedouris in reference to Scotland till the coming wp of the comissioneris.
a1676 M. Hale Primitive Originat. Mankind (1677) i. i. 28 Many times the distinction of these several procedures of the Soul do not always appear distinct.
1686 C. Cotton tr. M. de Montaigne Ess. (1877) I. 25 This was, indeed, a procedure truly Roman.
1715 Conduct of Tories Consider'd 20 Letting Her know what ill Consequences were likely to attend such uncommon Procedures as were every Day made.
a1770 J. Jortin Serm. (1772) V. ii. 30 (note) Cicero justifies such procedures.
1812 R. Woodhouse Elem. Treat. Astron. xxix. 290 We may adopt a contrary procedure.
1872 ‘G. Eliot’ Middlemarch IV. vii. lxxi. 168 He won his fortune by dishonest procedures.
1917 H. W. Conn Bacteria, Yeasts, & Molds in Home (rev. ed.) xi. 164 The salting of butter is a procedure adopted partly for the purpose of giving a salty flavor and partly for the purpose of its preservation.
1967 Appraisal Terminol. & Handbk. (Amer. Inst. Real Estate Appraisers) (ed. 5) 72 Execution sale, a legal procedure to permit the enforcement of a payment judgment.
1982 V. Brome Ernest Jones i. 12 Intolerant of democratic procedures, Professor Thompson did not suffer criticism gladly.
2003 N.Y. Times (National ed.) 2 Oct. e5/1 Setup involves an easy-to-follow procedure in which you look up the code associated with your device and punch it in to activate the appropriate signals.
b. Surgery and Medicine. A surgical or (later) other therapeutic or diagnostic operation or technique; an instance of performing a particular operation.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > healing > medical treatment > surgery > [noun] > a surgical operation
operation?a1425
surgical1828
the knife1880
procedure1890
op1925
1853 Lancet 30 Apr. 405/1 The name of the surgeon who was engaged upon this important and hazardous surgical procedure was already connected with amputation at the hip joint.]
1890 E. H. Bradford & R. W. Lovett Treat. Orthopedic Surg. xx. 684 Osteoclasis is a simple procedure... The fracture of the bones is evidenced by a loud snap.
1929 Ann. Surg. 90 926 With respect to the grafting of inorganic and foreign materials, the procedure has had the term alloplasty applied to it by Marchand.
1936 Sci. Monthly Feb. 134/1 Millions of sound teeth have been sacrificed on the altar of focal infection and many other unnecessary operations and procedures have been done.
1990 Cat Fancy Feb. 22/1 With a male cat, the testicles and spermatic cords are removed during a procedure known as ‘castration’ or, more technically, ‘orchidectomy’.
2004 N.Y. Times (National ed.) 23 Nov. d8/3 Embolization involves injecting pellets the size of grains of sand..into uterine arteries to stop blood flow and shrink the tumors by starvation. The procedure is so named because the pellets are emboli, objects that lodge and stop blood flow.
c. Computing. A set of instructions for performing a specific task, which may be invoked in the course of a program; a subroutine.
ΘΚΠ
society > computing and information technology > programming language > program or code > [noun] > set of instructions
routine1945
procedure1946
subroutinec1946
subprogramme1947
block1948
module1963
partition1971
script1978
1946 Ann. Computation Lab. Harvard Univ. 1 iv. 98 There are many coding routines..which occur so frequently as to make standard coding procedures of real value. This chapter includes..certain of the longer procedures.
1965 Data Processor Oct. 22/3 A procedure is a block of instructions designed to perform a specific function such as the calculation of overtime pay in a payroll application... Seldom-used procedures can be held in auxiliary storage and called into the main storage only when required.
1985 Acorn User Feb. 158/1 A function can theoretically be used in almost any situation where a procedure or subroutine would normally be used.
1999 J. Naughton Brief Hist. Future (2001) 298 Recursion is a programming trick which involves defining a function or a procedure in terms of itself.
3.
a. That which proceeds, is derived, or results from something else; proceeds, produce. Cf. procedue n. Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > existence and causation > creation > [noun] > production > product
blossomc1230
fodmea1325
burgeona1340
progenya1393
geniture?1440
fruitc1450
productionc1450
offspring1573
product1573
nursling1591
bantling1593
excrement1600
procedue1602
issuea1616
procedure1626
creature1651
produce1657
parturition1659
outbirth1663
sequel1669
brat1678
operation1774
outgoing1850
fruitling1876
1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §550 There is not any known Substance, but Earth, and the Procedure of Earth (as Tile, Stone, &c.) that yeeldeth any Moss or Herby Substance.
1658 J. Durham Comm. Bk. Revelation 338 These synchronisms which..do agree fully with the series and mould which we have laid down, as in the procedor will appear.
b. The action or fact of proceeding or issuing from a source; origination. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > existence and causation > causation > source or origin > [noun] > origination or derivation
originalc1425
originationc1443
offspringa1500
origin1528
descent1532
outspring1538
breeding1549
pedigree1566
exorture1578
genesis1604
edition1605
derivation1609
elementing1638
procedure1651
ingeneration1652
originacy1659
filiation1799
upgrowth1844
1651 C. Cartwright Certamen Religiosum i. 37 You will say, your Religion is as ancient as ours; having its procedure from Christ.
1671 W. Annand Mysterium Pietatis 295 To confirm them, that as the breath came from him, so should, or so did the Spirit proceed from him likewise: which the Greek Church to this day denys, affirming his procedure from the Father only.
1695 E. Polhill Divine Will Considered (ed. 2) ix. 376 Those acts, which are above nature in facto esse, as to their essential excellency, must be below it in fieri, as to their procedure from causes.
1865 Ginsburg in Liverpool Lit. & Philos. Soc. Proc. 19 185 The procedure of multifariousness from an absolute unity.
4.
a. The going on or continuance of an action or process; progress, course. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > continuing > progress, advance, or further continuance > [noun]
progressionc1385
proceeding?c1425
progressc1443
proceedc1450
procession1585
gate1604
procedure1640
foreholda1642
process1642
promotion1649
sailing1827
sledding1839
on-go1870
1640 J. Howell Δενδρολογια 188 This disaster as it bred confusion for the time, so it causd a stand in the procedure of that great action.
1651 R. Watson Ακολουθος: Second Faire Warning Answer to Ep. Ded. 4 Whether what His Lordship cites to that purpose be calumnious imputations or no will best appeare in the procedure of our discourse.
1700 Moxon's Mech. Exercises: Bricklayers-wks. 16 The hindrance of the Procedure of the Work.
a1716 R. South 12 Serm. (1717) VI. 427 The Confidence reposed by Men in their own Hearts will in the Procedure of this Discourse appear to be inexcusably foolish.
b. The action of proceeding or going on to something (or to do something). Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > continuing > progress, advance, or further continuance > [noun] > proceeding or going on to something
procedure1663
march1794
1663 J. Owen Vindic. Animadv. Fiat Lux in Wks. (1851) XIV. 426 Your next procedure is to your discourse of figures or images and my animadversions upon it.
1680 J. Price Mystery & Method His Majesty's Restauration 55 Though his procedure to dismiss his dissenting, or suspected Officers was quick, and Resolute; yet were they gently Treated at first.
1872 R. Browning Fifine cxvii, in Poet. Wks. (1888–94) XI. 324 The solemn and august Procedure to decay, evanishment in dust, Of those marmoreal domes.

Compounds

attributive. British Politics. Designating a formal procedural proposal or ruling. Esp. in procedure motion, procedure resolution.
ΚΠ
1865 Times 31 Mar. 8/1 He thought it would be a wholesome regulation if in a Bill of this sort the practice and procedure clauses were framed by the Government, and [etc.].
1882 Times 10 Feb. 7/2 Sir S. Northcote gave notice that when the Prime Minister's Procedure Resolutions were brought forward, he would oppose the first.
1914 Daily Gleaner (Kingston, Jamaica) 14 May 1/6 [These] were two of the outstanding points in Premier Asquith's speech yesterday when moving the procedure resolution in the Commons.
1990 Guardian (Nexis) 25 May The Opposition in Parliament has tabled a procedure motion which, if carried, would set that veto aside.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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