释义 |
† privev.Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French priver; Latin prīvāre. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman and Middle French priver to deprive (c1300 in Old French), to deprive of an ecclesiastical benefice (a1377 or earlier in Anglo-Norman) and its etymon classical Latin prīvāre to deprive, rob, to debar from the use, to prevent from having, to release, relieve, in post-classical Latin also to take away, remove (from 8th cent. in British sources) < prīvus separate, single, individual, private, peculiar, deprived, cognate with Umbrian prever (ablative plural) single, individual, perhaps < the same base as classical Latin prī or pri before (see prior adj.). Compare Old Occitan privar (late 13th cent.), Catalan privar (13th cent.), Spanish privar (c1250), Portuguese privar (14th cent.), Italian privare (first half of the 13th cent.). Compare earlier deprive v.In Middle English prefixed and unprefixed forms of the past participle are attested (see y- prefix). Obsolete. 1. the mind > possession > loss > taking away > take away [verb (transitive)] > deprive (of) a1382 (Bodl. 959) (1959) Gen. xxx. 2 Wheþer for a god I am, þe whych haue priued [L. privavit] þee þe fruyt of thy wombe? c1384 (Douce 369(2)) (1850) 2 Macc. iii.29 He lay doumbe and pryued of al hope and helthe. a1425 (a1400) (Galba & Harl.) (1863) 110 When he had done mys, And thurgh syn was prived of blys. ?c1450 (?a1350) (Sion Coll. London) (1907) 1440 (MED) Þou haues vs schamely schente And pryued vs oure pray. a1500 tr. Thomas à Kempis (Trin. Dublin) (1893) 100 Þat may..pryue þe þin inward liberte. 1548 f. cxcv By this mariage were kyng Edwardes.ii.sonnes declared bastardes, & in conclusion priued of their lifes. 1592 Sir J. Maitland Let. c9 Sept. in A. I. Cameron (1932) II. 180 Sen I man indure that hell to be privit of your majesteis presens. 1594 W. Percy v. l. 10 Deere mistresse, will you deale so cruelly, To priue me of so small a benefit? society > authority > office > removal from office or authority > remove from office or authority [verb (transitive)] a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden (St. John's Cambr.) (1882) VIII. 101 William de Longchamp..prevede [?a1475 anon. tr. deposede] Hughe, bisshop of Durham, of al manere worschippe. a1393 J. Gower (Fairf.) vii. 3270 (MED) Leoncius Was to thempire of Rome arrived, Fro which he hath with strengthe prived The pietous Justinian. ?a1400 (a1338) R. Mannyng (Petyt) ii. 73 (MED) Men of Religion & oþer men of honour..Wer priued of þar office. a1439 J. Lydgate (Bodl. 263) iii. l. 3353 (MED) Alcibiades, off Athene cheeff capteyn..was..bi ther ordynaunce..pryued from al dignyte. c1450 (c1415) in W. O. Ross (1940) 209 (MED) Baltasar..was prived and put owte of is kyngedome. 1483 ( tr. G. Deguileville (Caxton) (1859) 50 Vpon that condicion that I myght priuen hym his power. a1500 (c1410) (Hunterian) (1976) i. 167 (MED) A man of holy churche þat vsyd swiche pley..shulde ben priuyd of his benefice. 1559 W. Baldwin et al. Northumberland xi To pryue the king, and part the realme in thre. the mind > possession > taking > take [verb (transitive)] the mind > possession > loss > taking away > take away [verb (transitive)] the world > action or operation > difficulty > hindrance > hindering completely or preventing > hinder completely or prevent [verb (transitive)] > from an action, purpose, etc. the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > separation > separate [verb (transitive)] > separate from > cut off from a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden (St. John's Cambr.) (1879) VII. 335 Þe pope..restored his felowes bisshoppes..crosses and rynges, þat were to forehonde i-preved [v.r. yprived; L. privatos]. a1393 J. Gower (Fairf.) vii. 4040 (MED) Thi fader, whil he was alyve..myhte bothe grante and pryve. a1450 (a1397) Prol. Old Test. (Harl. 1666) in (1850) 2 Pride and couetise of clerkis..priueth hem fro verrey vndirstondyng of holy writ. c1475 (?c1400) (1842) 14 (MED) Þe kirk may not iustli priue þe comyning of cristun men nor taking of þe sacraments. a1500 (?a1450) (Cambr.) (1879) 334 (MED) He sorowed gretely þat he was..priued fro the lyght of the sonne. 1629 N. Carpenter (1640) ii. 95 Some inchanted Relicke to prive him safe from danger. Derivatives ?c1422 T. Hoccleve Ars Sciendi Mori l. 35 in (1970) i. 179 What may profyte the lore of dyynge, Syn deeth noon hauynge is, but a pryuynge? ?c1430 (c1400) J. Wyclif (1880) 267 Assentynge to hem..summe for drede of curs, priuynge of beneficis, & sclaundre. a1500 (?c1378) J. Wyclif (1880) 457 (MED) Þe moost harm þat þei don is priuyng or sleyng. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2007; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < v.a1382 |