preterite-presentn.adj.

Brit.

/ˌprɛt(ə)rᵻtˈprɛznt/, U.S.

/ˌprɛdərətˈprɛznt/

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: preterite adj., present n.¹

Etymology: < preterite adj. + present n.¹ Compare later preterito-presentia n. (and the post-classical Latin and German parallels cited at that entry), and also preteritive present n. With use as adjective compare earlier preterito-presential adj. and later preteritive present adj.

Grammar.

A. n.

A verb of which the tense used as the present was originally a preterite, esp. one of a small group of verbs in the Germanic languages (mostly used as modal auxiliaries) of which the present tense is in form and origin a preterite and the past tense a more recent (though still pre-literary) weak formation.Representatives of this class of verbs in English are can v.¹, dare v.¹, dow v.¹, may v.¹, mote v.¹, owe v., shall v., tharf v., and wit v.¹The term is also occasionally used of the Latin verbs coepi, memini, novi, odi, the Greek οἶδα, and similar verbs in other Indo-European languages.In quot. 1859 in humorous extended use designating a person.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > a part of speech > verb > [noun] > other specific types of verb

vocative verbc1414

activec1450

passivec1450

substantive verba1475

neuter1530

gesture1612

nominal1666

quiescent1720

reduplicative1756

dative verb1844

factitive1845

preterite-present1859

compound verb1863

pro-verb1868

preterito-presentia1870

preteritive present1872

action verb1877

verbid1914

inversive1931

eventive1946

hypothetical1957

non-factive1970

commonization1973

contrafactive1985

1859 Atlantic Monthly June 775/2 That still stranger class of ancient-moderns, preterite-presents, dead (and something more) as authors.

1874 C. P. Mason Eng. Gram. (ed. 19) 78 (note) These preterite-presents may be compared with οἶδα, novi, &c., in Greek and Latin.

1892 J. Wright Primer Gothic Lang. §272 Preterite-Presents. These verbs have strong preterites with a present meaning..to which new weak preterites have been formed.

1912 N.E.D. at Tharf, Thar v. A Com. Teutonic verb, belonging to the class of preterite-presents in which the present tense is an original preterite.

1946 D. A. Binchy & O. Bergin in tr. R. Thurneyson Gram. Old Irish 436 The preterite-present ro·fetar ‘I know, knew’.

1991 Rev. Eng. Stud. 42 391 Verbs are classified as strong..weak..,preterite-present, and anomalous.

B. adj.

Designating or relating to a preterite-present (see sense A.).

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > a part of speech > verb > [adjective] > other specific types of verb

commonc1450

personal?1482

perfect1530

valuative1566

suppletive1633

auxiliary1751

active-passive1859

mutative1866

preterito-presential1875

preterite-present1888

passival1892

preteritive present1894

applicative1903

injunctive1910

activo-passive1927

ornative1934

eventive1946

notional1957

non-factive1969

contrafactive1979

1888 N.E.D. at Can v.¹ A defective verb, belonging to the small but interesting group of Teutonic preterite-present verbs.

1892 H. Sweet New Eng. Gram. §1477 Most of the MnE [= modern English] verbs that we class as anomalous are old preterite-present verbs.

1955 G. L. Brook Introd. Old Eng. vii. 76 The following verbs, many of which are defective, are the Old English preterite-present verbs.

1989 Mod. Philol. 86 236 The preterite-present verb derived from Old English sculan has one form sall for both the third person singular and plural, present tense.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	preterite-present
释义	preterite-presentn.adj. Brit. /ˌprɛt(ə)rᵻtˈprɛznt/, U.S. /ˌprɛdərətˈprɛznt/ Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: preterite adj., present n.¹ Etymology: < preterite adj. + present n.¹ Compare later preterito-presentia n. (and the post-classical Latin and German parallels cited at that entry), and also preteritive present n. With use as adjective compare earlier preterito-presential adj. and later preteritive present adj. Grammar. A. n. A verb of which the tense used as the present was originally a preterite, esp. one of a small group of verbs in the Germanic languages (mostly used as modal auxiliaries) of which the present tense is in form and origin a preterite and the past tense a more recent (though still pre-literary) weak formation.Representatives of this class of verbs in English are can v.¹, dare v.¹, dow v.¹, may v.¹, mote v.¹, owe v., shall v., tharf v., and wit v.¹The term is also occasionally used of the Latin verbs coepi, memini, novi, odi, the Greek οἶδα, and similar verbs in other Indo-European languages.In quot. 1859 in humorous extended use designating a person. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > a part of speech > verb > [noun] > other specific types of verb vocative verbc1414 activec1450 passivec1450 substantive verba1475 neuter1530 gesture1612 nominal1666 quiescent1720 reduplicative1756 dative verb1844 factitive1845 preterite-present1859 compound verb1863 pro-verb1868 preterito-presentia1870 preteritive present1872 action verb1877 verbid1914 inversive1931 eventive1946 hypothetical1957 non-factive1970 commonization1973 contrafactive1985 1859 Atlantic Monthly June 775/2 That still stranger class of ancient-moderns, preterite-presents, dead (and something more) as authors. 1874 C. P. Mason Eng. Gram. (ed. 19) 78 (note) These preterite-presents may be compared with οἶδα, novi, &c., in Greek and Latin. 1892 J. Wright Primer Gothic Lang. §272 Preterite-Presents. These verbs have strong preterites with a present meaning..to which new weak preterites have been formed. 1912 N.E.D. at Tharf, Thar v. A Com. Teutonic verb, belonging to the class of preterite-presents in which the present tense is an original preterite. 1946 D. A. Binchy & O. Bergin in tr. R. Thurneyson Gram. Old Irish 436 The preterite-present ro·fetar ‘I know, knew’. 1991 Rev. Eng. Stud. 42 391 Verbs are classified as strong..weak..,preterite-present, and anomalous. B. adj. Designating or relating to a preterite-present (see sense A.). ΘΚΠ the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > a part of speech > verb > [adjective] > other specific types of verb commonc1450 personal?1482 perfect1530 valuative1566 suppletive1633 auxiliary1751 active-passive1859 mutative1866 preterito-presential1875 preterite-present1888 passival1892 preteritive present1894 applicative1903 injunctive1910 activo-passive1927 ornative1934 eventive1946 notional1957 non-factive1969 contrafactive1979 1888 N.E.D. at Can v.¹ A defective verb, belonging to the small but interesting group of Teutonic preterite-present verbs. 1892 H. Sweet New Eng. Gram. §1477 Most of the MnE [= modern English] verbs that we class as anomalous are old preterite-present verbs. 1955 G. L. Brook Introd. Old Eng. vii. 76 The following verbs, many of which are defective, are the Old English preterite-present verbs. 1989 Mod. Philol. 86 236 The preterite-present verb derived from Old English sculan has one form sall for both the third person singular and plural, present tense. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.adj.1859
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