† preteradj.n.

Forms: late Middle English pretyr, late Middle English–1800s preter, 1600s praeter, 1600s pretere (Scottish).

Origin: Formed within English, by clipping or shortening. Etymon: preterite adj.

Etymology: Shortened < preterite adj.With use as noun compare earlier preterimperfect n., preterperfect n., and preterpluperfect n. N.E.D. (1908) gives the pronunciation as (prītəɹ) /ˈpriːtə(r)/.

Obsolete.

A. adj.

1. Grammar. Expressing past action or state; = preterite adj. 2. Chiefly in preter tense (frequently written as one word in early use).

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > tense > [adjective] > past

preteritea1450

perfectc1450

preterc1450

past1729

preteritive?1730

c1450 in D. Thomson Middle Eng. Grammatical Texts (1984) 26 How many tens be þere? V... Pretertens vnperfyth..spekyth of tyme vnperfythly passyd, as amabam: ‘I louede’... Þe pretyrtens perfyth..spekyth of tyme perfythly pasyd..as amaui: ‘I haue louyd’... Þe pretyrtens pluperfyth..spekyth of tyme more þan perfythly passyd..as amaueram: ‘I had louyd’.

1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 86 Circumlocutyng of al the pretertenses.

1534 T. More Treat. Passion in Wks. 1347/2 Which wordes wer..prophesyed by the verbe of the pretertemps or time passed.

1535 G. Joye Apol. Tindale sig. Aviii^v He englissheth the verbe of the pretertence resurrexerint, for the future.

1546 Bp. S. Gardiner Declar. True Articles 29 b The pretertens rather declareth a perfection in thacte, then the passing ouer the time in the acte.

1599 T. Nashe Lenten Stuffe 14 I..paralogized on their condition in the present, & in the pretertense.

1676 R. Dixon Nature Two Test. 30 So the Saying of God runs in the Præter-Tense, ‘Unto thy Seed I have given the Land’.

1711 J. Greenwood Ess. Pract. Eng. Gram. 114 In Latin..the Preter Time of the Perfect Action, is commonly called the Preter-pluperfect, that is, the Preter more than Perfect.

1747 S. Johnson Plan Dict. 16 Our verbs are conjugated by auxiliary words, and are only changed in the preter tense.

1795 T. Paine Age of Reason ii. 20 The expressions are in the preter-tense, and it would be down-right idiotism to say, that a man could prophesy in the preter-tense.

1804 J. Kelly Pract. Gram. Antient Gaelc xiii 53 It may be formed of the preter tense of the irregular verb jannoo.

2. Past, earlier, previous.

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > relative time > the past > [adjective]

formerc1160

apassedc1314

past1340

preterite1340

eldera1400

elderna1400

eldernlya1400

bygone1424

bypast1452

ancient1490

by-runa1522

bywenta1522

spent1528

departed1552

forepassed1557

preter1578

by-come1592

worn-out1594

preterlapsed1599

foregone1609

worna1616

elapseda1644

lapsed1702

surpassed1725

gone-by1758

back1808

old-time1865

by-flown1884

1578 T. Proctor Gorgious Gallery sig. M^v Diuers mo, whose preter pathes may learne, Our future steps, our vayn vnsteady stay.

1600 J. Norden Vicissitudo Rerum sig. B The present vnlike the preter yeere we see.

B. n.

1. Past time; the past.

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > relative time > the past > [noun]

preteritea1425

past1589

then-time1606

preter1618

heretofore1824

foretime1853

bygone1872

temps perdu1932

1618 M. Baret Hipponomie i. 60 Let him observe the three (chiefe) parts of time which is, the preter, the present, the future.

1675 G. R. tr. A. Le Grand Man without Passion 200 The present..is but an individual point, an instant that separates the praeter from the future.

2. The preterite tense.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > tense > [noun] > past

preterite1530

pretera1626

past tense1729

past1783

a1626 L. Andrewes XCVI Serm. (1629) x. 88 But the other hath neither future nor præter, neither mood nor tense; nay, no verb at all.

a1700 Of Rudim. Definitiones f. 25, in Dict. Older Sc. Tongue at Preter(e For the preter is thriefold vnperfyte, perfyte and more than perfyte.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2007; most recently modified version published online December 2020).

单词	preter
释义	† preteradj.n. Forms: late Middle English pretyr, late Middle English–1800s preter, 1600s praeter, 1600s pretere (Scottish). Origin: Formed within English, by clipping or shortening. Etymon: preterite adj. Etymology: Shortened < preterite adj.With use as noun compare earlier preterimperfect n., preterperfect n., and preterpluperfect n. N.E.D. (1908) gives the pronunciation as (prītəɹ) /ˈpriːtə(r)/. Obsolete. A. adj. 1. Grammar. Expressing past action or state; = preterite adj. 2. Chiefly in preter tense (frequently written as one word in early use). ΘΚΠ the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > tense > [adjective] > past preteritea1450 perfectc1450 preterc1450 past1729 preteritive?1730 c1450 in D. Thomson Middle Eng. Grammatical Texts (1984) 26 How many tens be þere? V... Pretertens vnperfyth..spekyth of tyme vnperfythly passyd, as amabam: ‘I louede’... Þe pretyrtens perfyth..spekyth of tyme perfythly pasyd..as amaui: ‘I haue louyd’... Þe pretyrtens pluperfyth..spekyth of tyme more þan perfythly passyd..as amaueram: ‘I had louyd’. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 86 Circumlocutyng of al the pretertenses. 1534 T. More Treat. Passion in Wks. 1347/2 Which wordes wer..prophesyed by the verbe of the pretertemps or time passed. 1535 G. Joye Apol. Tindale sig. Aviii^v He englissheth the verbe of the pretertence resurrexerint, for the future. 1546 Bp. S. Gardiner Declar. True Articles 29 b The pretertens rather declareth a perfection in thacte, then the passing ouer the time in the acte. 1599 T. Nashe Lenten Stuffe 14 I..paralogized on their condition in the present, & in the pretertense. 1676 R. Dixon Nature Two Test. 30 So the Saying of God runs in the Præter-Tense, ‘Unto thy Seed I have given the Land’. 1711 J. Greenwood Ess. Pract. Eng. Gram. 114 In Latin..the Preter Time of the Perfect Action, is commonly called the Preter-pluperfect, that is, the Preter more than Perfect. 1747 S. Johnson Plan Dict. 16 Our verbs are conjugated by auxiliary words, and are only changed in the preter tense. 1795 T. Paine Age of Reason ii. 20 The expressions are in the preter-tense, and it would be down-right idiotism to say, that a man could prophesy in the preter-tense. 1804 J. Kelly Pract. Gram. Antient Gaelc xiii 53 It may be formed of the preter tense of the irregular verb jannoo. 2. Past, earlier, previous. ΘΚΠ the world > time > relative time > the past > [adjective] formerc1160 apassedc1314 past1340 preterite1340 eldera1400 elderna1400 eldernlya1400 bygone1424 bypast1452 ancient1490 by-runa1522 bywenta1522 spent1528 departed1552 forepassed1557 preter1578 by-come1592 worn-out1594 preterlapsed1599 foregone1609 worna1616 elapseda1644 lapsed1702 surpassed1725 gone-by1758 back1808 old-time1865 by-flown1884 1578 T. Proctor Gorgious Gallery sig. M^v Diuers mo, whose preter pathes may learne, Our future steps, our vayn vnsteady stay. 1600 J. Norden Vicissitudo Rerum sig. B The present vnlike the preter yeere we see. B. n. 1. Past time; the past. ΘΚΠ the world > time > relative time > the past > [noun] preteritea1425 past1589 then-time1606 preter1618 heretofore1824 foretime1853 bygone1872 temps perdu1932 1618 M. Baret Hipponomie i. 60 Let him observe the three (chiefe) parts of time which is, the preter, the present, the future. 1675 G. R. tr. A. Le Grand Man without Passion 200 The present..is but an individual point, an instant that separates the praeter from the future. 2. The preterite tense. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > tense > [noun] > past preterite1530 pretera1626 past tense1729 past1783 a1626 L. Andrewes XCVI Serm. (1629) x. 88 But the other hath neither future nor præter, neither mood nor tense; nay, no verb at all. a1700 Of Rudim. Definitiones f. 25, in Dict. Older Sc. Tongue at Preter(e For the preter is thriefold vnperfyte, perfyte and more than perfyte. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2007; most recently modified version published online December 2020). > see also also refers to : preter-prefix < adj.n.c1450 see also
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† preteradj.n.

> see also