presumptuousadj.n.

Brit.

/prᵻˈzʌm(p)tʃʊəs/,

/prᵻˈzʌm(p)tjʊəs/, U.S.

/priˈzəm(p)(t)ʃ(əw)əs/,

/prəˈzəm(p)(t)ʃ(əw)əs/

Forms: Middle English presomptuos, Middle English presomptuose, Middle English presumpsuis, Middle English presumpswys, Middle English presumptous, Middle English presumptueux, Middle English presumptuhows, Middle English presumptuowse, Middle English presumptus, Middle English presumtuos, Middle English presumtuouse, Middle English presuptuose (transmission error), Middle English presuptuus (transmission error), Middle English 1600s presumtuous, Middle English–1500s presumptuose, Middle English–1500s presumptuouse, Middle English–1500s presumptuows, Middle English–1600s presumptuos, Middle English– presumptuous, 1500s praesumptuous, 1500s presumtuose; Scottish pre-1700 praesumptuows, pre-1700 presumpteuus, pre-1700 presumptewous, pre-1700 presumptous, pre-1700 presumptuos, pre-1700 presumptuousse, pre-1700 presumptus, pre-1700 presumptuus, pre-1700 presumptws, pre-1700 presumtous, pre-1700 preswmptwus, pre-1700 1700s– presumptuous.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French presumtuous, presumptueus; Latin praesumptuosus, praesumptiosus.

Etymology: < Anglo-Norman presumtuous and Middle French presumptueus, presumptueux, presomptueux characterized by presumption in opinion or behaviour, arrogant, overconfident, overweening (early 13th cent. in Old French; French présomptueux ) and its etymon post-classical Latin praesumptuosus full of presumption, audacious, arrogant (5th cent.), providing grounds for presumption (c1290 in a British source), variant of praesumptiosus presumptious adj., probably influenced by sumptuōsus sumptuous adj. Compare Old Occitan prezumtuos (late 13th cent.), presumptuos (c1300), Catalan presumptuós (late 13th cent.), Spanish presuntuoso (second half of the 13th cent. or earlier; also †presumptuoso ), Portuguese presunçoso (14th cent. as †presuntuosos (plural)), Italian presuntuoso (a1321), all earliest in sense A. 1. Compare later presumptious adj. In sense A. 2, which is not paralleled in French, other Romance languages, or Latin, apparently influenced by presumptive adj. 2. In use as noun probably after post-classical Latin procatalepsis procatalepsis n.

A. adj.

1. Characterized by presumption in opinion or behaviour; unduly confident or bold; arrogant, forward, impertinent, overweening. Also: usurping.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > pride > overweening or presumption > [adjective]

thristec897

overgartc1230

jollya1340

overweening1340

presumptuousa1398

presuming1434

presumptious?a1450

cock-horse1598

overweened1602

presumant1602

presumptive1609

self-assuming1647

presultory1652

assuming1695

pretending1727

engrossinga1797

hubristic1831

superweening1862

assumptious1878

assumptive1879

hubristical1923

a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add.) f. 72^v An yuel seruaunt is..proude & presumptous [L. presumptuosus] & despisiþ his lordis heeste.

a1425 (a1349) R. Rolle Meditations on Passion (Uppsala) (1917) 35 Neuer to be proude ne presumptuous of þi ȝiftes.

Promptorium Parvulorum (Harl. 221) 412 Presumptuowse, or bolde, or malapert, presumptuosus.

1452 Duke of York in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) II. 78 Thomas Danyell..entred with force..affermyng for maintenance of his saide presumptueux and vnlawful entree that othre lordes and we stode enfeffed in the saide manoir to þe vse of him.

c1485 ( G. Hay Bk. Law of Armys (2005) 78 Suppos a knycht wald be..sa presumptuous, yat he wald assailȝe ane hundreth knychtis him allane.

1535 Bible (Coverdale) Dan. vii. C A mouth that spake presumptuous thinges.

1595 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 3 i. i. 158 Tis not thy Southerne powers..that makes thee thus presumptuous and proud.

1638 F. Quarles Hieroglyphikes i. 4 That glorious, that presumptuous thing, call'd Man.

1672 O. Walker Of Educ. i. x. 103 Such persons, if not well regulated..become..scornful and presumptuous.

1724 J. Henley et al. tr. Pliny the Younger Epist. & Panegyrick I. i. ii. 3 Nor was my Subject, which required little else besides earnestness and vehemence in Pleading, at all unfit for such an Emulation (Pardon that presumptuous Word).

1745 E. Young Consolation 80 Yet why drown Fancy in such Depths as these? Return, presumptuous Rover!

1777 W. Robertson Hist. Amer. II. v. 82 Narvaez, no less brave in action than presumptuous in conduct, armed himself in haste.

1847 A. Brontë Agnes Grey xxi. 310 If you had but rightly considered these from the beginning, you would never have harboured such presumptuous thoughts.

1881 P. Brooks Candle of Lord 299 It is almost as presumptuous to think you can do nothing as to think you can do everything.

1920 Amer. Woman Aug. 5/2 With what presumptuous swiftness he had changed himself from an occasional caller into an almost ever-present one!

1945 E. A. Burtt in Humanist 5 iii. 108 It may seem presumptuous, if not paradoxical, to suggest that a movement claiming the name ‘humanism’..might fail lamentably in its understanding of man.

2005 Observer (Nexis) 27 Nov. (Mag.) 5 The man just stands there..delivering scathing one-liners, designed to humiliate the woman for being so presumptuous as to think that she has a chance with him.

†2. Originally Scottish. Giving or suggesting plausible grounds for presumption or belief, based on a supposition or presumption; = presumptive adj. 2. Also: (of evidence) circumstantial (see circumstantial evidence at circumstantial adj. 1a). Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > testing > attestation, witness, evidence > [adjective] > supported by circumstances

presumptive1561

circumstantiala1616

moral1637

presumptuousa1639

circumstantiated1654

circumstanced1861

a1639 J. Spottiswood Hist. Church Scotl. (1677) v. 226 A number of presumptuous likelihoods and conjectures, to make it appear she was privy to the Murther.

a1652 A. Wilson Hist. Great Brit. (1653) 285 Suspected to be poisoned; the Symptoms being very presumptuous.

1740 T. Skeeler Fourteen Serm. vi. 182 Of this we have very presumptuous Evidence.

1794 J. Ravara Let. 22 Apr. in M. Marcus Origins Fed. Judiciary (1992) iv. 128 The jury..has been pleased to pronounce me guilty on presumptuous evidence.

1824 J. Hogg Private Mem. Justified Sinner 292 There are some strong presumptuous proofs against you.

1899 Yale Law Jrnl. 8 283 One of his contentions..is, that the presumption that a man is sane in the absence of evidence to the contrary..has no particular relation to the law of evidence... And he has inveighed..against considering presumptuous ‘instruments of proof’ ‘of probative force’.

†B. n.

A rhetorical figure by which an opponent's objections are anticipated and answered; = procatalepsis n. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > literature > style of language or writing > figure of speech > figures of structure or thought > [noun] > anticipation > of opponent's objections

preoccupation1552

prevention1571

procatalepsis1577

prolepsis1580

presumptuous1589

preventer1589

propounder1589

1589 G. Puttenham Arte Eng. Poesie iii. xix. 194 This figure was called the presumptuous. I will also call him the figure of presupposall or the preuenter. [margin] Procatalepsis, or the presumptuous, otherwise the figure of Presupposall.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2007; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	presumptuous
释义	presumptuousadj.n. Brit. /prᵻˈzʌm(p)tʃʊəs/, /prᵻˈzʌm(p)tjʊəs/, U.S. /priˈzəm(p)(t)ʃ(əw)əs/, /prəˈzəm(p)(t)ʃ(əw)əs/ Forms: Middle English presomptuos, Middle English presomptuose, Middle English presumpsuis, Middle English presumpswys, Middle English presumptous, Middle English presumptueux, Middle English presumptuhows, Middle English presumptuowse, Middle English presumptus, Middle English presumtuos, Middle English presumtuouse, Middle English presuptuose (transmission error), Middle English presuptuus (transmission error), Middle English 1600s presumtuous, Middle English–1500s presumptuose, Middle English–1500s presumptuouse, Middle English–1500s presumptuows, Middle English–1600s presumptuos, Middle English– presumptuous, 1500s praesumptuous, 1500s presumtuose; Scottish pre-1700 praesumptuows, pre-1700 presumpteuus, pre-1700 presumptewous, pre-1700 presumptous, pre-1700 presumptuos, pre-1700 presumptuousse, pre-1700 presumptus, pre-1700 presumptuus, pre-1700 presumptws, pre-1700 presumtous, pre-1700 preswmptwus, pre-1700 1700s– presumptuous. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French presumtuous, presumptueus; Latin praesumptuosus, praesumptiosus. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman presumtuous and Middle French presumptueus, presumptueux, presomptueux characterized by presumption in opinion or behaviour, arrogant, overconfident, overweening (early 13th cent. in Old French; French présomptueux ) and its etymon post-classical Latin praesumptuosus full of presumption, audacious, arrogant (5th cent.), providing grounds for presumption (c1290 in a British source), variant of praesumptiosus presumptious adj., probably influenced by sumptuōsus sumptuous adj. Compare Old Occitan prezumtuos (late 13th cent.), presumptuos (c1300), Catalan presumptuós (late 13th cent.), Spanish presuntuoso (second half of the 13th cent. or earlier; also †presumptuoso ), Portuguese presunçoso (14th cent. as †presuntuosos (plural)), Italian presuntuoso (a1321), all earliest in sense A. 1. Compare later presumptious adj. In sense A. 2, which is not paralleled in French, other Romance languages, or Latin, apparently influenced by presumptive adj. 2. In use as noun probably after post-classical Latin procatalepsis procatalepsis n. A. adj. 1. Characterized by presumption in opinion or behaviour; unduly confident or bold; arrogant, forward, impertinent, overweening. Also: usurping. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > pride > overweening or presumption > [adjective] thristec897 overgartc1230 jollya1340 overweening1340 presumptuousa1398 presuming1434 presumptious?a1450 cock-horse1598 overweened1602 presumant1602 presumptive1609 self-assuming1647 presultory1652 assuming1695 pretending1727 engrossinga1797 hubristic1831 superweening1862 assumptious1878 assumptive1879 hubristical1923 a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add.) f. 72^v An yuel seruaunt is..proude & presumptous [L. presumptuosus] & despisiþ his lordis heeste. a1425 (a1349) R. Rolle Meditations on Passion (Uppsala) (1917) 35 Neuer to be proude ne presumptuous of þi ȝiftes. Promptorium Parvulorum (Harl. 221) 412 Presumptuowse, or bolde, or malapert, presumptuosus. 1452 Duke of York in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) II. 78 Thomas Danyell..entred with force..affermyng for maintenance of his saide presumptueux and vnlawful entree that othre lordes and we stode enfeffed in the saide manoir to þe vse of him. c1485 ( G. Hay Bk. Law of Armys (2005) 78 Suppos a knycht wald be..sa presumptuous, yat he wald assailȝe ane hundreth knychtis him allane. 1535 Bible (Coverdale) Dan. vii. C A mouth that spake presumptuous thinges. 1595 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 3 i. i. 158 Tis not thy Southerne powers..that makes thee thus presumptuous and proud. 1638 F. Quarles Hieroglyphikes i. 4 That glorious, that presumptuous thing, call'd Man. 1672 O. Walker Of Educ. i. x. 103 Such persons, if not well regulated..become..scornful and presumptuous. 1724 J. Henley et al. tr. Pliny the Younger Epist. & Panegyrick I. i. ii. 3 Nor was my Subject, which required little else besides earnestness and vehemence in Pleading, at all unfit for such an Emulation (Pardon that presumptuous Word). 1745 E. Young Consolation 80 Yet why drown Fancy in such Depths as these? Return, presumptuous Rover! 1777 W. Robertson Hist. Amer. II. v. 82 Narvaez, no less brave in action than presumptuous in conduct, armed himself in haste. 1847 A. Brontë Agnes Grey xxi. 310 If you had but rightly considered these from the beginning, you would never have harboured such presumptuous thoughts. 1881 P. Brooks Candle of Lord 299 It is almost as presumptuous to think you can do nothing as to think you can do everything. 1920 Amer. Woman Aug. 5/2 With what presumptuous swiftness he had changed himself from an occasional caller into an almost ever-present one! 1945 E. A. Burtt in Humanist 5 iii. 108 It may seem presumptuous, if not paradoxical, to suggest that a movement claiming the name ‘humanism’..might fail lamentably in its understanding of man. 2005 Observer (Nexis) 27 Nov. (Mag.) 5 The man just stands there..delivering scathing one-liners, designed to humiliate the woman for being so presumptuous as to think that she has a chance with him. †2. Originally Scottish. Giving or suggesting plausible grounds for presumption or belief, based on a supposition or presumption; = presumptive adj. 2. Also: (of evidence) circumstantial (see circumstantial evidence at circumstantial adj. 1a). Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > testing > attestation, witness, evidence > [adjective] > supported by circumstances presumptive1561 circumstantiala1616 moral1637 presumptuousa1639 circumstantiated1654 circumstanced1861 a1639 J. Spottiswood Hist. Church Scotl. (1677) v. 226 A number of presumptuous likelihoods and conjectures, to make it appear she was privy to the Murther. a1652 A. Wilson Hist. Great Brit. (1653) 285 Suspected to be poisoned; the Symptoms being very presumptuous. 1740 T. Skeeler Fourteen Serm. vi. 182 Of this we have very presumptuous Evidence. 1794 J. Ravara Let. 22 Apr. in M. Marcus Origins Fed. Judiciary (1992) iv. 128 The jury..has been pleased to pronounce me guilty on presumptuous evidence. 1824 J. Hogg Private Mem. Justified Sinner 292 There are some strong presumptuous proofs against you. 1899 Yale Law Jrnl. 8 283 One of his contentions..is, that the presumption that a man is sane in the absence of evidence to the contrary..has no particular relation to the law of evidence... And he has inveighed..against considering presumptuous ‘instruments of proof’ ‘of probative force’. †B. n. A rhetorical figure by which an opponent's objections are anticipated and answered; = procatalepsis n. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > literature > style of language or writing > figure of speech > figures of structure or thought > [noun] > anticipation > of opponent's objections preoccupation1552 prevention1571 procatalepsis1577 prolepsis1580 presumptuous1589 preventer1589 propounder1589 1589 G. Puttenham Arte Eng. Poesie iii. xix. 194 This figure was called the presumptuous. I will also call him the figure of presupposall or the preuenter. [margin] Procatalepsis, or the presumptuous, otherwise the figure of Presupposall. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2007; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < adj.n.a1398
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