prime ministern.

Brit.

/ˌprʌɪ(m) ˈmɪnᵻstə/, U.S.

/ˌpraɪ(m) ˈmɪnəstər/

Forms: Also with capital initials.

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: prime adj., minister n.

Etymology: < prime adj. + minister n. Compare Italian primo ministro head of government (1673). Compare premier minister n. at premier adj. 1b, premier n.

1. The principal minister of a sovereign, ruler, or state; (in modern use) the head of an elected government; the chief officer of the executive branch of government in countries which have a parliamentary system; = premier n. 2a. Formerly also: the leader of the administration in certain self-governing British colonies (now historical). Occasionally: the chief servant or agent of any person of rank or position. Also figurative. Cf. premier minister n. at premier adj. 1b, prime minister of state n. (b) at prime adj. and adv. Compounds. Abbreviated P.M. (see PM n. at P n. Initialisms). First used to designate the chief minister of certain non-British rulers. In British use, originally merely a descriptive title for the minister considered to be chief among the advisers to the monarch (as Lord Burghley or the Earl of Leicester under Elizabeth I). Sir Robert Walpole was the first political leader to whom the term was (frequently disparagingly) applied with any consistency, coinciding with George I's withdrawal from attendance at cabinet meetings (1717). The term became more widely used as, under William Pitt the Younger and his successors, the position took on more political importance and gained a higher profile. In the last quarter of the 19th cent. it began to creep into official usage. In 1905 the official status of the title was recognized by Edward VII's definition of the precedence of the Prime Minister.In countries such as France, where the President has an executive function, the Prime Minister is in a subordinate position.During the British colonial period, the usual title of the chief of the ministry in the colonies was premier; in Canada and Australia this was retained in most cases for the chief minister of each constituent colony, while prime minister was used for the first minister of the whole dominion; it was also the title in the dominion of New Zealand, and in the Cape Colony, Natal, and (for a short time) the Transvaal. This distinction has been retained in the post-colonial period in Canada and Australia, where the government of a state or province is headed by a Premier, and that of the federal government by a Prime Minister. South Africa had a Prime Minister from 1910 until it became a republic in 1961, at which point the office became that of President (the heads of the constituent regions being termed Premiers).

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > a or the government > head of government > [noun] > first minister of a ruler or state

prime minister1655

first minister1657

premier1675

premier ministera1678

vizier1709

Katikkiro1866

society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > a or the government > head of government > [noun] > first minister of a ruler or state > British prime minister

prime minister of state1640

prime minister1655

grand pensionary1771

PM1907

prime1916

society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > a or the government > head of government > [noun] > first minister of a ruler or state > Commonwealth or (formerly) colonial prime minister

prime minister1901

1655 Ld. Norwich Let. 30 Nov. in E. Nicholas Papers (1897) III. 144 He bein in close treaty with the Pr. of Condés prime minister.

1680 R. L'Estrange Discovery upon Discovery 8 The Trade of getting Dinners by Scribling, 'tis the Honourable Trade of the Nation, from the Prime Minister, to the Sub-Sizer.

a1684 J. Evelyn Diary anno 1678 (1955) IV. 130 I had a long discourse with the Conde de Castel Melior, lately the prime Minister in Portugal.

1704 St. West Let. to Harley 29 Aug. in Portland Papers IV. (Hist. MSS. Comm.) 119 I have heard of people's talk, that..if the Court had appointed my Lord Rochester, or any other person to be the Prime Minister, it would have been the same thing to you, and that your aim is in time to be the Prime Minister yourself.

a1732 T. Boston View Covenant Grace (1734) 241 The prime minister of the Kingdom of Egypt.

1741 R. Walpole Speech House of Commons in J. Doran London in Jacobite Times (1877) II. 89 Having invested me with a kind of mock dignity, and styled me a Prime Minister, they impute to me an unpardonable abuse of that chimerical authority, which only they created and conferred.

1747 Biog. Brit. I. 379 Yet he [sc. Bacon] behaved..towards the Earl of Salisbury, who was now become Lord Treasurer and Prime-Minister, with submission and respect.

1790 R. Beatson Naval & Mil. Mem. I. 168 Cardinal Tencin, who, on the death of Cardinal Fleury, assumed the lead in the French councils, was now regarded as Prime Minister.

1815 M. Elphinstone Acct. Kingdom Caubul ii. iv. 188 The Moollah..had charge of the prime minister's son (a boy of sixteen when I saw him).

1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. ii. 254 When there was a lord treasurer, that great officer was generally prime minister: but..it was not till the time of Walpole that the first lord of the Treasury was considered as the head of the executive government.

1878 Treaty of Berlin 13 July The Earl of Beaconsfield, First Lord of the Treasury and Prime Minister of Her Britannic Majesty.

1882 Whitaker's Almanack 333 Japan..Prime Minister, Sanjô Saneyoshi.

1884 A. Jessopp in 19th Cent. Jan. 110 The prior was the abbot's prime minister.

1891 Times 21 Apr. 9/3 Mr. Rhodes is a very able man, but we hardly see how he can hope to combine for any length of time the position of Prime Minister of the Cape..with that of head of the British South Africa Company.

1894 Times 5 Mar. 10/4 The Queen has summoned the Earl of Rosebery, K.G...and offered him the post of Prime Minister vacated by the Right Hon. W. E. Gladstone, M.P.

1901 Whitaker's Almanack 520 New Zealand..Prime Minister, Colonial Treasurer, etc. Rt. Hon. Richd. J. Seddon.

1905 King's Warrant 2 Dec. Whereas We taking it into Our Royal consideration that the precedence of Our Prime Minister has not been declared or defined by due authority..We do hereby declare Our Royal Will and Pleasure that..the Prime Minister of Us, Our Heirs and Successors shall have place and precedence next after the Archbishop of York.

1910 Encycl. Brit. I. 97/2 A literary society was founded at Brussels in 1769 by Count Cobenzl, the prime minister of Maria Theresa.

1931 V. Sackville-West All Passion Spent i. 101 Because a gentleman has been Viceroy of India and Prime Minister of England it does not mean that his relict is left well off.

1937 R. MacG. Dawson Devel. Dominion Status 34 The Prime Minister of Canada..had the Powers issued by the King on the direct recommendation of the Canadian Privy Council.

1958 H. Hoover Ordeal of Woodrow Wilson 260 The Prime Minister of Italy..did not in any of his writings attack Mr. Wilson.

1965 A. Etzioni Political Unification 176 The Prime Minister of Jamaica again threatened in January 1960 to take Jamaica out of the federation.

1989 Encycl. Brit. at Barbados In 1958 Barbados joined the West Indies Federation, and the chief minister of the island..became prime minister of the federation.

1994 Amer. Spectator Jan. 34/2 When the European Monetary System broke down, French Prime Minister Edouard Balladur and EC President Jacques Delors openly blamed an ‘Anglo-Saxon plot’.

2006 Australian (Nexis) 12 Jan. 4 When you have the Prime Minister of Australia speaking to this group, that's a major change in the last 10 years of sustainable development and climate change diplomacy.

†2. gen. Any principal, chief, or leading minister, servant, or agent. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > control > person in control > [noun] > one who presides > over an institution or society

governora1325

principalc1325

master1389

warden1575

president1664

prime minister1694

premier1784

1646 J. Maxwell Burden of Issachar 11 To effectuate his private Designes, he made much of some few prime leading Ministers.]

1694 N. Luttrell Diary in Brief Hist. Relation State Affairs (1857) III. 355 The emperor of China and several of his prime ministers are turnd Christians.

1703 Clarendon's Hist. Rebellion II. vii. 322 He [sc. Charles I] receiv'd Advice and Information, from some of his prime Ministers of that Kingdom [sc. Ireland].

1725 D. Dolins in G. Lemoine Charges to Grand Jury (1992) 204 His Majesty, and his Prime Ministers.

1825 J. Clare in W. Hone Every-day Bk. (1826) I. 885 Time, the prime minister of death, There's nought, can bribe his honest will.

Derivatives

ˌprime-miniˈsterial adj. of or relating to a prime minister.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > a or the government > head of government > [adjective] > of or relating to prime minister

prime-ministerial1731

1731 P. Wharton Sel. & Authentick Pieces 106 You decline the Peerage, and content yourself with remaining a Commoner, adorn'd with the Ensigns of Knighthood; which is a rare Example of Prime Ministerial Modesty!

1897 Westm. Gaz. 9 Dec. 10/1 What may be regarded as Mr. Gladstone's Prime Ministerial youth was very vigorous.

1991 Parl. Affairs 44 458 Prime-ministerial powers based both on recommendations to the Sovereign to exercise the royal prerogative and on political usage only exist through the acquiescence of those groups.

prime ˈministership n. the position or office of prime minister; the fact of being a prime minister.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > a or the government > head of government > [noun] > first minister of a ruler or state > British prime minister > office or position of

prime ministry1701

prime ministership1846

1846 Fraser's Mag. Jan. 79/2 An infinitely greater triumph of mind over aristocratic exclusiveness than the prime-ministership of M. Thiers or of M. Guizot.

1867 Athenæum 23 Nov. 679/2 He won..the Prime Ministership.

1926 Amer. Hist. Rev. 31 781 The best period of Russell's career..was his first prime ministership, 1846 to 1852.

1997 Daily Tel. 3 Mar. 20/6 The prime ministership, though not the name of the man who holds it, is just as hereditary as a dukedom.

prime ˈministry n. = prime ministership n.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > a or the government > head of government > [noun] > first minister of a ruler or state > British prime minister > office or position of

prime ministry1701

prime ministership1846

1701 Claims of People of Eng. 109 Who can blame a King that shall find out a cunning Statesman, and place him in the prime Ministry.

1894 Atlantic Monthly Mar. 341/2 At the end of the first quarter of Robert's prime ministry the expenses had been as much less as the comfort was greater.

1999 Maclean's 29 Mar. 2/1 Joe Clark is back—..sitting at the head of the table to take questions from reporters and editors, several of whom were there when he started out on his first quest for the prime ministry more than 20 years ago.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	prime minister
释义	prime ministern. Brit. /ˌprʌɪ(m) ˈmɪnᵻstə/, U.S. /ˌpraɪ(m) ˈmɪnəstər/ Forms: Also with capital initials. Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: prime adj., minister n. Etymology: < prime adj. + minister n. Compare Italian primo ministro head of government (1673). Compare premier minister n. at premier adj. 1b, premier n. 1. The principal minister of a sovereign, ruler, or state; (in modern use) the head of an elected government; the chief officer of the executive branch of government in countries which have a parliamentary system; = premier n. 2a. Formerly also: the leader of the administration in certain self-governing British colonies (now historical). Occasionally: the chief servant or agent of any person of rank or position. Also figurative. Cf. premier minister n. at premier adj. 1b, prime minister of state n. (b) at prime adj. and adv. Compounds. Abbreviated P.M. (see PM n. at P n. Initialisms). First used to designate the chief minister of certain non-British rulers. In British use, originally merely a descriptive title for the minister considered to be chief among the advisers to the monarch (as Lord Burghley or the Earl of Leicester under Elizabeth I). Sir Robert Walpole was the first political leader to whom the term was (frequently disparagingly) applied with any consistency, coinciding with George I's withdrawal from attendance at cabinet meetings (1717). The term became more widely used as, under William Pitt the Younger and his successors, the position took on more political importance and gained a higher profile. In the last quarter of the 19th cent. it began to creep into official usage. In 1905 the official status of the title was recognized by Edward VII's definition of the precedence of the Prime Minister.In countries such as France, where the President has an executive function, the Prime Minister is in a subordinate position.During the British colonial period, the usual title of the chief of the ministry in the colonies was premier; in Canada and Australia this was retained in most cases for the chief minister of each constituent colony, while prime minister was used for the first minister of the whole dominion; it was also the title in the dominion of New Zealand, and in the Cape Colony, Natal, and (for a short time) the Transvaal. This distinction has been retained in the post-colonial period in Canada and Australia, where the government of a state or province is headed by a Premier, and that of the federal government by a Prime Minister. South Africa had a Prime Minister from 1910 until it became a republic in 1961, at which point the office became that of President (the heads of the constituent regions being termed Premiers). ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > a or the government > head of government > [noun] > first minister of a ruler or state prime minister1655 first minister1657 premier1675 premier ministera1678 vizier1709 Katikkiro1866 society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > a or the government > head of government > [noun] > first minister of a ruler or state > British prime minister prime minister of state1640 prime minister1655 grand pensionary1771 PM1907 prime1916 society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > a or the government > head of government > [noun] > first minister of a ruler or state > Commonwealth or (formerly) colonial prime minister prime minister1901 1655 Ld. Norwich Let. 30 Nov. in E. Nicholas Papers (1897) III. 144 He bein in close treaty with the Pr. of Condés prime minister. 1680 R. L'Estrange Discovery upon Discovery 8 The Trade of getting Dinners by Scribling, 'tis the Honourable Trade of the Nation, from the Prime Minister, to the Sub-Sizer. a1684 J. Evelyn Diary anno 1678 (1955) IV. 130 I had a long discourse with the Conde de Castel Melior, lately the prime Minister in Portugal. 1704 St. West Let. to Harley 29 Aug. in Portland Papers IV. (Hist. MSS. Comm.) 119 I have heard of people's talk, that..if the Court had appointed my Lord Rochester, or any other person to be the Prime Minister, it would have been the same thing to you, and that your aim is in time to be the Prime Minister yourself. a1732 T. Boston View Covenant Grace (1734) 241 The prime minister of the Kingdom of Egypt. 1741 R. Walpole Speech House of Commons in J. Doran London in Jacobite Times (1877) II. 89 Having invested me with a kind of mock dignity, and styled me a Prime Minister, they impute to me an unpardonable abuse of that chimerical authority, which only they created and conferred. 1747 Biog. Brit. I. 379 Yet he [sc. Bacon] behaved..towards the Earl of Salisbury, who was now become Lord Treasurer and Prime-Minister, with submission and respect. 1790 R. Beatson Naval & Mil. Mem. I. 168 Cardinal Tencin, who, on the death of Cardinal Fleury, assumed the lead in the French councils, was now regarded as Prime Minister. 1815 M. Elphinstone Acct. Kingdom Caubul ii. iv. 188 The Moollah..had charge of the prime minister's son (a boy of sixteen when I saw him). 1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. ii. 254 When there was a lord treasurer, that great officer was generally prime minister: but..it was not till the time of Walpole that the first lord of the Treasury was considered as the head of the executive government. 1878 Treaty of Berlin 13 July The Earl of Beaconsfield, First Lord of the Treasury and Prime Minister of Her Britannic Majesty. 1882 Whitaker's Almanack 333 Japan..Prime Minister, Sanjô Saneyoshi. 1884 A. Jessopp in 19th Cent. Jan. 110 The prior was the abbot's prime minister. 1891 Times 21 Apr. 9/3 Mr. Rhodes is a very able man, but we hardly see how he can hope to combine for any length of time the position of Prime Minister of the Cape..with that of head of the British South Africa Company. 1894 Times 5 Mar. 10/4 The Queen has summoned the Earl of Rosebery, K.G...and offered him the post of Prime Minister vacated by the Right Hon. W. E. Gladstone, M.P. 1901 Whitaker's Almanack 520 New Zealand..Prime Minister, Colonial Treasurer, etc. Rt. Hon. Richd. J. Seddon. 1905 King's Warrant 2 Dec. Whereas We taking it into Our Royal consideration that the precedence of Our Prime Minister has not been declared or defined by due authority..We do hereby declare Our Royal Will and Pleasure that..the Prime Minister of Us, Our Heirs and Successors shall have place and precedence next after the Archbishop of York. 1910 Encycl. Brit. I. 97/2 A literary society was founded at Brussels in 1769 by Count Cobenzl, the prime minister of Maria Theresa. 1931 V. Sackville-West All Passion Spent i. 101 Because a gentleman has been Viceroy of India and Prime Minister of England it does not mean that his relict is left well off. 1937 R. MacG. Dawson Devel. Dominion Status 34 The Prime Minister of Canada..had the Powers issued by the King on the direct recommendation of the Canadian Privy Council. 1958 H. Hoover Ordeal of Woodrow Wilson 260 The Prime Minister of Italy..did not in any of his writings attack Mr. Wilson. 1965 A. Etzioni Political Unification 176 The Prime Minister of Jamaica again threatened in January 1960 to take Jamaica out of the federation. 1989 Encycl. Brit. at Barbados In 1958 Barbados joined the West Indies Federation, and the chief minister of the island..became prime minister of the federation. 1994 Amer. Spectator Jan. 34/2 When the European Monetary System broke down, French Prime Minister Edouard Balladur and EC President Jacques Delors openly blamed an ‘Anglo-Saxon plot’. 2006 Australian (Nexis) 12 Jan. 4 When you have the Prime Minister of Australia speaking to this group, that's a major change in the last 10 years of sustainable development and climate change diplomacy. †2. gen. Any principal, chief, or leading minister, servant, or agent. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > authority > control > person in control > [noun] > one who presides > over an institution or society governora1325 principalc1325 master1389 warden1575 president1664 prime minister1694 premier1784 1646 J. Maxwell Burden of Issachar 11 To effectuate his private Designes, he made much of some few prime leading Ministers.] 1694 N. Luttrell Diary in Brief Hist. Relation State Affairs (1857) III. 355 The emperor of China and several of his prime ministers are turnd Christians. 1703 Clarendon's Hist. Rebellion II. vii. 322 He [sc. Charles I] receiv'd Advice and Information, from some of his prime Ministers of that Kingdom [sc. Ireland]. 1725 D. Dolins in G. Lemoine Charges to Grand Jury (1992) 204 His Majesty, and his Prime Ministers. 1825 J. Clare in W. Hone Every-day Bk. (1826) I. 885 Time, the prime minister of death, There's nought, can bribe his honest will. Derivatives ˌprime-miniˈsterial adj. of or relating to a prime minister. ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > a or the government > head of government > [adjective] > of or relating to prime minister prime-ministerial1731 1731 P. Wharton Sel. & Authentick Pieces 106 You decline the Peerage, and content yourself with remaining a Commoner, adorn'd with the Ensigns of Knighthood; which is a rare Example of Prime Ministerial Modesty! 1897 Westm. Gaz. 9 Dec. 10/1 What may be regarded as Mr. Gladstone's Prime Ministerial youth was very vigorous. 1991 Parl. Affairs 44 458 Prime-ministerial powers based both on recommendations to the Sovereign to exercise the royal prerogative and on political usage only exist through the acquiescence of those groups. prime ˈministership n. the position or office of prime minister; the fact of being a prime minister. ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > a or the government > head of government > [noun] > first minister of a ruler or state > British prime minister > office or position of prime ministry1701 prime ministership1846 1846 Fraser's Mag. Jan. 79/2 An infinitely greater triumph of mind over aristocratic exclusiveness than the prime-ministership of M. Thiers or of M. Guizot. 1867 Athenæum 23 Nov. 679/2 He won..the Prime Ministership. 1926 Amer. Hist. Rev. 31 781 The best period of Russell's career..was his first prime ministership, 1846 to 1852. 1997 Daily Tel. 3 Mar. 20/6 The prime ministership, though not the name of the man who holds it, is just as hereditary as a dukedom. prime ˈministry n. = prime ministership n. ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > a or the government > head of government > [noun] > first minister of a ruler or state > British prime minister > office or position of prime ministry1701 prime ministership1846 1701 Claims of People of Eng. 109 Who can blame a King that shall find out a cunning Statesman, and place him in the prime Ministry. 1894 Atlantic Monthly Mar. 341/2 At the end of the first quarter of Robert's prime ministry the expenses had been as much less as the comfort was greater. 1999 Maclean's 29 Mar. 2/1 Joe Clark is back—..sitting at the head of the table to take questions from reporters and editors, several of whom were there when he started out on his first quest for the prime ministry more than 20 years ago. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022). prime ministerv. Brit. /ˌprʌɪ(m) ˈmɪnᵻstə/, U.S. /ˈˌpraɪ(m) ˈmɪnəstər/ Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: prime minister n. Etymology: < prime minister n. Compare earlier prime ministering n. transitive. To govern. Also intransitive: to act as prime minister. ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > rule or govern [verb (transitive)] steera900 hold971 wieldOE warda1000 redeOE wisc1000 i-weldeOE rightlecheOE rightOE raima1325 governc1325 guyc1330 rulea1387 justicec1390 rekea1400 reigna1413 lorda1450 earlc1450 seignoryc1475 over-govern1485 overrulec1488 emperyc1503 gubern?a1505 signorize1594 sway1613 gubernate1623 overlead1720 belord1858 prime minister1906 1906 E. Dyson Fact'ry 'Ands viii. 95 Sleepy, yeh orter be Prime Ministering this 'ere Commonwealth. 1968 J. M. Beck Pendulum of Power 377 Pearson none the less spent an unprecedented amount of the election period in Ottawa ‘prime ministering’. 1985 Listener 31 Jan. 6/1 Watching their lordships discussing the state of the nation, a nation some of them once prime-ministered.., it's strange to think of them as forming a part of the machinery of government. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022). > as lemmas prime minister Frequently with modifying word, either preceding (as colonial minister, defence minister, health minister, prime minister, etc.), or after of, for, or another preposition (as †minister of the marine, minister for (also of) foreign affairs, etc.): examples not covered elsewhere are included here. Minister without Portfolio: see Minister without Portfolio at portfolio n. Phrases a.extracted from ministern. < n.1655v.1906 as lemmas
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prime ministern.

Derivatives

prime ministerv.

> as lemmas