primaladj.n.

Brit.

/ˈprʌɪml/, U.S.

/ˈpraɪm(ə)l/

Forms: 1500s– primal, 1600s–1700s primall.

Origin: Probably of multiple origins. Probably partly a borrowing from Latin. Probably partly formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: Latin primalis ; prime adj., -al suffix¹.

Etymology: Probably partly < post-classical Latin primalis of the first rank, primary, principal (c1180 in a British source; 1485 in a continental source) < classical Latin prīmus prime adj. + -ālis -al suffix¹, and partly < prime adj. + -al suffix¹. Compare earlier primary adj., primitive adj., and (with sense A. 1) primalty n.In sense A. 2b after German compounds in ur- ur- prefix (frequently in the writings of Sigmund Freud, e.g. 1913 in the passage translated in quot. 1918 at sense A. 2b; compare also primal father n., primal horde n., primal scene n. at Compounds). In sense A. 5 after scientific Latin Primalia (suggested by the American naturalists T. B. Wilson and J. Cassin 1864, in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 1863 15 113–121).

A. adj.

†1. = primatial adj. 1. Cf. primalty n. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > church government > member of the clergy > clerical superior > primate > [adjective]

primal1543

primatial1623

primaticala1677

primatic1687

1543 Harding's Chron. cii. v Whiche the byshop Adrian, anone hastely Graunted him then, by bulles written papal, Lambert depriuyng of his sea primal.

a. Belonging to the earliest time or stage; original, first. Also: belonging to an ancient time; primitive, primeval. Cf. primary adj. 1.

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > relative time > the past > oldness or ancientness > [adjective] > ancient or of early origin

oldeOE

olden daysa1400

for-oldc1400

ancient1475

(as) old as Adama1599

antiquary1599

high1601

primal1604

hoary1609

grandeval1650

Noachal1661

patriarchal1806

(as) old as the hills1819

world-old1837

eld1854

age-old1860

far-back1869

Noachian1874

pornial1883

1604 W. Shakespeare Hamlet iii. iii. 37 My offence is ranck,..It hath the primall eldest curse vppont, A brothers murther.

1615 Marriage & Wiving iii, in Harl. Misc. (Malh.) III. 258 The primal blessing, Increase and multiply.

1730 ‘M. Gulliver’ Censoriad Proem It hath enabled us to bring into Light this Piece in its primal Purity.

1785 W. Cowper Task i. 364 See him sweating o'er his bread Before he eats it.—'Tis the primal curse, But soften'd into mercy.

1817 T. Moore Lalla Rookh 15 And bring its primal glories back again.

1884 Cent. Mag. Nov. 63/2 They therefore formulated an ideal of what nature ought to be, of what seemed to them the primal type, freed from the thousand variations of its actual carrying-out.

1918 A. G. Gardiner Leaves in Wind 92 Perhaps the new way of life is beginning in the allotment movement which is restoring to us the primal sanities of nature.

1958 R. K. Narayan Guide vii. 108 Nataraja, the god whose primal dance..set the worlds in motion.

1992 M. Medved Hollywood vs. Amer. vi. xviii. 303 The raw materials of inspiration include elements as primal and potentially frightening as violence, sex and death.

b. Psychology. Of, relating to, or designating the needs, fears, behaviour, etc., that are held (esp. in Freudian theory) to form the origins of emotional life. See also primal therapy n. at Compounds.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > psychology > theory of psychoanalysis > theories of Freud > child's desire for parent > [adjective] > early

primal1918

1918 A. A. Brill tr. S. Freud Totem & Taboo iv. 218 If the totem animal is the father, then the two main commandments of totemism..agree in content with the two crimes of Oedipus..and also with the child's two primal wishes [Ger. Urwünschen] whose insufficient repression..forms the nucleus of perhaps all neuroses.

1950 A. Strachey & J. Strachey tr. S. Freud Coll. Papers V. 229 Parricide, according to a well-known view, is the principal and primal crime of humanity.

1973 D. Nicholson-Smith tr. J. Laplanche & J.-B. Pontalis Lang. of Psycho-anal. 334 This anticathexis..is unlikely to derive from the super-ego, whose formation is subsequent to primal repression.

1987 J. Saltman Mod. Canad. Children's Bks. 117 His nonsense verse, which breaks parental social taboos and behavioural codes, explores children's primal fantasies, and flirts with the forbidden and the risqué.

a. Most important, chief; fundamental, essential. Cf. primary adj. 2.

ΘΚΠ

the world > existence and causation > causation > basis or foundation > [adjective]

fundamental1588

primal1619

groundinga1641

radical1648

radicative1657

ultimate1659

substrated1663

substrate1678

foundational1683

principial1699

basic1846

basal1866

substratal1881

nuclear1912

gut1964

blue skies1985

the mind > attention and judgement > importance > [adjective] > essential or central

cardinal1440

material1603

primal1619

real1620

centrical1659

vital1659

essential1770

nucleal1826

key1832

pivotal1837

keystone1846

pivot1861

quintessential1901

central1902

core1962

1619 Helpe to Discourse 271 It will be more curious..to follow your petty Anniuersary Oracle..then that matter of all primall importance.

1684 Aristoteles Master-piece iii. 30 The primal cause..we must ascribe to God the Ruler and Disposer of all things.

1749 Inq. Rights of Free Subj. 22 The Laws consider this primal Right, this Right of natural Property, as sacred and inviolable.

1772 S. Whyte Shamrock 465 Nature's primal Duty, Self-Defence, May safely with some formal Points dispense.

1814 W. Wordsworth Excursion ix. 398 The primal duties shine aloft—like stars.

1879 W. E. Gladstone Gleanings Past Years I. vii. 201 The great questions of policy which appeal to the primal truths and laws of our nature.

1904 Collier's 7 May 7/2 Self-defence is..perhaps the primal necessity for any people.

1992 New Yorker 24 Aug. 50/1 The streets and buildings seem glazed and remote... The primal action is at sea.

b. Originally U.S. Designating each of the principal cuts of beef, pork, veal, or lamb, prior to its subdivision into smaller cuts for the retail market. Chiefly in primal cuts: these cuts considered collectively.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > animals for food > cut or piece of meat > [adjective]

primal1914

subprimal1967

1914 Atlanta (Georgia) Constit. 17 June 8/4 Early the next morning the carcasses can be cut up and the primal parts trimmed preparatory to curing.

1930 Chicago Tribune 6 July d8/2 The packer uses trimmings from primal cuts as well as primal cuts. By primal cuts we mean hams, shoulders and loins.

1974 Oshkosh (Wisconsin) Daily Northwestern 14 June 14/2 Blown multi-layer film used for packaging primal meat cuts will be manufactured in the addition being built on the firm's facility.

1998 Grocer 30 May 22/2 Ministers and producer lobbyists like to..proclaim policies encouraging exports as primal cuts instead of on the hoof.

4. Geology. Of, relating to, or designating the first (lowest) of fifteen subdivisions into which the geologist H. D. Rogers divided the Palaeozoic strata of the Appalachian mountain system. Now historical.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > structure of the earth > age or period > [adjective] > primary or Palaeozoic

primal1858

Phanerozoic1930

the world > the earth > structure of the earth > age or period > stratigraphic units > [adjective] > primary or Palaeozoic

primal1858

primordial1859

primary1871

1858 H. D. Rogers Geol. Pennsylvania II. ii. 749 These periods..are the Primal, Auroral, Matinal, Levant, Surgent [etc.].

1884 Science 7 Nov. 448 With the exception of the Scolithus, found in a small part of the so-called primal or Potsdam series, all these rocks are alike unfossiliferous.

1978 Isis 69 184 They [sc. W. B. and H. D. Rogers] had long since described a Primal series of which the Potsdam sandstone was one member.

†5. Biology. Of or relating to a proposed kingdom Primalia of simple organisms regarded as distinct from animals and plants, as protozoans, algae, etc. Obsolete. rare.The names Protista and Protoctista became more widely adopted for this kingdom.

ΚΠ

1890 Cent. Dict. Primal, of or pertaining to the kingdom Primalia.

B. n.

†1. A design or motif characteristic of primitive art. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > ornamental art and craft > pattern or design > [noun] > others

popinjay1322

serpent1388

moss-work1600

flame1602

frostwork1631

damask branch1634

mascaron1664

lacework1675

swash1680

branch-work1702

escallop-shella1706

festoon work1712

ovum1728

bricking1760

rising sun1787

ram's horn1842

linen-pattern1845

linen-scroll1854

wheel-rood1862

primal1875

patch ornament1878

tree1879

wheel-cross1882

skeuomorph1889

linenfold1891

taotie1915

boteh1917

pelta1935

starburst1953

quilling1972

towel-pattern-

1875 Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc. 15 302 Neither can we form any idea from contemplating the ultimate expressions of forms belonging to old and cultured races what their crude primals may have been.

2. An instance of undergoing primal therapy; a session or course of primal therapy (frequently in plural).

ΚΠ

1970 J. Lennon in J. Wenner Lennon Remembers (1971) 52 I remember being in Wales. And then... I can't remember. I will probably have to have a bloody primal for this.

1975 Times 28 Feb. 26/4 (advt.) Interested in hearing from anyone who has done Primals with Janov.

1994 Edges (Toronto) Spring 38/1 Of all the cathexes and catharses, the abreactions, auditings, and primals, the entire armament of kosher and hokey therapies, not one will uproot the perennial Nebbish.

3. Originally and chiefly U.S. A primal cut of meat. Frequently in plural.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > animals for food > part or joint of animal > [noun]

spauld?a1513

joint1576

lift1688

primal1972

1972 Portsmouth (New Hampsh.) Herald 3 Jan. 18/2 (advt.) Each meat label..will include the retail name as well as the Primal from which it was cut.

1993 Irish Times (Nexis) 5 Feb. 6 Tests..showed that there was no finding of general over-fat on the Rathkeale primals.

2001 E. Schlosser Fast Food Nation vii. 154 A large plant..that not only slaughtered cattle but also ‘fabricated’ them into smaller cuts of meat—into primals (chucks, loins, ribs, rounds) and subprimals (such as chuck rolls).

Compounds

primal born adj. rare firstborn.

ΚΠ

1874 T. N. Harper Peace through Truth 2nd Ser. i. 60 The physical light of heaven, primal-born of all the things of creation.

1991 Hinduism Today (Nexis) 30 June 13 The Brhadaranyaka Upanishad..calls Brahma ‘the Primal-born, greatest of all Yakshas’.

primal father n. [after German Urvater (1913 in the passage translated in quot. 1918)] Psychology (esp. in Freudian theory) the dominant male, possessing all the females, regarded as having been characteristic of the earliest human societies.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > psychology > social psychology > psychology of races or peoples > [noun] > dominant male

primal father1918

1918 A. A. Brill tr. S. Freud Totem & Taboo iv. 245 An ideal could arise having as a content the fullness of power and the freedom from restriction of the conquered primal father, as well as the willingness to subject themselves to him.

1934 R. Money-Kyrle tr. G. Róheim Riddle of Sphinx iv. 179 All human institutions are regarded as foundations of the primal father.

2002 D. M. Friedman Mind of its Own iv. 147 For Freud, the sexually motivated murder of the primal father, an act echoed in the Oedipus complex, is the dawning of civilization.

primal horde n. [after German Urhorde (1913 in the passage translated in quot. 1918)] Psychology (esp. in Freudian theory) a conjectured form of the earliest human social group.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > psychology > social psychology > psychology of races or peoples > [noun] > original group

primal horde1918

1918 A. A. Brill tr. S. Freud Totem & Taboo iv. 246 The family was a reconstruction of the former primal horde and also restored a great part of their former rights to the fathers.

1969 P. A. Robinson Freudian Left 98 Verbal communication is the only vehicle of traditional continuity we know of; but, ex hypothesi, the primal-horde epoch must have been over before the development of speech.

1980 MLN 95 1370 Freud's increasing isolation from his followers during this period was largely the result of his having assumed the persecutory, sacrificial role of the ruthless father-overlord of the primal horde.

primal law n. Cultural Anthropology and Psychology a law or primary social principle which is held (by some theorists) to originate at or before the time of the earliest human society; esp. the regulation of marriage and prohibition of incest by the authority of a dominant male.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > psychology > social psychology > psychology of races or peoples > [noun] > original social law

primal lawa1899

a1899 J. J. Atkinson Primal Law (1903) i. 210 The following thesis, however, on the genesis of primal law in human marriage, treats of a conjectural series of events in the ascent of man.

1904 Amer. Jrnl. Sociol. 9 840 Primal Law is the male fiat which ordained the terms of this accommodation of interests, expressed in prohibitions from which are derived the rule of exogamy.

2003 Queen's Q. (Nexis) Sept. 354 You will find it was licentiousness, or the desecration of the primal law of marriage, which was the canker-worm at the root of the sacred tree of liberty.

primal scene n. [after German Urszene (1924 in the passage translated in quot. 1925)] Psychology (in Freudian theory) a child's first experience of witnessing his or her parents having sexual intercourse.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > psychology > theory of psychoanalysis > theories of Freud > child's desire for parent > [noun] > early stage

primal scene1925

1925 A. Strachey & J. Strachey tr. S. Freud Infantile Neurosis in Coll. Papers III. v. 510 We will proceed with the study of the relations between this ‘primal scene’ and the patient's dream.

1957 M. McCarthy Memories Catholic Girlhood viii. 204 I conceived an aversion to apricots..from having watched her with them, just as though I had witnessed what Freud calls the primal scene.

1992 Matrix Summer 7/2 In a re-play of the primal scene that also re-calls Brian De Palma's most tongue-in-cheek excursion into voyeurism..Norm sees the object of his curiosity.

primal therapist n. a practitioner of primal therapy.

ΚΠ

1970 A. Janov Primal Scream viii. 105 It should not be surprising that a patient will allow a Primal Therapist to cut into his Pain soon after their meeting.

2003 Spokesman-Rev. (Spokane, Washington) (Nexis) 18 Sept. d5 Ms. Riley also worked as a consultant to other healers and professionals, including gestalt and primal therapists, medical doctors, psychiatrists, naturopaths and spiritual teachers.

primal therapy n. Psychology a form of therapy that involves the recovery and exploration of repressed primal experiences (cf. sense A. 2b), esp. one in which the patient is encouraged to release repressed feelings by actions such as screaming.

ΚΠ

1970 A. Janov Primal Scream 11 Primal therapy is..revolutionary because it involves overthrowing the neurotic system by a forceful upheaval.

2000 D. A. Eisner Death of Psychotherapy i. 3 A variety of cathartic therapies espouse the notion that uncovering an earlier trauma and ventilating feelings will lead to emotional well-being. Thus, Primal Therapy and Bioenergetic Analysis employ emotional catharsis as the vehicle to dealing with mental disorders.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2007; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	primal
释义	primaladj.n. Brit. /ˈprʌɪml/, U.S. /ˈpraɪm(ə)l/ Forms: 1500s– primal, 1600s–1700s primall. Origin: Probably of multiple origins. Probably partly a borrowing from Latin. Probably partly formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: Latin primalis ; prime adj., -al suffix¹. Etymology: Probably partly < post-classical Latin primalis of the first rank, primary, principal (c1180 in a British source; 1485 in a continental source) < classical Latin prīmus prime adj. + -ālis -al suffix¹, and partly < prime adj. + -al suffix¹. Compare earlier primary adj., primitive adj., and (with sense A. 1) primalty n.In sense A. 2b after German compounds in ur- ur- prefix (frequently in the writings of Sigmund Freud, e.g. 1913 in the passage translated in quot. 1918 at sense A. 2b; compare also primal father n., primal horde n., primal scene n. at Compounds). In sense A. 5 after scientific Latin Primalia (suggested by the American naturalists T. B. Wilson and J. Cassin 1864, in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 1863 15 113–121). A. adj. †1. = primatial adj. 1. Cf. primalty n. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ society > faith > church government > member of the clergy > clerical superior > primate > [adjective] primal1543 primatial1623 primaticala1677 primatic1687 1543 Harding's Chron. cii. v Whiche the byshop Adrian, anone hastely Graunted him then, by bulles written papal, Lambert depriuyng of his sea primal. 2. a. Belonging to the earliest time or stage; original, first. Also: belonging to an ancient time; primitive, primeval. Cf. primary adj. 1. ΘΚΠ the world > time > relative time > the past > oldness or ancientness > [adjective] > ancient or of early origin oldeOE olden daysa1400 for-oldc1400 ancient1475 (as) old as Adama1599 antiquary1599 high1601 primal1604 hoary1609 grandeval1650 Noachal1661 patriarchal1806 (as) old as the hills1819 world-old1837 eld1854 age-old1860 far-back1869 Noachian1874 pornial1883 1604 W. Shakespeare Hamlet iii. iii. 37 My offence is ranck,..It hath the primall eldest curse vppont, A brothers murther. 1615 Marriage & Wiving iii, in Harl. Misc. (Malh.) III. 258 The primal blessing, Increase and multiply. 1730 ‘M. Gulliver’ Censoriad Proem It hath enabled us to bring into Light this Piece in its primal Purity. 1785 W. Cowper Task i. 364 See him sweating o'er his bread Before he eats it.—'Tis the primal curse, But soften'd into mercy. 1817 T. Moore Lalla Rookh 15 And bring its primal glories back again. 1884 Cent. Mag. Nov. 63/2 They therefore formulated an ideal of what nature ought to be, of what seemed to them the primal type, freed from the thousand variations of its actual carrying-out. 1918 A. G. Gardiner Leaves in Wind 92 Perhaps the new way of life is beginning in the allotment movement which is restoring to us the primal sanities of nature. 1958 R. K. Narayan Guide vii. 108 Nataraja, the god whose primal dance..set the worlds in motion. 1992 M. Medved Hollywood vs. Amer. vi. xviii. 303 The raw materials of inspiration include elements as primal and potentially frightening as violence, sex and death. b. Psychology. Of, relating to, or designating the needs, fears, behaviour, etc., that are held (esp. in Freudian theory) to form the origins of emotional life. See also primal therapy n. at Compounds. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > psychology > theory of psychoanalysis > theories of Freud > child's desire for parent > [adjective] > early primal1918 1918 A. A. Brill tr. S. Freud Totem & Taboo iv. 218 If the totem animal is the father, then the two main commandments of totemism..agree in content with the two crimes of Oedipus..and also with the child's two primal wishes [Ger. Urwünschen] whose insufficient repression..forms the nucleus of perhaps all neuroses. 1950 A. Strachey & J. Strachey tr. S. Freud Coll. Papers V. 229 Parricide, according to a well-known view, is the principal and primal crime of humanity. 1973 D. Nicholson-Smith tr. J. Laplanche & J.-B. Pontalis Lang. of Psycho-anal. 334 This anticathexis..is unlikely to derive from the super-ego, whose formation is subsequent to primal repression. 1987 J. Saltman Mod. Canad. Children's Bks. 117 His nonsense verse, which breaks parental social taboos and behavioural codes, explores children's primal fantasies, and flirts with the forbidden and the risqué. 3. a. Most important, chief; fundamental, essential. Cf. primary adj. 2. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > causation > basis or foundation > [adjective] fundamental1588 primal1619 groundinga1641 radical1648 radicative1657 ultimate1659 substrated1663 substrate1678 foundational1683 principial1699 basic1846 basal1866 substratal1881 nuclear1912 gut1964 blue skies1985 the mind > attention and judgement > importance > [adjective] > essential or central cardinal1440 material1603 primal1619 real1620 centrical1659 vital1659 essential1770 nucleal1826 key1832 pivotal1837 keystone1846 pivot1861 quintessential1901 central1902 core1962 1619 Helpe to Discourse 271 It will be more curious..to follow your petty Anniuersary Oracle..then that matter of all primall importance. 1684 Aristoteles Master-piece iii. 30 The primal cause..we must ascribe to God the Ruler and Disposer of all things. 1749 Inq. Rights of Free Subj. 22 The Laws consider this primal Right, this Right of natural Property, as sacred and inviolable. 1772 S. Whyte Shamrock 465 Nature's primal Duty, Self-Defence, May safely with some formal Points dispense. 1814 W. Wordsworth Excursion ix. 398 The primal duties shine aloft—like stars. View more context for this quotation 1879 W. E. Gladstone Gleanings Past Years I. vii. 201 The great questions of policy which appeal to the primal truths and laws of our nature. 1904 Collier's 7 May 7/2 Self-defence is..perhaps the primal necessity for any people. 1992 New Yorker 24 Aug. 50/1 The streets and buildings seem glazed and remote... The primal action is at sea. b. Originally U.S. Designating each of the principal cuts of beef, pork, veal, or lamb, prior to its subdivision into smaller cuts for the retail market. Chiefly in primal cuts: these cuts considered collectively. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > animals for food > cut or piece of meat > [adjective] primal1914 subprimal1967 1914 Atlanta (Georgia) Constit. 17 June 8/4 Early the next morning the carcasses can be cut up and the primal parts trimmed preparatory to curing. 1930 Chicago Tribune 6 July d8/2 The packer uses trimmings from primal cuts as well as primal cuts. By primal cuts we mean hams, shoulders and loins. 1974 Oshkosh (Wisconsin) Daily Northwestern 14 June 14/2 Blown multi-layer film used for packaging primal meat cuts will be manufactured in the addition being built on the firm's facility. 1998 Grocer 30 May 22/2 Ministers and producer lobbyists like to..proclaim policies encouraging exports as primal cuts instead of on the hoof. 4. Geology. Of, relating to, or designating the first (lowest) of fifteen subdivisions into which the geologist H. D. Rogers divided the Palaeozoic strata of the Appalachian mountain system. Now historical. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > structure of the earth > age or period > [adjective] > primary or Palaeozoic primal1858 Phanerozoic1930 the world > the earth > structure of the earth > age or period > stratigraphic units > [adjective] > primary or Palaeozoic primal1858 primordial1859 primary1871 1858 H. D. Rogers Geol. Pennsylvania II. ii. 749 These periods..are the Primal, Auroral, Matinal, Levant, Surgent [etc.]. 1884 Science 7 Nov. 448 With the exception of the Scolithus, found in a small part of the so-called primal or Potsdam series, all these rocks are alike unfossiliferous. 1978 Isis 69 184 They [sc. W. B. and H. D. Rogers] had long since described a Primal series of which the Potsdam sandstone was one member. †5. Biology. Of or relating to a proposed kingdom Primalia of simple organisms regarded as distinct from animals and plants, as protozoans, algae, etc. Obsolete. rare.The names Protista and Protoctista became more widely adopted for this kingdom. ΚΠ 1890 Cent. Dict. Primal, of or pertaining to the kingdom Primalia. B. n. †1. A design or motif characteristic of primitive art. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > ornamental art and craft > pattern or design > [noun] > others popinjay1322 serpent1388 moss-work1600 flame1602 frostwork1631 damask branch1634 mascaron1664 lacework1675 swash1680 branch-work1702 escallop-shella1706 festoon work1712 ovum1728 bricking1760 rising sun1787 ram's horn1842 linen-pattern1845 linen-scroll1854 wheel-rood1862 primal1875 patch ornament1878 tree1879 wheel-cross1882 skeuomorph1889 linenfold1891 taotie1915 boteh1917 pelta1935 starburst1953 quilling1972 towel-pattern- 1875 Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc. 15 302 Neither can we form any idea from contemplating the ultimate expressions of forms belonging to old and cultured races what their crude primals may have been. 2. An instance of undergoing primal therapy; a session or course of primal therapy (frequently in plural). ΚΠ 1970 J. Lennon in J. Wenner Lennon Remembers (1971) 52 I remember being in Wales. And then... I can't remember. I will probably have to have a bloody primal for this. 1975 Times 28 Feb. 26/4 (advt.) Interested in hearing from anyone who has done Primals with Janov. 1994 Edges (Toronto) Spring 38/1 Of all the cathexes and catharses, the abreactions, auditings, and primals, the entire armament of kosher and hokey therapies, not one will uproot the perennial Nebbish. 3. Originally and chiefly U.S. A primal cut of meat. Frequently in plural. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > animals for food > part or joint of animal > [noun] spauld?a1513 joint1576 lift1688 primal1972 1972 Portsmouth (New Hampsh.) Herald 3 Jan. 18/2 (advt.) Each meat label..will include the retail name as well as the Primal from which it was cut. 1993 Irish Times (Nexis) 5 Feb. 6 Tests..showed that there was no finding of general over-fat on the Rathkeale primals. 2001 E. Schlosser Fast Food Nation vii. 154 A large plant..that not only slaughtered cattle but also ‘fabricated’ them into smaller cuts of meat—into primals (chucks, loins, ribs, rounds) and subprimals (such as chuck rolls). Compounds primal born adj. rare firstborn. ΚΠ 1874 T. N. Harper Peace through Truth 2nd Ser. i. 60 The physical light of heaven, primal-born of all the things of creation. 1991 Hinduism Today (Nexis) 30 June 13 The Brhadaranyaka Upanishad..calls Brahma ‘the Primal-born, greatest of all Yakshas’. primal father n. [after German Urvater (1913 in the passage translated in quot. 1918)] Psychology (esp. in Freudian theory) the dominant male, possessing all the females, regarded as having been characteristic of the earliest human societies. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > psychology > social psychology > psychology of races or peoples > [noun] > dominant male primal father1918 1918 A. A. Brill tr. S. Freud Totem & Taboo iv. 245 An ideal could arise having as a content the fullness of power and the freedom from restriction of the conquered primal father, as well as the willingness to subject themselves to him. 1934 R. Money-Kyrle tr. G. Róheim Riddle of Sphinx iv. 179 All human institutions are regarded as foundations of the primal father. 2002 D. M. Friedman Mind of its Own iv. 147 For Freud, the sexually motivated murder of the primal father, an act echoed in the Oedipus complex, is the dawning of civilization. primal horde n. [after German Urhorde (1913 in the passage translated in quot. 1918)] Psychology (esp. in Freudian theory) a conjectured form of the earliest human social group. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > psychology > social psychology > psychology of races or peoples > [noun] > original group primal horde1918 1918 A. A. Brill tr. S. Freud Totem & Taboo iv. 246 The family was a reconstruction of the former primal horde and also restored a great part of their former rights to the fathers. 1969 P. A. Robinson Freudian Left 98 Verbal communication is the only vehicle of traditional continuity we know of; but, ex hypothesi, the primal-horde epoch must have been over before the development of speech. 1980 MLN 95 1370 Freud's increasing isolation from his followers during this period was largely the result of his having assumed the persecutory, sacrificial role of the ruthless father-overlord of the primal horde. primal law n. Cultural Anthropology and Psychology a law or primary social principle which is held (by some theorists) to originate at or before the time of the earliest human society; esp. the regulation of marriage and prohibition of incest by the authority of a dominant male. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > psychology > social psychology > psychology of races or peoples > [noun] > original social law primal lawa1899 a1899 J. J. Atkinson Primal Law (1903) i. 210 The following thesis, however, on the genesis of primal law in human marriage, treats of a conjectural series of events in the ascent of man. 1904 Amer. Jrnl. Sociol. 9 840 Primal Law is the male fiat which ordained the terms of this accommodation of interests, expressed in prohibitions from which are derived the rule of exogamy. 2003 Queen's Q. (Nexis) Sept. 354 You will find it was licentiousness, or the desecration of the primal law of marriage, which was the canker-worm at the root of the sacred tree of liberty. primal scene n. [after German Urszene (1924 in the passage translated in quot. 1925)] Psychology (in Freudian theory) a child's first experience of witnessing his or her parents having sexual intercourse. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > psychology > theory of psychoanalysis > theories of Freud > child's desire for parent > [noun] > early stage primal scene1925 1925 A. Strachey & J. Strachey tr. S. Freud Infantile Neurosis in Coll. Papers III. v. 510 We will proceed with the study of the relations between this ‘primal scene’ and the patient's dream. 1957 M. McCarthy Memories Catholic Girlhood viii. 204 I conceived an aversion to apricots..from having watched her with them, just as though I had witnessed what Freud calls the primal scene. 1992 Matrix Summer 7/2 In a re-play of the primal scene that also re-calls Brian De Palma's most tongue-in-cheek excursion into voyeurism..Norm sees the object of his curiosity. primal therapist n. a practitioner of primal therapy. ΚΠ 1970 A. Janov Primal Scream viii. 105 It should not be surprising that a patient will allow a Primal Therapist to cut into his Pain soon after their meeting. 2003 Spokesman-Rev. (Spokane, Washington) (Nexis) 18 Sept. d5 Ms. Riley also worked as a consultant to other healers and professionals, including gestalt and primal therapists, medical doctors, psychiatrists, naturopaths and spiritual teachers. primal therapy n. Psychology a form of therapy that involves the recovery and exploration of repressed primal experiences (cf. sense A. 2b), esp. one in which the patient is encouraged to release repressed feelings by actions such as screaming. ΚΠ 1970 A. Janov Primal Scream 11 Primal therapy is..revolutionary because it involves overthrowing the neurotic system by a forceful upheaval. 2000 D. A. Eisner Death of Psychotherapy i. 3 A variety of cathartic therapies espouse the notion that uncovering an earlier trauma and ventilating feelings will lead to emotional well-being. Thus, Primal Therapy and Bioenergetic Analysis employ emotional catharsis as the vehicle to dealing with mental disorders. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2007; most recently modified version published online June 2022). primalv. Brit. /ˈprʌɪml/, U.S. /ˈpraɪm(ə)l/ Inflections: Present participle primalling, (chiefly U.S.) primaling; past tense and past participle primalled, (chiefly U.S.) primaled; Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: primal adj. Etymology: < primal adj. Compare slightly earlier primal scream n. Psychology. colloquial. intransitive. To participate in primal therapy; to release emotion, tension, etc., by means of a primal scream. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > psychiatry > undergo psychiatric treatment [verb (intransitive)] > participate in specific therapy to be cut for the simples1637 primal1971 the world > health and disease > healing > psychiatry > treat psychiatrically [verb (transitive)] > treat by specific process Coué1924 regress1949 primal1971 rebirth1976 1971 J. Lennon in Rolling Stone 10 Jan. 34/4 It's a process that is going on. We primal almost daily. 1978 Listener 19 Oct. 501/1 Much of the emotion that gushes out from people ‘primalling’ or in psychodrama, concerns real or imagined parental neglect and even desertion. 1994 C. L. Mithers Therapy Gone Mad v. 67 She couldn't stand Laydown, the sessions..where patients primaled as a group. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.n.1543v.1971
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primaladj.n.

Compounds

primalv.