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单词 prepositional
释义

prepositionaladj.n.

Brit. /ˌprɛpəˈzɪʃn̩(ə)l/, /ˌprɛpəˈzɪʃən(ə)l/, U.S. /ˌprɛpəˈzɪʃ(ə)nəl/
Origin: Formed within English, by derivation; partly modelled on a Russian lexical item. Etymons: preposition n., -al suffix1.
Etymology: < preposition n. + -al suffix1. Compare French prépositionnel (1819). In specific use denoting a case in Russian, after Russian predložnyj (in predložnyj padež prepositional case).
Grammar.
A. adj.
Of, relating to, or expressed by a preposition; formed with, used with, or functioning as a preposition.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > a part of speech > other parts of speech > [adjective] > relating to prepositions
prepositive1583
preposital1652
prepositional1754
1754 J. Bate Integrity Hebrew Text 212 As the Context will admit, if it does not require, which it seems to do, its prepositional Sense.
a1831 J. Bentham Fragments Universal Gram. in Wks. (1843) VIII. 346/1 In the singular number, besides the prepositional genitive, there is the inflexional formed as above by 's.
1846 Proc. Philol. Soc. 2 212 The pronominal and prepositional roots constitute a class apart.
1899 W. R. Morfill Gramm. Bohemian or Čech Lang. 6 There are seven cases—the nominative, genitive, dative, accusative, vocative, instrumental, and locative. The last is sometimes called prepositional, because it is only used with certain prepositions.
1940 C. C. Fries Amer. Eng. Gram. 130 The prepositional infinitive was made up of the preposition or function word to and the dative case of a verbal noun.
1961 R. B. Long Sentence & its Parts iii. 71 The prepositional adverbs but and like sometimes enter into subordinate clauses (then best regarded as interrogative in type) instead of preceding them and functioning as prepositions with declarative-clause objects.
1978 B. Comrie & G. Stone Russ. Lang. since Revol. 89 The prepositional singular for the majority of masculine nouns is -е.
2002 Slavic & E. European Jrnl. 46 344 Many verbal complements and adverbials which in other languages are accusative or prepositional, are genitive in Polish.
B. n.
= prepositional case n. at Compounds 2.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > case > [noun] > other specific cases
ablativec1400
instrumental1801
prepositional1824
allative1854
adessive1855
sociative1859
comitative1860
terminative1865
abessive1869
common case1869
translative1869
instructive1879
essive1890
transitional case1890
superessive1895
prepositional case1897
similative1903
lative1939
perlative1953
elative1959
1824 J. Heard Gram. Russ. Lang. §9 There are six cases in the Russian Language: the Nominative, the Accusative, the Genitive, the Dative, the Instrumental, the Prepositional.
1965 D. Ward Russ. Lang. Today 183 Some substantives have a special form of the prepositional after в and на, i.e. a locative, distinguished from the normal prepositional by having the stress on the ending.

Compounds

C1.
prepositional object n.
ΚΠ
1907 Jrnl. Amer. Oriemtal Soc. 28 150 The prepositional object of a verb may be either a direct object or an ethical dative.
2000 Language 76 58 The possessor..may be realized..as the prepositional object of the to-phrase subcategorized by belong.
prepositional verb n.
ΚΠ
1908 Jrnl. Royal Anthropol. Soc. 38 366 Prepositional verbs are quite common in Ten'a.
1991 Internat. Rev. Appl. Ling. in Lang. Teaching 29 304 Multi-word verbs (phrasal and prepositional verbs) containing these lexemes, e.g., DO FOR or MAKE OUT, and other idiomatic expressions are not even included in these figures.
C2.
prepositional case n. (esp. in Slavonic languages) a case of nouns and pronouns (and words in agreement with them) used after certain prepositions.In Slavonic, to some extent distinct from the locative case (cf. quot. 1965 at sense B.), though the latter term is sometimes used instead.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > case > [noun] > other specific cases
ablativec1400
instrumental1801
prepositional1824
allative1854
adessive1855
sociative1859
comitative1860
terminative1865
abessive1869
common case1869
translative1869
instructive1879
essive1890
transitional case1890
superessive1895
prepositional case1897
similative1903
lative1939
perlative1953
elative1959
1897 Jrnl. Amer. Oriental Soc. 18 359 The Semitic genitive was primarily the prepositional case.
1962 A. H. Semeonoff Russ. Syntax 232 Word-groups with nouns in the prepositional case contain verbs which lexically require the prepositions о, по, в.
1994 Mod. Lang. Jrnl. 78 412 Prepositional case pronouns are not introduced until lesson six.
prepositional phrase n. a phrase headed by a preposition.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > syntax or word order > syntactic unit or constituent > [noun] > phrase > specific
prepositional phrase1878
noun phrase1884
case phrase1899
dangling phrase1909
VP1972
1878 Trans. Amer. Philol. Assoc. 9 18 The article in prepositional phrases..was more likely pronominal.
a1914 C. S. Peirce Coll. Papers (1932) II. ii. iii. 164 Other indexical words are prepositions, and prepositional phrases.
1965 N. Chomsky Aspects Theory Syntax ii. 101 It is well known that in Verb-Prepositional-Phrase constructions one can distinguish various degrees of ‘cohesion’ between the Verb and the accompanying Prepositional-Phrase.
1994 Appl. Linguistics 15 172 Prepositional phrases as noun modifiers are more common than either of these other constructions.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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adj.n.1754
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