| 释义 |
precinctn. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin praecinctus, praecincta. Etymology: < post-classical Latin praecinctus (also praecincta) outskirts, surrounding area (6th cent.; frequently 11th cent.–1686 in British sources), jurisdictional area (10th cent.), already in classical Latin denoting the action of girding < classical Latin praecinct- , past participial stem of praecingere to gird, encircle, to surround ( < prae- pre- prefix + cingere to gird: see cinct adj.) + -tus , suffix forming verbal nouns; in the α. forms (and perhaps also in β. forms forms in ei , ey ) perhaps after Anglo-Norman precynt, preyceynt, presyngte, variants (apparently after post-classical Latin praecinctus or praecincta ) of purceint purseynt n., or perhaps after English purseynt n. Compare Italian precinto (a1321). Compare earlier procinct n.1, purseynt n.Post-classical Latin praecincta (feminine) probably represents use as noun of feminine of praecinctus, past participle of praecingere. 1. society > faith > artefacts > land > [noun] > churchyard the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > enclosing or enclosure > [noun] > an enclosed space or place c1425 (c1400) 12980 (MED) When he was comen to that prasaynt, Ther Troyl [read Troye] & Grece to-gedur ware, Many a man to grounde he bare. a1500 in (1896) 3 241 (MED) A grete waste ground..is conteyned within the preseyncte and boundes of the toune of Heryngeswell..as be metes and doolys of olde tyme put and made pleynly. 1547 A. Borde ii. f. v Within the precynct of S. Peters church..standeth a pyller of white marble. 1585 T. Washington tr. N. de Nicolay ii. xx. 57 b Without the presinct of the Mosquee, there are..tenementes for the poore of the citie. 1677 in L. B. Taylor (1961) VI. 112 The toune of Aberdeine..had a precinct and localitie designed to them for payment of their 1200 punds yeirlie. 1774 T. Pennant 251 The precinct of these tombs was held sacred. 1849 T. B. Macaulay II. ix. 437 In process of time not only the dwelling, but a large precinct round it, was held inviolable. 1882 F. W. H. Myers 174 The thronged precinct of Park and Serpentine. 1915 W. S. Maugham xvi. 60 The precincts, with the exception of a house in which some of the masters lodged, were occupied by the cathedral clergy. 1961 K. J. Franklin 59 He was offered an official residence in the precincts of Bart's. 1987 C. Thubron ii. 58 When I peered through blocked gates into the ruined inner precinct, I saw that the altar had gone. the world > space > distance > nearness > [noun] > that which or one who is near > a near place > neighbourhood (of a place) 1479–80 in M. Sellers (1912) I. 135 It is ordeigned..that no man..hauke none abowte the said cite suburbes ne precinctes of the same. 1612 F. Bacon (new ed.) 218 Not onely the bench, but the..precincts and purprise thereof ought to bee preserued without scandall. 1848 E. Bulwer-Lytton I. i. i. 6 Once out of sight of those fearful precincts, the psalm was forgotten. 1855 D. Brewster (new ed.) II. xvi. 110 From the precincts of the High Court of Commission, Newton returned to Trinity College to complete the Principia. 1921 L. Strachey 415 For more than half a century no divorced lady had approached the precincts of the Court. 1977 P. L. Fermor (1979) ii. 51 The nightwatchman's voice in the precincts announcing a quiet night. 1992 13 Nov. 95 Within the precincts of the hostels the South African Police rarely dismount from their high-riding, mine-proof armoured patrol vehicles. 1565 T. Stapleton f. 6v Brought to the faith in the precinct of this tyme. 1607 T. Walkington sig. B8v The most exact selfe-knower of all, if he doe not containe himselfe within the territories and praecincts of reasonable appetite, [etc.]. 1751 T. Gray xxii. 9 For who..This pleasing anxious being e'er resign'd, Left the warm precincts of the chearful day, Nor cast one longing ling'ring look behind! 1817 J. Austen Feb. (1995) 330 Spread no such malicious slander upon your Understanding, within the Precincts of your Imagination. 1879 H. James iii. 59 If his imagination should take licence to amuse itself, it should at least select this grim precinct of the Puritan morality for its play-ground. 1901 17 Aug. 214/1 An..invasion of the solemn precincts of professorialism by a petulant Junker. 1995 22 Jan. a14/1 The genes sit shoulder to shoulder in the same precinct of the same chromosome. 2. society > authority > rule or government > territorial jurisdiction or areas subject to > an administrative division of territory > [noun] society > authority > rule or government > territorial jurisdiction or areas subject to > an administrative division of territory > [noun] > in U.S.A. 1447 in W. G. Benham (1907) 185 (MED) Kyng Herry the Sixte..hath graunted unto us, burgeys of Colchestre..that tho iiij men and Bailiffs..be justices of the pees in the said toun, liberte, suburb, precincte, of the same. ?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden (Harl. 2261) (1869) II. 97 (MED) Wapentake and hundrede be the same as the precincte [a1387 St. John's Cambr. contray; L. procinctus] of an c townes, whiche were wonte to yelde there weppens in the firste commenge of theire lorde. a1513 R. Fabyan (1516) I. clxxii. f. xxxxixv All suche Angles as dwelled there. And within ye precynct of them [sc. the Danes] were [vnder] his obedyence. a1525 327 The seyd Manoyr of Cheylesmore & parke þerof was within the preseynt of the liberte of the seyd Cite. 1577 R. Holinshed Hist. Eng. 83/1 in I Lord Lieutenant of some precinct and iurisdiction perteyning to the Romayne empire. 1647 N. Bacon 36 The smallest precinct was that of the Parish, the oversight whereof was the Presbyters work. a1687 W. Petty (1691) 16 If 100 Ministers can serve all Ireland, they must have Precincts of neer 13/ 14 Miles square. 1687 A. Lovell tr. J. de Thévenot i. 129 All agree, that there are three and twenty thousand Precincts in Caire... A Precinct is a Quarter, and in some of them there are several Streets. 1713 S. Sewall 29 Oct. (1973) II. 731 Ipswich Hamlet [U.S.] petitions the Genl Court to give them the Powers of a Precinct. 1735 (1884) 5/1 The Request of several freholders of the third or East Precinct of Hadley for the Calling of a precinct Meeting. 1766 J. Entick Surv. London in IV. 17 This ward is divided into ten precincts. 1782 J. H. St. J. de Crèvecoeur i. 5 When I was a girl, father sent us to the very best master in the precinct. 1864 4 Apr. 8/3 The body was removed to the Fourth precinct station house. 1884 15 Sept. The precinct election officers need not necessarily vote in the precinct in which they are appointed. 1925 W. J. Bryan 85 The precinct in which our country home near Lincoln was located. 1971 N. Freeling iii. 163 Watching..the cops from the ninety-ninth precinct, on the telly. 2004 3 Nov. a28 In some precincts, poll workers failed to offer provisional ballots to voters whose names were not in poll books. 1535 J. Husee Let. 19 Nov. in (P.R.O.: SP 3/5/60) f. 223 If my ladys ware has none of the befor mentyoned Impedymits than is it not in the precynct of the comyssion. 1586 W. Webbe sig. H.i The myddle sillables which are not very many, come for the most part vnder the precinct of Position, whereof some of them will not possibly abide the touch. society > law > law enforcement > police force or the police > [noun] > police office or station > foreign 1894 P. L. Ford 142 I had to go with them..to the precinct and speak to the superintendent. 1953 W. S. Burroughs x. 98 They drove back to the precinct and I was locked in. This time I was locked in a different cell. 1979 C. L. Vincent iii. 32 Most of the police divisions operate out of the first precinct, or the downtown headquarters building. 2005 (Nexis) 8 Sept. cr12 The next Citizens Police Academy will begin Wednesday at the Northeast Precinct,..off Whitten Road. 3. the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > edge, border, or margin > boundary > [noun] > enclosing boundary 1542 N. Udall tr. Erasmus f. 217v The bruite of..his high praise and commendacion was not to be hidden or pended within the limites and precintes of grece [L. intra Graeciae fines]. 1580–1 c. 5 Wood or Underwood nowe growinge..within the Compasse and precincte of xxij myles from and above the Cyttye of London. 1654 tr. M. Martini 86 The enemy had passed the first Wall, and Precinct. a1701 H. Maundrell (1703) 45 Near about Sidon begin the precincts of the Holy-Land. 1843 W. H. Prescott I. ii. ii. 222 Nor to be cooped up within the precincts of a petty island. 1908 E. M. Forster xv. 240 He would stroll round the precincts of the [tennis] court and call out: ‘I say, listen to this, Lucy. Three split infinitives.’ 1988 H. Mantel (1989) 32 Small white-collared waves trip primly up to the precincts of the desalination plant, like a party of vicars on an industrial tour. 1563 J. Foxe iv. 773/2 I haue euer bene agreable to this precinct, I haue oftentimes reasoned in it, I haue spoken & also written in it. 1563 J. Foxe 774/1 It is a marueilous thyng that reason should bee vsed to impugne fayth. It is a precinct of carnall men, and suche as vse grosse reason. ?1614 W. Drummond Song: It was the time in The Precinct's strengthened with a Ditch of Feares, In which doth swell a Lake of InkieTeares. 1657 J. Owen Of Commun. with God i. iii, in (1851) II. 19 I intend not..to shut up all Communion with God under these precincts, His ways being exceeding broad. 1842 H. E. Manning i. 3 He might have girdled about the world with the precinct of His own holiness, so that sin should have never entered. 1990 40 i. 27 The ordeal of working from the precincts of an adopted culture, of struggling within the limitations of an adopted language induces a transcendental phenomenon. society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > district in relation to human occupation > town as opposed to country > town or city > part of town or city > [noun] 1942 H. A. Tripp vii. 75 A great number of pockets will have been created, each of which will consist of a little local system of minor roads, devoted to industrial, business, shopping or residential purposes... Each pocket represents in its way a separate little community... The best term..seems to be ‘precinct’. 1958 23 Oct. 643/1 The exclusion of wheeled traffic from the main shopping precinct. 1977 24 Jan. 5/1 The police officers chased the gunmen through a pedestrian precinct into Water Street. 1987 E. Newby (1988) viii. 133 Wanda bought a pair of Taiwanese gloves from a shop in the precinct. 1996 7 May (Brisbane ed.) 23/4 Melbourne's Docklands could become the nation's next high-technology precinct. Compounds C1. General attributive (in sense 2). 1876 27 Mar. The Republican Township Convention is called for Saturday evening, and the precinct caucuses, for the selection of delegates, for Friday evening. 1976 24 May 118/2 In South Carolina precinct caucuses last night, the highest percentage of the votes—forty-seven per cent—was for ‘Uncommitted’. 2004 (Nexis) 25 Sept. 1 a Kiffmeyer, a registered nurse, became politically active when she attended a precinct caucus more than 20 years ago. 1939 1 262 One operates on a national level, one on a state level, and one on a county, city, ward, or precinct level, but they have only one principle. 2004 (Nexis) 10 Dec. 2 b Metro police yesterday displayed a cache of drugs, weapons and money that precinct-level detectives seized this week from a south Nashville home. C2. society > authority > rule or government > politics > party politics > [noun] > party machine > leader of 1866 8 Apr. 4/5 The President of the Board of Police will take pattern of one of his Precinct Captains, and order his officers to arrest any thief wherever he may be found. 1900 8 Sept. 1/3 Many of the precinct captains were present for the purpose of forming plans to organize good working clubs in the several precincts. 1954 B. North & R. North tr. M. Duverger i. i. 19 In the United States the caucuses formed at the county or city level co-ordinate the action of the precinct-captains. 1984 28 Mar. 4a/1 Most of those Democrats..were actually endorsing not Mondale but Wayne Derengowski, their precinct captain. 2004 T. Robbins in Sept. 59/1 So great has been the objection to being assigned to that sinister beat that the precinct captain has devised a raffle to cope with it. society > law > administration of justice > judicial body, assembly, or court > [noun] > courts in U.S. 1669 J. Locke First Set Constit. Govt. Carolina 21 July in (1897) V. 108 Ye Palatines Court..shall trye and judge all ap'eals from any of the Precinct Courts. 1791 J. Iredell 14 To be sued or prosecuted by any Person in the General or Precinct Courts of this Government. 1896 2 73 They were the governor, councillors,..the members of the precinct court, and ten other citizens mentioned by name. 1943 L. E. Price in Boatright & Day 210 [Hooper] drove out to the precinct court in his rubber-tired carriage. 1994 (Nexis) 14 June a7 Five precinct courts will be cut back to three days per week. society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > deliberative, legislative, or administrative assembly > local government body > [noun] > local government offices > district headquarters in U.S.A. society > law > law enforcement > police force or the police > [noun] > police office or station > foreign 1863 F. Moore V. i. 77/2 The Mayor of Philadelphia..called upon all able-bodied men to assemble next morning at the precinct-houses of the election districts. 1899 T. W. Hall 171 He did very well to copy off the entries in a precinct house register or to discover the important arrivals at the hotels. 1968 13 Jan. 25/5 Imagine committing a robbery half a block from a precinct house! 1994 D. Spencer iv. 51 But rarely so monolithically determined as he was this morning at the precinct house. society > authority > office > appointment to office > choosing or fact of being chosen for office > election of representative body by vote > right to vote at elections > [noun] > one who has right to vote > list of 1894 7 Nov. 4/2 In order to obscure the view from the outside a wardrobe had been put in front and only left a space large enough through which the precinct sheet could be handed to the reporters on the other side. 1924 10 Nov. 6/5 Assembly choice is said to hinge on misplaced tally on precinct sheet. 1974 23 Apr. 2/3 How do you catch the fraudulent? Would there ever be an updated precinct sheet to work from? 2004 (Nexis) 12 Sept. b1 The advent of e-mail and the Internet has made it easier to distribute training instructions, precinct sheets and other key information. society > law > law enforcement > police force or the police > [noun] > police office or station > foreign 1857 10 Aug. 4/2 Over thirty such places were marked on the books at the Fifth Precinct Station.] 1902 T. B. Aldrich 198 The keys were at the precinct station. 1936 J. Steinbeck ii. 12 I think I'll stop in at the precinct station. She might of got run over. 2005 (Nexis) 3 Oct. b1 Do you support decentralizing the police department by establishing precinct stations? society > law > law enforcement > police force or the police > [noun] > police office or station > foreign 1857 7 Aug. 1/2 The Doctor is still detained at the Fifteenth Precinct Station-House.] 1979 (Nexis) 1 Dec. c1 She was taken to a police precinct station house and booked, and was released later that day. 2005 (Nexis) 25 Sept. 21 Posters warning cops to wear their belts have also been distributed in various precinct station houses. society > authority > rule or government > politics > party politics > [noun] > party machine > party worker or hack 1881 12 May Indiana had to be bought, and the army of negro colonists, and black and white ballot-box stuffers, precinct workers, detectives clerks stump speakers and special agents supported for nearly two months. 1952 2 June 19/1 His deepest political instinct is party loyalty. From his start as a precinct worker and doorbell pusher in the wards of Cincinnati,..he has been unmistakably Republican. 1992 29 Oct. a24/5 Our precinct workers said people heard about Carter and just walked out of the polling places. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022). † precinctadj. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin praecinctus. Etymology: < classical Latin praecinctus girdled, encircled, surrounded, use as adjective of past participle of praecingere to gird, encircle (see precinct n.). N.E.D. (1907) gives the pronunciation as (prĭsi·ŋkt) /prɪˈsɪŋkt/. Obsolete. the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > surrounding > [adjective] > surrounded 1641 J. Jackson i. 38 The sixt Persecution..[was] limited to a short time (for it was precinct with a triennial girdle). 1646 Sir T. Browne 176 Aristotle, who..affirmeth this sound to be made, by the allision of an inward spirit upon a pellicle, or little membrane about the precinct or pectorall division of their body. View more context for this quotation 1866 J. B. Rose tr. Ovid iii. 280 The lake Arician precinct [L. praecinctus] is with groves. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2007; most recently modified version published online June 2020). <  n.c1425 adj.1641 |
