precedencen.

Brit.

/ˈprɛsᵻd(ə)ns/, U.S.

/ˈprɛsəd(ə)ns/

Forms:

α. late Middle English–1500s presidence.

β. 1500s precydence, 1500s presedence, 1500s– precedence, 1600s praecedence, 1600s precedens (Scottish).

Origin: Perhaps of multiple origins. Perhaps partly a variant or alteration of another lexical item. Partly formed within English, by derivation; probably partly modelled on a French lexical item. Etymons: precedent n.; precedent adj., -ence suffix.

Etymology: Perhaps originally (e.g. in quots. 1484 at sense 1a, 1541 at sense 1a) an error for the plural of precedent n., hence giving rise to use as a count noun in senses 1 and perhaps also 1c; in other senses < precedent adj. (see -ence suffix), probably partly after Middle French, French précédence priority, pre-eminence (1532; now obsolete in this sense). Compare post-classical Latin praecedentia progression (in astronomy; 6th cent.), precedent (1536), Spanish precedencia (in astronomy) going before (1428 as preçedençia; also 15th cent. in senses ‘financial advance’ and ‘pre-eminence’), Italian precedenza pre-eminence (1546–7 as precedensia).

†1.

a. = precedent n. 1a, 1b. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > record > written record > [noun] > record used as guide or rule

precedent1450

precedence1484

the world > action or operation > behaviour > a standard of conduct > [noun] > a pattern or model of conduct > a precedent

precedent1427

precedence1484

example1509

preparative1515

samplea1535

pattern1594

1484 in J. Gairdner Lett. Reigns of Richard III & Henry VII (1861) I. 85 The bookes of accomptes..[are to] be alway in the handes of the said auditours for their presidence.

1541 in J. A. Picton City of Liverpool: Select. Munic. Rec. (1883) I. 30 These presidence was corrected and drawen out of diverse old presidence.

1546 T. Langley tr. P. Vergil Abridgem. Notable Worke i. xvi. 29 b Out of all such precedences he gathered Precetes of Phisike.

1558 in J. A. Picton City of Liverpool: Select. Munic. Rec. (1883) I. 30 An old book of Precedences..extracted out of the elder Precedences of the town.

b. The fact of having or serving as a precedent; = precedency n. 3. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > behaviour > a standard of conduct > [noun] > a pattern or model of conduct > a precedent > furnishing of

precedencea1513

precedency1612

a1513 R. Fabyan New Cronycles Eng. & Fraunce (1516) II. f. lxxxi^v By precydence wherof all the great Cyties & good Townes of Fraunce were charged in lyke maner.

c. Something said or done before; an antecedent. Cf. precedent n. 2. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > relative time > the past > antecedence or being earlier > [noun] > antecedent or precursor

forerunnerOE

forridelc1000

messengerc1300

precursora1500

waymaker1574

postiliona1586

ushera1586

precedence1598

vaunt-courier1598

precedent1599

prodromus1602

ante-disposition1611

precedency1611

prodrome1611

antecedent1612

antedating1633

leading card1635

prodromy1647

antecessor1657

precursorya1660

prodromist1716

morning star1721

skirmisher1820

antecursor1850

1598 W. Shakespeare Love's Labour's Lost iii. i. 80 An epilogue or discourse to make plaine, Some obscure presedence that hath tofore bin saine.

a1610 J. Healey tr. Epictetus Manuall (1636) 47 Adventure upon nothing without due consideration of the precedences and consequences thereof.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Antony & Cleopatra (1623) ii. v. 51 Mes. But yet Madam. Cleo. I do not like but yet, it does alay The good precedence .

2. Frequently to take precedence.

a. The fact of being above or ahead of another or others in order, rank, or importance; superiority; the foremost place, pre-eminence. Also figurative.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > goodness and badness > quality of being good > quality of being better or superior > [noun]

advantagea1393

prioritya1425

prerogativec1425

prestance1470

betterness1492

superioritya1500

majority1552

start1569

melioritya1586

precedence1587

superiorship1587

precedency1593

priory1600

preferency1602

preference1603

precession1613

betterhood1615

prestancy1615

eminence1702

superiorness1730

1587 A. Fleming et al. Holinshed's Chron. (new ed.) III. Contin. 1404/2 Truth is euer constreined to yeeld the precedence and preheminence to hir yokefellow falshood.

1610 Misc. Sc. Hist. Soc. II. 169 If he culd..be rid of the precedens of my father wha he judgit..likelie to preceid him & to carye the cheiff sway of the estait.

1694 J. Crowne Regulus i. 8 Let me have the Precedence in your Heart.

1704 J. Addison in tr. Ovid Metamorph. in Poet. Misc.: 5th Pt. 587 In which Part Ovid's Copiousness of invention, and great Insight into Nature, has given him the Precedence to all the Poets that ever came before or after him.

1785 W. Cowper Tirocinium in Task 9 That form..Framed for the service of a free-born will, Asserts precedence, and bespeaks control.

1845 R. Ford Hand-bk. Travellers in Spain I. i. 52 The Andalucian horse takes precedence of all.

1884 Manch. Examiner 17 June 5/1 The payment of interest..will take precedence of other Egyptian obligations.

1942 G. M. Trevelyan Eng. Social Hist. xii. 385 By an unwritten law of the road, the wagon..had precedence, and all other traffic must draw aside to let it pass.

1988 A. Storr School of Genius vi. 82 For the deeply religious..attachment to God takes precedence over attachment to persons.

b. spec. The right of preceding others in ceremonies and social formalities; the fact of occupying the highest or a higher position in an assembly or procession; (hence) the order to be ceremonially observed by people of different rank, according to an acknowledged or legally determined system.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > progressive motion > order of movement > going first or in front > [noun] > right of

precedence1598

precedency1601

the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > reputation > honour > [noun] > precedence

right sidea1325

fordeal1513

precedence1598

precedency1601

to take the right hand of1607

pas1707

1598 J. Florio Worlde of Wordes I am no auctorised Herauld to marshall your precedence.

?a1600 (title) The Copie of a Booke of Precedence of all estates and playcinge to ther degrees.

1670 C. Cotton tr. G. Girard Hist. Life Duke of Espernon iii. 119 Claiming a precedence as Duke, and Peer.

1712 J. Addison Spectator No. 529. ¶1 Disputes concerning Rank and Precedence.

a1715 Bp. G. Burnet Hist. Own Time (1724) I. 206 He moved, that a letter might be writ, giving him the precedence of the Lord Chancellour.

1863 C. Boutell Man. Heraldry xxviii. 345 The Order of Precedence..was first established upon a definite system by a Statute of Henry VIII.

1899 Daily News 21 Dec. 6/1 The great precedence question, which for a while raged so fiercely in the bosoms of our Knights Bachelors, is..now satisfactorily settled.

1934 R. Graves I, Claudius xx. 292 Piso's wife, Plancina, was jealous of Agrippina because, as Germanicus's wife, she took precedence over her at all official functions.

1987 S. Weintraub Victoria (1988) v. 116 She complained..about proper precedence being ignored in her seating.

3. The fact of coming before another or others in time or succession; priority in time; previous existence or occurrence.

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > relative time > the past > antecedence or being earlier > [noun]

priority?a1475

prevention1544

earliness1575

foregoinga1586

foreness1587

formerness1587

antecedency1598

anteriority1599

precedence1605

pregression1623

antecedencea1626

antecession1629

precedency1634

beforeness1635

earlierness1674

previousness1677

precursorship1856

anteriornessa1866

precession1898

the world > relative properties > order > order, sequence, or succession > preceding or following in order > [noun] > preceding in order

precedence1605

predecession1644

1605 W. Camden Remaines i. 181 I doe beseech the true King, that he would not respect the precedence in time, but devotion of my minde.

1683 W. Temple Mem. in Wks. (1731) I. 478 When it was ready to sign, the French Ambassadors offer'd to yield the Precedence in signing it to us as Mediators.

1710 W. Oldisworth Dial. Timothy & Philatheus II. 338 On this Topick of Antiquity, there's a Jolly Cardinal that..very frankly gives Precedence of Nine Years to the Church of England.

1828 J. Ballantyne Exam. Human Mind iv. 90 According to the law of Precedence, one idea acquires the power of suggesting others by immediately preceding them.

1841 I. D'Israeli Amenities Lit. I. 252 In the chronology of our poetical collectors, Gower takes precedence of Chaucer unjustly.

1910 Encycl. Brit. I. 264/1 Although Tytler had the precedence by a few days still his attempts and partial success were all but unknown.

1952 Amer. Midland Naturalist 48 363 P. limbalis..is catalogued..as a variety of the present species, despite the fact that limbalis has precedence by nearly twenty years.

2004 Women & Men (Nexis) Mar. 13 A Tukanoan child is exposed to at least two languages from birth... No one language has chronological precedence over the other.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	precedence
释义	precedencen. Brit. /ˈprɛsᵻd(ə)ns/, U.S. /ˈprɛsəd(ə)ns/ Forms: α. late Middle English–1500s presidence. β. 1500s precydence, 1500s presedence, 1500s– precedence, 1600s praecedence, 1600s precedens (Scottish). Origin: Perhaps of multiple origins. Perhaps partly a variant or alteration of another lexical item. Partly formed within English, by derivation; probably partly modelled on a French lexical item. Etymons: precedent n.; precedent adj., -ence suffix. Etymology: Perhaps originally (e.g. in quots. 1484 at sense 1a, 1541 at sense 1a) an error for the plural of precedent n., hence giving rise to use as a count noun in senses 1 and perhaps also 1c; in other senses < precedent adj. (see -ence suffix), probably partly after Middle French, French précédence priority, pre-eminence (1532; now obsolete in this sense). Compare post-classical Latin praecedentia progression (in astronomy; 6th cent.), precedent (1536), Spanish precedencia (in astronomy) going before (1428 as preçedençia; also 15th cent. in senses ‘financial advance’ and ‘pre-eminence’), Italian precedenza pre-eminence (1546–7 as precedensia). †1. a. = precedent n. 1a, 1b. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > communication > record > written record > [noun] > record used as guide or rule precedent1450 precedence1484 the world > action or operation > behaviour > a standard of conduct > [noun] > a pattern or model of conduct > a precedent precedent1427 precedence1484 example1509 preparative1515 samplea1535 pattern1594 1484 in J. Gairdner Lett. Reigns of Richard III & Henry VII (1861) I. 85 The bookes of accomptes..[are to] be alway in the handes of the said auditours for their presidence. 1541 in J. A. Picton City of Liverpool: Select. Munic. Rec. (1883) I. 30 These presidence was corrected and drawen out of diverse old presidence. 1546 T. Langley tr. P. Vergil Abridgem. Notable Worke i. xvi. 29 b Out of all such precedences he gathered Precetes of Phisike. 1558 in J. A. Picton City of Liverpool: Select. Munic. Rec. (1883) I. 30 An old book of Precedences..extracted out of the elder Precedences of the town. b. The fact of having or serving as a precedent; = precedency n. 3. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > behaviour > a standard of conduct > [noun] > a pattern or model of conduct > a precedent > furnishing of precedencea1513 precedency1612 a1513 R. Fabyan New Cronycles Eng. & Fraunce (1516) II. f. lxxxi^v By precydence wherof all the great Cyties & good Townes of Fraunce were charged in lyke maner. c. Something said or done before; an antecedent. Cf. precedent n. 2. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > time > relative time > the past > antecedence or being earlier > [noun] > antecedent or precursor forerunnerOE forridelc1000 messengerc1300 precursora1500 waymaker1574 postiliona1586 ushera1586 precedence1598 vaunt-courier1598 precedent1599 prodromus1602 ante-disposition1611 precedency1611 prodrome1611 antecedent1612 antedating1633 leading card1635 prodromy1647 antecessor1657 precursorya1660 prodromist1716 morning star1721 skirmisher1820 antecursor1850 1598 W. Shakespeare Love's Labour's Lost iii. i. 80 An epilogue or discourse to make plaine, Some obscure presedence that hath tofore bin saine. View more context for this quotation a1610 J. Healey tr. Epictetus Manuall (1636) 47 Adventure upon nothing without due consideration of the precedences and consequences thereof. a1616 W. Shakespeare Antony & Cleopatra (1623) ii. v. 51 Mes. But yet Madam. Cleo. I do not like but yet, it does alay The good precedence . View more context for this quotation 2. Frequently to take precedence. a. The fact of being above or ahead of another or others in order, rank, or importance; superiority; the foremost place, pre-eminence. Also figurative. ΘΚΠ the mind > goodness and badness > quality of being good > quality of being better or superior > [noun] advantagea1393 prioritya1425 prerogativec1425 prestance1470 betterness1492 superioritya1500 majority1552 start1569 melioritya1586 precedence1587 superiorship1587 precedency1593 priory1600 preferency1602 preference1603 precession1613 betterhood1615 prestancy1615 eminence1702 superiorness1730 1587 A. Fleming et al. Holinshed's Chron. (new ed.) III. Contin. 1404/2 Truth is euer constreined to yeeld the precedence and preheminence to hir yokefellow falshood. 1610 Misc. Sc. Hist. Soc. II. 169 If he culd..be rid of the precedens of my father wha he judgit..likelie to preceid him & to carye the cheiff sway of the estait. 1694 J. Crowne Regulus i. 8 Let me have the Precedence in your Heart. 1704 J. Addison in tr. Ovid Metamorph. in Poet. Misc.: 5th Pt. 587 In which Part Ovid's Copiousness of invention, and great Insight into Nature, has given him the Precedence to all the Poets that ever came before or after him. 1785 W. Cowper Tirocinium in Task 9 That form..Framed for the service of a free-born will, Asserts precedence, and bespeaks control. View more context for this quotation 1845 R. Ford Hand-bk. Travellers in Spain I. i. 52 The Andalucian horse takes precedence of all. 1884 Manch. Examiner 17 June 5/1 The payment of interest..will take precedence of other Egyptian obligations. 1942 G. M. Trevelyan Eng. Social Hist. xii. 385 By an unwritten law of the road, the wagon..had precedence, and all other traffic must draw aside to let it pass. 1988 A. Storr School of Genius vi. 82 For the deeply religious..attachment to God takes precedence over attachment to persons. b. spec. The right of preceding others in ceremonies and social formalities; the fact of occupying the highest or a higher position in an assembly or procession; (hence) the order to be ceremonially observed by people of different rank, according to an acknowledged or legally determined system. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > progressive motion > order of movement > going first or in front > [noun] > right of precedence1598 precedency1601 the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > reputation > honour > [noun] > precedence right sidea1325 fordeal1513 precedence1598 precedency1601 to take the right hand of1607 pas1707 1598 J. Florio Worlde of Wordes I am no auctorised Herauld to marshall your precedence. ?a1600 (title) The Copie of a Booke of Precedence of all estates and playcinge to ther degrees. 1670 C. Cotton tr. G. Girard Hist. Life Duke of Espernon iii. 119 Claiming a precedence as Duke, and Peer. 1712 J. Addison Spectator No. 529. ¶1 Disputes concerning Rank and Precedence. a1715 Bp. G. Burnet Hist. Own Time (1724) I. 206 He moved, that a letter might be writ, giving him the precedence of the Lord Chancellour. 1863 C. Boutell Man. Heraldry xxviii. 345 The Order of Precedence..was first established upon a definite system by a Statute of Henry VIII. 1899 Daily News 21 Dec. 6/1 The great precedence question, which for a while raged so fiercely in the bosoms of our Knights Bachelors, is..now satisfactorily settled. 1934 R. Graves I, Claudius xx. 292 Piso's wife, Plancina, was jealous of Agrippina because, as Germanicus's wife, she took precedence over her at all official functions. 1987 S. Weintraub Victoria (1988) v. 116 She complained..about proper precedence being ignored in her seating. 3. The fact of coming before another or others in time or succession; priority in time; previous existence or occurrence. ΘΚΠ the world > time > relative time > the past > antecedence or being earlier > [noun] priority?a1475 prevention1544 earliness1575 foregoinga1586 foreness1587 formerness1587 antecedency1598 anteriority1599 precedence1605 pregression1623 antecedencea1626 antecession1629 precedency1634 beforeness1635 earlierness1674 previousness1677 precursorship1856 anteriornessa1866 precession1898 the world > relative properties > order > order, sequence, or succession > preceding or following in order > [noun] > preceding in order precedence1605 predecession1644 1605 W. Camden Remaines i. 181 I doe beseech the true King, that he would not respect the precedence in time, but devotion of my minde. 1683 W. Temple Mem. in Wks. (1731) I. 478 When it was ready to sign, the French Ambassadors offer'd to yield the Precedence in signing it to us as Mediators. 1710 W. Oldisworth Dial. Timothy & Philatheus II. 338 On this Topick of Antiquity, there's a Jolly Cardinal that..very frankly gives Precedence of Nine Years to the Church of England. 1828 J. Ballantyne Exam. Human Mind iv. 90 According to the law of Precedence, one idea acquires the power of suggesting others by immediately preceding them. 1841 I. D'Israeli Amenities Lit. I. 252 In the chronology of our poetical collectors, Gower takes precedence of Chaucer unjustly. 1910 Encycl. Brit. I. 264/1 Although Tytler had the precedence by a few days still his attempts and partial success were all but unknown. 1952 Amer. Midland Naturalist 48 363 P. limbalis..is catalogued..as a variety of the present species, despite the fact that limbalis has precedence by nearly twenty years. 2004 Women & Men (Nexis) Mar. 13 A Tukanoan child is exposed to at least two languages from birth... No one language has chronological precedence over the other. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1484
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