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单词 preoccupation
释义

preoccupationn.

Brit. /prɪˌɒkjᵿˈpeɪʃn/, /ˌpriːɒkjᵿˈpeɪʃn/, U.S. /ˈˌpriˌɑkjəˈpeɪʃ(ə)n/
Forms: 1500s–1700s praeoccupation, 1600s– preoccupation.
Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French préoccupation; Latin praeoccupātiōn-, praeoccupātiō.
Etymology: < Middle French, French préoccupation care, concern (1486 in an isolated attestation; subsequently from 1835), action of meeting an objection beforehand (1547), state of being preoccupied by a preconceived idea, prejudice (1580), state of being preoccupied or engrossed by something (1733) and its etymon classical Latin praeoccupātiōn-, praeoccupātiō act of seizing in advance, in post-classical Latin also anticipation, prolepsis, prejudice (5th cent. in Augustine) < praeoccupāt- , past participial stem of praeoccupāre preoccupate v. + -iō -ion suffix1. Compare Italian preoccupazione (14th cent.). Compare preoccupy v.
1. The meeting of objections beforehand; spec. (Rhetoric) a figure of speech in which objections are anticipated and prevented; anticipation, prolepsis. Obsolete.In quots. 1538 and 1552, erroneously explained as equivalent to paralipsis (see paralipsis n.), apparently by confusing this with prolepsis.
ΘΚΠ
the world > time > relative time > the past > antecedence or being earlier > [noun] > anticipation
preventing1530
preoccupation1552
anticipation1553
antedate1573
prolepsis1578
forestalment1611
forestalling1641
precourse1678
pre-echo1781
pre-empting1857
previousness1881
proaction1953
proactivity1965
society > leisure > the arts > literature > style of language or writing > figure of speech > figures of structure or thought > [noun] > anticipation > of opponent's objections
preoccupation1552
prevention1571
procatalepsis1577
prolepsis1580
presumptuous1589
preventer1589
propounder1589
1538 T. Elyot Dict. Pręoccupatio, a fygure in Rhetorike, whan we will saye that we will not tell a thinge, and yet therby couertly we wil declare the matter, or make it suspected.]
1552 R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum Preoccupation..is also a certayne fygure in rethorycke, or a darke speakynge, as when we wyll saye, I wyll not tell all (etc.).
1560 W. Painter tr. W. Fulke Antiprognosticon Ded. sig. Aiiv Our familiaritie is suche, that neyther we haue neede of preoccupation, nor yet of many wordes in vtteryng our requeste.
1584 R. Scot Discouerie Witchcraft ii. viii. 30 They preuent vs with a figure. [Margin] Prolepsis or Præoccupation.
1611 W. Sclater Key to Key of Script. 386 The words haue in them a preoccupation, of what might be obiected against the former doctrine.
1683 E. Hooker in J. Pordage Theologia Mystica Pref. Epist. 64 By waie..of obviation, prævention, præoccupation and anticipation.
2. Mental prepossession leading to a particular disposition or tendency; bias, prejudice; influence; an instance of this. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > belief > expressed belief, opinion > bias, prejudice > [noun]
forejudging1571
preoccupation1572
prejudicateness1603
prejudicacy1608
forestalment1611
prepossession1638
anticipation1640
prejudice1643
biasedness1667
prevention1671
engagement1689
prejudgement1799
strabismus1844
parti pris1860
1572 Treat. Treasons against Q. Elizabeth ii. f. 86v The chief of these two Machiauellians..intruded himself by preoccupation into her presence and seruice,..&..suggested vnto her certaine false feares.
c1598 King James VI & I Basilicon Doron (1944) I. iii. 202 Keeping youre hairt free from præoccupation [1599 preoccupation].
1603 J. Florio tr. M. de Montaigne Ess. ii. xii. 257 These [Atheists] have some preoccupation of judgement that makes their taste wallowish, and tastlesse.
1613 A. Sherley Relation Trav. Persia 135 Let not your desires of promoving this great..businesse, blind you from foreseeing all sorts of preoccupations, which..you..may perchance find greater.
1696 J. Locke Lett. (1708) 156 'Tis your preoccupation in favour of me, that makes you say what you do.
1712 W. Popple Rational Catech. 70 If I could perfectly attain to that freedom from all preoccupation which you required from me.
1793 Beawes's Civil Hist. Spain & Portugal I. i. 12 To remain convinced, it will be sufficient to read the Testimonies that are alledged, unprejudiced by a Preoccupation.
1875 E. White Life in Christ (1878) iv. xxiv. 346 Starting as we believe without pre-occupation.
3. Occupation of a place in advance; previous occupation. Also figurative. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > possession > [noun] > occupancy > beforehand
preoccupation1658
preoccupancy1755
1658 E. Phillips New World Eng. Words Præoccupation, a possessing before hand.
1717 R. Blackmore Ess. upon Several Subj. 246 This is the bright Reward which the great Pagan Authors promis'd to themselves from their Works, while they triumph'd in the Pre-occupation of future Fame and empty Immortality.
1752 S. Johnson Rambler No. 7. 58 The necessity of dispossessing the sensual faculties of the influence which they must naturally gain by this preoccupation of the soul.
1848 Maitland (New S. Wales) Mercury 8 Jan. (Suppl.) 1/2 Several..were resorting to the most extraordinary and even fraudulent means to secure right of possession by pre-occupation.
1859 C. Darwin Origin of Species xii. 403 Pre-occupation has probably played an important part in checking the commingling of species.
1894 A. B. Gomme Trad. Games I. 21 A change of situation took place, and Hell was filled by the couple who were excluded by pre-occupation from the other place.
4. The state or condition of being preoccupied or engrossed by something; mental absorption; an instance of this. Frequently with with.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > attention > earnest attention, concentration > [noun]
intendance1390
intentionc1400
intensiona1619
absorption1640
immersion1647
preoccupation1788
concentration1823
engrossment1838
self-condensation1841
enchainment1849
submergence1872
immersal1901
absorbency1974
the mind > attention and judgement > inattention > mental wandering > abstraction, absent-mindedness > [noun]
amusement1663
reverie1690
abstractedness1705
absence1709
preoccupation1788
absentness1790
abstraction1791
absent-mindedness1845
misadvertence1870
not-thereness1902
la-la land1979
1788 New Sylph 40 His conversation, which had hitherto been so delightful to me, was now, from the preoccupation of my mind, become a burden.
1814 F. Burney Wanderer IV. viii. lxxi. 245 The beautiful Gothic structure before her..was nearly lost to her sight, from the misery and pre-occupation of her mind.
1854 H. H. Milman Hist. Lat. Christianity III. viii. i. 264 The preoccupation of men's minds with this absorbing subject.
1866 ‘G. Eliot’ Felix Holt I. xiv. 290 The stamp of gravity and intellectual preoccupation in his face and bearing.
1883 T. H. Green Proleg. Ethics §297 To be always fingering one's motives is a sign..of an unwholesome preoccupation with self.
1922 J. Galsworthy Forsyte Saga I. ii. x. 235 Young Jolyon pondered this letter so long and seriously that his wife noticed his preoccupation, and asked him what was the matter.
1961 Guardian 17 May 8/5 We should not allow a preoccupation with psychosomatic illness..to blind us to the advances..in the treatment of somato-psychic disorders.
1982 R. Grudin Time & Art of Living xi.182 What is to be avoided is preoccupation—..the nervous escape from thought to thought, the scratching and hair-fluffing, the short circuit of distraction.
2003 Nature 28 Aug. 981/1 Society's increasing preoccupation with looks is fuelling a booming business in cosmetic drugs.
5. An occupation that takes precedence over all others; a subject or matter that engrosses a person and dominates his or her thoughts.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > importance > [noun] > that which is important > which takes precedence
preoccupation1844
priority1936
the world > action or operation > doing > activity or occupation > [noun] > business claiming attention > occupation or preoccupation
preoccupation1844
bag1960
1844 tr. J. Janin in Monthly Rev. May 17 The sole preoccupation of the entire city was to know if it could talk a little better the next day than the day before.
1873 J. A. Symonds Stud. Greek Poets vi. 166 The first preoccupation of every Greek who visited Olympia, was to see the statue of Zeus.
1883 Manch. Guard. 13 Oct. 7/2 The fixed preoccupation of our agents on the spot..is to maintain the peace.
1912 E. K. Francis tr. J. Keble Lect. on Poetry 1832–41 II. xxix. 233 The Maiden Chorus bursts forth with some light, youthful strain, their sole pre-occupation being as to which of the Greek isles they themselves will be sent as captives.
1955 Times 10 May 18/5 Of the various classes of risk written in the accident department, motor insurance continues to be the main pre-occupation.
1982 P. Fitzgerald At Freddie's vi. 42 Gradually the class returned to their preoccupations, exactly as they had before he came into the room.
2004 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 13 May 40/1 War has been a preoccupation of historians since Thucydides.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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