prefecturen.

Brit.

/ˈpriːfɛktʃ(ʊ)ə/, U.S.

/ˈpriˌfɛktʃər/

Forms: late Middle English– prefecture, 1600s praefeture, 1600s prefectour, 1600s–1700s praefecture, 1800s– préfecture.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French prefecture; Latin praefectūra.

Etymology: < Anglo-Norman and Middle French prefecture, French préfecture authority of a prefect in ancient Rome (14th cent.), prefect (1480), land under the authority of a Roman prefect (early 16th cent.), kind of overlordship (1751), administrative district of France, also its central town or administrative headquarters (c1800) and its etymon classical Latin praefectūra the office or administration of a prefect, district under the administration or government of a prefect, in post-classical Latin denoting the office or administrative district of a variety of officials (in British and continental sources) < praefectus prefect n. + -ūra -ure suffix¹. Compare Catalan prefectura (1362 with reference to ancient Rome), Spanish prefectura (1385 with reference to ancient Rome, 1499 with reference to contemporary administration), Portuguese prefeitura (14th cent., originally with reference to ancient Rome), Italian prefettura (1304–8 with reference to ancient Rome, 1802 with reference to modern administration).With sense 2b compare Chinese fǔ (the term used from the Tang to the Qing dynasty), dìqū (the post-Qing term), Japanese ken ken n.⁴

1. The office or position of a prefect (in various senses); the administration of a governor; presidency, directorship; (also) the time or period during which such office is held.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > office > holder of office > magistrate > chief magistrate of a district > [noun] > prefect > position of

prefecture?a1439

prefectureship1606

prefectship1609

prefectorship1648

prefecturate1873

society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > governor of province, dependency, or colony > governors by country > [noun] > ancient Roman > prefect > position of

provostry1420

prefecture?a1439

provosty1443

provostship1546

prefectureship1606

prefectship1609

a1439 J. Lydgate Fall of Princes (Bodl. 263) iv. 2043 He gaf of Frige the prefecture off riht To Leonatus , that was so good a kniht [Fr. Leonatus..fut ordonne prefet..de la petite Frige].

1608 Bp. J. King Serm. St. Maries Oxf. 6 Not by way of Lieutenantship, deputation, subordinate prefecture whatsoever, but as a King over subiects.

1689 R. Milward Selden's Table-talk 34 You would have some other kind of Præfeture, than a Mayoralty.

1706 tr. Count Elci Present State Court of Rome 327 He was..provided with the Church of Ferrara, which he would willingly have exchanged for some Prefecture, that he might stay at Rome.

1781 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall II. xxii. 345 Before the end of the year in which they had been adorned with the ensigns of the prefecture and consulship.

1814 J. B. Scott Diary 12 Oct. in E. Mann Englishman at Home & Abroad (1930) v. 134 The palace once belonged to the Dukes of Burgundy, then to the Prince de Condé, and since the revolution to the Préfecture.

1865 C. Merivale Hist. Romans under Empire (new ed.) VIII. lxvi. 188 He..occupied at the moment the most important of all charges, the prefecture of Syria.

1893 Eng. Hist. Rev. 8 221 The name of this prefect does not occur in the Code; if the dates are right, his prefecture must be inserted between 9 Oct. 479, and 1 May, 480.

1919 Classical Philol. 14 163 This is the same type of work, which was done by Aelius Gallus during his prefecture of Egypt.

1968 Economist 3 Feb. 64/3 They will be co-ordinated by the newly instituted praefectura rerum oeconomicarum (prefecture of economic affairs).

1993 Guardian 15 Oct. i. 4/1 Ministers had opted for ‘Whitehall commissars’ along the lines of the French prefecture.

a. A district or territory under the administration or government of a prefect.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > territorial jurisdiction or areas subject to > territory under a governor or official > [noun] > under a prefect

prefecture1602

prefectury1686

prefecturate1759

prefectureship1762

1602 S. Patrick tr. I. Gentillet Disc. Wel Governing iii. xxxv. 367 He..commaunded they should take nothing within their prefecture or jurisdiction [L. iurisdictione & præfectura, Fr. baillage et ressort].

1642 Bp. J. Taylor Of Sacred Order Episcopacy 303 S. Chrysostome had Pontus, Asia, and all Thrace in his parish, even as much as came to sixteen prefectures.

1660 E. Warcupp tr. F. Schottus Italy iii. 304 The Lacedaemonians were afterwards subjugated by the Campani, and they by the Romans, who reduced that with Capua into the form of a Prefecture.

1762 P. Murdoch tr. A. F. Büsching New Syst. Geogr. I. 114 The..island is divided into five Amts or Prefectures.

1841 W. Spalding Italy & Ital. Islands I. 108 Constantine divided the empire..into four great Prefectures.

1905 W. Miller Greek Life in Town & Country ix. 174 At the head of each prefecture is the nomarch.., who is appointed by the King.

1997 Times-Picayune (New Orleans) (Nexis) 17 July a2 The Tutsi-led military killed 136 Hutu rebels in two areas in the prefecture.

b. spec. An administrative district or division of a province in China; (also) a corresponding district in Japan. Cf. prefect n. 2d.In China prefectures were abolished by the new Republic in early 1912. The term is now frequently used to designate an administrative division intermediate between province and county.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > territorial jurisdiction or areas subject to > an administrative division of territory > [noun] > in China

hien1837

prefecture1855

superintendency1896

1855 Jrnl. Amer. Oriental Soc. 5 314 This is the present prefecture of Ning-hea in Kan-suh, which was known about the time spoken of, by the names of Hea-chow, So-fang, and Ning-so.

1878 in Amer. Missionary Feb. 43 The 125,000 or so of Chinese now in this land, with few exceptions, all came from a small portion, two prefectures, of Kwangtung province.

1885 Whitaker's Almanack at Japan Japan..has recently incorporated Loochoo under the name of ‘Prefecture of Okinawa’.

1921 Jrnl. Compar. Legislation 3rd Ser. 3 p. xi The list of individual subscribers included..the Governor of the Saitama Prefecture, Japan.

1977 Yin Ming United & Equal 10 There are five autonomous regions, equal in status to a province; 29 autonomous prefectures, equal to prefectures of a province; and 69 autonomous counties.

1991 Economist 7 Dec. 132/3 No big tremors have shaken the area around Suruga bay,..now part of the Shizuoka prefecture, since 1854.

2005 Daily Yomiuri 6 Apr. 2/1 According to Kofu Police Station, Wataru Horiuchi of Otsuki, in the prefecture..used his position as a teacher to strike up a conversation with two high school girls.

3. The official residence or headquarters of a French préfet (see prefect n. 2c).

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > dwelling place or abode > a dwelling > official residence > [noun] > of people in specific employment

almonry1440

ferry house1595

prefecture1802

station house1805

pilothouse1812

lodging1826

schoolhouse1842

wardenry1859

adviserate1938

1802 C. Wilmot Irish Peer on Continent (1920) 111 We had some delay... It occasioned our making uncommonly pleasant acquaintances at The Prefecture, where fortunately Lady Mount Castell had letters of recommendation.

1848 W. K. Kelly tr. L. Blanc Hist. Ten Years II. 456 A line of ramparts, along which were ranged the Hôtel-de-Ville, the prefecture, the military division and subdivision.

1914 Sunday Times 2 Aug. 4/4 I was outside the Prefecture of Police when I noticed a little group gathered about a proclamation posted on one of the main doors.

1978 N. Henderson Jrnl. 22 June (1994) 195 When I left the Préfecture to walk about the streets of Clermont-Ferrand.

2000 Jrnl. Contemp. Hist. 35 366 The foreigners..were detained at the police prefecture for several days.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	prefecture
释义	prefecturen. Brit. /ˈpriːfɛktʃ(ʊ)ə/, U.S. /ˈpriˌfɛktʃər/ Forms: late Middle English– prefecture, 1600s praefeture, 1600s prefectour, 1600s–1700s praefecture, 1800s– préfecture. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French prefecture; Latin praefectūra. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman and Middle French prefecture, French préfecture authority of a prefect in ancient Rome (14th cent.), prefect (1480), land under the authority of a Roman prefect (early 16th cent.), kind of overlordship (1751), administrative district of France, also its central town or administrative headquarters (c1800) and its etymon classical Latin praefectūra the office or administration of a prefect, district under the administration or government of a prefect, in post-classical Latin denoting the office or administrative district of a variety of officials (in British and continental sources) < praefectus prefect n. + -ūra -ure suffix¹. Compare Catalan prefectura (1362 with reference to ancient Rome), Spanish prefectura (1385 with reference to ancient Rome, 1499 with reference to contemporary administration), Portuguese prefeitura (14th cent., originally with reference to ancient Rome), Italian prefettura (1304–8 with reference to ancient Rome, 1802 with reference to modern administration).With sense 2b compare Chinese fǔ (the term used from the Tang to the Qing dynasty), dìqū (the post-Qing term), Japanese ken ken n.⁴ 1. The office or position of a prefect (in various senses); the administration of a governor; presidency, directorship; (also) the time or period during which such office is held. ΘΚΠ society > authority > office > holder of office > magistrate > chief magistrate of a district > [noun] > prefect > position of prefecture?a1439 prefectureship1606 prefectship1609 prefectorship1648 prefecturate1873 society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > governor of province, dependency, or colony > governors by country > [noun] > ancient Roman > prefect > position of provostry1420 prefecture?a1439 provosty1443 provostship1546 prefectureship1606 prefectship1609 a1439 J. Lydgate Fall of Princes (Bodl. 263) iv. 2043 He gaf of Frige the prefecture off riht To Leonatus , that was so good a kniht [Fr. Leonatus..fut ordonne prefet..de la petite Frige]. 1608 Bp. J. King Serm. St. Maries Oxf. 6 Not by way of Lieutenantship, deputation, subordinate prefecture whatsoever, but as a King over subiects. 1689 R. Milward Selden's Table-talk 34 You would have some other kind of Præfeture, than a Mayoralty. 1706 tr. Count Elci Present State Court of Rome 327 He was..provided with the Church of Ferrara, which he would willingly have exchanged for some Prefecture, that he might stay at Rome. 1781 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall II. xxii. 345 Before the end of the year in which they had been adorned with the ensigns of the prefecture and consulship. 1814 J. B. Scott Diary 12 Oct. in E. Mann Englishman at Home & Abroad (1930) v. 134 The palace once belonged to the Dukes of Burgundy, then to the Prince de Condé, and since the revolution to the Préfecture. 1865 C. Merivale Hist. Romans under Empire (new ed.) VIII. lxvi. 188 He..occupied at the moment the most important of all charges, the prefecture of Syria. 1893 Eng. Hist. Rev. 8 221 The name of this prefect does not occur in the Code; if the dates are right, his prefecture must be inserted between 9 Oct. 479, and 1 May, 480. 1919 Classical Philol. 14 163 This is the same type of work, which was done by Aelius Gallus during his prefecture of Egypt. 1968 Economist 3 Feb. 64/3 They will be co-ordinated by the newly instituted praefectura rerum oeconomicarum (prefecture of economic affairs). 1993 Guardian 15 Oct. i. 4/1 Ministers had opted for ‘Whitehall commissars’ along the lines of the French prefecture. 2. a. A district or territory under the administration or government of a prefect. ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > territorial jurisdiction or areas subject to > territory under a governor or official > [noun] > under a prefect prefecture1602 prefectury1686 prefecturate1759 prefectureship1762 1602 S. Patrick tr. I. Gentillet Disc. Wel Governing iii. xxxv. 367 He..commaunded they should take nothing within their prefecture or jurisdiction [L. iurisdictione & præfectura, Fr. baillage et ressort]. 1642 Bp. J. Taylor Of Sacred Order Episcopacy 303 S. Chrysostome had Pontus, Asia, and all Thrace in his parish, even as much as came to sixteen prefectures. 1660 E. Warcupp tr. F. Schottus Italy iii. 304 The Lacedaemonians were afterwards subjugated by the Campani, and they by the Romans, who reduced that with Capua into the form of a Prefecture. 1762 P. Murdoch tr. A. F. Büsching New Syst. Geogr. I. 114 The..island is divided into five Amts or Prefectures. 1841 W. Spalding Italy & Ital. Islands I. 108 Constantine divided the empire..into four great Prefectures. 1905 W. Miller Greek Life in Town & Country ix. 174 At the head of each prefecture is the nomarch.., who is appointed by the King. 1997 Times-Picayune (New Orleans) (Nexis) 17 July a2 The Tutsi-led military killed 136 Hutu rebels in two areas in the prefecture. b. spec. An administrative district or division of a province in China; (also) a corresponding district in Japan. Cf. prefect n. 2d.In China prefectures were abolished by the new Republic in early 1912. The term is now frequently used to designate an administrative division intermediate between province and county. ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > territorial jurisdiction or areas subject to > an administrative division of territory > [noun] > in China hien1837 prefecture1855 superintendency1896 1855 Jrnl. Amer. Oriental Soc. 5 314 This is the present prefecture of Ning-hea in Kan-suh, which was known about the time spoken of, by the names of Hea-chow, So-fang, and Ning-so. 1878 in Amer. Missionary Feb. 43 The 125,000 or so of Chinese now in this land, with few exceptions, all came from a small portion, two prefectures, of Kwangtung province. 1885 Whitaker's Almanack at Japan Japan..has recently incorporated Loochoo under the name of ‘Prefecture of Okinawa’. 1921 Jrnl. Compar. Legislation 3rd Ser. 3 p. xi The list of individual subscribers included..the Governor of the Saitama Prefecture, Japan. 1977 Yin Ming United & Equal 10 There are five autonomous regions, equal in status to a province; 29 autonomous prefectures, equal to prefectures of a province; and 69 autonomous counties. 1991 Economist 7 Dec. 132/3 No big tremors have shaken the area around Suruga bay,..now part of the Shizuoka prefecture, since 1854. 2005 Daily Yomiuri 6 Apr. 2/1 According to Kofu Police Station, Wataru Horiuchi of Otsuki, in the prefecture..used his position as a teacher to strike up a conversation with two high school girls. 3. The official residence or headquarters of a French préfet (see prefect n. 2c). ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > dwelling place or abode > a dwelling > official residence > [noun] > of people in specific employment almonry1440 ferry house1595 prefecture1802 station house1805 pilothouse1812 lodging1826 schoolhouse1842 wardenry1859 adviserate1938 1802 C. Wilmot Irish Peer on Continent (1920) 111 We had some delay... It occasioned our making uncommonly pleasant acquaintances at The Prefecture, where fortunately Lady Mount Castell had letters of recommendation. 1848 W. K. Kelly tr. L. Blanc Hist. Ten Years II. 456 A line of ramparts, along which were ranged the Hôtel-de-Ville, the prefecture, the military division and subdivision. 1914 Sunday Times 2 Aug. 4/4 I was outside the Prefecture of Police when I noticed a little group gathered about a proclamation posted on one of the main doors. 1978 N. Henderson Jrnl. 22 June (1994) 195 When I left the Préfecture to walk about the streets of Clermont-Ferrand. 2000 Jrnl. Contemp. Hist. 35 366 The foreigners..were detained at the police prefecture for several days. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.?a1439
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