prefacen.

Brit.

/ˈprɛfᵻs/, U.S.

/ˈprɛfəs/

Forms: Middle English prefas, Middle English– preface, 1500s–1600s praeface; Scottish pre-1700 praeface, pre-1700 prefas, pre-1700 prefasst, pre-1700 1700s– preface.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French preface; Latin praefātiō.

Etymology: < (i) Anglo-Norman and Middle French preface (French préface ) introductory section of book (12th cent. in Old French as prefaice ), part of the Catholic liturgy (c1250 in Old French), preamble, introduction more generally (1380), and its etymon (ii) classical Latin praefātiō prefation n. Compare Old Occitan prefacia (mid 15th cent. denoting the preface of the mass; Occitan prefàcia denoting the preface of the mass, prefaci in other senses), Catalan prefaci (1429). Compare prefation n.In the following quot., used as translation of classical Latin inscriptio inscription on a statue, influenced by the post-classical Latin sense of this word ‘preliminary note in a text’ (compare quot. 1529 at inscription n. 3b, from a work by Roper's father):?1526 M. Roper tr. Erasmus Deuout Treat. Pater Noster i. sig. c.iij We maye se howe glad they be..if happen their fathers any great honoure as..their ymage and picture to be brought in to ye court or commen place with an honourable preface or any other goodly royalte what soeuer it be.

1. Christian Church. The introduction to the central part of the Eucharist, consisting principally of an offering of thanksgiving and praise to God. Cf. Proper Preface n. at proper adj., n., and adv. Compounds.In the Western Church, this usually forms the first part of the prayer of consecration, beginning with the Sursum Corda and ending with the Sanctus.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > worship > parts of service > preface > [noun]

prefacec1380

protology1623

illation1863

society > communication > book > matter of book > [noun] > matter preceding text > preface

forespeechc1000

prefacec1380

prefationc1390

entrya1425

prelude1548

prescript1651

preliminary1888

prelims1921

c1380 G. Chaucer Second Nun's Tale 271 Of the myracle of thise corones tweye, Seint Ambrose in his preface [v.r. prefas] list to seye.

a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1874) V. 307 Gelasius..made þe comyn prefas [?a1475 anon. tr. preface quotidian; L. quotidianam præfationem] þat is i-songe in chirches, ‘Vere dignum et justum est’.

a1425 Lay Folks' Mass Bk. (Cambr.) (1904) 143 Þe prest wyll þan in þt place Sone begynne preface þat begynnes wit ‘per omnia’.

c1475 (a1449) J. Lydgate Interp. & Virtues Mass 290 in Minor Poems (1911) i. 100 (MED) Next the secrete aftyr the offertory, The prefas foloweth aftyr [read afore] the sacrament.

a1500 Rule Minoresses in W. W. Seton Two 15th Cent. Franciscan Rules (1914) 105 Whan þe preface is seyde at masse, þey schul knelyn at þe orisoun til ‘Dominus uobiscum’, be it Feest or feri, & not biforne, & so for to stonde til ‘Per dominum’.

1563 J. Foxe Actes & Monuments 896/1 The preface of the Canon from, vere dignum & instum est &c. to, per Christum Dominum nostrum.

1664 Bp. J. Taylor Disswasive from Popery i. x. 65 We are Embassadors or Legates for Christ: Christs Vicars, not the Popes Delegates: and so all the Apostles are called in the Preface of the Mass.

1728 E. Chambers Cycl. (at cited word) The Preface to the Mass antiently had, and still has, very different Names in different Churches. In the Gothic, or Gallican Rite, it is call'd Immolation;..among the French, it was call'd Contestation; in the Roman Church, alone, it is call'd Preface.

1880 W. E. Scudamore in W. Smith & S. Cheetham Dict. Christian Antiq. II. 1696/1 In every liturgy the eucharistic preface leads up to the angelic hymn.

1901 Amer. Jrnl. Theol. 5 248 The order of worship..officially ratified January 24, 1522, is as follows: The Introit; the Kyrie..the Offertory; the Preface; the Sanctus; the Communion.

1997 Church Times 18 July 5/2 Members were taken through the history of the liturgy.., and then through preface, sanctus, epiclesis, anamnesis, and all the other basics beloved of liturgiologists.

2. The introduction to a literary work, usually stating its subject, purpose, scope, method, etc.; (in modern use also) spec. an introductory note, often of a personal nature, written by the author and distinguished from a foreword and an introduction.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > literature > a written composition > parts of a written composition > [noun] > prologue or introduction

forespeechc1000

prologuec1350

proemya1382

preamblec1395

proemc1410

exordyc1430

prolocutory1447

protocolc1450

forespeaking1480

preface1484

prooemiumc1485

preparation1526

introduction1529

induction1533

introducement1536

epistle?1548

prelude1548

proposition1553

foretalk1565

exordium1581

prolegomenons1600

inducement1605

isagoge1652

propylaeum1693

programma1711

foreword1842

foretalking1872

programme1880

pronaos1894

peritext1977

epitext1978

1484 W. Caxton tr. Subtyl Historyes & Fables Esope i Here begyneth the preface or prologue of the fyrste book.

1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection Pref. sig. Ai Of the whiche thre bokes, the two first: be but as prefaces.

1570 J. Dee in H. Billingsley tr. Euclid Elements Geom. Math. Præf. sig. ☞^v I finde great occasion..to vse a certaine forewarnyng and Præface.

1674 N. Fairfax Treat. Bulk & Selvedge To Rdr. 'Tis a more ticklish thing to pen a Preface, than 'tis to write a Book.

1749 H. Fielding Tom Jones I. Ded. p. xv I have run into a Preface, while I professed to write a Dedication.

1781 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall II. xxiii. 384 The causes of this superstitious fashion are discussed in the learned and judicious preface of Wesseling.

1839 T. Keightley Hist. Eng. II. 52 A preface in which the Pope was abused in the most virulent terms.

1895 W. A. Copinger in Trans. Bibliogr. Soc. 2 ii. 113 The first work with a preface is the Apuleius, and the first with marginal notes is the Aulus Gellius, both works printed in 1469 at Rome by Sweynheim and Pannartz.

1930 Bookman's Jrnl. 18 xiv. (Second Supplement) 15 There is a new preface.

1991 Hist. Workshop Spring 210 A translator's preface would have been useful.

a. The introductory part of a speech; a prologue; an introduction or preliminary explanation.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > speech > speech-making > [noun] > a speech > introductory speech or part of speech

forespeechc1000

prologuec1350

preamblec1395

preambulationc1395

prooemiumc1485

prolocutiona1525

introduction1529

insinuation1532

preface1532

proem1532

foretalk1565

opening statement1806

insinuance1888

1532 L. Cox Art or Crafte Rhetoryke sig. B.v Demosthenes in his oracyon made against Eschines, toke his preface out of a solempne peticion.

1553 T. Wilson Arte of Rhetorique ii. f. 58^v After the preface and first Enteraunce, the matter must bee opened.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 1 (1623) v. vii. 11 Tush my good Lord, this superficiall tale, Is but a preface of her worthy praise.

1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost xi. 251 Adam, Heav'ns high behest no Preface needs: Sufficient that thy Prayers are heard.

1725 A. Pope tr. Homer Odyssey III. xiv. 517 With artful preface to his host he spoke.

1779 F. Burney Let. 18 Nov. in Early Jrnls. & Lett. Fanny Burney (1994) 438 Thus much preface;—now to yesterday.

a1817 J. Austen Lady Susan xxii, in Wks. (1954) VI. 281 Reginald came this morning into my Dressing room..& after some preface informed me in so many words, that he wished to reason with me.

1871 B. Jowett tr. Plato Dialogues I. 698 Saying by way of preface, as I said before of the Gods, that we know nothing of the truth about them.

1915 V. Woolf Voy. Out xv. 246 At last, without any preface, she pronounced her decision.

1993 L. Darcy Private Arrangem. vii. 109 The abrupt question, made after a short, stunned silence, without even the preface of a greeting.

†b. A title, an epithet. Cf. prefix n. 3. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > naming > name or appellation > [noun]

nameeOE

wordeOE

clepinga1300

namingc1300

neveningc1300

titlec1390

notea1393

stylec1400

calling?a1425

nomination?a1425

vocable1440

appellation1447

denomination?a1475

vocation1477

preface1582

prenomination1599

nomenclature1610

expressiona1631

denotation1631

appellative1632

compellation1637

denominate1638

nomenclation1638

nominance1642

titularity1643

entitlement1823

compellative1830

cognomen1852

tally1929

denotative1944

anthroponym1952

1582 R. Browne Treat. Reformation sig. A4^v I will vse no title (or preface) before man.

a1640 J. Fletcher & P. Massinger Loves Pilgrimage v. vi, in F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Comedies & Trag. (1647) sig. Dddddddd/2 I say he is not worthy The name of man, or any honest preface, That dares report or credit such a slander.

†c. Scottish. An introduction to a scriptural reading, or a short paraphrase or practical comment upon a psalm before it is sung in church. Cf. preface v. 3. Obsolete.

ΚΠ

a1709 J. Nimmo Narr. (1889) 11 My heart being afected with the preface the former day.

1869 P. Landreth Life A. Thomson iv. 261 A model preface would be a far nobler help to congregational praise than any choir or organ.

4. figurative and in extended use. A preliminary or introductory event, action, etc.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > undertaking > preparation > [noun] > a) preparation(s) > a preliminary action or step

introductionc1386

deductiona1535

induction?1544

preamble1548

flourish1552

preludium1563

primordium1577

preparativec1580

exordium1581

introit1583

foregoinga1586

prologuea1586

preface1589

prelusion1597

proem1598

prolusion1601

introductory1646

preliminary1656

prelimination1667

flourishing1687

little go1842

preluding1858

foreword1888

prelim1891

prelimen1898

run-in1900

opening gambit1911

prolegomenon1926

lead-in1928

pipe-openera1936

lead-up1953

intro1964

1589 J. Anger Her Protection for Women sig. C3^v Their glozing tongues, the preface to the execution of their vilde mindes.

1594 1st Pt. Raigne Selimus sig. E2^v March to Natolia, there we will begin And make a preface to our massacres.

1656 T. Stanley Hist. Philos. II. v. 65 Mathematick is only a preface to divine things.

1742 L. Howard Serm. Several Occasions 244 That eternal destruction to which the first death is only a melancholy preface.

1831 W. Scott Count Robert xi, in Tales of my Landlord 4th Ser. II. 267 If so, his meeting with his plighted bride, after so many years' absence, was but a delusive preface to their separating for ever.

1878 T. Hardy Return of Native I. i. ix. 181 He..seemed to look upon a certain mass of disappointment as the natural preface to all realisations, without which preface they would give cause for alarm.

1903 Daily Chron. 16 Mar. 3/7 I pray your readers to remember that this enhanced price of sugar has had a preface.

2002 Internat. Herald Tribune (Nexis) 2 Mar. 7 The dislocation in art heralded the human conflagrations. An explosion of visual rage called Fauvism..served as a preface to it all.

Compounds

C1. Objective.

preface-maker n.

ΚΠ

1693 Humours & Conversat. Town 78 Dedicators and Preface-makers..Jurnalists, Mercurists.

1746 G. Logan Treat. Govt. 91 That which interested Mr Innes so much in this Matter, if he was the Preface-maker, was his great Concern..that [etc.].

1896 Atlantic Monthly Feb. 263/1 Preface-makers say that Cervantes discovered how popular Sancho was, and, taking his cue accordingly, developed and expanded Sancho's wit and gifts of speech.

1938 W. B. Otis Surv.-hist. Eng. Lit. 333 Only Bernard Shaw, according to Bredvold, is a greater preface maker.

† preface-monger n. Obsolete

ΚΠ

1672 A. Marvell Rehearsal Transpros'd i. 4 Our Author is already dwindled to a Preface-monger.

1761 Gentleman's Apol. p. iii After some one or other of these Sorts, does almost every Preface-monger deliver himself.

preface-writer n.

ΚΠ

1705 G. Miège Utrum Horum 43 After these Reflexions upon the Drs. Present State, and his Preface-writer, who can be so fond of that Book, as to make a perfect Collection of all its 20. Editions?

1856 J. P. Collier Coleridge's Seven Lect. on Shakespeare & Milton 102 Modern preface-writers and commentators..when they come to publish notes upon his plays, treat him [sc. Shakespeare] like a schoolboy.

1905 Athenæum 4 Feb. 139/3 Some occult process, which is the preface-writer's own secret.

1995 16th Cent. Jrnl. 26 293 Exalting the English expeditions..the preface-writer could not hide nonetheless a deep embarrassment.

C2.

† preface voice n. Obsolete the distinctive tone of voice in which the preface to the Eucharist is spoken or sung.

ΚΠ

1485 Device Coronation Henry VII in W. Jerdan Rutland Papers (1842) 16 He shall chaunge his voice, and sing then in preface voice unto his words per Christum Dominum nostrum, which words shalbe said in vacua voce.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

prefacev.

Brit.

/ˈprɛfᵻs/, U.S.

/ˈprɛfəs/

Forms: see preface n.

Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: preface n.

Etymology: < preface n. Compare French préfacer to write a preface (1608 in an apparently isolated attestation as prefasser; subsequently from 1906), to make introductory remarks (1784).

a. transitive. To introduce or commence (speech or writing) with a preface; to furnish (a book, etc.) with a preface. Frequently with by, with.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > speech > speech-making > deliver (a speech) [verb (transitive)] > introduce

preamble1566

preface1603

society > communication > book > matter of book > [verb (transitive)] > furnish with preface

preface1603

society > leisure > the arts > literature > a written composition > parts of a written composition > write parts of composition [verb (transitive)] > introduce or furnish with prologue

prefix1538

front1592

preface1603

preamble1628

perfixa1659

prologue1701

proema1716

prologize1779

premise1823

1603 H. Clapham Three Partes Salomon Song of Songs Expounded iii. 143 And because she would haue al her members to know the same with her, shee prefaceth her speach with this word of Attention, Behold [etc.].

1691 T. Hale Acct. New Inventions 56 That Declaration..wherewith we Prefaced our very first Paper.

1736 J. Swift Let. to Lady B. Germain 15 June I must preface this letter with an honest declaration.

1749 H. Fielding Tom Jones V. xiii. x. 82 The Man had scarce entered upon that Speech, which Mrs. Miller had so kindly prefaced .

1783 W. W. Grenville Let. 22 Jan. in Duke of Buckingham Mem. Court & Cabinets George III (1853) I. 133 Thus ended this business,..every man having prefaced his speech with a declaration of his intention not to oppose the motion.

1853 F. W. Robertson Serm. 3rd Ser. xxi. 277 Many..who would have prefaced that rebuke with a long speech.

1896 Argosy Feb. 451/1 I beg the privilege of prefacing my story with the above improbable..provisos.

1952 D. E. Butler Brit. Gen. Election of 1951 1 It..seems appropriate to preface this book with a discussion of why elections merit study.

1989 R. Hoggart Liberty & Legislation (BNC) 116 I shall preface a discussion of the pros and cons of reproductive techniques by a brief résumé of the underlying biology.

b. transitive. To write or say (something) as a preface; to state beforehand (frequently with clause as object). Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > speech > speak, say, or utter [verb (transitive)] > introduce > prefix (words, etc.) to something

preface1611

premise1626

society > leisure > the arts > literature > a written composition > parts of a written composition > write parts of composition [verb (transitive)] > introduce or furnish with prologue > write as prologue or introduction

premit?c1425

premisec1450

preface1611

preamble1628

epistle1671

society > communication > [verb (transitive)] > state beforehand

preface1712

1611 J. Speed Hist. Great Brit. ix. 446/1 He went to Oxford, where he sealed his fore-promised Charter, of many indulgent fauours: prefacing therein, that hee attained the Crowne by Election onely.

1664 H. More Modest Enq. Myst. Iniquity Pref. 1 It had..been requisite to Preface something to excuse the unexpected publishing of this new Treatise.

1709 J. Strype Ann. Reformation xlviii. 483 The author thought fit to preface a very apt quotation out of S. Augustin's Epistle to Januarius.

1712 R. Steele Spectator No. 449. ⁋2 It is necessary to Preface, that she is the only Child of a decrepid Father.

1848 Times 27 May 4/3 Nor should this be forgotten (which, indeed, is almost implied in what we have prefaced).

1922 J. Joyce Ulysses ii. vii. [Aeolus] 134 A few wellchosen words, Lenehan prefaced.

1987 G. A. Wells Orig. Lang. i. 18 It is in this sense that Reid said, having prefaced that ‘if mankind had not a natural language, they could never have invented an artificial one’, [etc.].

†c. intransitive. To make introductory or prefatory remarks; to write or speak a preface. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > speech > speak [verb (intransitive)] > say beforehand or introduce something

formela1400

preface1619

preamble1664

proluse1917

the world > action or operation > undertaking > preparation > prepare [verb (transitive)] > introduce or be preliminary to

to let into1596

prologuea1616

preface1619

preludea1637

introduce1667

preamble1951

society > communication > book > matter of book > [verb (intransitive)] > preface

preface1619

society > leisure > the arts > literature > a written composition > parts of a written composition > write parts of composition [verb (intransitive)] > compose prologue or introduction

proemiate1568

preambulate1608

preface1619

preludize1829

1619 W. Sclater Expos. 1 Thess. 326 To win credence to this mysterie, he prefaceth with mention of the word of God.

1653 I. Walton Compl. Angler i. 12 I wil preface no longer, but proceed.

1676 Bp. Guthrie in T. Burton Diary (1828) III. 90 (note) Having prefaced awhile with despightful exclamations,..[they] threw the stools they sat on at the preachers.

1720–21 Lett. from Mist's Jrnl. (1722) II. 190 Having prefaced thus much in the modern Way, I come now to apply.

1807 E. S. Barrett Rising Sun I. 154 He prefaces with an account of the upright character of the panegyrist.

2. figurative and in extended use.

a. transitive. To introduce, herald (an event, etc.); (also) to precede or come before (something) as an introduction.

ΚΠ

1603 H. Clapham Three Partes Salomon Song of Songs Expounded iii. 175 Whose might is prefaced by wicked slight.

1663 J. Spencer Disc. Prodigies (1665) 298 Those..signs with which the Providence of Nature..was noted to preface her works of greater note.

1704 J. Swift Tale of Tub vi. 130 Jack..prefaced his Resolutions to this purpose.

1754 C. Lennox tr. L. Ariosto in Shakespear Illustr. III. 238 Slowly the unwilling Words found way, checked by my rising Sighs, and prefaced by my Blushes.

1807 A. M. Porter Hungarian Brothers II. i. 3 When the name of Count Leopolstat prefaced his entrance.

1843 E. Bulwer-Lytton Last of Barons I. i. iii. 51 That a feat of skill with the cloth-yard, might not ill preface my letter to the great Earl.

1852 N. Hawthorne Blithedale Romance xxi. 207 They prefaced their dram with some medicinal remark as to the wholesomeness and stomachic qualities of that particular drink.

1853 C. Brontë Villette III. xxxii. 58 A depressing..passage has prefaced every new page I have turned in life.

1916 E. R. Burroughs Beasts of Tarzan viii. 130 The first torturing pricks that prefaced the more serious thrusts.

1982 S. Brett Murder Unprompted (1984) iii. 24 A tap on the door prefaced the bursting-in of Lesley-Jane Decker.

2004 Daily Tel. (Nexis) 11 Sept. 2 Commercial construction is picking up in the US, which..usually prefaces a recovery in the UK.

b. transitive. To occupy a position in front of; (also) to front or face with something, to place before or in front of.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > front > be in front of [verb (transitive)] > place in front (of)

foresetc825

to lay … beforec1000

again-puta1425

again-seta1425

preponea1513

prefer?1541

prepose?1541

prefix1604

prefacea1658

a1658 J. Cleveland Clievelandi Vindiciæ (1677) 24 I love to wear Clothes that are flush, Not prefacing old Rags with Plush.

1762 S. Foote Orators i. 21 A smart house, prefac'd with white rails.

1880 G. Venables tr. E. Berthet Sergeant's Legacy 137 A striped..dress, prefaced by an ample apron.

1986 ‘W. Trevor’ News from Ireland 265 It was a white building..pillars and steps prefacing its entrance doors.

†3. intransitive. Scottish. To preach by way of introduction to a scriptural reading; to deliver a paraphrase of or commentary on a psalm to be sung in church. Also transitive: to give a prefatory commentary on (a psalm, etc.). Cf. preface n. 3c. Obsolete.

ΚΠ

a1709 J. Nimmo Narr. (1889) 11 The ministers did preface upon the fourtieth of Gen. 5V. anent Joseph and his bretherin.

1824 A. Thomson in P. Landreth Life A. Thomson (1869) iv. 227 This must have appeared strange to a congregation whose minister ‘prefaces’ the psalm for a full hour.

1897 S. R. Crockett Lads' Love xv. 162 Mind to tell me the Psalm upon which he prefaces.

Derivatives

ˈprefaced adj.

ΚΠ

1616 J. Lane Contin. Squire's Tale viii. 36 Found they weare mingled sweete, sowr, pleasant, bitter, & praefaced ioie, but steepd in sadder licor.

1913 H. James Let. 14 Sept. (1920) II. 332 Scribner's (or Macmillan's) collective and revised and prefaced edition of my things.

2002 Mississippi Link (Nexis) 17 July 1 The ‘Black Presence’ section that appears in each prefaced book of the [Men of Color Study] Bible.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	preface
释义	prefacen. Brit. /ˈprɛfᵻs/, U.S. /ˈprɛfəs/ Forms: Middle English prefas, Middle English– preface, 1500s–1600s praeface; Scottish pre-1700 praeface, pre-1700 prefas, pre-1700 prefasst, pre-1700 1700s– preface. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French preface; Latin praefātiō. Etymology: < (i) Anglo-Norman and Middle French preface (French préface ) introductory section of book (12th cent. in Old French as prefaice ), part of the Catholic liturgy (c1250 in Old French), preamble, introduction more generally (1380), and its etymon (ii) classical Latin praefātiō prefation n. Compare Old Occitan prefacia (mid 15th cent. denoting the preface of the mass; Occitan prefàcia denoting the preface of the mass, prefaci in other senses), Catalan prefaci (1429). Compare prefation n.In the following quot., used as translation of classical Latin inscriptio inscription on a statue, influenced by the post-classical Latin sense of this word ‘preliminary note in a text’ (compare quot. 1529 at inscription n. 3b, from a work by Roper's father):?1526 M. Roper tr. Erasmus Deuout Treat. Pater Noster i. sig. c.iij We maye se howe glad they be..if happen their fathers any great honoure as..their ymage and picture to be brought in to ye court or commen place with an honourable preface or any other goodly royalte what soeuer it be. 1. Christian Church. The introduction to the central part of the Eucharist, consisting principally of an offering of thanksgiving and praise to God. Cf. Proper Preface n. at proper adj., n., and adv. Compounds.In the Western Church, this usually forms the first part of the prayer of consecration, beginning with the Sursum Corda and ending with the Sanctus. ΘΚΠ society > faith > worship > parts of service > preface > [noun] prefacec1380 protology1623 illation1863 society > communication > book > matter of book > [noun] > matter preceding text > preface forespeechc1000 prefacec1380 prefationc1390 entrya1425 prelude1548 prescript1651 preliminary1888 prelims1921 c1380 G. Chaucer Second Nun's Tale 271 Of the myracle of thise corones tweye, Seint Ambrose in his preface [v.r. prefas] list to seye. a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1874) V. 307 Gelasius..made þe comyn prefas [?a1475 anon. tr. preface quotidian; L. quotidianam præfationem] þat is i-songe in chirches, ‘Vere dignum et justum est’. a1425 Lay Folks' Mass Bk. (Cambr.) (1904) 143 Þe prest wyll þan in þt place Sone begynne preface þat begynnes wit ‘per omnia’. c1475 (a1449) J. Lydgate Interp. & Virtues Mass 290 in Minor Poems (1911) i. 100 (MED) Next the secrete aftyr the offertory, The prefas foloweth aftyr [read afore] the sacrament. a1500 Rule Minoresses in W. W. Seton Two 15th Cent. Franciscan Rules (1914) 105 Whan þe preface is seyde at masse, þey schul knelyn at þe orisoun til ‘Dominus uobiscum’, be it Feest or feri, & not biforne, & so for to stonde til ‘Per dominum’. 1563 J. Foxe Actes & Monuments 896/1 The preface of the Canon from, vere dignum & instum est &c. to, per Christum Dominum nostrum. 1664 Bp. J. Taylor Disswasive from Popery i. x. 65 We are Embassadors or Legates for Christ: Christs Vicars, not the Popes Delegates: and so all the Apostles are called in the Preface of the Mass. 1728 E. Chambers Cycl. (at cited word) The Preface to the Mass antiently had, and still has, very different Names in different Churches. In the Gothic, or Gallican Rite, it is call'd Immolation;..among the French, it was call'd Contestation; in the Roman Church, alone, it is call'd Preface. 1880 W. E. Scudamore in W. Smith & S. Cheetham Dict. Christian Antiq. II. 1696/1 In every liturgy the eucharistic preface leads up to the angelic hymn. 1901 Amer. Jrnl. Theol. 5 248 The order of worship..officially ratified January 24, 1522, is as follows: The Introit; the Kyrie..the Offertory; the Preface; the Sanctus; the Communion. 1997 Church Times 18 July 5/2 Members were taken through the history of the liturgy.., and then through preface, sanctus, epiclesis, anamnesis, and all the other basics beloved of liturgiologists. 2. The introduction to a literary work, usually stating its subject, purpose, scope, method, etc.; (in modern use also) spec. an introductory note, often of a personal nature, written by the author and distinguished from a foreword and an introduction. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > literature > a written composition > parts of a written composition > [noun] > prologue or introduction forespeechc1000 prologuec1350 proemya1382 preamblec1395 proemc1410 exordyc1430 prolocutory1447 protocolc1450 forespeaking1480 preface1484 prooemiumc1485 preparation1526 introduction1529 induction1533 introducement1536 epistle?1548 prelude1548 proposition1553 foretalk1565 exordium1581 prolegomenons1600 inducement1605 isagoge1652 propylaeum1693 programma1711 foreword1842 foretalking1872 programme1880 pronaos1894 peritext1977 epitext1978 1484 W. Caxton tr. Subtyl Historyes & Fables Esope i Here begyneth the preface or prologue of the fyrste book. 1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection Pref. sig. Ai Of the whiche thre bokes, the two first: be but as prefaces. 1570 J. Dee in H. Billingsley tr. Euclid Elements Geom. Math. Præf. sig. ☞^v I finde great occasion..to vse a certaine forewarnyng and Præface. 1674 N. Fairfax Treat. Bulk & Selvedge To Rdr. 'Tis a more ticklish thing to pen a Preface, than 'tis to write a Book. 1749 H. Fielding Tom Jones I. Ded. p. xv I have run into a Preface, while I professed to write a Dedication. 1781 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall II. xxiii. 384 The causes of this superstitious fashion are discussed in the learned and judicious preface of Wesseling. 1839 T. Keightley Hist. Eng. II. 52 A preface in which the Pope was abused in the most virulent terms. 1895 W. A. Copinger in Trans. Bibliogr. Soc. 2 ii. 113 The first work with a preface is the Apuleius, and the first with marginal notes is the Aulus Gellius, both works printed in 1469 at Rome by Sweynheim and Pannartz. 1930 Bookman's Jrnl. 18 xiv. (Second Supplement) 15 There is a new preface. 1991 Hist. Workshop Spring 210 A translator's preface would have been useful. 3. a. The introductory part of a speech; a prologue; an introduction or preliminary explanation. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > speech > speech-making > [noun] > a speech > introductory speech or part of speech forespeechc1000 prologuec1350 preamblec1395 preambulationc1395 prooemiumc1485 prolocutiona1525 introduction1529 insinuation1532 preface1532 proem1532 foretalk1565 opening statement1806 insinuance1888 1532 L. Cox Art or Crafte Rhetoryke sig. B.v Demosthenes in his oracyon made against Eschines, toke his preface out of a solempne peticion. 1553 T. Wilson Arte of Rhetorique ii. f. 58^v After the preface and first Enteraunce, the matter must bee opened. a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 1 (1623) v. vii. 11 Tush my good Lord, this superficiall tale, Is but a preface of her worthy praise. View more context for this quotation 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost xi. 251 Adam, Heav'ns high behest no Preface needs: Sufficient that thy Prayers are heard. View more context for this quotation 1725 A. Pope tr. Homer Odyssey III. xiv. 517 With artful preface to his host he spoke. 1779 F. Burney Let. 18 Nov. in Early Jrnls. & Lett. Fanny Burney (1994) 438 Thus much preface;—now to yesterday. a1817 J. Austen Lady Susan xxii, in Wks. (1954) VI. 281 Reginald came this morning into my Dressing room..& after some preface informed me in so many words, that he wished to reason with me. 1871 B. Jowett tr. Plato Dialogues I. 698 Saying by way of preface, as I said before of the Gods, that we know nothing of the truth about them. 1915 V. Woolf Voy. Out xv. 246 At last, without any preface, she pronounced her decision. 1993 L. Darcy Private Arrangem. vii. 109 The abrupt question, made after a short, stunned silence, without even the preface of a greeting. †b. A title, an epithet. Cf. prefix n. 3. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > naming > name or appellation > [noun] nameeOE wordeOE clepinga1300 namingc1300 neveningc1300 titlec1390 notea1393 stylec1400 calling?a1425 nomination?a1425 vocable1440 appellation1447 denomination?a1475 vocation1477 preface1582 prenomination1599 nomenclature1610 expressiona1631 denotation1631 appellative1632 compellation1637 denominate1638 nomenclation1638 nominance1642 titularity1643 entitlement1823 compellative1830 cognomen1852 tally1929 denotative1944 anthroponym1952 1582 R. Browne Treat. Reformation sig. A4^v I will vse no title (or preface) before man. a1640 J. Fletcher & P. Massinger Loves Pilgrimage v. vi, in F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Comedies & Trag. (1647) sig. Dddddddd/2 I say he is not worthy The name of man, or any honest preface, That dares report or credit such a slander. †c. Scottish. An introduction to a scriptural reading, or a short paraphrase or practical comment upon a psalm before it is sung in church. Cf. preface v. 3. Obsolete. ΚΠ a1709 J. Nimmo Narr. (1889) 11 My heart being afected with the preface the former day. 1869 P. Landreth Life A. Thomson iv. 261 A model preface would be a far nobler help to congregational praise than any choir or organ. 4. figurative and in extended use. A preliminary or introductory event, action, etc. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > undertaking > preparation > [noun] > a) preparation(s) > a preliminary action or step introductionc1386 deductiona1535 induction?1544 preamble1548 flourish1552 preludium1563 primordium1577 preparativec1580 exordium1581 introit1583 foregoinga1586 prologuea1586 preface1589 prelusion1597 proem1598 prolusion1601 introductory1646 preliminary1656 prelimination1667 flourishing1687 little go1842 preluding1858 foreword1888 prelim1891 prelimen1898 run-in1900 opening gambit1911 prolegomenon1926 lead-in1928 pipe-openera1936 lead-up1953 intro1964 1589 J. Anger Her Protection for Women sig. C3^v Their glozing tongues, the preface to the execution of their vilde mindes. 1594 1st Pt. Raigne Selimus sig. E2^v March to Natolia, there we will begin And make a preface to our massacres. 1656 T. Stanley Hist. Philos. II. v. 65 Mathematick is only a preface to divine things. 1742 L. Howard Serm. Several Occasions 244 That eternal destruction to which the first death is only a melancholy preface. 1831 W. Scott Count Robert xi, in Tales of my Landlord 4th Ser. II. 267 If so, his meeting with his plighted bride, after so many years' absence, was but a delusive preface to their separating for ever. 1878 T. Hardy Return of Native I. i. ix. 181 He..seemed to look upon a certain mass of disappointment as the natural preface to all realisations, without which preface they would give cause for alarm. 1903 Daily Chron. 16 Mar. 3/7 I pray your readers to remember that this enhanced price of sugar has had a preface. 2002 Internat. Herald Tribune (Nexis) 2 Mar. 7 The dislocation in art heralded the human conflagrations. An explosion of visual rage called Fauvism..served as a preface to it all. Compounds C1. Objective. preface-maker n. ΚΠ 1693 Humours & Conversat. Town 78 Dedicators and Preface-makers..Jurnalists, Mercurists. 1746 G. Logan Treat. Govt. 91 That which interested Mr Innes so much in this Matter, if he was the Preface-maker, was his great Concern..that [etc.]. 1896 Atlantic Monthly Feb. 263/1 Preface-makers say that Cervantes discovered how popular Sancho was, and, taking his cue accordingly, developed and expanded Sancho's wit and gifts of speech. 1938 W. B. Otis Surv.-hist. Eng. Lit. 333 Only Bernard Shaw, according to Bredvold, is a greater preface maker. † preface-monger n. Obsolete ΚΠ 1672 A. Marvell Rehearsal Transpros'd i. 4 Our Author is already dwindled to a Preface-monger. 1761 Gentleman's Apol. p. iii After some one or other of these Sorts, does almost every Preface-monger deliver himself. preface-writer n. ΚΠ 1705 G. Miège Utrum Horum 43 After these Reflexions upon the Drs. Present State, and his Preface-writer, who can be so fond of that Book, as to make a perfect Collection of all its 20. Editions? 1856 J. P. Collier Coleridge's Seven Lect. on Shakespeare & Milton 102 Modern preface-writers and commentators..when they come to publish notes upon his plays, treat him [sc. Shakespeare] like a schoolboy. 1905 Athenæum 4 Feb. 139/3 Some occult process, which is the preface-writer's own secret. 1995 16th Cent. Jrnl. 26 293 Exalting the English expeditions..the preface-writer could not hide nonetheless a deep embarrassment. C2. † preface voice n. Obsolete the distinctive tone of voice in which the preface to the Eucharist is spoken or sung. ΚΠ 1485 Device Coronation Henry VII in W. Jerdan Rutland Papers (1842) 16 He shall chaunge his voice, and sing then in preface voice unto his words per Christum Dominum nostrum, which words shalbe said in vacua voce. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022). prefacev. Brit. /ˈprɛfᵻs/, U.S. /ˈprɛfəs/ Forms: see preface n. Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: preface n. Etymology: < preface n. Compare French préfacer to write a preface (1608 in an apparently isolated attestation as prefasser; subsequently from 1906), to make introductory remarks (1784). 1. a. transitive. To introduce or commence (speech or writing) with a preface; to furnish (a book, etc.) with a preface. Frequently with by, with. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > speech > speech-making > deliver (a speech) [verb (transitive)] > introduce preamble1566 preface1603 society > communication > book > matter of book > [verb (transitive)] > furnish with preface preface1603 society > leisure > the arts > literature > a written composition > parts of a written composition > write parts of composition [verb (transitive)] > introduce or furnish with prologue prefix1538 front1592 preface1603 preamble1628 perfixa1659 prologue1701 proema1716 prologize1779 premise1823 1603 H. Clapham Three Partes Salomon Song of Songs Expounded iii. 143 And because she would haue al her members to know the same with her, shee prefaceth her speach with this word of Attention, Behold [etc.]. 1691 T. Hale Acct. New Inventions 56 That Declaration..wherewith we Prefaced our very first Paper. 1736 J. Swift Let. to Lady B. Germain 15 June I must preface this letter with an honest declaration. 1749 H. Fielding Tom Jones V. xiii. x. 82 The Man had scarce entered upon that Speech, which Mrs. Miller had so kindly prefaced . View more context for this quotation 1783 W. W. Grenville Let. 22 Jan. in Duke of Buckingham Mem. Court & Cabinets George III (1853) I. 133 Thus ended this business,..every man having prefaced his speech with a declaration of his intention not to oppose the motion. 1853 F. W. Robertson Serm. 3rd Ser. xxi. 277 Many..who would have prefaced that rebuke with a long speech. 1896 Argosy Feb. 451/1 I beg the privilege of prefacing my story with the above improbable..provisos. 1952 D. E. Butler Brit. Gen. Election of 1951 1 It..seems appropriate to preface this book with a discussion of why elections merit study. 1989 R. Hoggart Liberty & Legislation (BNC) 116 I shall preface a discussion of the pros and cons of reproductive techniques by a brief résumé of the underlying biology. b. transitive. To write or say (something) as a preface; to state beforehand (frequently with clause as object). Now rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > speech > speak, say, or utter [verb (transitive)] > introduce > prefix (words, etc.) to something preface1611 premise1626 society > leisure > the arts > literature > a written composition > parts of a written composition > write parts of composition [verb (transitive)] > introduce or furnish with prologue > write as prologue or introduction premit?c1425 premisec1450 preface1611 preamble1628 epistle1671 society > communication > [verb (transitive)] > state beforehand preface1712 1611 J. Speed Hist. Great Brit. ix. 446/1 He went to Oxford, where he sealed his fore-promised Charter, of many indulgent fauours: prefacing therein, that hee attained the Crowne by Election onely. 1664 H. More Modest Enq. Myst. Iniquity Pref. 1 It had..been requisite to Preface something to excuse the unexpected publishing of this new Treatise. 1709 J. Strype Ann. Reformation xlviii. 483 The author thought fit to preface a very apt quotation out of S. Augustin's Epistle to Januarius. 1712 R. Steele Spectator No. 449. ⁋2 It is necessary to Preface, that she is the only Child of a decrepid Father. 1848 Times 27 May 4/3 Nor should this be forgotten (which, indeed, is almost implied in what we have prefaced). 1922 J. Joyce Ulysses ii. vii. [Aeolus] 134 A few wellchosen words, Lenehan prefaced. 1987 G. A. Wells Orig. Lang. i. 18 It is in this sense that Reid said, having prefaced that ‘if mankind had not a natural language, they could never have invented an artificial one’, [etc.]. †c. intransitive. To make introductory or prefatory remarks; to write or speak a preface. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > speech > speak [verb (intransitive)] > say beforehand or introduce something formela1400 preface1619 preamble1664 proluse1917 the world > action or operation > undertaking > preparation > prepare [verb (transitive)] > introduce or be preliminary to to let into1596 prologuea1616 preface1619 preludea1637 introduce1667 preamble1951 society > communication > book > matter of book > [verb (intransitive)] > preface preface1619 society > leisure > the arts > literature > a written composition > parts of a written composition > write parts of composition [verb (intransitive)] > compose prologue or introduction proemiate1568 preambulate1608 preface1619 preludize1829 1619 W. Sclater Expos. 1 Thess. 326 To win credence to this mysterie, he prefaceth with mention of the word of God. 1653 I. Walton Compl. Angler i. 12 I wil preface no longer, but proceed. View more context for this quotation 1676 Bp. Guthrie in T. Burton Diary (1828) III. 90 (note) Having prefaced awhile with despightful exclamations,..[they] threw the stools they sat on at the preachers. 1720–21 Lett. from Mist's Jrnl. (1722) II. 190 Having prefaced thus much in the modern Way, I come now to apply. 1807 E. S. Barrett Rising Sun I. 154 He prefaces with an account of the upright character of the panegyrist. 2. figurative and in extended use. a. transitive. To introduce, herald (an event, etc.); (also) to precede or come before (something) as an introduction. ΚΠ 1603 H. Clapham Three Partes Salomon Song of Songs Expounded iii. 175 Whose might is prefaced by wicked slight. 1663 J. Spencer Disc. Prodigies (1665) 298 Those..signs with which the Providence of Nature..was noted to preface her works of greater note. 1704 J. Swift Tale of Tub vi. 130 Jack..prefaced his Resolutions to this purpose. 1754 C. Lennox tr. L. Ariosto in Shakespear Illustr. III. 238 Slowly the unwilling Words found way, checked by my rising Sighs, and prefaced by my Blushes. 1807 A. M. Porter Hungarian Brothers II. i. 3 When the name of Count Leopolstat prefaced his entrance. 1843 E. Bulwer-Lytton Last of Barons I. i. iii. 51 That a feat of skill with the cloth-yard, might not ill preface my letter to the great Earl. 1852 N. Hawthorne Blithedale Romance xxi. 207 They prefaced their dram with some medicinal remark as to the wholesomeness and stomachic qualities of that particular drink. 1853 C. Brontë Villette III. xxxii. 58 A depressing..passage has prefaced every new page I have turned in life. 1916 E. R. Burroughs Beasts of Tarzan viii. 130 The first torturing pricks that prefaced the more serious thrusts. 1982 S. Brett Murder Unprompted (1984) iii. 24 A tap on the door prefaced the bursting-in of Lesley-Jane Decker. 2004 Daily Tel. (Nexis) 11 Sept. 2 Commercial construction is picking up in the US, which..usually prefaces a recovery in the UK. b. transitive. To occupy a position in front of; (also) to front or face with something, to place before or in front of. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > front > be in front of [verb (transitive)] > place in front (of) foresetc825 to lay … beforec1000 again-puta1425 again-seta1425 preponea1513 prefer?1541 prepose?1541 prefix1604 prefacea1658 a1658 J. Cleveland Clievelandi Vindiciæ (1677) 24 I love to wear Clothes that are flush, Not prefacing old Rags with Plush. 1762 S. Foote Orators i. 21 A smart house, prefac'd with white rails. 1880 G. Venables tr. E. Berthet Sergeant's Legacy 137 A striped..dress, prefaced by an ample apron. 1986 ‘W. Trevor’ News from Ireland 265 It was a white building..pillars and steps prefacing its entrance doors. †3. intransitive. Scottish. To preach by way of introduction to a scriptural reading; to deliver a paraphrase of or commentary on a psalm to be sung in church. Also transitive: to give a prefatory commentary on (a psalm, etc.). Cf. preface n. 3c. Obsolete. ΚΠ a1709 J. Nimmo Narr. (1889) 11 The ministers did preface upon the fourtieth of Gen. 5V. anent Joseph and his bretherin. 1824 A. Thomson in P. Landreth Life A. Thomson (1869) iv. 227 This must have appeared strange to a congregation whose minister ‘prefaces’ the psalm for a full hour. 1897 S. R. Crockett Lads' Love xv. 162 Mind to tell me the Psalm upon which he prefaces. Derivatives ˈprefaced adj. ΚΠ 1616 J. Lane Contin. Squire's Tale viii. 36 Found they weare mingled sweete, sowr, pleasant, bitter, & praefaced ioie, but steepd in sadder licor. 1913 H. James Let. 14 Sept. (1920) II. 332 Scribner's (or Macmillan's) collective and revised and prefaced edition of my things. 2002 Mississippi Link (Nexis) 17 July 1 The ‘Black Presence’ section that appears in each prefaced book of the [Men of Color Study] Bible. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.c1380v.1603
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