单词 | predicament |
释义 | predicamentn. 1. Logic and Metaphysics. A category; esp. each of the ten categories of Aristotle (see category n. 1a). Now historical. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > ancient Greek philosophy > post-Socratic philosophy > [noun] > Aristotelianism > elements of material cause1393 matterc1395 matter subjecta1398 predicamenta1425 quality?1537 first substance1551 predicable1551 property1551 proprium1551 transcendent1581 final cause1587 category1588 habit1588 ante-predicament?1596 postpredicament1599 entelechy1603 transumption1628 secondary1656 objective cause1668 transcendental1668 general substance1697 third man1801 thought-form1834 posterioristic universal1902 ousia1917 the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > logic > logical proposition > term of a proposition > [noun] > predicate predicatec1450 predicament1579 categorem1588 a1425 J. Wyclif Sel. Eng. Wks. (1869) I. 195 Þese foolis moten lerne predicamentis and ten kyndis of þingis, and þanne þei moun se her foli. c1450 J. Capgrave Life St. Augustine (1910) 11 (MED) Þe book of Aristotle cleped his Cathegories, we clepe hem at þese dayes þe Predicamentis. c1500 (?a1475) Assembly of Gods (1896) 1329 (MED) As for Vertu, he ys no creature Vnder the predicament conteynyd of quantyte; Wherfore hys destruccion longeth nat to the. 1579 W. Fulke Refut. Rastels Confut. in D. Heskins Ouerthrowne 752 He remembreth what the Predicament Vbi meaneth. 1599 T. Blundeville Art of Logike i. xix. 42 They be Interpretations of certaine words more plainely expounded after the Predicaments. 1655 N. Culpeper et al. tr. L. Rivière Pract. Physick x. ix. 308 Heat is not the chief agent in breeding of Worms, which are in the prædicaments of substance, and heat is but an accident. 1677 T. Gale Court of Gentiles: Pt. IV iv. Proem 4 Objective Ideas or real Beings, considered in Logic, are reduced by the Aristotelean..to Ten Categories or Predicaments. 1725 I. Watts Logick i. ii. 37 The famous ten Predicaments or Categories of Aristotle, on which there are endless Volumes of Discourses formed by several of his Followers. 1788 T. Reid Aristotle's Logic vi. §1. 135 The predicaments and predicables have a like title to our veneration as antiquities. 1801 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 91 99 Bringing x√−1 under the predicament of quantity. 1838 F. Haywood tr. I. Kant Critick Pure Reason i. ii. §x. 82 Let it be permitted to me to call these pure, but deduced understanding-conceptions, the Predicables of the pure understanding (as opposed to Predicaments). 1864 F. C. Bowen Treat. Logic v. 116 Having determined the Second Intentions of Predicates, which are the Predicables, Aristotle attempted to carry the analysis of Judgments one step farther by determining their First Intentions, and was thus led to form his celebrated list of the ten Categories or Predicaments, [in which] he inquired how many and what particular things may be predicated of any Subject. 1936 Philos. Rev. 45 291 His [sc. Leibniz's] main objection to Aristotle's predicaments was that they were inadequately explanatory. 1992 B. P. Copenhaver & C. B. Schmitt Hist. Western Philos. III. iv. 217 Valla may be the only person ever denounced from the pulpit for having written against the ten predicaments. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > kind or sort > [noun] > a kind, sort, or class > to which a certain predication applies predicament1548 category1678 1548 Hall's Vnion: Edward IV f. ccxlviijv We beyng called reasonable creatures, and in that predicament, compared and ioyned with Angelles. ?1576 A. Hall Let. touchyng Priuate Quarell sig. gv I..remayne with his enimies in one predicament for the conceyuing of his wantes, but differ in desire with them towardes him. 1604 T. Wright Passions of Minde (new ed.) v. 189 Likelinesse or vnlikelinesse are also relatives, and consequently belong to this same predicament. 1618 Ld. Sheffield in S. R. Gardiner Fortescue Papers (1871) 52 Wherof some scandall hath fallne upon me as conceived to bee in the same predicamente. 1680 J. Humfrey & S. Lobb Answer to Dr. Stillingfleet's Serm. 7 It must be acknowledg'd..That Re-ordination is an uncouth thing..; and put usually into the same predicament..with Re-baptization. 1749 H. Fielding Tom Jones III. ix. iii. 324 Irish Ladies of strict Virtue, and many Northern Lasses of the same Predicament . View more context for this quotation 1804 J. E. Smith Eng. Bot. XVIII. 1268 This plant is in the same predicament with Avena strigosa. 1845 W. Napier Conquest Scinde ii. i. 227 The Beloochs holding the forts were part of these bands; they belonged to the same predicament. 1874 R. Brown Man. Bot. iii. ix. 420 All the individuals of all the species of Hippeastrum are in the same predicament—viz., producing seed to the pollen of another species, though not to its own. 3. A circumstance, condition, or situation; a state of being; a state of affairs. In later use chiefly: a difficult, unpleasant, or embarrassing situation or circumstance, esp. one which requires resolution. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > existence > state or condition > circumstance or circumstances > [noun] > state of affairs or situation thingeOE stallc1000 estrec1300 farea1325 arrayc1386 casea1393 costa1400 state of thingsa1500 style?a1505 predicament1586 facta1617 posture1620 picture1661 situation1750 position1829 lie1850 posish1859 state of play1916 the form1934 score1938 sitch1954 1586 A. Day Eng. Secretorie i. sig. K6v Supposing that..I should still haue found you in the same predicament, without alteration. 1598 R. Barret Theorike & Pract. Mod. Warres ii. 27 This squadron standeth in such predicament, that any Gentleman..may serue as soldier in the same. 1624 J. Skinner True Relation Proc. against Eng. at Amboyna 17 [He] was sure he could expect no assistance from them, that were themselues in such a predicament. 1649 J. Lilburne Second Part of Englands New Chains in Leveller Tracts (1944) 180 But when they saw what a strange predicament they had brought themselves into..they had before manifested a greater obstinacy, then now they did a serious Repentance. 1696 P. Ayres Revengeful Mistress 24 Lest by some rash Word or indecent Gesture amongst their Priests, he run him into some ill Predicament, from whence he will not find it an easie matter to extricate himself. 1737 T. Stackhouse Miseries & Great Hardships Inferior Clergy & Plea for Rights 21 If receiving a Sum of Money..denominates us their Servants; then are all the Professions in the World under the same Predicament. 1788 A. Hamilton Federalist Papers lxxxiv. 345 It has been upon different occasions remarked, that the constitutions of several of the states are in a similar predicament. 1827 W. Scott Highland Widow in Chron. Canongate 1st Ser. I. xii. 233 His deep sense of the deceit which had been practised on him, and of the cruel predicament to which he was reduced. 1865 T. Carlyle Hist. Friedrich II of Prussia VI. xx. vii. 209 Werner finds himself suddenly in a most awkward predicament. 1882 E. O'Donovan Merv Oasis I. 325 Here was a predicament, inasmuch as I was in a desperate hurry. 1915 L. M. Montgomery Anne of Island v. 54 It wouldn't have been the right thing for them to have seen a minister in such an undignified predicament. 1957 C. Middleton in tr. R. Walser Walk 10 Samuel Beckett, whose writings surely expose the very core of the modern predicament. 1985 O. Clark Diary 20 May (1998) 172 Phoned Henrietta and told her my predicament. ‘Something will turn up,’ she said. 2003 Atlantic Monthly Jan. 125/1 Public trust in corporations is low. There are two ways out of this predicament. ΘΚΠ society > faith > worship > preaching > [noun] bodingc1000 preachinga1300 sermoninga1300 predicationa1325 preachmentc1330 prophesyingc1520 pulpitingc1540 doctrine1560 prophesying1574 prophecy1577 desk1581 pulpitry1606 predicancy1627 prophecy1631 sermonizing1635 pulpitizing1651 predicament1765 preachery1828 sermonology1854 parsonizing1864 kerygma1889 1765 Mumbo Chumbo 12 To 'stablish you in this, it is the Drift Of Solomon's most wise Predicament. DerivativesΚΠ 1827 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. 21 895 Of the three classes of Predicamentists, the fiercest are the Plucked. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < |
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