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单词 predicable
释义

predicableadj.n.

Brit. /ˈprɛdᵻkəbl/, U.S. /ˈprɛdəkəb(ə)l/
Forms: 1500s– predicable, 1600s–1700s praedicable.
Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French prédicable; Latin praedicābilis.
Etymology: < Middle French prédicable, adjective and noun (1534 in philosophical sense; French prédicable ) and its etymon classical Latin praedicābilis (adjective) deserving renown, praiseworthy, in post-classical Latin also that may be affirmed, predicable (frequently from a1217 in British sources) < praedicāre predicate v. + -bilis -ble suffix. With use as noun in sense B. 1a compare post-classical Latin praedicabile (plural praedicabilia ) predicable in logic, category (from 12th cent. in British sources; from 13th cent. in continental sources, especially with reference to Aristotle), use as noun of neuter of classical Latin praedicābilis ; in turn translating ancient Greek κατηγορικά (plural). In sense B. 1b after German Prädikabilien, plural (1787 in the passage translated in quot. 1838 at sense B. 1b).
A. adj.
That may be predicated (in various senses); capable of being affirmed or asserted.In quot. 1547: (perhaps) suitable for preaching, preachable.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > statement > assertion or affirmation > [adjective] > asseverated, asserted, affirmed, or positively stated > able to be
predicable1547
averrable1562
intendable1628
assertable1837
1547 W. Salesbury Dict. Eng. & Welshe sig. Oiv Pregethol, predicable.
1598 J. Florio Worlde of Wordes Predicabile, predicable, that may be told and spoken of publikely.
1667 E. Waterhouse Short Narr. Fire London 51 Made that predicable of London which Florus writes of Samnium.
1683 R. Browne in R. Browne tr. R. Bacon Cure Old Age & Preservation Youth xii. 108 Some would have this to be Quintessence of Mans Blood: But what the Author speaks of, cannot be predicable of any Quintessence.
1722 W. Wollaston Relig. of Nature v. 73 It will always be predicable of him, that he was the doer of it.
1776 G. Campbell Philos. of Rhetoric I. i. vi. 170 For, to express myself in the language of the art, that may be predicated of the species, which is not predicable of the genus; but that can never be predicated of the genus which is not predicable of the species.
1849 W. Thomson Outl. Laws of Thought (ed. 2) §37. 147 Predicable-Classes, or classes of conceptions which can stand as predicates.
1866 T. Fowler Elem. Deduct. Logic (1887) viii. 59 As a test of a logical division..the term divided must be predicable of each dividing member.
1906 P. Lowell Mars & its Canals viii. 95 Even on Mars nothing in the way of weather is absolutely predicable but impredicability.
1952 Mind 61 88 A homological predicate, genuinely predicable of itself.
1995 C. A. Wellman Real Rights i. 19 The radical difference between our color and shape vocabularies hardly proves that they are not both predicable of the same physical objects.
B. n.
1. Philosophy.
a. Chiefly in plural. In Aristotelian logic: each of the five (originally four) classes of predicate, to one or other of which every predicated thing may be referred.Of these classes Aristotle ( Topica1. 4. 5) recognized four: genus (γένος), definition (ὅρος), property (ἴδιον), accident (συμβεβηκός). Under genus he made the subdivision of difference (διαϕορά). The list was subsequently modified by Porphyry and by the early Schoolmen, by the omission of definition, and addition of species (εἴδος), giving the ‘Five Predicables’, genus, species, difference, property, accident.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > ancient Greek philosophy > post-Socratic philosophy > [noun] > Aristotelianism > elements of
material cause1393
matterc1395
matter subjecta1398
predicamenta1425
quality?1537
first substance1551
predicable1551
property1551
proprium1551
transcendent1581
final cause1587
category1588
habit1588
ante-predicament?1596
postpredicament1599
entelechy1603
transumption1628
secondary1656
objective cause1668
transcendental1668
general substance1697
third man1801
thought-form1834
posterioristic universal1902
ousia1917
1551 T. Wilson Rule of Reason sig. Biiii v They be called Predicables because some one thing is spoken of an other.
1569 J. Sanford tr. H. C. Agrippa Of Vanitie Artes & Sci. vii. f.21 v Moreouer they teache what they be that are before spoken of these and their partes, whiche be fiue in number: that is, the Generall woorde, the Speciall, the Difference, the Propertie, and the Accidente, whiche for this cause be called Predicables.
1606 G. Chapman Monsieur D'Oliue ii. i Gaue a scholler Forty or fiftie crownes a yeare to teach me And prate to me about the predicables When indeede my thoughts flew a higher pitch.
1656 T. Blount Glossographia s.v In Logick there are five Predicables, otherwise called Porphyries five terms.
1701 tr. F. Burgersdijck Introd. Art Logick 31 The Predicables are five in Number, viz. Genus, Species, Difference, Property and Accident.
1766 O. Goldsmith Vicar of Wakefield I. vii. 60 The essence of spirituality may be referred to the second predicable.
1844 U.S. Mag. & Democratic Rev. Nov. 443/2 The several kinds of propositions, the number of Predicables, which, after a stringent review of the Ten Categories of Aristotle, Mr. Mill reduces to the five which follow: Existence; Order in place; Order in time; Causation; Resemblance.
1906 H. W. B. Joseph Introd. Logic iv. 96 It would be well to abandon the Porphyrian list of predicables in favour of the Aristotelian.
1925 Mind 34 201 It is interesting as showing to what extent the Epicureans found themselves compelled to fall back on something like Aristotle's predicables in order to make knowledge possible.
1966 Philos. Q. 16 262 This will entail narrowing the notion so that some broadly or grammatically predicative sentences will not longer count as predicative. This is done by Aristotle: but it is not the doctrine of categories, but the doctrine of predicables.
2002 R. Knowles Shakespeare's Arguments with Hist. i. 15 Cicero in effect had already taken on board the predicables, i.e. that which can be predicated of any thing (genus, species, difference, property, accident).
b. In plural. In the philosophy of Kant: certain a priori concepts derived from the categories. Cf. category n. 1b.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > idealism > [noun] > Kantianism > elements of
conception1701
schematism1794
categorical imperative1796
intuition1796
matter1796
receptivity1796
schema1796
dialectic1797
multifarious1798
reciprocity1799
form1803
synthesis1817
Anschauung1820
manifold?1822
category1829
modality1836
multiplex1836
predicable1838
multiple1839
multiplicity1839
presentmenta1842
elanguescence1855
1838 F. Haywood tr. I. Kant Critick Pure Reason i. ii. §x. 82 Let it be permitted to me to call these pure, but deduced understanding-conceptions, the Predicables [Ger. Prädikabilien] of the pure understanding (as opposed to Predicaments).
1889 J. H. Bernard & J. P. Mahaffy Kant's Crit. Philos. for Eng. Readers I. v. 96 Kant observes that the Categories, as generic concepts of the pure understanding, have their pure deduced concepts under them, which he proposes to call predicables of the pure understanding, e.g. subordinate to the category of cause we should have force, action, passion; [etc.].
1902 J. M. Baldwin Dict. Philos. & Psychol. II. 325/2 Kant undertook to set up his own ‘predicables of the pure understanding’, which were to be derivative conceptions under the categories.
1999 S. Gardner Routledge Philos. Guidebk. to Kant & Critique Pure Reason v. 133 Kant means to prove..that these categories and no others must be the pure concepts of the understanding, i.e. that they are necessary for any subject with a discursive intellect and that any other pure concepts that such a subject has will be formed from them (‘pure derivative concepts’ or ‘predicables of the pure understanding’, in Kant's language).
2. gen. A thing which may be predicated.
ΘΚΠ
the world > existence and causation > existence > intrinsicality or inherence > [noun] > a property, quality, or attribute
i-cundeOE
kindOE
thingOE
quality1340
virtue1340
assizea1375
propertyc1390
principlea1398
conditionc1460
faculty1490
predicatea1513
epitheton1547
passion1570
propriety1584
affection1588
attribute1603
qualification1616
appropriate1618
intimacy1641
bedighting1674
belonger1674
cleaver1674
interiority1701
internal property1751
predicable1785
coloration1799
internality1839
1785 T. Reid Ess. Intellect. Powers v. i. 433 A predicable therefore signifies the same thing as an attribute.
1837 H. Hallam Introd. Lit. Europe I. iv. 437 This method appears to be only an artificial disposition..of subjects and predicables, according to certain distinctions.
1871 O. S. Munsell Psychology 132 After all, essence, or identity, and acts, as predicables, come under the relations of attributes, generically considered.
1906 H. W. B. Joseph Introd. Logic iv. 54 A predicable is merely that which can be predicated: viz. that which is universal, not an individual; all kinds, qualities, states, relations, etc., are predicable, and they are universal, because they may be exemplified in and belong to more than one individual subject.
1975 Times Lit. Suppl. 28 Feb. 215/3 The orthodox Fregean and Russellian view that the sortals ‘man’, ‘woman’, ‘cat’ are predicables and not names.
2000 J. Margolis in L. P. Nucci et al. Culture, Thought & Developm. i. i. 13 Piaget does not come to grips directly with the problem of general predicables, which the seriation question broaches and entails.

Derivatives

predicableness n. Obsolete rare Apparently only attested in dictionaries or glossaries.
ΚΠ
1727 N. Bailey Universal Etymol. Eng. Dict. II. sig. Cccc2v/1 Predicableness, capableness of being predicated, told or spoken of.
ˈpredicably adv. rare.
ΚΠ
1728 E. Chambers Cycl. Predicably, Predicabiliter, is used in the Schools in opposition to predicamentally. Thus, Matter is said to be united to Form predicably, or per accidens; to exclude the Notion of a predicamental Accident.
1993 T. McDermott tr. St. Thomas Aquinas Sel. Philos. Writings (1998) i. 27 Ibn Sīnā says beginnings can be common in two senses: predicably common [L. per praedicationem], in the way what I call form is common to all forms, being predicated of each; and causally common.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2007; most recently modified version published online June 2022).
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adj.n.1547
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