predestinateadj.n.

Brit.

/priːˈdɛstᵻnət/,

/prᵻˈdɛstᵻnət/, U.S.

/priˈdɛstənət/

Forms: Middle English predestynaat, Middle English predestynat, Middle English predestynatt, Middle English prodestinat (probably transmission error), Middle English–1500s predestinat, Middle English–1500s predestynate, Middle English– predestinate; Scottish pre-1700 praedestinat, pre-1700 predestinait, pre-1700 predestinat, pre-1700 predestynate, pre-1700 1700s– predestinate.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin praedestinatus, praedestinātus, praedestināre.

Etymology: < post-classical Latin praedestinatus foreordained, predestined, person predestined to eternal life (5th cent.), use as adjective and noun of classical Latin praedestinātus, past participle of praedestināre predestinate v. Compare Middle French, French prédestiné (c1190 in Old French), Old Occitan predestinat (c1300; 14th cent. as noun).

A. adj.

1. Theology.

a. Destined by divine will, foreordained; predestined to a specified fate or to do something. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > will > necessity > fate or destiny as determining events > [adjective] > fated or predestined

born1357

destinablec1374

destinalc1374

fatalc1374

predestinatec1384

foreordainedc1420

ordinate?a1425

destiny?1473

preordinatea1475

prefinitec1475

pointed1523

predestined1545

determined1546

ordinated1562

predestinated1571

preordained?1580

fore-appointeda1586

predeterminate1601

predetermined1601

destinated1604

destinate1605

destined1609

predesigned1668

predefinite1678

cut and dry1710

fated1715

weirded1820

laid-down1839

foreordinated1858

predesignated1883

predestinatory1893

preset1926

predefined1929

predestine1962

bashert1963

the mind > will > necessity > fate or destiny as determining events > [adjective] > predestined to a specific fate or lot

fortunedc1374

predestinatec1384

c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Rom. i. 4 The which is predestynat [a1425 L.V. bifor ordeyned], or bifore ordeyned bi grace, the sone of God in vertu.

a1450 (c1435) J. Lydgate Life SS. Edmund & Fremund (Harl.) 618 in C. Horstmann Altengl. Legenden (1881) 2nd Ser. 424 This blissid martir..Afforn predestynat to liff that is eterne.

c1475 Life St. Anne (Trin. Cambr.) (1928) 551 (MED) She was predestinat, and none but she, To be the worldes verrey chief comfort.

a1500 ( J. Lydgate Q. Margaret's Entry into London 163 in Mod. Lang. Rev. (1912) 7 231 (MED) The ferefull sowne of Trumpe Iudiciall..shall calle Eche man..Who hath wel doon, to lyf predestinate.

a1530 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfeccyon (1531) iii. f. Clxxx She that was predestynate to be the mother of god.

1568 Newe Comedie Iacob & Esau v. iv. sig. F.iij^v Esau, thou commest to late, An other to thy blessing was predestinate, And cleane gone it is from thee Esau.

1582 R. Stanyhurst tr. Virgil First Foure Bookes Æneis i. 1 Bi Gods predestinat order.

1649 tr. Alcoran 41 In a time prescribed and predestinate.

1685 W. Clark Grand Tryal iii. xxviii. 238 If we did know such hidden things,..And what to each man were predestinat..The world would split in two, and men should know Too much to damn them all.

1838 H. W. Herbert Cromwell II. ii. vi. 9 I, that was written down before the world began—I, that have been predestinate of old to execute the wrath of the Most Highest, and press the wine-press of his vengeance.

1868 R. Browning Ring & Bk. I. iii. 211 The precious something at perdition's edge, He only was predestinate to save.

?1882 J. A. Allen True & Romantic Love-story Col. & Mrs. Hutchinson 67 Our love was, as our life, predestinate, Sure, from the first, writ in the book of God.

1902 H. E. B.-H. King Hours of Passion 16 Here I abide, bound, fixed, predestinate. Thou needest me,—yes, even to complete The last faint passage of Thy failing feet.

1990 Times (Nexis) 15 Oct. (Sport section) Only the Calvinists, I think, have believed in predestinate damnation, and surely they don't still hold that belief?

b. Of a person: predestined by God to salvation or eternal life. Cf. elect adj. 2a.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > aspects of faith > spirituality > salvation, redemption > doctrine of salvation > [adjective] > predestinarianism > characterized by

predestinatec1400

predestinated1571

c1400 J. Wyclif Sel. Eng. Wks. (1871) III. 426 (MED) If þo pope asked me wheþer I were ordeyned to be saved, or predestynate, I wolde sey þat I hoped so.

a1450 (c1400–25) H. Legat Serm. Passion in D. M. Grisdale 3 Middle Eng. Serm. (1939) 4 (MED) Prey him..þat he wille of his gret grace clepe ȝow in his calling & numbur ȝow a-mong hem þat ben predestinat from þe biginning.

c1535 M. Nisbet New Test. in Scots (1905) III. Prol. to Rom. 341 To searse the boddumless secrettis of Godis predestinatiounn, quhiddir thai be predestynate or nocht.

1630 J. Downane Summe Sacred Divinity ii. i. 290 Euery particular person is thus predestinate.

1757 E. Perronet Mitre (new ed.) iii. cxxx.166 How many self-deceiv'd: Themselves predestinate believ'd... Trifled with God, till left alone: They're irretrievably undone: To swift destruction brought.

1926 P. Van Dyke Ignatius Loyola xiii. 208 He..wrote that the idea, that some not predestinate can be saved, was not officially declared heretical.

1960 F. P. Wilson 17th Cent. Prose ii. 43 Good men..come to believe that God has forsaken them, that they are not predestinate.

2. gen. Destined or fated, esp. to a particular office, condition, type of existence, etc.

ΚΠ

?1528 La Conusaunce Damours sig. d iv It is predestinate Vnto me: most wretched creature For to haue this miserable state And infinite sorowe to endure.

?a1534 H. Medwall Nature i. sig. ciiii He ys predestynate to be a prynces pere.

1600 W. Shakespeare Much Ado about Nothing i. i. 128 So some Gentleman or other shall scape a predestinate scratcht face.

1668 T. St. Serfe Tarugo's Wiles ii. 14 He is so circled with predestinat Hectors, that the attaque will be as dangerous as to storm a Battery charg'd with small shot.

1706 Hist. Picts (ESTC T142053) xi. 56 Empires and Monarchies..are subject to alteration and change, neither can they..Escape their Predestinate Ruines and fatal Subversions.

1741 H. Brooke Constantia in Poet. Wks. (1792) II. 356 High trust and grace her winning sweetness gain'd;Till she to Rome, predestinate event! Associate with her lord and mistress went.

1824 tr. E. De Jouy Sylla ii. vii. 47 Beneath the fate predestinate to fall Upon our heads, calmly I march amidst A thousand tempests.

1895 T. Hardy Jude i. vii. 49 The predestinate Jude sprang up and across the room.

1932 Times 15 June 14/7 The huge vehicle thus got under way..is ‘not a bus but a tram’, which will move in predestinate grooves.

1954 V. Ehrenberg Sophocles & Pericles vii. 162 There is nothing..that could prevent us from believing that there was, as it were, a ‘predestinate’ inner harmony which prevailed throughout.

1984 W. Golding Paper Men xi. 125 To contemplate the nature of predestinate insects or, moving up-market, Lobsters and crabs.

B. n.

Chiefly Theology. A person predestined to salvation or eternal life; one of God's elect. Also as plural with the: God's elect as a class.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > aspects of faith > spirituality > salvation, redemption > [noun] > person

Israelitec1384

chooselinga1400

predestinate1529

elect1532

Zionite1596

comprehensor1651

sanctificationist1868

1529 T. More Dialogue Heresyes ii, in Wks. 181/2 Yet may it be that there bee none other in it than predestinates.

?1573 H. Cheke tr. F. Negri Freewyl iv. iii. 166 The elect & predestinate, or the fore appoynted of God to saluation in Iesus Christe,..are called by hym with the inwarde callyng of the holy ghost, and the outwarde calling of his word.

1602 W. Watson Decacordon Ten Quodlibeticall Questions 92 These Anabaptisticall heretickes, how boldly they dare censure of all others, and auouch themselues predestinates.

a1677 J. Taylor Contempl. State Man (1684) i. xi. 125 The Reprobates being then in the Valley of Jehosaphat, and the predestinate in the Air.

1833 J. Waterworth tr. F. Véron Rule Catholic Faith 144 Can the predestinate be lost, or the reprobate saved?

1884 A. De Vere Poet. Wks. VI. ii. 362 May Thy fair, strong Sons, Thronging through heaven, Thine Angels and Thy Saints The Hierarchies of Thy Predestinate, In triumph hymn Thee.

1905 G. G. Coulton in Contemp. Rev. Aug. 222 He [sc. Newman] would have found himself in far closer and more inevitable contact with these self-elected Predestinates.

1945 B. Russell Hist. Western Philos. ii. i. iv. 357 In this world, the two cities—the earthly and the heavenly—are commingled; but hereafter the predestinate and the reprobate will be separated.

1965 Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc. 55 8/1 According to predestinarian ecclesiology..no amount of sinning could deprive one of the predestinate of his happy status.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

predestinatev.

Brit.

/ˌpriːˈdɛstᵻneɪt/,

/prᵻˈdɛstɪneɪt/, U.S.

/priˈdɛstəˌneɪt/

Forms: late Middle English (1500s Scottish) predestinat (past tense and past participle), late Middle English–1500s predestinate (past tense and past participle), 1500s predestynate (past participle), 1500s– predestinate.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin praedestināt-, praedestināre.

Etymology: < classical Latin praedestināt-, past participial stem (see -ate suffix³) of praedestināre to appoint or resolve upon beforehand (see note), in post-classical Latin also to foreordain, to predestine to salvation (Vulgate (Epistles, e.g. Romans 8:29, 30), and other Chrisitan writings from 4th cent., after Hellenistic Greek προορίζειν : see preterminable adj.) < prae- pre- prefix + destināre destine v. Compare slightly earlier predestine v.Classical Latin praedestināre is recorded in an isolated attestation in Livy, in the phrase praedestinantis triumphos ‘appointing triumphs beforehand’, but the reading has been disputed and an alternative destinantis triumphos proposed, destināre being extremely common in Livy.

1. Theology.

a. transitive. Of God: to foreordain or pre-appoint (a person) to a particular fate or to do something; to predetermine or foreordain (an outcome, the course of events). Also occasionally intransitive.Many theologians, even those holding the doctrine of God's foreordination of all things, object to, or avoid the use of, the terms predestinate and predestination with reference to the concept of final reprobation. The Westminster Confession also avoids using the terms in this way (cf. quot. 1647).

ΘΚΠ

the world > the supernatural > deity > Christian God > activities of God > [verb (transitive)] > foreordain

ordaina1400

predestinate?c1450

predecree1604

?c1450 Trivet's Life of Constance in F. J. Furnivall Originals & Analogues Canterbury Tales (1876) 230 She..passed in beaulte of vertuous all other, as god had predestinat her to grace and to vertew and to temptacion and to ioye.

1531 T. Elyot Bk. named Gouernour i. xx. sig. kiii^v Whom god..had predestinate to be a great kyng.

c1560 Petition in J. Strype Ann. Reformation (1709) I. xxviii. 294 That God doth foreknow and predestinate all good and goodness, but doth only foreknow, and not predestinate, any evil.

1597 J. Dove Serm. Paules Crosse 14 The absolute will of God..is the cause why some are predestinated to saluation.

1647 Westminster Confession iii. §§3–4 By the decree of God, for the manifestation of His glory, some men and angels are predestinated unto everlasting life, and others foreordained to everlasting death.

1681 J. Oldham Satyrs upon Jesuits 44 Make Fate hang on his Lips, nor Heaven have Pow'r to Predestinate without his leave.

1799 A. Bennett Disc. on Predestination 4 Some..teach that God did not absolutely predestinate any to eternal misery, but that he did predestinate some to everlasting happiness.

1857 F. W. Robertson's Serm. 1st Ser. (ed. 4) ii. 20 God does not predestinate [1855 predestine] men to fail.

1887 W. Smith & H. Wace Dict. Christian Biogr. III. 449/2 These..taught that certain were by God's foreknowledge so predestinated to death that neither Christ's passion nor baptism..could help them.

1888 C. Gore Rom. Catholic Claims (1905) i. 3 (note) Be logical,..said the Calvinist: God predestinates, and therefore man has not free will.

1901 B. J. Kidd 39 Articles II. ii. xvii. 155 The doctrine of Reprobation, according to which all who are not predestinated to eternal life were held to be predestinated to eternal death.

1989 Church Times 18 Aug. 7/4 God does not predestinate anyone to such a fate—despite the theology of Augustine and Calvin.

2004 Chicago Daily Law Bull. (Nexis) 24 Apr. 7 Segregationists purported that blacks were predestinated by God to be servants and that blacks were inferior to whites in every way.

b. transitive. Of God: to predestine to salvation or eternal life; to elect.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > aspects of faith > spirituality > salvation, redemption > save, redeem [verb (transitive)] > by predestination

predestinea1425

predestinatea1500

a1500 tr. Thomas à Kempis De Imitatione Christi (Trin. Dublin) (1893) 146 (MED) I predestinate [L. praescivi] hem before worldes..I am to be blessid aboue all þinges & to be worshipid in euery of hem, whom I haue so graciously magnified & predestinate [L. praedestinavi] withoute eny merites going before.

1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 664/2 He that is predestynate is written in the boke of lyfe.

1582 Bible (Rheims) Rom. viii. 30 And whom he hath predestinated [ Wycliffite bifor ordeyned: Tyndale, Cranmer, Geneva, ordeyned before..appoynted before: 1611 did predestinate: R.V. foreordained]: them also he hath called.

a1657 W. Bradford On Var. Heresies in Coll. Verse (1974) 82 They hold..that..none predestinated be, But only conditionally, And assurance they have none at all, But quite from grace away may fall.

1704 tr. A. de Ovalle Of Kingdom of Chile in A. Churchill & J. Churchill Coll. Voy. III. 139/1 Gentiles, whom he had predestinated by the means of the Gospel.

1747 J. Beach God’s Sovereignty & Universal Love to Souls of Men Reconciled 47 God predestinated those whom he foreknew; whereas you on the contrary teach that God predestinates Men without any Regard to their Faith or good Works.

1895 Colorado Springs Gaz. 18 Aug. 11/2 Where the people sit in log cabins..and discuss..whether he predestinated the elect or elected the predestinated, and all the other complicated conundrums of supralapsarian theology.

1984 J. T. Shawcross in J. H. Sims & L. Ryken Milton & Scriptural Trad. viii. 179 God elected before time began those who were to be saved, but he predestinated those who would be saved through Christ.

2. transitive. gen. To determine or establish in advance, esp. as if by divine will or fate; to compel (a person) as if by predestination; = predestine v. 2.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > will > necessity > fate or destiny as determining events > predestine or predetermine [verb (transitive)]

shapea1000

dightc1000

besee1297

weirda1300

destinec1300

ordainc1390

ettlea1400

destinyc1400

eure1428

fortunec1430

foreordainc1440

order1532

preordain1533

predefine1542

prefine1545

destinate1548

fore-pointa1557

fore-appoint1561

pre-ordinate1565

foreset1573

forepurpose1581

sort1592

predestinate1593

predetermine1601

pre-appoint1603

forecall1613

fatea1616

predesign1630

predeterminate1637

pre-order1640

predestine1642

ordinate1850

foreordinate1858

preset1926

1593 R. Harvey Philadelphus 32 Infinite be that time, which is predestinated for the name of Brute and his Brutans.

1659 W. Chamberlayne Pharonnida i. iii. 40 Those Spirits..unseen move That Engine of the World, mysterious Love, The way that Fate predestinated.

1670 J. Eachard Grounds Contempt of Clergy 14 Not a few are predestinated thither [sc. to the church] by their Friends, from the foresight of a good Benefice.

1730 E. Young Paraphr. Job 228 And with a glance predestinates her prey.

a1735 G. G. Lansdowne Genuine Wks. (1736) I. 130 Love does predestinate our Pity, We choose but whom he first decrees.

a1832 J. Bentham Fragm. on Govt. Pref. to ed. 2, in Wks. (1843) I. 247/1 No such beatification was I predestinated to receive.

1837 T. Hood in Comic Ann. 66 Predestinated (so I felt) for ever to her service.

1862 Times 5 Nov. 7/1 The Emperor..holds his puny foes in the hollow of his hand, and predestinates his legions to conquest.

1928 Gastonia (N. Carolina) Daily Gaz. 24 Jan. 5/1 Several members of the club, mysteriously predestinated to have their cranial hills and dales explored, were brought up..to serve as subjects for the professor's discourse [on phrenology].

1940 Lima (Ohio) News 7 Apr. 1/6 Such seems to be the fate to which this country is predestinated.

1999 Portland (Maine) Press Herald (Nexis) 24 Oct. 1 c As graduates of the first TV generation, we were predestinated to be infatuated with technology.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	predestinate
释义	predestinateadj.n. Brit. /priːˈdɛstᵻnət/, /prᵻˈdɛstᵻnət/, U.S. /priˈdɛstənət/ Forms: Middle English predestynaat, Middle English predestynat, Middle English predestynatt, Middle English prodestinat (probably transmission error), Middle English–1500s predestinat, Middle English–1500s predestynate, Middle English– predestinate; Scottish pre-1700 praedestinat, pre-1700 predestinait, pre-1700 predestinat, pre-1700 predestynate, pre-1700 1700s– predestinate. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin praedestinatus, praedestinātus, praedestināre. Etymology: < post-classical Latin praedestinatus foreordained, predestined, person predestined to eternal life (5th cent.), use as adjective and noun of classical Latin praedestinātus, past participle of praedestināre predestinate v. Compare Middle French, French prédestiné (c1190 in Old French), Old Occitan predestinat (c1300; 14th cent. as noun). A. adj. 1. Theology. a. Destined by divine will, foreordained; predestined to a specified fate or to do something. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > necessity > fate or destiny as determining events > [adjective] > fated or predestined born1357 destinablec1374 destinalc1374 fatalc1374 predestinatec1384 foreordainedc1420 ordinate?a1425 destiny?1473 preordinatea1475 prefinitec1475 pointed1523 predestined1545 determined1546 ordinated1562 predestinated1571 preordained?1580 fore-appointeda1586 predeterminate1601 predetermined1601 destinated1604 destinate1605 destined1609 predesigned1668 predefinite1678 cut and dry1710 fated1715 weirded1820 laid-down1839 foreordinated1858 predesignated1883 predestinatory1893 preset1926 predefined1929 predestine1962 bashert1963 the mind > will > necessity > fate or destiny as determining events > [adjective] > predestined to a specific fate or lot fortunedc1374 predestinatec1384 c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Rom. i. 4 The which is predestynat [a1425 L.V. bifor ordeyned], or bifore ordeyned bi grace, the sone of God in vertu. a1450 (c1435) J. Lydgate Life SS. Edmund & Fremund (Harl.) 618 in C. Horstmann Altengl. Legenden (1881) 2nd Ser. 424 This blissid martir..Afforn predestynat to liff that is eterne. c1475 Life St. Anne (Trin. Cambr.) (1928) 551 (MED) She was predestinat, and none but she, To be the worldes verrey chief comfort. a1500 ( J. Lydgate Q. Margaret's Entry into London 163 in Mod. Lang. Rev. (1912) 7 231 (MED) The ferefull sowne of Trumpe Iudiciall..shall calle Eche man..Who hath wel doon, to lyf predestinate. a1530 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfeccyon (1531) iii. f. Clxxx She that was predestynate to be the mother of god. 1568 Newe Comedie Iacob & Esau v. iv. sig. F.iij^v Esau, thou commest to late, An other to thy blessing was predestinate, And cleane gone it is from thee Esau. 1582 R. Stanyhurst tr. Virgil First Foure Bookes Æneis i. 1 Bi Gods predestinat order. 1649 tr. Alcoran 41 In a time prescribed and predestinate. 1685 W. Clark Grand Tryal iii. xxviii. 238 If we did know such hidden things,..And what to each man were predestinat..The world would split in two, and men should know Too much to damn them all. 1838 H. W. Herbert Cromwell II. ii. vi. 9 I, that was written down before the world began—I, that have been predestinate of old to execute the wrath of the Most Highest, and press the wine-press of his vengeance. 1868 R. Browning Ring & Bk. I. iii. 211 The precious something at perdition's edge, He only was predestinate to save. ?1882 J. A. Allen True & Romantic Love-story Col. & Mrs. Hutchinson 67 Our love was, as our life, predestinate, Sure, from the first, writ in the book of God. 1902 H. E. B.-H. King Hours of Passion 16 Here I abide, bound, fixed, predestinate. Thou needest me,—yes, even to complete The last faint passage of Thy failing feet. 1990 Times (Nexis) 15 Oct. (Sport section) Only the Calvinists, I think, have believed in predestinate damnation, and surely they don't still hold that belief? b. Of a person: predestined by God to salvation or eternal life. Cf. elect adj. 2a. ΘΚΠ society > faith > aspects of faith > spirituality > salvation, redemption > doctrine of salvation > [adjective] > predestinarianism > characterized by predestinatec1400 predestinated1571 c1400 J. Wyclif Sel. Eng. Wks. (1871) III. 426 (MED) If þo pope asked me wheþer I were ordeyned to be saved, or predestynate, I wolde sey þat I hoped so. a1450 (c1400–25) H. Legat Serm. Passion in D. M. Grisdale 3 Middle Eng. Serm. (1939) 4 (MED) Prey him..þat he wille of his gret grace clepe ȝow in his calling & numbur ȝow a-mong hem þat ben predestinat from þe biginning. c1535 M. Nisbet New Test. in Scots (1905) III. Prol. to Rom. 341 To searse the boddumless secrettis of Godis predestinatiounn, quhiddir thai be predestynate or nocht. 1630 J. Downane Summe Sacred Divinity ii. i. 290 Euery particular person is thus predestinate. 1757 E. Perronet Mitre (new ed.) iii. cxxx.166 How many self-deceiv'd: Themselves predestinate believ'd... Trifled with God, till left alone: They're irretrievably undone: To swift destruction brought. 1926 P. Van Dyke Ignatius Loyola xiii. 208 He..wrote that the idea, that some not predestinate can be saved, was not officially declared heretical. 1960 F. P. Wilson 17th Cent. Prose ii. 43 Good men..come to believe that God has forsaken them, that they are not predestinate. 2. gen. Destined or fated, esp. to a particular office, condition, type of existence, etc. ΚΠ ?1528 La Conusaunce Damours sig. d iv It is predestinate Vnto me: most wretched creature For to haue this miserable state And infinite sorowe to endure. ?a1534 H. Medwall Nature i. sig. ciiii He ys predestynate to be a prynces pere. 1600 W. Shakespeare Much Ado about Nothing i. i. 128 So some Gentleman or other shall scape a predestinate scratcht face. View more context for this quotation 1668 T. St. Serfe Tarugo's Wiles ii. 14 He is so circled with predestinat Hectors, that the attaque will be as dangerous as to storm a Battery charg'd with small shot. 1706 Hist. Picts (ESTC T142053) xi. 56 Empires and Monarchies..are subject to alteration and change, neither can they..Escape their Predestinate Ruines and fatal Subversions. 1741 H. Brooke Constantia in Poet. Wks. (1792) II. 356 High trust and grace her winning sweetness gain'd;Till she to Rome, predestinate event! Associate with her lord and mistress went. 1824 tr. E. De Jouy Sylla ii. vii. 47 Beneath the fate predestinate to fall Upon our heads, calmly I march amidst A thousand tempests. 1895 T. Hardy Jude i. vii. 49 The predestinate Jude sprang up and across the room. 1932 Times 15 June 14/7 The huge vehicle thus got under way..is ‘not a bus but a tram’, which will move in predestinate grooves. 1954 V. Ehrenberg Sophocles & Pericles vii. 162 There is nothing..that could prevent us from believing that there was, as it were, a ‘predestinate’ inner harmony which prevailed throughout. 1984 W. Golding Paper Men xi. 125 To contemplate the nature of predestinate insects or, moving up-market, Lobsters and crabs. B. n. Chiefly Theology. A person predestined to salvation or eternal life; one of God's elect. Also as plural with the: God's elect as a class. ΘΚΠ society > faith > aspects of faith > spirituality > salvation, redemption > [noun] > person Israelitec1384 chooselinga1400 predestinate1529 elect1532 Zionite1596 comprehensor1651 sanctificationist1868 1529 T. More Dialogue Heresyes ii, in Wks. 181/2 Yet may it be that there bee none other in it than predestinates. ?1573 H. Cheke tr. F. Negri Freewyl iv. iii. 166 The elect & predestinate, or the fore appoynted of God to saluation in Iesus Christe,..are called by hym with the inwarde callyng of the holy ghost, and the outwarde calling of his word. 1602 W. Watson Decacordon Ten Quodlibeticall Questions 92 These Anabaptisticall heretickes, how boldly they dare censure of all others, and auouch themselues predestinates. a1677 J. Taylor Contempl. State Man (1684) i. xi. 125 The Reprobates being then in the Valley of Jehosaphat, and the predestinate in the Air. 1833 J. Waterworth tr. F. Véron Rule Catholic Faith 144 Can the predestinate be lost, or the reprobate saved? 1884 A. De Vere Poet. Wks. VI. ii. 362 May Thy fair, strong Sons, Thronging through heaven, Thine Angels and Thy Saints The Hierarchies of Thy Predestinate, In triumph hymn Thee. 1905 G. G. Coulton in Contemp. Rev. Aug. 222 He [sc. Newman] would have found himself in far closer and more inevitable contact with these self-elected Predestinates. 1945 B. Russell Hist. Western Philos. ii. i. iv. 357 In this world, the two cities—the earthly and the heavenly—are commingled; but hereafter the predestinate and the reprobate will be separated. 1965 Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc. 55 8/1 According to predestinarian ecclesiology..no amount of sinning could deprive one of the predestinate of his happy status. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022). predestinatev. Brit. /ˌpriːˈdɛstᵻneɪt/, /prᵻˈdɛstɪneɪt/, U.S. /priˈdɛstəˌneɪt/ Forms: late Middle English (1500s Scottish) predestinat (past tense and past participle), late Middle English–1500s predestinate (past tense and past participle), 1500s predestynate (past participle), 1500s– predestinate. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin praedestināt-, praedestināre. Etymology: < classical Latin praedestināt-, past participial stem (see -ate suffix³) of praedestināre to appoint or resolve upon beforehand (see note), in post-classical Latin also to foreordain, to predestine to salvation (Vulgate (Epistles, e.g. Romans 8:29, 30), and other Chrisitan writings from 4th cent., after Hellenistic Greek προορίζειν : see preterminable adj.) < prae- pre- prefix + destināre destine v. Compare slightly earlier predestine v.Classical Latin praedestināre is recorded in an isolated attestation in Livy, in the phrase praedestinantis triumphos ‘appointing triumphs beforehand’, but the reading has been disputed and an alternative destinantis triumphos proposed, destināre being extremely common in Livy. 1. Theology. a. transitive. Of God: to foreordain or pre-appoint (a person) to a particular fate or to do something; to predetermine or foreordain (an outcome, the course of events). Also occasionally intransitive.Many theologians, even those holding the doctrine of God's foreordination of all things, object to, or avoid the use of, the terms predestinate and predestination with reference to the concept of final reprobation. The Westminster Confession also avoids using the terms in this way (cf. quot. 1647). ΘΚΠ the world > the supernatural > deity > Christian God > activities of God > [verb (transitive)] > foreordain ordaina1400 predestinate?c1450 predecree1604 ?c1450 Trivet's Life of Constance in F. J. Furnivall Originals & Analogues Canterbury Tales (1876) 230 She..passed in beaulte of vertuous all other, as god had predestinat her to grace and to vertew and to temptacion and to ioye. 1531 T. Elyot Bk. named Gouernour i. xx. sig. kiii^v Whom god..had predestinate to be a great kyng. c1560 Petition in J. Strype Ann. Reformation (1709) I. xxviii. 294 That God doth foreknow and predestinate all good and goodness, but doth only foreknow, and not predestinate, any evil. 1597 J. Dove Serm. Paules Crosse 14 The absolute will of God..is the cause why some are predestinated to saluation. 1647 Westminster Confession iii. §§3–4 By the decree of God, for the manifestation of His glory, some men and angels are predestinated unto everlasting life, and others foreordained to everlasting death. 1681 J. Oldham Satyrs upon Jesuits 44 Make Fate hang on his Lips, nor Heaven have Pow'r to Predestinate without his leave. 1799 A. Bennett Disc. on Predestination 4 Some..teach that God did not absolutely predestinate any to eternal misery, but that he did predestinate some to everlasting happiness. 1857 F. W. Robertson's Serm. 1st Ser. (ed. 4) ii. 20 God does not predestinate [1855 predestine] men to fail. 1887 W. Smith & H. Wace Dict. Christian Biogr. III. 449/2 These..taught that certain were by God's foreknowledge so predestinated to death that neither Christ's passion nor baptism..could help them. 1888 C. Gore Rom. Catholic Claims (1905) i. 3 (note) Be logical,..said the Calvinist: God predestinates, and therefore man has not free will. 1901 B. J. Kidd 39 Articles II. ii. xvii. 155 The doctrine of Reprobation, according to which all who are not predestinated to eternal life were held to be predestinated to eternal death. 1989 Church Times 18 Aug. 7/4 God does not predestinate anyone to such a fate—despite the theology of Augustine and Calvin. 2004 Chicago Daily Law Bull. (Nexis) 24 Apr. 7 Segregationists purported that blacks were predestinated by God to be servants and that blacks were inferior to whites in every way. b. transitive. Of God: to predestine to salvation or eternal life; to elect. ΘΚΠ society > faith > aspects of faith > spirituality > salvation, redemption > save, redeem [verb (transitive)] > by predestination predestinea1425 predestinatea1500 a1500 tr. Thomas à Kempis De Imitatione Christi (Trin. Dublin) (1893) 146 (MED) I predestinate [L. praescivi] hem before worldes..I am to be blessid aboue all þinges & to be worshipid in euery of hem, whom I haue so graciously magnified & predestinate [L. praedestinavi] withoute eny merites going before. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 664/2 He that is predestynate is written in the boke of lyfe. 1582 Bible (Rheims) Rom. viii. 30 And whom he hath predestinated [ Wycliffite bifor ordeyned: Tyndale, Cranmer, Geneva, ordeyned before..appoynted before: 1611 did predestinate: R.V. foreordained]: them also he hath called. a1657 W. Bradford On Var. Heresies in Coll. Verse (1974) 82 They hold..that..none predestinated be, But only conditionally, And assurance they have none at all, But quite from grace away may fall. 1704 tr. A. de Ovalle Of Kingdom of Chile in A. Churchill & J. Churchill Coll. Voy. III. 139/1 Gentiles, whom he had predestinated by the means of the Gospel. 1747 J. Beach God’s Sovereignty & Universal Love to Souls of Men Reconciled 47 God predestinated those whom he foreknew; whereas you on the contrary teach that God predestinates Men without any Regard to their Faith or good Works. 1895 Colorado Springs Gaz. 18 Aug. 11/2 Where the people sit in log cabins..and discuss..whether he predestinated the elect or elected the predestinated, and all the other complicated conundrums of supralapsarian theology. 1984 J. T. Shawcross in J. H. Sims & L. Ryken Milton & Scriptural Trad. viii. 179 God elected before time began those who were to be saved, but he predestinated those who would be saved through Christ. 2. transitive. gen. To determine or establish in advance, esp. as if by divine will or fate; to compel (a person) as if by predestination; = predestine v. 2. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > necessity > fate or destiny as determining events > predestine or predetermine [verb (transitive)] shapea1000 dightc1000 besee1297 weirda1300 destinec1300 ordainc1390 ettlea1400 destinyc1400 eure1428 fortunec1430 foreordainc1440 order1532 preordain1533 predefine1542 prefine1545 destinate1548 fore-pointa1557 fore-appoint1561 pre-ordinate1565 foreset1573 forepurpose1581 sort1592 predestinate1593 predetermine1601 pre-appoint1603 forecall1613 fatea1616 predesign1630 predeterminate1637 pre-order1640 predestine1642 ordinate1850 foreordinate1858 preset1926 1593 R. Harvey Philadelphus 32 Infinite be that time, which is predestinated for the name of Brute and his Brutans. 1659 W. Chamberlayne Pharonnida i. iii. 40 Those Spirits..unseen move That Engine of the World, mysterious Love, The way that Fate predestinated. 1670 J. Eachard Grounds Contempt of Clergy 14 Not a few are predestinated thither [sc. to the church] by their Friends, from the foresight of a good Benefice. 1730 E. Young Paraphr. Job 228 And with a glance predestinates her prey. a1735 G. G. Lansdowne Genuine Wks. (1736) I. 130 Love does predestinate our Pity, We choose but whom he first decrees. a1832 J. Bentham Fragm. on Govt. Pref. to ed. 2, in Wks. (1843) I. 247/1 No such beatification was I predestinated to receive. 1837 T. Hood in Comic Ann. 66 Predestinated (so I felt) for ever to her service. 1862 Times 5 Nov. 7/1 The Emperor..holds his puny foes in the hollow of his hand, and predestinates his legions to conquest. 1928 Gastonia (N. Carolina) Daily Gaz. 24 Jan. 5/1 Several members of the club, mysteriously predestinated to have their cranial hills and dales explored, were brought up..to serve as subjects for the professor's discourse [on phrenology]. 1940 Lima (Ohio) News 7 Apr. 1/6 Such seems to be the fate to which this country is predestinated. 1999 Portland (Maine) Press Herald (Nexis) 24 Oct. 1 c As graduates of the first TV generation, we were predestinated to be infatuated with technology. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.n.c1384v.?c1450
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