pouldronn.

Brit.

/ˈpəʊldrən/, U.S.

/ˈpoʊldrən/

Forms:

α. late Middle English palern, late Middle English palrun, 1500s paleron, 1500s 1700s– pauldron Brit. /ˈpɔːldrən/, U.S. /ˈpɔldrən/, 1800s paldron.

β. late Middle English polleron, late Middle English polrond, late Middle English–1500s polron, 1500s pollarone, 1500s pollerone, 1500s polrynge.

γ. 1500s polderne, 1500s poldrand, 1500s poldrone, 1500s pollderon, 1500s 1800s poldron, 1500s–1600s poldren, 1500s–1600s pouldern, 1500s–1600s poulderon, 1500s– pouldron, 1600s 1800s powldron, 1600s 1800s puldron (Scottish).

Origin: Of uncertain origin. Probably a borrowing from French. Etymons: French espauleron; French paleron.

Etymology: Origin uncertain. Probably partly aphetic < Middle French espauleron shoulder plate (although this is apparently first attested later in this sense: 1498; also as espalleron (1530 in Palsgrave); see below), and partly a transferred use of Middle French paleron shoulder blade (1394; now chiefly denoting a piece of meat from the shoulder of an animal (1690 in this sense)) < pale blade of an oar (see pale n.³) + -eron , diminutive suffix. Middle French espauleron shows a transferred use of espauleron shoulder blade (1436), apparently an alteration (after paleron ) of a derivative of espalle , espaule shoulder (see epaule n.; compare Old French espaldon shoulder blade (end of the 11th cent. in a gloss in Rashi)). Compare spaudeler n.The γ. forms (now standard) show development of an epenthetic d in the consonant cluster -lr-. It is unclear whether the following should to be taken as showing early currency of the Middle English word or an (apparently otherwise unattested) Anglo-Norman form:1397 in Sussex Archæol. Coll. (1953) 91 46 2 paltrons bordurez de laton.a1427 in C. M. Woolgar Househ. Accts. Medieval Eng. (1992) II. 637 Et in denariis solutis pro i pare de palrons iiii d.

Now historical.

1. A piece of armour covering the shoulder; a shoulder plate. Also in extended use.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > military equipment > armour > body armour > [noun] > shoulder armour

pouldrona1396

spaudelera1400

ailettec1440

haute-piecea1500

pollet1548

shoulder-piece1580

epaulette1824

shoulder shield1824

shoulder cap1830

scale1846

shoulder plate1846

α.

a1396 in J. H. Wylie Hist. Eng. Henry IV (1898) IV. 169 1 palrun of 3 pieces.

1439 in P. E. Jones Cal. Plea & Mem. Rolls London Guildhall (1954) V. 19 (MED) [One] curas..[2] garbrase, [2] palerns, [4 s. 8 d.].

1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 251/1 Paleron, a pece of harnesse, espalleron.

1594 R. Ashley tr. L. le Roy Interchangeable Course iii. f. 30 Gorgets, pauldrons, vantbrasses, tasses.

1724 A. Crossly Signification Most Things in Heraldry 42 Gantlet, Curasse, Shield..Pauldron, Corselet [etc.].

1834 J. R. Planché Hist. Brit. Costume 186 Shoulders..covered with overlapping plates called pauldrons.

1869 C. Boutell tr. J. P. Lacombe Arms & Armour x. 204 When the shoulders were covered by the reinforce-plates, they were distinguished as pauldrons.

1940 T. H. White Ill-made Knight ii. 13 He had to teach himself to possess a sound opinion upon hundreds of disputed points: upon the proper length of weapons, or the cut of a mantling, or the articulation of a pauldron.

1996 Guardian 24 Feb. (Guide Suppl.) 4/3 I wore my biceps and triceps as pauldrons and greaves. In city-strife, they were my armour, forged from 400-pound bench presses and 500-pound squats.

β. 1454 in P. E. Jones Cal. Plea & Mem. Rolls London Guildhall (1954) V. 146 (MED) [7 pairs of] gardebras [and] pollerons [at 3 s. 4 d. the pair].1465 M. Paston in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) I. 300 Wykys delyueryd..ij payre polrondys.1474–5 in J. Raine Testamenta Eboracensia (1865) III. 215 (MED) j harnesse completum, j polron excepto.1555 W. Waterman tr. J. Boemus Fardle of Facions ii. ix. 200 Their pollerones are garnished with golde.1579 T. North tr. Plutarch Liues 645 With both handes striued..to rent their polrons from their shoulders.γ. 1544 in Lett. & Papers Henry VIII XIX. i. 465 Pollderon.1581 T. Styward Pathwaie to Martiall Discipline i. 44 The poldrens with the Vambraces.1603 G. Owen Descr. Penbrokshire (1892) 126 His [sc. the lobster's] compleate Armour..his tases, vauntbraces, powldrons, Coushes.1654 Earl of Monmouth tr. G. Bentivoglio Compl. Hist. Warrs Flanders 401 There he raised three new redoubts, which were by a popular word of souldiery called Pouldrons.1796 R. Southey Joan of Arc viii. 454 Lifting high the deadly battle axe, Through pouldron and through shoulder deeply driven.1809 M. Holford Wallace iv. xxxvi. 146 Clifford's bright axe, with thundering stroke, The pouldron's massy rivets broke.1878 Times 19 Mar. 6/3 A suit of the time of Charles I., with large pouldrons and long tassets.1993 Jrnl. Warburg & Courtauld Inst. 56 207 [The mask's] associations are reinforced by the lion masks on his boots and pouldrons.

2. pouldron to pouldron: shoulder to shoulder. rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > military operations > distribution of troops > formation > [adjective] > in close formation

shoulder to shouldera1586

pouldron to pouldron1598

serried1667

1598 R. Barret Theorike & Pract. Mod. Warres iii. 37 Causing them to march vp close pouldron to pouldron.

1672 T. Venn Mil. & Maritine Discipline i. vii. 15 A Rank is a Row of men uncertain in Number: Pouldron to Pouldron.

1898 N. Munro John Splendid vi. 60 To hear the orders, ‘Pouldron to pouldron; keep your files; and middlemen come forth!’ was like an echo from my old days in Germanie.

1942 Lethbridge (Alberta) Herald 4 Apr. 2/3 Any home guard Platoon would be better learning how to fight, pouldron to pouldron..than drilling..with one Lee-Enfield between six.

Derivatives

† pouldroned adj. Obsolete rare armed with a pouldron.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > military equipment > armour > body armour > [adjective] > wearing shoulder armour

pouldroned1688

1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory (1905) iii. xvii. 109/2 He beareth Azure, a sinister Arme vambraced, and pouldroned.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2006; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	pouldron
释义	pouldronn. Brit. /ˈpəʊldrən/, U.S. /ˈpoʊldrən/ Forms: α. late Middle English palern, late Middle English palrun, 1500s paleron, 1500s 1700s– pauldron Brit. /ˈpɔːldrən/, U.S. /ˈpɔldrən/, 1800s paldron. β. late Middle English polleron, late Middle English polrond, late Middle English–1500s polron, 1500s pollarone, 1500s pollerone, 1500s polrynge. γ. 1500s polderne, 1500s poldrand, 1500s poldrone, 1500s pollderon, 1500s 1800s poldron, 1500s–1600s poldren, 1500s–1600s pouldern, 1500s–1600s poulderon, 1500s– pouldron, 1600s 1800s powldron, 1600s 1800s puldron (Scottish). Origin: Of uncertain origin. Probably a borrowing from French. Etymons: French espauleron; French paleron. Etymology: Origin uncertain. Probably partly aphetic < Middle French espauleron shoulder plate (although this is apparently first attested later in this sense: 1498; also as espalleron (1530 in Palsgrave); see below), and partly a transferred use of Middle French paleron shoulder blade (1394; now chiefly denoting a piece of meat from the shoulder of an animal (1690 in this sense)) < pale blade of an oar (see pale n.³) + -eron , diminutive suffix. Middle French espauleron shows a transferred use of espauleron shoulder blade (1436), apparently an alteration (after paleron ) of a derivative of espalle , espaule shoulder (see epaule n.; compare Old French espaldon shoulder blade (end of the 11th cent. in a gloss in Rashi)). Compare spaudeler n.The γ. forms (now standard) show development of an epenthetic d in the consonant cluster -lr-. It is unclear whether the following should to be taken as showing early currency of the Middle English word or an (apparently otherwise unattested) Anglo-Norman form:1397 in Sussex Archæol. Coll. (1953) 91 46 2 paltrons bordurez de laton.a1427 in C. M. Woolgar Househ. Accts. Medieval Eng. (1992) II. 637 Et in denariis solutis pro i pare de palrons iiii d. Now historical. 1. A piece of armour covering the shoulder; a shoulder plate. Also in extended use. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military equipment > armour > body armour > [noun] > shoulder armour pouldrona1396 spaudelera1400 ailettec1440 haute-piecea1500 pollet1548 shoulder-piece1580 epaulette1824 shoulder shield1824 shoulder cap1830 scale1846 shoulder plate1846 α. a1396 in J. H. Wylie Hist. Eng. Henry IV (1898) IV. 169 1 palrun of 3 pieces. 1439 in P. E. Jones Cal. Plea & Mem. Rolls London Guildhall (1954) V. 19 (MED) [One] curas..[2] garbrase, [2] palerns, [4 s. 8 d.]. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 251/1 Paleron, a pece of harnesse, espalleron. 1594 R. Ashley tr. L. le Roy Interchangeable Course iii. f. 30 Gorgets, pauldrons, vantbrasses, tasses. 1724 A. Crossly Signification Most Things in Heraldry 42 Gantlet, Curasse, Shield..Pauldron, Corselet [etc.]. 1834 J. R. Planché Hist. Brit. Costume 186 Shoulders..covered with overlapping plates called pauldrons. 1869 C. Boutell tr. J. P. Lacombe Arms & Armour x. 204 When the shoulders were covered by the reinforce-plates, they were distinguished as pauldrons. 1940 T. H. White Ill-made Knight ii. 13 He had to teach himself to possess a sound opinion upon hundreds of disputed points: upon the proper length of weapons, or the cut of a mantling, or the articulation of a pauldron. 1996 Guardian 24 Feb. (Guide Suppl.) 4/3 I wore my biceps and triceps as pauldrons and greaves. In city-strife, they were my armour, forged from 400-pound bench presses and 500-pound squats. β. 1454 in P. E. Jones Cal. Plea & Mem. Rolls London Guildhall (1954) V. 146 (MED) [7 pairs of] gardebras [and] pollerons [at 3 s. 4 d. the pair].1465 M. Paston in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) I. 300 Wykys delyueryd..ij payre polrondys.1474–5 in J. Raine Testamenta Eboracensia (1865) III. 215 (MED) j harnesse completum, j polron excepto.1555 W. Waterman tr. J. Boemus Fardle of Facions ii. ix. 200 Their pollerones are garnished with golde.1579 T. North tr. Plutarch Liues 645 With both handes striued..to rent their polrons from their shoulders.γ. 1544 in Lett. & Papers Henry VIII XIX. i. 465 Pollderon.1581 T. Styward Pathwaie to Martiall Discipline i. 44 The poldrens with the Vambraces.1603 G. Owen Descr. Penbrokshire (1892) 126 His [sc. the lobster's] compleate Armour..his tases, vauntbraces, powldrons, Coushes.1654 Earl of Monmouth tr. G. Bentivoglio Compl. Hist. Warrs Flanders 401 There he raised three new redoubts, which were by a popular word of souldiery called Pouldrons.1796 R. Southey Joan of Arc viii. 454 Lifting high the deadly battle axe, Through pouldron and through shoulder deeply driven.1809 M. Holford Wallace iv. xxxvi. 146 Clifford's bright axe, with thundering stroke, The pouldron's massy rivets broke.1878 Times 19 Mar. 6/3 A suit of the time of Charles I., with large pouldrons and long tassets.1993 Jrnl. Warburg & Courtauld Inst. 56 207 [The mask's] associations are reinforced by the lion masks on his boots and pouldrons. 2. pouldron to pouldron: shoulder to shoulder. rare. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military operations > distribution of troops > formation > [adjective] > in close formation shoulder to shouldera1586 pouldron to pouldron1598 serried1667 1598 R. Barret Theorike & Pract. Mod. Warres iii. 37 Causing them to march vp close pouldron to pouldron. 1672 T. Venn Mil. & Maritine Discipline i. vii. 15 A Rank is a Row of men uncertain in Number: Pouldron to Pouldron. 1898 N. Munro John Splendid vi. 60 To hear the orders, ‘Pouldron to pouldron; keep your files; and middlemen come forth!’ was like an echo from my old days in Germanie. 1942 Lethbridge (Alberta) Herald 4 Apr. 2/3 Any home guard Platoon would be better learning how to fight, pouldron to pouldron..than drilling..with one Lee-Enfield between six. Derivatives † pouldroned adj. Obsolete rare armed with a pouldron. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military equipment > armour > body armour > [adjective] > wearing shoulder armour pouldroned1688 1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory (1905) iii. xvii. 109/2 He beareth Azure, a sinister Arme vambraced, and pouldroned. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2006; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.a1396
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