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单词 postfix
释义

postfixn.adj.

Brit. /ˈpəʊs(t)fɪks/, U.S. /ˈpoʊs(t)ˌfɪks/
Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: post- prefix, prefix n.
Etymology: < post- prefix + -fix (in prefix n.).
A. n.
Grammar and Linguistics. An element (e.g. -ly) added to the end of a word; a suffix.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > morphology > morpheme > [noun] > affix > suffix
termisona1400
termination1495
paragoge1577
paragogic1593
desinence1598
terminative1649
suffix1778
subfix1795
postfix1805
ending1864
postbase1958
1805 G. Dyer Restor. Anc. Modes bestowing Names 43 Diminutive postfixes were added to the names of streams, &c.—Sruth is Gaelic for stream; Sruthan is little stream.
1841 Ladies Repository 164/1 Though Dr. Clarke admits..that the original tongue was composed of monosyllables, yet he says the Hebrew, stripped of its points, prefixes, suffixes, and postfixes, would nearly answer this character.
1881 Nature 6 Jan. 220/2 The structure of the language is entirely different, being highly agglutinating, and employing both pre- and post-fixes.
1942 Amer. Speech 17 10 The transfer of a postfix or infix without accompanying transfer of its meaning is familiar enough in English, however; an Arkansawyer is no kind of sawyer.
1967 Language 43 375 An analysis of the English personal pronouns is proposed in which they are morphemically segmented into three components—a prefix indicating person, a bound base that is the ‘pronomial base’, and a final component that is wither a case suffix or a postfix of gender.
1985 Los Angeles Times (Nexis) 13 Oct. (Mag.) 52 There are 800 hieroglyphic symbols [in the Mayan language], and every glyph has variable affixes. That means there can be prefixes (above or to the left of the glyph), postfixes (below or to the right of the glyph) or infixes (incorporated in the glyph itself).
B. adj. (attributive).
Computing. Designating a form of notation used for algebraic formulae, in which operators follow their operands (as in the system commonly called ‘reverse Polish notation’ (see reverse adj. and adv. Compounds 2)).
ΚΠ
1958 Math. Tables & Other Aids Computation 12 260 The built-in B-registers are not referred to directly; a postfix method of indexing variables is used.
1977 IEEE Trans. Computers 26 185 The topology of this class of microcellular array is more apparent in postfix notation than in conventional notation.
1990 E. Horowitz & S. Sahni Fund. Data Structures in Pascal (ed. 3) iii. 130 The answer is given by reworking the expression into a form we call postfix notation.
2002 Design News (Nexis) 21 Jan. 10 Even after such contests, most people were unable to understand the idea that infix notation is no more sensible than postfix notation, or prefix notation for that matter.

Derivatives

postˈfixal adj. rare of the nature of a postfix; characterized by postfixes.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > morphology > morpheme > [adjective] > relating to affixes > suffixed or relating to suffixes
paragogical1607
paragogic1705
postpositive1712
terminational1765
desinential1818
postfixed1839
postpositional1850
suffixed1869
suffixal1874
postfixal1887
postfixial1893
suffixual1901
postmedial1958
1887 A. H. Sayce in Jrnl. Anthropol. Inst. Nov. 170 The postfixal languages of central Asia.
1997 M. Haspelmath Indefinite Pronouns iii. 22 Case inflections are normally inside the indefiniteness marker. This is best illustrated with a postfixal indefiniteness marker like Latin -dam in qui-dam, or Georgian -me in ra-me.
postfixial adj. Obsolete rare = postfixal adj.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > morphology > morpheme > [adjective] > relating to affixes > suffixed or relating to suffixes
paragogical1607
paragogic1705
postpositive1712
terminational1765
desinential1818
postfixed1839
postpositional1850
suffixed1869
suffixal1874
postfixal1887
postfixial1893
suffixual1901
postmedial1958
1893 T. de C. Atkins Kelt or Gael i. 7 The expressions prefixial, postfixial, and polysynthetic are distributed among the groups.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

postfixv.

Brit. /ˌpəʊs(t)ˈfɪks/, U.S. /ˌpoʊs(t)ˈfɪks/
Origin: Probably of multiple origins. Formed within English, by derivation. Probably also partly formed within English, by conversion. Etymons: post- prefix, fix v.; postfix n.
Etymology: < post- prefix + fix v. In sense 1 after prefix v. (see senses 4 and 6 at that entry); compare French postfixé , adjective (see postfixed adj.1). In later use in sense 1 probably also partly < postfix n. With postfixing n. at Derivatives compare earlier prefixing n.
1. transitive. To add after, or at the end; (Grammar and Linguistics) to append as a postfix (to a word, etc.).
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > morphology > morpheme > use morphemes [verb (transitive)] > add as prefix or suffix
prefix1605
suffix1778
postfix1823
preplace1905
society > leisure > the arts > literature > a written composition > parts of a written composition > write parts of composition [verb (transitive)] > write as appendix
annex1397
appendicatea1676
appendice1702
appendix1757
postfix1823
1823 G. S. Faber Treat. Christian Dispensations I. vii. 358 See Bishop Sherlock's Dissert. i. postfixed to his Discourses on Prophecy.
1835 Fraser's Mag. 11 619 How impossible it is that he should prefix a Sir, and postfix at the same time the Bart. to his name.
1862 T. S. Green Gram. New Test. 49 in New Englander (New Haven, Connecticut) (1872) Oct. 609 Either placed between the article and the noun, or postfixed with the article repeated.
1928 Bull. School Oriental Stud. 4 808 Possessives:- These are formed by postfixing the personal pronoun.
1984 Man 19 570 Appa- and amma contrast, reciprocally, with maga- ‘child of-’ and this term is extended collaterally not only to parallel kin but also to cross kin, the latter of which are distinguished, therefore, not by ‘radically’ different terms but only by post-fixing maru- to maga-.
2004 Birmingham Evening Mail (Nexis) 4 Feb. 19 Even he had a touch of the David Brent with his ‘yeah?’ postfixed to every other statement.
2. transitive. Biology. To treat with a fixative after carrying out some other process; spec. to treat with a second fixative; to fix again after a previous fixation. Also intransitive.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > biology > laboratory analysis > processes > [verb (transitive)] > fixation
fix1878
postosmicate1933
postfix1955
prefix1961
1955 R. C. Mellors Analyt. Cytol. i. 16 The most successful compromise between the demands of morphology and of nucleoprotein analysis has resulted from freezing tissues at the temperature of liquid nitrogen and drying and postfixing in ethyl alcohol.
1960 D. C. Pease Histol. Techniques Electron Microscopy iii. 49 The small blocks are washed..in the buffer, and then postfixed in buffered osmium tetroxide.
1976 Nature 5 Aug. 494/2 The tissue was immediately fixed in collidine-buffered glutaraldehyde and after a short buffer rinse, postfixed in osmium tetroxide.
1993 European Jrnl. Phycol. 28 4/1 The cells were postfixed for 1 h in 1% cold osmium tetroxide in 0.1 M cacodylate buffer, rinsed in buffer for 10 min, and dehydrated in an ethanol series.

Derivatives

postˈfixing n.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > morphology > morpheme > [noun] > affix > suffix > use or addition of
suffixion1860
postfixing1868
suffixment1879
suffixation1899
1868 S. Deutsch New Pract. Hebrew Gram. x. 108 The derivation is effected in the same manner as with verbs..by augmentation, i.e. the prefixing or postfixing of one or more of the formative letters.
1897 G. B. Gray in Expositor Sept. 184 In post-exilic names the post-fixing occurs many times more frequently than the prefixing.
1999 Proc. National Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 96 14589/2 This procedure was followed by postfixing in 1% osmium tetroxide.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.adj.1805v.1823
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