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单词 postero-
释义

postero-comb. form

Stress is usually determined by a subsequent element and vowels may be reduced accordingly.
Origin: A borrowing from Latin, combined with an English element. Etymons: Latin posterus , -o- connective.
Etymology: < classical Latin posterus later, future, next ( < post after: see post- prefix) + -o- connective. Compare antero- comb. form.Found from the first half of the 19th cent. in a small number of scientific formations exemplified below. Combining with second elements ultimately of Latin origin.
Chiefly Anatomy and Zoology.
1. Forming adjectives and corresponding adverbs chiefly with the sense ‘posterior and ——’.
postero-external adj.
Brit. /ˌpɒstərəʊᵻkˈstəːnl/
,
/ˌpɒstərəʊɛkˈstəːnl/
,
U.S. /ˌpɑstəroʊˌɛkˈstərn(ə)l/
ΚΠ
1843 W. Youatt Horse (new ed.) xvii. 357 It is situated on the postero-external side of the haunch and thigh.
1929 Q. Rev. Biol. 4 238/2 The jugal is substantially in the primitive mammalian position at the posteroexternal corner of the skull.
1994 Jrnl. Neurol., Neurosurg. & Psychiatry 57 1268 It [sc. a post-traumatic porencephalic lesion] was surrounded by a hyperecho predominating in the inferior part of the parietal lobe and extending in the posteroexternal temporal cortex.
postero-inferior adj.
Brit. /ˌpɒstərəʊɪnˈfɪərɪə/
,
U.S. /ˌpɑstəroʊᵻnˈfɪriər/
ΚΠ
1853 J. Leidy Anc. Fauna Nebraska 104 The hyposternal plates..articulate with the postero-inferior angle of the fifth marginal plates.
1881 St. G. Mivart Cat 74 The postero-inferior margin of the malar is strongly concave.
1989 Neurosurg. 25 630 Neurovascular compression was found involving the posteroinferior cerebellar artery.
postero-internal adj.
Brit. /ˌpɒstərəʊɪnˈtəːnl/
,
U.S. /ˌpɑstəroʊᵻnˈtərn(ə)l/
ΚΠ
1852 J. Leidy Memoir Extinct Species Fossil Ox in Smithsonian Contrib. Knowl. (1853) 5 iii. 10 In the unworn specimen [sc. a molar], the summit of the posterior lobe bifurcates anteriorly, one portion joining the postero-internal fold of the middle lobe.
1931 K. M. Smith Textbk. Agric. Entomol. xiii. 215 Legs piceous, third tibiae with a row of 6-8 short bristles of equal length, regularly spaced on the postero-internal face.
1990 Amer. Jrnl. Surg. 160 525 After the nerve was sectioned, there was increasing anesthesia in the armpit and hypoesthesia on the posterointernal face of the arm.
postero-medial adj.
Brit. /ˌpɒstərə(ʊ)ˈmiːdɪəl/
,
U.S. /ˌpɑstəroʊˈmidiəl/
ΚΠ
1884 Proc. Royal Soc. 38 131 There is nearly always a pair of antero-lateral vomers protecting the cartilaginous capsules of Jacobson's organs, and large postero-lateral and often postero-medial vomers.
1901 Proc. Zool. Soc. 1 263 The characteristic features of this cavity..are:—..(3) the characteristic position of its postero-medial wall, as seen from behind.
1967 G. M. Wyburn et al. Conc. Anat. i. 28/2 The duodenal papilla—on the postero-medial aspect is the situation of the opening of the bile duct.
1986 A. S. Romer & T. S. Parsons Vertebr. Body (ed. 6) viii. 240 The nasals lie medial and posteromedial to the external nares.
postero-median adj.
Brit. /ˌpɒstərə(ʊ)ˈmiːdɪən/
,
U.S. /ˌpɑstəroʊˈmidiən/
ΚΠ
1892 Philos. Trans. 1891 (Royal Soc.) B. 182 357 The ascending degeneration affected both postero-median columns and the right cerebellar and antero-lateral tracts.
1994 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) B. 346 233 Botryoidal aggregate of apatitic mosaics..exposed in a posteromedian section of a valve treated with phosphate buffer.
postero-mesial adj.
Brit. /ˌpɒstərə(ʊ)ˈmiːsɪəl/
,
/ˌpɒstərə(ʊ)ˈmiːzɪəl/
,
/ˌpɒstərə(ʊ)ˈmɛsɪəl/
,
U.S. /ˌpɑstəroʊˈmiziəl/
,
/ˌpɑstəroʊˈmiʒ(ə)l/
,
/ˌpɑstəroʊˈmɛziəl/
,
/ˌpɑstəroʊˈmɛʒ(ə)l/
ΚΠ
1906 Proc. Royal Soc. 1905–6 B. 77 153 (caption) Postero-mesial aspect of the Left Hemisphere of the Mole.
1986 Zool. Jrnl. Linn. Soc. 87 321 Rockycampacanthus differs from other ischnacanthiforms in having large multicuspidate teeth with dual rows of secondary cusps forming a posteromesial flange.
postero-superior adj.
Brit. /ˌpɒstərə(ʊ)suːˈpɪərɪə/
,
/ˌpɒstərə(ʊ)sjuːˈpɪərɪə/
,
/ˌpɒstərə(ʊ)sᵿˈpɪərɪə/
,
/ˌpɒstərə(ʊ)sjᵿˈpɪərɪə/
,
U.S. /ˌpɑstəroʊsəˈpɪriər/
ΚΠ
1849 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 139 297 The anterior extremities of their bases rest upon and excavate the postero-superior angles of the body in front.
1930 H. G. Newth Marshall & Hurst's Junior Course Pract. Zool. (ed. 11) viii. 137 The division between the antero-inferior portion, or pedal ganglia, and the postero-superior portion, or viscero-pleural ganglia.
1993 Jrnl. Rheumatol. 20 453 The suprascapular nerve supplies sensory nerves to the posterosuperior aspect of the shoulder.
2.
postero-anterior adj.
Brit. /ˌpɒstərəʊanˈtɪərɪə/
,
U.S. /ˌpɑstəroʊˌænˈtɪriər/
from back to front; esp. designating radiological procedures or films in which the direction of the beam is from the back of the subject to the front.
ΚΠ
1888 G. Henslow Origin Floral Struct. xx. 188 This order of supply has affected the parts of the latter flowers in the same way, so that they develop from above downwards, or in a postero-anterior manner.
1912 Lancet 13 Jan. 96/2 He had not time to describe the appearances seen in all the positions employed, but would consider those seen in the postero-anterior and antero-posterior examinations—i.e., when the screen was placed either on the anterior or posterior surface of the chest.
1967 Jrnl. Pediatrics 70 712 (caption) The posteroanterior film of the chest shows bilateral pulmonary infiltration within a few hours after ingesting an unknown quantity of charcoal lighter fluid.
2005 Clin. Biomechanics 20 228 Posteroanterior mobilisation is a manual therapy technique that is commonly used in the examination and treatment of neck pain.
posterodorsal adj.
Brit. /ˌpɒstərə(ʊ)ˈdɔːsl/
,
U.S. /ˌpɑstəroʊˈdɔrs(ə)l/
situated on the posterior part of the dorsal aspect.
ΚΠ
1849 J. D. Dana U.S. Exploring Exped.: Geol. (1850) 687 Valves nearly flat, with a slight bending over the postero-dorsal margin.
1913 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) B. 203 329 The greatest length of the animal—i.e. from front of head to posterodorsal angle of carapace—is then easily measured with an eyepiece chronometer.
1997 G. S. Helfman et al. Diversity of Fishes iii. 25/1 It is a small bone on the posterodorsal margin of the maxilla.
posterodorsally adv.
Brit. /ˌpɒstərə(ʊ)ˈdɔːsəli/
,
/ˌpɒstərə(ʊ)ˈdɔːsl̩i/
,
U.S. /ˌpɑstəroʊˈdɔrsəli/
in or towards a posterodorsal position.
ΚΠ
1910 Amer. Naturalist 44 360 This..originates postero-dorsally in the left umbo of the larva, but becomes moved to its present position during the rotation of the viscera.
1995 C. Nielsen Animal Evol. lii. 415 The endoderm has become a hollow tube which breaks through anteriorly and posterodorsally, forming mouth and anus.
posterolateral adj.
Brit. /ˌpɒstərə(ʊ)ˈlat(ə)rəl/
,
/ˌpɒstərə(ʊ)ˈlat(ə)rl̩/
,
U.S. /ˌpɑstəroʊˈlædərəl/
,
/ˌpɑstəroʊˈlætrəl/
both posterior and lateral.
ΚΠ
1836 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 126 565 The seventh or postero-lateral oblique.
1852 J. D. Dana U.S. Exploring Exped.: Crustacea Pt. I 29 The posterior portion of the Carapax consists of a postero-lateral region, and a posterior region.
1955 R. Macintosh & M. Ostlere Local Analgesia Head & Neck ix. 76 The retromolar fossa,..despite its name lies not directly behind, but posterolateral to the molar.
1995 P. J. Hayward et al. in P. J. Hayward & J. S. Ryland Handbk. Marine Fauna N.W. Europe viii. 298/2 Fourth metasome segment with somewhat pointed postero-lateral edges.
posterolaterally adv.
Brit. /ˌpɒstərə(ʊ)ˈlat(ə)rəli/
,
/ˌpɒstərə(ʊ)ˈlat(ə)rl̩i/
,
U.S. /ˌpɑstəroʊˈlædərəli/
,
/ˌpɑstəroʊˈlætrəli/
in or towards a posterolateral position.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > positions or directions in body > [adverb] > specific
upwardsc1400
posteriorly1598
centrad1803
dextrad1803
distad1803
peripherad1803
proximad1803
sinistrad1803
atlantad1825
rostrad1831
mesially1849
ventrad1849
peripherally1852
posterolaterally1857
rostrally1863
distally1870
medianly1870
ventrally1870
postaxially1873
preaxially1873
posteroventrally1877
proximally1878
mesad1881
lateralwards1882
ventralwards1883
preaxiad1888
mesally1890
anteriad1891
haemad1891
postaxiad1892
lateralward1895
sagittally1895
ventral1899
posteriad1902
ipsilaterally1950
midsagittally1960
ventromedially1960
1857 S. F. Baird Gen. Rep. Zool. I: Mammals (U.S. War Dept.: Rep. Explor. Route to Pacific VIII) 369 Postero-laterally the frontals are in extended apposition with the very greatly developed squamous portion of the temporal.
1874 Philos. Trans. 1873 (Royal Soc.) 163 137 The sharp edges of cartilage (behind from the occipital ring, and postero-laterally from the cartilaginous ear-sacs) are growing more over the third vesicle and cerebellum.
1967 G. M. Wyburn et al. Conc. Anat. iv. 112/2 The great wing of the sphenoid terminating posterolaterally in the spine.
1990 Brain 113 311 From T2 to about T7, the outline of the tract on transverse section is triangular, the anterior border of the triangle running slightly posterolaterally from about the lateral horn to the periphery.
posteroparietal adj.
Brit. /ˌpɒstərə(ʊ)pᵻˈrʌɪᵻtl/
,
U.S. /ˌpɑstəroʊpəˈraɪəd(ə)l/
Anatomy situated in or near the posterior part of the parietal lobe of the brain.
ΚΠ
1861 T. H. Huxley in Proc. Zool. Soc. 257 The postero-parietal sulcus..is situated so far back that the antero-parietal gyrus..is exceedingly thick.
1899 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. VII. 84 The postero-parietal or superior parietal lobule [of the brain].
1989 Arch. Dermatol. 125 98 Normal whorled patterns [of hair follicles] appear in the posteroparietal area.
posterotemporal adj.
Brit. /ˌpɒstərə(ʊ)ˈtɛmp(ə)rəl/
,
/ˌpɒstərə(ʊ)ˈtɛmp(ə)rl̩/
,
U.S. /ˌpɑstəroʊˈtɛmp(ə)rəl/
Anatomy situated in or near the posterior part of the temporal lobe of the brain; (Ichthyology) †= post-temporal adj. (obsolete).
ΚΠ
1861 T. H. Huxley in Sci. Mem. (1899) II. 505 The temporal lobe..is plainly divided into the usual antero-temporal, medio-temporal, and postero-temporal gyri.
1985 Surg. Neurol. 23 468 Regional cerebral blood flow was at a low value in the upper frontal region and at an almost average value in the posterotemporal and occipital regions.
posteroterminal adj.
Brit. /ˌpɒstərə(ʊ)ˈtəːmᵻnl/
,
U.S. /ˌpɑstəroʊˈtərmən(ə)l/
rare situated at the posterior end.
ΚΠ
1884 Amer. Naturalist 18 135 In early youth the pulsating vacuole is single and postero-terminal.
1941 Amer. Midland Naturalist 25 404 The excretory pore is median and postero-terminal.
posteroventral adj.
Brit. /ˌpɒstərə(ʊ)ˈvɛntr(ə)l/
,
U.S. /ˌpɑstəroʊˈvɛntrəl/
situated on the posterior part of the ventral aspect.
ΚΠ
1856 J. Hall in W. P. Blake Rep. Geol. Route near 35th Parallel (U.S. War Dept.: Rep. Explor. Route to Pacific III) ix. 99 Shell subovate.., postero-ventral margin sinuate and elevated in a line corresponding to the depression in the opposite valve.
1923 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) B. 211 231 The squamosal bone, and in front of it the postero-ventral region of the parietal, can be seen in an inner view of the bisected skull.
1990 Jrnl. Zool. 220 6 When adapted to a phoretic role, known as a ‘motile hypopus’, the posteroventral region of the hysterosoma forms a specialized anal attachment organ.
posteroventrally adv.
Brit. /ˌpɒstərə(ʊ)ˈvɛntrəli/
,
/ˌpɒstərə(ʊ)ˈvɛntrl̩i/
,
U.S. /ˌpɑstəroʊˈvɛntrəli/
in or towards a posteroventral position.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > positions or directions in body > [adverb] > specific
upwardsc1400
posteriorly1598
centrad1803
dextrad1803
distad1803
peripherad1803
proximad1803
sinistrad1803
atlantad1825
rostrad1831
mesially1849
ventrad1849
peripherally1852
posterolaterally1857
rostrally1863
distally1870
medianly1870
ventrally1870
postaxially1873
preaxially1873
posteroventrally1877
proximally1878
mesad1881
lateralwards1882
ventralwards1883
preaxiad1888
mesally1890
anteriad1891
haemad1891
postaxiad1892
lateralward1895
sagittally1895
ventral1899
posteriad1902
ipsilaterally1950
midsagittally1960
ventromedially1960
1877 F. B. Meek in C. King Rep. Geol. Explor. 40th Parallel i. 167 Shell attaining a large size.., cuneate postero-ventrally.
1902 Proc. Zool. Soc. 1 89 The blue sides are margined posteroventrally with a black line.
2002 Compar. Biochem. & Physiol. A. 133 1013 The posterodorsally oriented HMFAs [= helical muscle fiber arrangements] are underlain by posteroventrally oriented crossing muscle fibers.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2006; most recently modified version published online June 2022).
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