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单词 pox
释义

poxn.

Brit. /pɒks/, U.S. /pɑks/
Forms: late Middle English–1600s poxe, 1500s– pox, 1700s poox (English regional (Essex)).
Origin: A variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymons: English pocks , pock n.1
Etymology: Alteration of pocks, plural of pock n.1Apparently attested earlier as a surname:1271 Close Rolls Henry III 423 Willelmo Poxe, civi London.1273 Patent Roll, 1 Edward I 26 May (P.R.O.: C 66/92) m. 8 Willelmus Poxe Ciuis London.
I. Senses relating to diseases characterized by pocks.
1.
a. Any of several infectious diseases characterized by a rash of pustules (pocks), esp. smallpox, cowpox, and chickenpox. See also chickenpox n., cowpox n., smallpox n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of visible parts > eruptive diseases > [noun]
botcha1425
pox1476
rubeola1583
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of visible parts > eruptive diseases > [noun] > smallpox
pock1296
variole?a1425
pox1476
small-pockc1510
smallpox?1562
variola1593
little pox?a1649
variolous1676
discrete smallpox1684
varioloid1820
varicelloid1873
variola major1902
whitepox1911
variola minor1925
1476 in C. L. Kingsford Stonor Lett. & Papers (1919) II. 10 The eyre of poxe is ffull contagious.
?1545 J. Bale 2nd Pt. Image Both Churches ii. sig. Qviiv Here were moche to be spoken of..Saynt Iob for the poxe, Saynt Fyacre for the ague.
1650 S. Dillingham in H. Cary Memorials Great Civil War (1842) II. 248 My lord's sizer and Mr. Adam's are sick of the pox; it is thought past the worst.
1684 tr. T. Bonet Guide Pract. Physician x. 356 Treacle is the best Alexiterick against the Pox.
a1824 Ld. Byron Don Juan i. cxxix, in Wks. (1835) XV. 162 The Doctor paid off an old pox, By borrowing a new one from an ox.
1958 I. Blasingame Dakota Cowboy xv. 212 The doctor..said I would be over the pox enough not to give it to anyone as soon as I felt the fever leave and I was hungry.
1970 Times 21 Nov. 4/5 ‘We are very afraid that cholera or the pox or dysentery or typhoid will come,’ said a district official in Bhola town.
2004 W. L. Larimore Bryson City Seasons xi. 104 The girls had the classic chicken pox lesions... The older lesions were a bit bigger, the newer ones very small. This was classic for the pox.
b. Syphilis. Frequently with distinguishing word, as French, great pox, etc.: see the first element.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > venereal disease > [noun] > syphilis
foul evila1398
grandgore1497
French disease1503
French pox1503
pox1503
great pocka1519
great pox1529
morbus gallicus1543
gore1554
marbles1592
verol1596
Spanish pox1600
verola1600
the foul evil1607
bube1608
grincome1608
Neapolitan1631
lues1634
scabbado1651
venereal syphilis1653
foul disease1680
gout1694
syphilid1829
syphiloid1833
syphiloderma1850
vaccino-syphilis1868
neurosyphilis1878
old ral1878
syph1914
bejel1928
cosmic disease-
1503 in N. H. Nicolas Privy Purse Expenses Elizabeth of York (1830) 105 A surgeon whiche heled him of the Frenche pox.
1529 in Ld. Herbert Henry VIII (1649) 267 The foule, and contagious Disease of the Great Pox.
1601 H. Clapham Ælohim-triune xi A third diuell whispers in the eares of some, And straight they slide to house of brothelrie: The pox, the vengeance, burning intrailes come Crying a loud.
1680 J. Bunyan Life & Death Mr. Badman 105 There often follows this foul sin, the Foul Disease, now called by us the Pox. A disease so nauseous and stinking, so infectious to the whole body (and so intailed to this sin) that hardly are any common with unclean Women, but they have more or less a touch of it to their shame.
1700 T. Brown Amusem. Serious & Comical x. 107 The Attorney picks your Pocket, and gives you Law for't; the Whore picks your Purse, and gives you the Pox for't it; and the Poet picks your Pocket, and gives you nothing for it.
1764 C. Churchill Duellist iii. 44 In turn to give a Pox, or take it.
1856 R. W. Emerson Eng. Traits i. 19 He [sc. Coleridge] said..There were only three things which the government had brought into that garden of delights [sc. Sicily], namely, itch, pox, and famine.
1922 J. Joyce Ulysses ii. xv. [Circe] 489 Mary Shortall that was in the lock with the pox.
1946 M. Mezzrow & B. Wolfe Really Blues 79 The cash customers were hotter than a pussy with the pox.
1976 J. O'Connor Eleventh Commandment viii. 101 Wally..strangled a prostitute for giving him a dose of the pox.
1992 Evening Standard 28 Sept. 24/2 I remember a girl at art school who was terrified to have sex in case she got the pox.
c. Any of various diseases of domestic animals, esp. sheep, characterized by sores or scabs on the skin. In sheep, these diseases may have included scab, orf, and sheep-pox.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > animal disease or disorder > disorders of sheep > [noun] > other disorders of sheep
pocka1325
soughta1400
pox1530
mad1573
winter rot1577
snuffa1585
leaf1587
leaf-sickness1614
redwater1614
mentigo1706
tag1736
white water1743
hog pox1749
rickets1755
side-ill1776
resp1789
sheep-fag1789
thorter-ill1791
vanquish1792
smallpox1793
shell-sicknessc1794
sickness1794
grass-ill1795
rub1800
pine1804
pining1804
sheep-pock1804
stinking ill1807
water sickness1807
core1818
wryneck1819
tag-belt1826
tag-sore1828
kibe1830
agalaxia1894
agalactia1897
lupinosis1899
trembling1902
struck1903
black disease1906
scrapie1910
renguerra1917
pulpy kidney1927
dopiness1932
blowfly strike1933
body strike1934
sleepy sickness1937
swayback1938
twin lamb disease1945
tick pyaemia1946
fly-strike1950
maedi1952
nematodiriasis1957
visna1957
maedi-visna1972
visna-maedi1972
1530 J. Rastell Thyrde Dialoge in New Bk. Purgatory sig. f4 As yf thou haue a swyne which is infected with pox or other syknes.
1545 Bibliotheca Eliotæ Mentigo, the scabbe whiche is amonge shepe called the poxe.
1601 Brechin Test. I. in Dict. Older Sc. Tongue f. 215 v Ten ȝowes havand thair lambes deid in the pox.
1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 614 The holy fire which the Sheapheards call the Pox, or the Blisters, or Saint Anthonies fire.
1862 Times 9 Aug. 11/3 On examining the sheep, he found them suffering in almost every stage of the disease. Some in which the pox had first shown itself exhibited a staggering gait, with slight fever, and swelled eyelids.
1906 Times 21 Sept. 2/4 Is it really not possible to say whether the lymph supplied by the National Vaccine Establishment was derived originally from the smallpox of man, the pox of the horse, or from an eruption on the teats of a cow?
1936 A. K. Nyabongo Afr. answers Back 245 You will see that this cow is getting over the pox.
d. A vesicular and pustular rash caused by occupational exposure to antimony. Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of visible parts > eruptive diseases > [noun] > other eruptive diseases
gutta rosaceac1400
spotted death1623
spotted fever1623
horse-pox1656
flock-pox1672
hog pox1676
spotted pestilence1783
salt rheum1809
molluscum1813
molluscum contagiosum1817
grease-pox1822
horn-pox1822
date fever1836
glass-pock1858
molluscum sebaceum1866
verruga1873
furunculosis1886
gutta rubea1886
flannel rash1888
vaccinide1889
rubeoloid1893
pox1897
veld sores1898
spotted sickness1899
sweat-rash1899
synanthema1899
sporotrichosis1908
alastrim1911
pseudoxanthoma elasticum1933
monkeypox1960
scleromyxœdema1964
yusho1969
1897 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. II. 942 This eruption which is called by the [antimony] workmen the ‘pox’, occurs where the skin perspires most freely.
1897 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. II. 944 For the skin-eruption or ‘pox’ as it is called..sponging with a solution of bicarbonate or biborate of soda..is generally sufficient to give relief.
e. Medicine. Any disease caused by a poxvirus. Also pox disease.
ΚΠ
1931 C. H. Andrewes in Lancet 9 May 1046/2 Cow-pox differs from the other poxes in having but little tendency to produce a generalised rash.
1948 Bergey's Man. Determinative Bacteriol. (ed. 6) 1229 Viruses of the typical pox-disease group.
1957 Virology 4 310 Causes mousepox or ectomelia, a natural pox disease of mice.
1973 Times 10 July 2/5 [He] asked if it could be smallpox and..felt reassured that it was not and that it was a lesser form of pox.
2003 Compar. Immunol., Microbiol. & Infectious Dis. 26 427 The enormous risk posed by animal poxes was documented in 1990 by the death of an 18-year-old patient with severe immune deficiency.
2.
a. In various imprecations or exclamations of irritation and impatience, as a pox on (also of, take), † O pox, etc. Cf plague n. 5. Now archaic.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > anger > irritation > [noun] > exclamation or invocation showing
pock1573
bot1584
poxa1592
the mind > language > malediction > oaths > [interjection] > oaths other than religious or obscene > imprecations
woeOE
dahetc1290
confoundc1330
foul (also shame) fall ——c1330
sorrow on——c1330
in the wanianda1352
wildfirea1375
evil theedomc1386
a pestilence on (also upon)c1390
woe betide you (also him, her, etc.)c1390
maldathaita1400
murrainc1400
out ona1415
in the wild waning worldc1485
vengeance?a1500
in a wanion1549
with a wanion1549
woe worth1553
a plague on——a1566
with a wanion to?c1570
with a wanyand1570
bot1584
maugre1590
poxa1592
death1593
rot1594
rot on1595
cancro1597
pax1604
pize on (also upon)1605
vild1605
peascod1606
cargo1607
confusion1608
perditiona1616
(a) pest upon1632
deuce1651
stap my vitals1697
strike me blind, dumb, lucky (if, but—)1697
stop my vitals1699
split me (or my windpipe)1700
rabbit1701
consume1756
capot me!1760
nick me!1760
weary set1788
rats1816
bad cess to1859
curse1885
hanged1887
buggeration1964
a1592 R. Greene Frier Bacon (1594) sig. B3v A poxe of all coniuring Friers.
1598 W. Shakespeare Love's Labour's Lost v. ii. 46 A Poxe of that iest, and I beshrow all Shrowes.
a1616 W. Shakespeare All's Well that ends Well (1623) iv. iii. 277 A pox on him, he's a Cat still. View more context for this quotation
1695 W. Congreve Love for Love v. i. 81 O Pox, how shall I get rid of this foolish Girl?
1702 Clarendon's Hist. Rebellion I. iv. 295 Some said, ‘a Pox take the House of Commons, let them be Hanged’.
1710 S. Centlivre Bickerstaff's Burying i. i. 7 What a-pox, she wont die for the Man she hates.
1749 H. Fielding Tom Jones III. vii. vi. 39 Formalities! with a Pox!..Pooh, all Stuff and Nonsense! View more context for this quotation
1760 J. Mair Tyro's Dict. 415 Væ! Vah! wo! pox on't.
1795 ‘P. Pindar’ Pindariana 154 A p-x on all sorrow.
1859 H. E. Taliaferro Fisher's River 70 Pox take the luck!
1922 J. Joyce Ulysses ii. xiv. [Oxen of the Sun] 380 But they can go hang..for me with their bully beef, a pox on it.
1963 Sunday Times 8 Sept. 29/3 Cool Shakespeare thrives in the sixth and phrases like ‘Pox on't!’ and ‘Fie!’ are in present usage.
1994 N.Y. Times 5 Apr. c6/4 A pox on those services that suggest otherwise in their advertisements.
b. figurative. An object, event, phenomenon, etc., perceived as constituting a plague or infection.
ΚΠ
1963 Times 4 Feb. 14/3 [This] is vital if the staggering potential of modern industry is to become the joy and not the pox of our society.
1968 E. K. Gann Song of Sirens (2000) i. 52 As soon as he realizes that whatever he wants is not to be had,..he loses the pox of desire and its inevitable scabs of greed.
1984 Times 3 Sept. 11/5 I have decided to join Philip Howard in seeking to avoid ‘the pox of this little word’.
1992 R. W. Love Hist. U.S. Navy, 1942–1991 II. xxiv. 498 This squeamishness was no vaccine for the pox of Vietnamese imperialism.
II. Senses relating to pocks themselves.
3. The pustules (pocks) on the skin typical of smallpox. Also: the skin lesions of syphilis (or other treponemal disease). Cf. pock n.1 1. Obsolete.
a. In plural.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > suppuration > [noun] > a suppuration > abscess > boil > pustule > of smallpox
variolas?a1425
variole?a1425
pox1476
small-pock1530
smallpox1562
pox1623
varusa1836
1476 in C. L. Kingsford Stonor Lett. & Papers (1919) II. 10 My brother and yowris is sore seke of the poxes.
1562 W. Bullein Bulwarke of Defence f. 69 It [sc. sulphur] also helpeth Leprous, Scabbes, and Poxes.
1603 T. Lodge Treat. Plague i. sig. B2 In that Iland which is called Hispaniola, and other places of India, there raigne certaine pustules or broad seabs, (not much vnlike the French poxes) wherewith almost all the inhabitants of the country are infected.
1676 T. D'Urfey Siege of Memphis f. 74 If not, then I instead of praise will curse, And wish with a full heart, but empty Purse, That you may meet fresh rancour in your doxes, And what I think can hardly be, more Poxes.
1930 Lancet 5 Apr. 774/1 If the vaccine lymph or material from the poxes of small-pox is inoculated on the mucous membrane.
1996 Jrnl. Ethnopharmacol. 53 98/2 They included plants used to treat..skin problems such as rashes, blemishes, boils and poxes.
b. With plural agreement.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > suppuration > [noun] > a suppuration > abscess > boil > pustule > of smallpox
variolas?a1425
variole?a1425
pox1476
small-pock1530
smallpox1562
pox1623
varusa1836
1623 J. Hart tr. P. van Foreest Arraignm. Vrines iii. 46 Small wheales like the small poxe.
1652 Edwards' Treat. conc. Plague 53 in A. M. Rich Closet When the Pox lye hidden within and not appearing outwardly, or if after they are come forth they doe suddenly strike in again and vanish away..all these are ill signs.
c1672 A. Wood Life (1891) I. 45 This yeare he had the small pox so much that he was for a time blinded with them.
1715 A. Pitcairne Method of curing Small-pox in G. Sewell & J. T. Desaguliers tr. A. Pitcairne Wks. 272 If the Pox run together in the Face..use the Infusion of the Purles, and the Syrup of white Poppies oftner than in other Cases.
a1732 T. Boston Memoirs (1776) xi. 357 Jane was taken ill of the small pox... Her pox were many, and of a dangerous kind.
1994 D. W. Talmage in A. Szentivanyi & H. Friedman Immunologic Revol. ii. 18 It was also know that small pox could be transmitted by taking pus from the pox of a small pox patient and scratching it into the skin of someone who had never had the disease.

Compounds

poxfiend n. a person infected with syphilis.
ΚΠ
1922 J. Joyce Ulysses ii. xiv. [Oxen of the Sun] 405 And snares of the poxfiend.
1996 Re: Skulking Ghost; My Anal. in rec.games.trading-cards.magic.strategy (Usenet newsgroup) 16 Oct. (signature of posting) Paulagher the Poxfiend.
pox-fouled adj. rare infected with syphilis.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > venereal disease > [adjective] > syphilis > infected with
pockyc1350
French-sick1605
Frenchified1607
pock-rotten1616
poxed1678
Gallican1694
syphilitic1787
pox-fouleda1915
a1915 J. Joyce Giacomo Joyce (1968) 9 The pox-fouled wenches and young wives that, gaily yielding to their ravishers, clip and clip again.
pox-stone n. English regional (Staffordshire) Now rare = pockstone n. at pock n.1 Compounds 2.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > stone > [noun] > hard stone > pox-stone
pox-stone1686
pockstone1739
1686 R. Plot Nat. Hist. Staffs. v. 191 A Pox-stone, i.e. a stone scarce vincible by fire.
c1700 W. Kennett MS Lansdowne 1033 1033 lf. 305 b Above the coal mines at Chedle in Staffordshire they have a rock of a greyish colour, called pox-stone so very hard, that where they doe not luckily meet with a cleft, they are forced to put fire to it, to soften it, or make it flaw.
1880 C. H. Poole Attempt Gloss. Stafford 18/1 Pox-stone, a hard stone of a greyish colour.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

poxv.

Brit. /pɒks/, U.S. /pɑks/
Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: pox n.
Etymology: < pox n.
transitive. To infect (a person) with the pox (usually with syphilis). Also figurative: to ruin, destroy. Also with up.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > malediction > oaths > [verb (transitive)] > obscene oaths
pox1601
bugger1779
frig1905
fuck1922
shag1933
stuff1955
motherfuck1965
feck1972
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > venereal disease > infect with venereal disease [verb (transitive)] > with syphilis
pox1601
pockify1624
syphilize1851
the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > destroy [verb (transitive)] > bring to ruin or put an end to
undoc950
shendOE
forfarea1000
endc1000
to do awayOE
aquenchc1175
slayc1175
slayc1175
stathea1200
tinea1300
to-spilla1300
batec1300
bleschea1325
honisha1325
leesea1325
wastec1325
stanch1338
corrumpa1340
destroy1340
to put awayc1350
dissolvec1374
supplanta1382
to-shend1382
aneantizec1384
avoidc1384
to put outa1398
beshenda1400
swelta1400
amortizec1405
distract1413
consumec1425
shelfc1425
abroge1427
downthringc1430
kill1435
poisonc1450
defeat1474
perish1509
to blow away1523
abrogatea1529
to prick (also turn, pitch) over the perka1529
dash?1529
to bring (also send) to (the) pot1531
put in the pot1531
wipea1538
extermine1539
fatec1540
peppera1550
disappoint1563
to put (also set) beside the saddle1563
to cut the throat of1565
to throw (also turn, etc.) over the perch1568
to make a hand of (also on, with)1569
demolish1570
to break the neck of1576
to make shipwreck of1577
spoil1578
to knock on (in) the head (also rarely at head)1579
cipher1589
ruinate1590
to cut off by the shins1592
shipwreck1599
exterminate1605
finish1611
damnify1612
ravel1614
braina1616
stagger1629
unrivet1630
consummate1634
pulverizea1640
baffle1649
devil1652
to blow up1660
feague1668
shatter1683
cook1708
to die away1748
to prove fatal (to)1759
to knock up1764
to knock (or kick) the hindsight out or off1834
to put the kibosh on1834
to cook (rarely do) one's goose1835
kibosh1841
to chaw up1843
cooper1851
to jack up1870
scuttle1888
to bugger up1891
jigger1895
torpedo1895
on the fritz1900
to put paid to1901
rot1908
down and out1916
scuppera1918
to put the skids under1918
stonker1919
liquidate1924
to screw up1933
cruel1934
to dig the grave of1934
pox1935
blow1936
to hit for six1937
to piss up1937
to dust off1938
zap1976
1601 B. Jonson Fountaine of Selfe-love iv. iv. sig. I2 'Slid take your Bottle, and put it in your guttes for me, Ile see you poxt ere I follow you any longer?
1680 M. Stevenson Wits Paraphras'd 129 Shou'd thou be Poxt by any Woman..My very Ghost wou'd pull thy eyes out.
1712 J. Arbuthnot John Bull Still in Senses iii. 12 Jack..persuaded Peg, that all Mankind, besides himself, were pox'd by that scarlet-fac'd Whore.
1766 T. Amory Life John Buncle II. xiii. 485 She lives..to ruin the fortune, pox the body, and for ever damn the soul of the miserable man.
1784 Prince William Let. 23 July in P. Ziegler King William IV (1971) iii. 51 Oh, for..the pretty girls of Westminster..such as would not clap or pox me every time I fucked.
1802 G. Galloway in Admirable Crichton 70 Tho' we were pox'd wi' poverty and law.
1824 Lancet 10 July 39/2 You are poxed up to the eyes.
1846 ‘Lord Chief Baron’ Swell's Night Guide (new ed.) 45 These kens are tenanted by a blackguard..school of pugging shakes, whose chief fame is in..poxing a swaddy.
1859 H. E. Taliaferro Fisher's River xiv. 214 I'll be poxed ef I knowed how to hold my hands nur feet.
1933 M. Lowry Ultramarine i. 51 That boy got all poxed up to the eyeballs, voyage before last... Yes, he was poxed all away to hell.
1935 in Sc. National Dict. (1968) VII. 225/1 [Argyllshire] When I wuz away for my breakfast my mate oot o' pure duvilment poxt the stone on me.
1960 J. Barth Sot-weed Factor ii. xxxiii. 499 Girls like me are set a-purpose to pox the hapless Indians.
1992 J. Torrington Swing Hammer Swing! xxxiv. 314 Every reel was poxed with flaky joints and torn sprocket tracks.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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