pontificaln.adj.

Brit.

/pɒnˈtɪfᵻkl/, U.S.

/pɑnˈtɪfᵻk(ə)l/

Forms: late Middle English pontyfycale, late Middle English pontyfycalle, late Middle English–1500s pontificalle, late Middle English–1500s pontyficall, late Middle English–1600s pontificall, late Middle English– pontifical, 1500s pomtifical (transmission error), 1500s pontificale, 1500s pontifycalle.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French pontifical; Latin pontificalia, pontificale, pontificālis.

Etymology: As noun < Anglo-Norman and Middle French, French pontifical the robes of a bishop or priest (c1270 or earlier in Anglo-Norman), a book or manuscript containing the liturgical rites and ceremonies to be performed by a bishop or pope (1374 in Middle French) and its etymon post-classical Latin pontificalia (plural) episcopal vestments (7th cent.; frequently from 12th cent. in British sources), pontificale service-book (from 1296 in British sources), uses as noun of neuter plural and singular respectively of pontificalis , adjective (see below). As adjective < Anglo-Norman and Middle French, French pontifical of, relating, or appropriate to the office or dignity of a bishop or pope (1269 in Old French), relating to the pontifices of ancient Rome (a1380), prestigious (1404) and its etymon classical Latin pontificālis of or belonging to a pontifex or the college of pontifices, in post-classical Latin also of or relating to a bishop (4th or 5th cent. in Jerome), of or relating to the Pope (6th cent.) < pontific- , pontifex pontifex n. + -ālis -al suffix¹. Compare slightly earlier pontificality n.

A. n.

a. In plural. The robes of a bishop or priest; the vestments and insignia of a bishop, cardinal, or other high-ranking cleric.†Formerly also in singular (obsolete).

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > artefacts > vestments > clothing of particular functionaries > [noun] > bishop

pontificals?1435

pontificalibusa1533

pontificalitya1538

pontificalia1577

pontificials1606

?1435 ( J. Lydgate Minor Poems (1934) ii. 646 (MED) There to mete him..was the Erchebisshop and the Chaunceller, Lyncoln and Bathe..In pontyficall arrayed richely.

a1500 (c1400) St. Erkenwald (1977) 130 (MED) Þe prelate in pontificals was prestly atyride.

1559 in C. Innes Registrum Episcopatus Aberdonensis (1845) I. App. 89 Item the pontificall, viz. a chesabill, 4 tunicks, 3 stols.

?1590–1 J. Burel Discription Queens Entry Edinb. in Poems sig. M2^v The vther Burgissis forby, Wer cled in thair pontificall.

1660 Bp. J. Taylor Ductor Dubitantium I. ii. ii. 308 For a Bishop to ride on hunting in his Pontificals..is against publike honesty.

1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory iii. 176/2 The true shape and depiction of a Bishop in his Pontificals.

1714 A. D. Chancel New Journey Europe 24 The Archbishop that officiates, being in his Pontificals, anoints hi Head.

1774 J. Adams in J. Adams & A. Adams Familiar Lett. (1876) 37 Next morning he [sc. an Episcopal clergyman] appeared with his clerk and in his pontificals, and read several prayers.

1828 Times 2 Dec. 3/1 The Abbot St. Brenard, dressed in pontificals.

1851 D. Wilson Archæol. & Prehistoric Ann. Scotl. ii. vi. 317 The archpriest when robed in his most stately pontificals.

1907 W. W. Capes Reg. Thome de Cantilupo Introd. p. xxii The Dean and Chapter held in trust for the See certain pontificals which were to be handed down from one to another of its Bishops.

1980 Church Times 21 Nov. 12 They stripped off his clothes to put on the full pontificals for burial.

b. A pontiff's ring; (also) a ring or other piece of jewellery resembling this. Now historical and rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > artefacts > vestments > sartorial appurtenances > [noun] > ring

regal of Francec1440

pontificala1500

fisher's ring1689

fisherman's ring1728

the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > types of ornamentation > jewellery > ring > [noun] > other types of ring

kine-ringc1225

pontificala1500

hoop-ring1545

death's head1577

ring of remembrance1659

serjeant's ring1690

garter-ring1709

bath-ring1771

solitaire1832

regard ring1853

key ring1856

bodylet1870

portrait ring1877

tower-ring1877

whistle-ring1877

marquise1885

princess-ring1886

dinner ring1890

cluster ring1897

eternity ring1939

a1500 Inventory in Archaeologia (1890) 52 214 (MED) Hys Miter & crose beyng Redy wt hys glovys and pontyfycalle.

1507 in J. Raine Testamenta Eboracensia (1869) IV. 319 For a pontificall put upon my lordes fynger in tym of sering [= cering] xvj d.

1508 Will of Joan Hampton (P.R.O.: PROB. 11/15) f. 279 A peyre of owches otherwise callid pontificalles of siluer & gilt.

1551 J. Williams Acct. Monastic Treasures (1836) 48 Gloves, ringes, caled pontifycalles, and two Gospell bookes.

1921 Trans. Sc. Ecclesiol. Soc. 149 A ring described as his larger pontifical is set with a Sapphire surrounded by balas rubies.

†2.

a. A bishop or other church dignitary. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > church government > member of the clergy > clerical superior > bishop > [noun]

bishopc897

patriarcheOE

bispa1300

ordinarya1325

ordinar?1403

father1418

discretion1421

pontificalc1440

diocesanc1450

rocheter1559

monseigneur1561

pope1563

bite-sheep1570

presul1577

rochet1581

diocesser1606

lawn sleevesc1640

episcopant1641

Right Reverend1681

diocesian1686

lawn-man1795

diocesiarch1805

bish1875

shire-bishop1880

c1440 (?a1400) Morte Arthure 4335 Relygeous reueste in theire riche copes, Pontyficalles and prelates in precyouse wedys.

c1475 tr. C. de Pisan Livre du Corps de Policie (Cambr.) (1977) 53 (MED) Ther be many of our pontificalles and prestes in whiche is seyn opynly grete plente of horrible defawtis.

b. A company or group of (esp. ecclesiastical) dignitaries. Cf. pontificality n. 2. Obsolete.One of many alleged group names found in late Middle English glossarial sources, but not otherwise substantiated.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > church government > member of the clergy > clerical superior > [noun]

bishopc893

prelate?c1225

prince of priests?c1225

high priestc1400

pontificala1450

emperor clerkc1475

gentleman untrial1486

dignitya1525

Aaron1565

hierarch1574

presul1577

monsignor1579

church governor1588

pontiff1589

archbishop1600

monseigneur1601

monsignor1611

sheikh1613

protomist1619

Mar1622

hyperochality1637

protarch1654

pontifex1655

prelatical1658

dignitary1672

hierophanta1676

Monsig.1698

ecclesiarch1781

arch-pontiff1790

Mgr1848

Msgr.1868

patriarch-

society > faith > church government > member of the clergy > clerical superior > [noun] > collectively

prelacya1393

Lords Spiritual1404

pontificala1450

pontificality1486

prelatry1641

prelature1820

a1450 Terms Assoc. in PMLA (1936) 51 604 (MED) A pontificalle of prynces, a pontificalle of prelatys.

c1475 in J. Hodgkin Proper Terms (1909) 52 (MED) A Pontyfycalle of Prestysse.

?1478 Lydgate's Horse, Goose & Sheep (Caxton) (1822) 31 A pontifical of prelates, a state of princes, a dignite of chanons.

c. depreciative. With capital initial. An adherent or supporter of episcopacy, pontifical ceremony, etc., in the Anglican Church, esp. during the reign of Elizabeth I. Cf. puritan n. 1a. Obsolete. rare (historical in later use).

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > church government > member of the clergy > clerical superior > [noun] > adherent of

subjectc1350

pontifical1591

pontifician1612

pontificial1631

papa-prelatist1816

1591 H. Barrow Plaine Refut. Giffardes Bk. 134 Herehence ariseth these schismes and sectes in the Church of England..these are herevpon called Precitians, or Puritanes, and nowe lately Martinistes. The other opposite side are the Pontificales.

?1591 H. Barrow Brief Discouerie False Church 189 The Pontificals proceed yet further to open their mouthes vnto more accursed blasphemie.

1874 L. Bacon Genesis New Eng. Church xviii. 403 The ‘Pontificals’ were never called ‘forward preachers’ either by Puritans or by Separatists.

3. In plural: †the offices or duties of a bishop (obsolete rare). In later use (in singular): a ceremonial rite or observance celebrated pontifically; a pontifical mass. Also: †the office of a pope or other high-ranking cleric (obsolete rare).

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > church government > member of the clergy > clerical superior > [noun] > office of

prelacya1387

pontificals?a1475

officialshipc1475

bishopric1520

high priesthood1535

superintendence1561

prelateship1570

pontificality1593

officiality1597

prelature1602

prelation1611

prelaty1641

pontificacy1665

pontificate1702

officialty1720

presulate1853

society > faith > worship > observance, ritual > kinds of rite > pontifical > [noun]

pontificals1691

pontificality1841

society > faith > worship > sacrament > communion > mass > kinds of mass > [noun] > pontifical

pontificals1923

?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1872) IV. 405 To fullefille the ministery off pristes to the peple..and notte the pontificalles [a1387 J. Trevisaoffice of bisshoppes; L. pontificalia].

1567 Compend. Bk. Godly Songs (1897) 178 Thocht thow be Paip or Cardinall, Sa heich in thy Pontificall.

1621 R. Montagu Diatribæ Hist. Tithes 459 Hee was..skilfull in the Romane Histories, Religion, Pontificals, and Ceremonies.

1691 A. Gavin Frauds Romish Monks (ed. 3) 223 She had been so extreamly satisfi'd with the Pontifical, which had been celebrated with so much Pomp and Majesty.

1744 W. Wilkes Let. Advice Young Lady 36 The other attributes great Merit to certain Dresses, Postures, Pontificals, and Ceremonies.

1923 R. Seton Memories Many Years 291 The most interesting of my pontificals was in San Nicola in carcere.

†4. A papal document or edict. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > church government > member of the clergy > clerical superior > pope > papal documents > [noun] > bull

bull1297

brevet1362

bill1450

pontificala1500

bullock1537

legative bull1548

a1500 (c1380) J. Wyclif Eng. Wks. (1880) 480 (MED) Men shulden more trowe hooly werkis þan popis bullis or bischops lettris..alle þes pontificals ben byneþe hooly writ.

5. In the Western Church: a book or manuscript containing the liturgical rites and ceremonies to be performed by a bishop or the Pope.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > artefacts > book (general) > service book (general) > [noun] > episcopal (containing blessings)

pontifical1584

pontificial1660

benedictionary1780

benedictional1832

1584 R. Scot Discouerie Witchcraft xv. xxvii. 444 Certaine coniurations taken out of the pontificall and out of the missall.

1615 Bp. J. Hall Imprese of God i, in Recoll. Treat. 659 If euer play-book were more ridiculous, then their Pontificall, and book of holy Ceremonyes.

1646 Bp. J. Taylor Apol. Litvrgie Pref. §16 A very Cento composed out of the Massbook, Pontifical, Breviaries, Manuals, and Portuises of the Roman Church.

1737 R. Challoner Catholick Christian Instructed xv. 154 Solemn Prayers prescribed in the Pontifical.

1753 J. White Protestant Englishman iv. iv. 293 They..who..are able to read, their Rosaries, hours, Breviaries, Missals, and Pontificals.

1845 J. Lingard Hist. & Antiq. Anglo-Saxon Church (ed. 3) I. vii. 323 The pontifical of Archbishop Egbert.

1875 W. G. Henderson Liber Pontificalis C. Bainbridge p. vi The Pontifical proper begins with fol. 114.

1905 C. E. Osborne Life Fr. Dolling xix. 168 The discovery of the Canons of Hippolytus, and of the Pontifical of Bishop Serapion..has drawn attention to the primitive and Catholic character of this rite.

1932 M. V. Harcourt tr. P. de Puniet Rom. Pontifical i. i. 4 The Missal and the Pontifical while developing independently have remained essentially Roman, although certain parts of them betray a foreign origin.

1999 Speculum 74 831 Such a study..requires familiarity..with myriad liturgical manuscripts, especially pontificals.

†6. A papal or episcopal court. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > church government > ecclesiastical discipline > court > papal court (Curia) > [noun]

Court of Romec1290

pontifical1629

the Curia1840

Vatican1909

1629 J. Gaule Practique Theories Christs Predict. 241 Though their owne Pontificall might Conuent and Accuse, yet must anothers Tribunall Condemne and Execute.

7. A supporter of the Pope or the papacy; a Roman Catholic. Now historical.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > sect > Christianity > Roman Catholicism > person > [noun]

papist1528

Romanist1534

Roman1537

Romist1543

papistic1545

popestant1549

flesh-maker1551

mass-monger1551

Romish1551

Pope catholicc1554

popeling1563

catholic1570

Romish Catholic1571

popera1577

Pope worshipper1579

papane1581

Roman Catholic1581

Cacolike1582

Cartholic1582

papisha1595

Babylonian1603

papal1611

popinian1613

Papalin1616

Romulist1620

papicolist1633

western1640

papagan1641

universalist1644

red-letter man1677

RC1691

Azymite1728

papalist1752

craw-thumper1786

catholicist1812

papisher1817

pontifical1832

Romanite1839

dogan1847

mickey1851

redneck1852

mackerel-snatcher1855

Latin1867

Romanensian1885

Roman candle1897

Mick1902

Mick Dooley1905

Mickey Doo1905

left-footer1911

Pape1927

right-footer1929

Doolan1940

tyke1941

Tim1958

mackerel-snapper1960

Teague1971

Mickey Doolan1972

1832 Times 11 Feb. 2/4 The Pontificals do not dare show themselves without strong Austrian escorts.

1911 Encycl. Brit. XIX. 183/1 The pope was not satisfied and sent an army into Neapolitan territory. On his return Frederick defeated the pontificals.

1997 Past & Present 155 87 Giovanni Maria Buoninsegni, who was captured by the Pontificals on the shore of Lake Trasimene.

B. adj.

I. Of or relating to a pontiff.

a. Of, relating, or appropriate to a high-ranking cleric, esp. a bishop or prelate; episcopal. pontifical mass n. Roman Catholic Church a solemn high mass celebrated by a bishop in full vestments and insignia.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > church government > member of the clergy > clerical superior > [adjective]

spiritual1394

pontificalc1440

prelately?1548

high priestly1582

prelatical1614

Aaronical1620

prelatic1649

papa-prelatical1692

prelatial1721

monsignorial1876

society > faith > church government > member of the clergy > clerical superior > bishop > [adjective]

bishoplyc890

mitredc1400

hornedc1425

pontificalc1440

episcopal1485

bishoplike1544

rocheted?1544

rochet1561

pontificial1591

pontifician1618

lawny1647

episcopalian1822

c1440 Sir Degrevant (Thornton) (1949) 1846 (MED) Solemply a cardenalle With a rynge pontyfycalle, He dyd a messe ryalle.

c1450 Alphabet of Tales (1904) I. 74 (MED) A holie hermett þat saw þis Basilius on a tyme walk in his pontificall abbett.

1503 in A. F. Johnston & M. Rogerson Rec. Early Eng. Drama: York (1979) I. 196 Thabbot of saynt Marie abbey the Bishop Sofregayne of york in theyr pontificall adornamentes.

1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 321/1 Pontyfycall, belongyng to a bysshop, pontifical, episcopal.

1598 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 1 iii. ii. 56 Thus did I keepe my person fresh and new, My presence like a roabe pontificall, Nere seene but wondred at.

1641 J. Milton Reason Church-govt. 24 The rending of your pontificall sleeves.

1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory iii. 176/2 The Mitred Abbot..exerciseth Pontifical, or Episcopal Jurisdictions.

1730 E. Wright Some Observ. France, Italy, &c. I. 191 A Pontifical Mass was celebrated by the Pope himself.

1820 J. Milner Suppl. Mem. Eng. Catholics 66 (note) The distinguished Professor of Divinity and Spiritual Director of the Pontifical Seminary of Douay.

1890 Durham & Northumb. Arch. Trans. 4 19 Mr. Bond..has omitted the Pontifical years of the Bishops of Durham altogether.

1910 Encycl. Brit. I. 378/1 Here on her festival (21st of January) two lambs are specially blessed after pontifical high mass.

1993 Times 20 July 18/6 Solemn Pontifical Concelebrated Mass at 12 noon.

b. spec. Of, belonging to, or relating to the Pope; papal.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > church government > member of the clergy > clerical superior > pope > [adjective]

papala1393

pontifical1447

apostolic1477

antichristian1532

popal1537

popisha1540

popely1558

papist1562

popelike1563

popan1580

papane1581

pontific1609

popizing1611

papizing1612

pontificious1624

papal1701

papalist1867

1447 O. Bokenham Lives of Saints (Arun.) (1938) 3318 Þat he wold be so bestyal To forsakyn his glorye pontifical.

1525 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles II. clv. 426 She came to the popes palays in Auignon, and..went to se the pope, who sate in consystory in a chayre pontyficall.

1614 T. Jackson Third Bk. Comm. Apostles Creede iii. xxxi. §1 Thus did Innocent the third, and other Popes, write diuers books,..as if they had proceeded from their Pontificall authority.

1765 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. I. Introd. iii. 82 Besides these pontifical collections, which, during the times of popery, were received as authentic in this island.

1819 Ld. Byron Let. 26 June (1976) VI. 165 I shall add nothing..on account of the Pontifical post-masters—who open letters.

1866 J. Bryce Holy Rom. Empire (new ed.) xiii. 240 Leo III did not suppose..that it was by his sole pontifical authority that the crown was given to the Frank.

1910 Catholic Encycl. VII. 642/2 Simultaneously pontifical approbation was asked for a new edition of the ‘Formula’.

2004 Los Angeles Times (Nexis) 2 May a1 Pope John Paul II..had held an open-air Mass during his first pontifical visit to Poland.

c. Adhering to or supporting the Pope, the papacy, or the Roman Catholic Church; popish, papistical. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > sect > Christianity > Roman Catholicism > [adjective]

RomanisheOE

Laterana1400

Romana1500

papistical1527

popish1528

antichristian1532

pontifical1533

Babylonical1535

papish1538

Romish1538

papistic1545

west1549

catholic1554

mass-monging1556

western1562

Latin1564

Babylonian1567

Babylonish1570

Romish Catholic?1570

Romanist1572

Roman Catholic1587

papala1593

pseudo-catholical1601

Babylonic1602

pseudo-Catholic1605

Romist1605

Romified1609

Babelish1610

papizing1612

pontifician1612

pontificial1614

Romulean1615

papized1639

Romanistical1646

Romanical1664

papagan1679

popish-like1689

Anglo-Roman1766

papicolar1811

Romanistic1829

pre-Reformation1855

papalistic1861

papalized1879

1533 W. Tyndale Souper of Lorde B vij b Lorde how thys pontificall poet playeth hys parte.

1759 W. Harte Hist. Life Gustavus Adolphus I. 125 His majesty had carried his zeal for popery, by the advice of the pontifical party, to the very precipice of extremity.

1867 Times 21 Oct. 8/4 Many little skirmishes with various results, but in general..in favour of the Pontifical party.

1929 Philos. Rev. 38 489 Though an ardent partisan of the conciliar party against the Papal claims during the Council, he afterward passed over to the ranks of the pontifical party.

2. Stately, dignified; lordly, proud; honourable. Now usually: (depreciative) haughty, arrogant; pompous; dogmatic.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > pride > ostentation > splendour, magnificence, or pomp > [adjective]

wlonkOE

kine-wurtheOE

reala1325

rialc1330

royalc1400

wlonkfulc1400

statelyc1415

pompousc1425

imperial?1435

pontificalc1440

sumptuous1472

magnific1490

magnificenta1530

statelike1534

pompatic1535

magnificala1538

princely1539

portly1548

regal1561

queen-like?1571

haughty1585

portlike1587

Minerva-like1598

lustrous1605

pompatical1610

pontificial1613

commandinga1616

pompal1616

grand1622

splendid1624

pontifician1629

regifical1656

queenly1791

presidential1804

angeliferous1837

slashing1854

sultanesque1862

pageanted1902

society > authority > rule or government > oppression > [adjective] > domineering or overbearing

masterfulc1390

pontificalc1440

overmasterfula1450

headya1513

imperious1529

supercilious1536

masterlya1544

termagant1546

law-like1556

masterlike1580

dictator-like1582

peremptory1590

domineering1598

burly1605

high-handed1606

pontificial1613

lording1629

overlordingc1629

pontifician1629

peremptor1630

dictatory1639

predominant1642

dictatorial1692

pontific1716

overbearing1718

dictativea1774

knock-me-down1848

imponenta1882

bossy1882

heavy-handed1883

seigneurial1970

c1440 S. Scrope tr. C. de Pisan Epist. of Othea (St. John's Cambr.) (1970) 22 Mercury is a planete that yeueth influence of pontificalle behauynge.

1528 W. Tyndale Obed. Christen Man f. cxxx He is a pontificall fellow, that is, prowd and statly.

1589 ‘M. Marprelate’ Epitome F iij As though he could not be as popelike and pontificall, as my Lorde of Canterburie.

1604 R. Cawdrey Table Alphabet. Pontificall, lordly, sumptuous, bishoplike.

a1640 P. Massinger City-Madam (1658) iv. i. 45 Luke. You know Mistris Shave'm? Gettall. The Pontifical Punk?

1672 A. Marvell Rehearsal Transpros'd i. 32 The..leading party of the English Clergy..retained such a Pontifical stiffness towards the foreign Divines.

1750 C. Fleming Devout Laugh 7 He grieves at the utter ruin and desolation of so much pomp and pontifical grandeur.

1888 Times 7 Nov. 9/6 Not in the intolerant and almost pontifical manner assumed by some economists.

1892 19th Cent. Feb. 313 Littré..less provoked..by Comte's arrogance, his pontifical airs, and his hatred of liberty.

1928 A. Ponsonby S. Pepys 4 Irritated by the pontifical instruction of the specialist.

1994 New Republic (Nexis) 18 July 44 In the other essays..he tends to sound callow and even pontifical.

3. In extended use: of, relating to, or denoting a chief priest of any religion; high-priestly.

ΚΠ

a1450 York Plays (1885) 278 (MED) I [sc. Caiaphas] am pontificall prince of all prestis.

1578 T. Nicholas tr. F. Lopez de Gómara Pleasant Hist. Conquest W. India 380 Then came the high priest cloathed in his pontificall vestmentes.

1656 A. Cowley Davideis iv. 150 in Poems It will be therefore askt, Why I make him here perform the office of the High Priest, and dress him in the Pontifical Habits?

1694 Earl of Orrery Herod Great ii. 10 (stage direct.) Annanelus the High-Priest stands drest in all his Pontifical Habits.

1708 S. Ockley Conquest of Syria 121 Omar was invested with the Regal and the Pontifical Dignity, and saluted by universal Consent, The Caliph of the Apostle of God.

1775 J. Adair Hist. Amer. Indians 81 Their pontifical office descends by inheritance to the eldest.

1818 G. S. Faber Horæ Mosaicæ (ed. 2) II. 202 He himself was afterwards transmigratively born again in the body of his pontifical successor Buddas-Addas.

1922 A. Ali Spirit of Islâm viii. 321 They maintain that in addition to..qualities required by the Shiahs proper for the pontifical office, the Imâm should possess bravery.

2001 Jerusalem Post (Nexis) 20 Apr. 9 b Aaron the High Priest is ministering before the nation in all his ‘pontifical’ glory.

4. Roman History. Of or belonging to the pontifices (pontifex n. 1) of ancient Rome.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > church government > member of the clergy > priest > kinds of priest > [adjective] > ancient Roman

pontifical1579

Saliarian1598

pontificial1609

pontific1644

Salian1653

1579 T. North tr. Plutarch Liues 73 The great Pontifex..hath the place, authoritie, and dignitie of the highe prieste and master, of their pontificall lawe.

1738 N. Hooke Rom. Hist. I. iii. 57 At the very time when the inferior Pontifices were chosen by the pontifical college.

1772 J. Taylor Summary Rom. Law 34 As several families had hereditary priesthoods in them, the pontifical college might interfere in adoptions to prevent any fraud in that particular.

1865 E. B. Tylor Res. Early Hist. Mankind vi. 124 This practice, Pliny adds, still remains in the pontifical discipline.

1897 A. Drucker tr. R. von Ihering Evol. Aryans iv. v. 360 All the branches of the pontifical duties may be traced back to the original demands laid upon the technical bridgemakers of the migratory period.

1953 Trans. & Proc. Amer. Philol. Assoc. 84 17 The passage from Festus is one of a series of glosses taken almost in a block from Labeo's work on pontifical law.

1995 Amer. Jrnl. Philol. 116 63 Yet partisan zeal and political expediency, not pontifical doctrine or augural law, best account for such statements.

5. Designating a shade of purple associated with pontifical vestments. Cf. pontiff purple n. at pontiff n. Compounds 2. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > colour > named colours > purple or purpleness > [adjective] > other purples

mulberry-coloured1787

plum-coloured1799

mulberry1803

amaranthine1808

mauve1833

mauve-colour1859

mauve-coloured1860

mauvish1876

pontifical1880

plummy1885

plum1887

petunia1892

palatinate1893

1880 Times 23 Sept. 10/6 Mr. Richard Dean's ‘Vicar of Laleham’, clad in pontifical purple, earned the prize for the best dish of any coloured round potato.

1899 Daily News 27 Feb. 6/6 A new half-mourning dress..in cloth of a pontifical purple tint.

1913 Classical Rev. 27 19/1 The marble temple..where Virgil publicly took upon himself holy orders, and assumed the Maronian pontifical purple.

†II. With reference to the supposed etymology (cf. pontifex n.).

6. Of or relating to bridge-building. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > [adjective] > building bridges

pontifical1667

bridging1891

1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost x. 313 Now had they brought the work by wondrous Art Pontifical, a ridge of pendent Rock Over the vext Abyss.

1887 J. Ruskin Præterita II. xi. 402 The single-arched bridge..signed for sacred pontifical work by a cross high above the parapet.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2006; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	pontifical
释义	pontificaln.adj. Brit. /pɒnˈtɪfᵻkl/, U.S. /pɑnˈtɪfᵻk(ə)l/ Forms: late Middle English pontyfycale, late Middle English pontyfycalle, late Middle English–1500s pontificalle, late Middle English–1500s pontyficall, late Middle English–1600s pontificall, late Middle English– pontifical, 1500s pomtifical (transmission error), 1500s pontificale, 1500s pontifycalle. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French pontifical; Latin pontificalia, pontificale, pontificālis. Etymology: As noun < Anglo-Norman and Middle French, French pontifical the robes of a bishop or priest (c1270 or earlier in Anglo-Norman), a book or manuscript containing the liturgical rites and ceremonies to be performed by a bishop or pope (1374 in Middle French) and its etymon post-classical Latin pontificalia (plural) episcopal vestments (7th cent.; frequently from 12th cent. in British sources), pontificale service-book (from 1296 in British sources), uses as noun of neuter plural and singular respectively of pontificalis , adjective (see below). As adjective < Anglo-Norman and Middle French, French pontifical of, relating, or appropriate to the office or dignity of a bishop or pope (1269 in Old French), relating to the pontifices of ancient Rome (a1380), prestigious (1404) and its etymon classical Latin pontificālis of or belonging to a pontifex or the college of pontifices, in post-classical Latin also of or relating to a bishop (4th or 5th cent. in Jerome), of or relating to the Pope (6th cent.) < pontific- , pontifex pontifex n. + -ālis -al suffix¹. Compare slightly earlier pontificality n. A. n. 1. a. In plural. The robes of a bishop or priest; the vestments and insignia of a bishop, cardinal, or other high-ranking cleric.†Formerly also in singular (obsolete). ΘΚΠ society > faith > artefacts > vestments > clothing of particular functionaries > [noun] > bishop pontificals?1435 pontificalibusa1533 pontificalitya1538 pontificalia1577 pontificials1606 ?1435 ( J. Lydgate Minor Poems (1934) ii. 646 (MED) There to mete him..was the Erchebisshop and the Chaunceller, Lyncoln and Bathe..In pontyficall arrayed richely. a1500 (c1400) St. Erkenwald (1977) 130 (MED) Þe prelate in pontificals was prestly atyride. 1559 in C. Innes Registrum Episcopatus Aberdonensis (1845) I. App. 89 Item the pontificall, viz. a chesabill, 4 tunicks, 3 stols. ?1590–1 J. Burel Discription Queens Entry Edinb. in Poems sig. M2^v The vther Burgissis forby, Wer cled in thair pontificall. 1660 Bp. J. Taylor Ductor Dubitantium I. ii. ii. 308 For a Bishop to ride on hunting in his Pontificals..is against publike honesty. 1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory iii. 176/2 The true shape and depiction of a Bishop in his Pontificals. 1714 A. D. Chancel New Journey Europe 24 The Archbishop that officiates, being in his Pontificals, anoints hi Head. 1774 J. Adams in J. Adams & A. Adams Familiar Lett. (1876) 37 Next morning he [sc. an Episcopal clergyman] appeared with his clerk and in his pontificals, and read several prayers. 1828 Times 2 Dec. 3/1 The Abbot St. Brenard, dressed in pontificals. 1851 D. Wilson Archæol. & Prehistoric Ann. Scotl. ii. vi. 317 The archpriest when robed in his most stately pontificals. 1907 W. W. Capes Reg. Thome de Cantilupo Introd. p. xxii The Dean and Chapter held in trust for the See certain pontificals which were to be handed down from one to another of its Bishops. 1980 Church Times 21 Nov. 12 They stripped off his clothes to put on the full pontificals for burial. b. A pontiff's ring; (also) a ring or other piece of jewellery resembling this. Now historical and rare. ΘΚΠ society > faith > artefacts > vestments > sartorial appurtenances > [noun] > ring regal of Francec1440 pontificala1500 fisher's ring1689 fisherman's ring1728 the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > types of ornamentation > jewellery > ring > [noun] > other types of ring kine-ringc1225 pontificala1500 hoop-ring1545 death's head1577 ring of remembrance1659 serjeant's ring1690 garter-ring1709 bath-ring1771 solitaire1832 regard ring1853 key ring1856 bodylet1870 portrait ring1877 tower-ring1877 whistle-ring1877 marquise1885 princess-ring1886 dinner ring1890 cluster ring1897 eternity ring1939 a1500 Inventory in Archaeologia (1890) 52 214 (MED) Hys Miter & crose beyng Redy wt hys glovys and pontyfycalle. 1507 in J. Raine Testamenta Eboracensia (1869) IV. 319 For a pontificall put upon my lordes fynger in tym of sering [= cering] xvj d. 1508 Will of Joan Hampton (P.R.O.: PROB. 11/15) f. 279 A peyre of owches otherwise callid pontificalles of siluer & gilt. 1551 J. Williams Acct. Monastic Treasures (1836) 48 Gloves, ringes, caled pontifycalles, and two Gospell bookes. 1921 Trans. Sc. Ecclesiol. Soc. 149 A ring described as his larger pontifical is set with a Sapphire surrounded by balas rubies. †2. a. A bishop or other church dignitary. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ society > faith > church government > member of the clergy > clerical superior > bishop > [noun] bishopc897 patriarcheOE bispa1300 ordinarya1325 ordinar?1403 father1418 discretion1421 pontificalc1440 diocesanc1450 rocheter1559 monseigneur1561 pope1563 bite-sheep1570 presul1577 rochet1581 diocesser1606 lawn sleevesc1640 episcopant1641 Right Reverend1681 diocesian1686 lawn-man1795 diocesiarch1805 bish1875 shire-bishop1880 c1440 (?a1400) Morte Arthure 4335 Relygeous reueste in theire riche copes, Pontyficalles and prelates in precyouse wedys. c1475 tr. C. de Pisan Livre du Corps de Policie (Cambr.) (1977) 53 (MED) Ther be many of our pontificalles and prestes in whiche is seyn opynly grete plente of horrible defawtis. b. A company or group of (esp. ecclesiastical) dignitaries. Cf. pontificality n. 2. Obsolete.One of many alleged group names found in late Middle English glossarial sources, but not otherwise substantiated. ΘΚΠ society > faith > church government > member of the clergy > clerical superior > [noun] bishopc893 prelate?c1225 prince of priests?c1225 high priestc1400 pontificala1450 emperor clerkc1475 gentleman untrial1486 dignitya1525 Aaron1565 hierarch1574 presul1577 monsignor1579 church governor1588 pontiff1589 archbishop1600 monseigneur1601 monsignor1611 sheikh1613 protomist1619 Mar1622 hyperochality1637 protarch1654 pontifex1655 prelatical1658 dignitary1672 hierophanta1676 Monsig.1698 ecclesiarch1781 arch-pontiff1790 Mgr1848 Msgr.1868 patriarch- society > faith > church government > member of the clergy > clerical superior > [noun] > collectively prelacya1393 Lords Spiritual1404 pontificala1450 pontificality1486 prelatry1641 prelature1820 a1450 Terms Assoc. in PMLA (1936) 51 604 (MED) A pontificalle of prynces, a pontificalle of prelatys. c1475 in J. Hodgkin Proper Terms (1909) 52 (MED) A Pontyfycalle of Prestysse. ?1478 Lydgate's Horse, Goose & Sheep (Caxton) (1822) 31 A pontifical of prelates, a state of princes, a dignite of chanons. c. depreciative. With capital initial. An adherent or supporter of episcopacy, pontifical ceremony, etc., in the Anglican Church, esp. during the reign of Elizabeth I. Cf. puritan n. 1a. Obsolete. rare (historical in later use). ΘΚΠ society > faith > church government > member of the clergy > clerical superior > [noun] > adherent of subjectc1350 pontifical1591 pontifician1612 pontificial1631 papa-prelatist1816 1591 H. Barrow Plaine Refut. Giffardes Bk. 134 Herehence ariseth these schismes and sectes in the Church of England..these are herevpon called Precitians, or Puritanes, and nowe lately Martinistes. The other opposite side are the Pontificales. ?1591 H. Barrow Brief Discouerie False Church 189 The Pontificals proceed yet further to open their mouthes vnto more accursed blasphemie. 1874 L. Bacon Genesis New Eng. Church xviii. 403 The ‘Pontificals’ were never called ‘forward preachers’ either by Puritans or by Separatists. 3. In plural: †the offices or duties of a bishop (obsolete rare). In later use (in singular): a ceremonial rite or observance celebrated pontifically; a pontifical mass. Also: †the office of a pope or other high-ranking cleric (obsolete rare). ΘΚΠ society > faith > church government > member of the clergy > clerical superior > [noun] > office of prelacya1387 pontificals?a1475 officialshipc1475 bishopric1520 high priesthood1535 superintendence1561 prelateship1570 pontificality1593 officiality1597 prelature1602 prelation1611 prelaty1641 pontificacy1665 pontificate1702 officialty1720 presulate1853 society > faith > worship > observance, ritual > kinds of rite > pontifical > [noun] pontificals1691 pontificality1841 society > faith > worship > sacrament > communion > mass > kinds of mass > [noun] > pontifical pontificals1923 ?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1872) IV. 405 To fullefille the ministery off pristes to the peple..and notte the pontificalles [a1387 J. Trevisaoffice of bisshoppes; L. pontificalia]. 1567 Compend. Bk. Godly Songs (1897) 178 Thocht thow be Paip or Cardinall, Sa heich in thy Pontificall. 1621 R. Montagu Diatribæ Hist. Tithes 459 Hee was..skilfull in the Romane Histories, Religion, Pontificals, and Ceremonies. 1691 A. Gavin Frauds Romish Monks (ed. 3) 223 She had been so extreamly satisfi'd with the Pontifical, which had been celebrated with so much Pomp and Majesty. 1744 W. Wilkes Let. Advice Young Lady 36 The other attributes great Merit to certain Dresses, Postures, Pontificals, and Ceremonies. 1923 R. Seton Memories Many Years 291 The most interesting of my pontificals was in San Nicola in carcere. †4. A papal document or edict. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ society > faith > church government > member of the clergy > clerical superior > pope > papal documents > [noun] > bull bull1297 brevet1362 bill1450 pontificala1500 bullock1537 legative bull1548 a1500 (c1380) J. Wyclif Eng. Wks. (1880) 480 (MED) Men shulden more trowe hooly werkis þan popis bullis or bischops lettris..alle þes pontificals ben byneþe hooly writ. 5. In the Western Church: a book or manuscript containing the liturgical rites and ceremonies to be performed by a bishop or the Pope. ΘΚΠ society > faith > artefacts > book (general) > service book (general) > [noun] > episcopal (containing blessings) pontifical1584 pontificial1660 benedictionary1780 benedictional1832 1584 R. Scot Discouerie Witchcraft xv. xxvii. 444 Certaine coniurations taken out of the pontificall and out of the missall. 1615 Bp. J. Hall Imprese of God i, in Recoll. Treat. 659 If euer play-book were more ridiculous, then their Pontificall, and book of holy Ceremonyes. 1646 Bp. J. Taylor Apol. Litvrgie Pref. §16 A very Cento composed out of the Massbook, Pontifical, Breviaries, Manuals, and Portuises of the Roman Church. 1737 R. Challoner Catholick Christian Instructed xv. 154 Solemn Prayers prescribed in the Pontifical. 1753 J. White Protestant Englishman iv. iv. 293 They..who..are able to read, their Rosaries, hours, Breviaries, Missals, and Pontificals. 1845 J. Lingard Hist. & Antiq. Anglo-Saxon Church (ed. 3) I. vii. 323 The pontifical of Archbishop Egbert. 1875 W. G. Henderson Liber Pontificalis C. Bainbridge p. vi The Pontifical proper begins with fol. 114. 1905 C. E. Osborne Life Fr. Dolling xix. 168 The discovery of the Canons of Hippolytus, and of the Pontifical of Bishop Serapion..has drawn attention to the primitive and Catholic character of this rite. 1932 M. V. Harcourt tr. P. de Puniet Rom. Pontifical i. i. 4 The Missal and the Pontifical while developing independently have remained essentially Roman, although certain parts of them betray a foreign origin. 1999 Speculum 74 831 Such a study..requires familiarity..with myriad liturgical manuscripts, especially pontificals. †6. A papal or episcopal court. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ society > faith > church government > ecclesiastical discipline > court > papal court (Curia) > [noun] Court of Romec1290 pontifical1629 the Curia1840 Vatican1909 1629 J. Gaule Practique Theories Christs Predict. 241 Though their owne Pontificall might Conuent and Accuse, yet must anothers Tribunall Condemne and Execute. 7. A supporter of the Pope or the papacy; a Roman Catholic. Now historical. ΘΚΠ society > faith > sect > Christianity > Roman Catholicism > person > [noun] papist1528 Romanist1534 Roman1537 Romist1543 papistic1545 popestant1549 flesh-maker1551 mass-monger1551 Romish1551 Pope catholicc1554 popeling1563 catholic1570 Romish Catholic1571 popera1577 Pope worshipper1579 papane1581 Roman Catholic1581 Cacolike1582 Cartholic1582 papisha1595 Babylonian1603 papal1611 popinian1613 Papalin1616 Romulist1620 papicolist1633 western1640 papagan1641 universalist1644 red-letter man1677 RC1691 Azymite1728 papalist1752 craw-thumper1786 catholicist1812 papisher1817 pontifical1832 Romanite1839 dogan1847 mickey1851 redneck1852 mackerel-snatcher1855 Latin1867 Romanensian1885 Roman candle1897 Mick1902 Mick Dooley1905 Mickey Doo1905 left-footer1911 Pape1927 right-footer1929 Doolan1940 tyke1941 Tim1958 mackerel-snapper1960 Teague1971 Mickey Doolan1972 1832 Times 11 Feb. 2/4 The Pontificals do not dare show themselves without strong Austrian escorts. 1911 Encycl. Brit. XIX. 183/1 The pope was not satisfied and sent an army into Neapolitan territory. On his return Frederick defeated the pontificals. 1997 Past & Present 155 87 Giovanni Maria Buoninsegni, who was captured by the Pontificals on the shore of Lake Trasimene. B. adj. I. Of or relating to a pontiff. 1. a. Of, relating, or appropriate to a high-ranking cleric, esp. a bishop or prelate; episcopal. pontifical mass n. Roman Catholic Church a solemn high mass celebrated by a bishop in full vestments and insignia. ΘΚΠ society > faith > church government > member of the clergy > clerical superior > [adjective] spiritual1394 pontificalc1440 prelately?1548 high priestly1582 prelatical1614 Aaronical1620 prelatic1649 papa-prelatical1692 prelatial1721 monsignorial1876 society > faith > church government > member of the clergy > clerical superior > bishop > [adjective] bishoplyc890 mitredc1400 hornedc1425 pontificalc1440 episcopal1485 bishoplike1544 rocheted?1544 rochet1561 pontificial1591 pontifician1618 lawny1647 episcopalian1822 c1440 Sir Degrevant (Thornton) (1949) 1846 (MED) Solemply a cardenalle With a rynge pontyfycalle, He dyd a messe ryalle. c1450 Alphabet of Tales (1904) I. 74 (MED) A holie hermett þat saw þis Basilius on a tyme walk in his pontificall abbett. 1503 in A. F. Johnston & M. Rogerson Rec. Early Eng. Drama: York (1979) I. 196 Thabbot of saynt Marie abbey the Bishop Sofregayne of york in theyr pontificall adornamentes. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 321/1 Pontyfycall, belongyng to a bysshop, pontifical, episcopal. 1598 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 1 iii. ii. 56 Thus did I keepe my person fresh and new, My presence like a roabe pontificall, Nere seene but wondred at. View more context for this quotation 1641 J. Milton Reason Church-govt. 24 The rending of your pontificall sleeves. 1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory iii. 176/2 The Mitred Abbot..exerciseth Pontifical, or Episcopal Jurisdictions. 1730 E. Wright Some Observ. France, Italy, &c. I. 191 A Pontifical Mass was celebrated by the Pope himself. 1820 J. Milner Suppl. Mem. Eng. Catholics 66 (note) The distinguished Professor of Divinity and Spiritual Director of the Pontifical Seminary of Douay. 1890 Durham & Northumb. Arch. Trans. 4 19 Mr. Bond..has omitted the Pontifical years of the Bishops of Durham altogether. 1910 Encycl. Brit. I. 378/1 Here on her festival (21st of January) two lambs are specially blessed after pontifical high mass. 1993 Times 20 July 18/6 Solemn Pontifical Concelebrated Mass at 12 noon. b. spec. Of, belonging to, or relating to the Pope; papal. ΘΚΠ society > faith > church government > member of the clergy > clerical superior > pope > [adjective] papala1393 pontifical1447 apostolic1477 antichristian1532 popal1537 popisha1540 popely1558 papist1562 popelike1563 popan1580 papane1581 pontific1609 popizing1611 papizing1612 pontificious1624 papal1701 papalist1867 1447 O. Bokenham Lives of Saints (Arun.) (1938) 3318 Þat he wold be so bestyal To forsakyn his glorye pontifical. 1525 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles II. clv. 426 She came to the popes palays in Auignon, and..went to se the pope, who sate in consystory in a chayre pontyficall. 1614 T. Jackson Third Bk. Comm. Apostles Creede iii. xxxi. §1 Thus did Innocent the third, and other Popes, write diuers books,..as if they had proceeded from their Pontificall authority. 1765 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. I. Introd. iii. 82 Besides these pontifical collections, which, during the times of popery, were received as authentic in this island. 1819 Ld. Byron Let. 26 June (1976) VI. 165 I shall add nothing..on account of the Pontifical post-masters—who open letters. 1866 J. Bryce Holy Rom. Empire (new ed.) xiii. 240 Leo III did not suppose..that it was by his sole pontifical authority that the crown was given to the Frank. 1910 Catholic Encycl. VII. 642/2 Simultaneously pontifical approbation was asked for a new edition of the ‘Formula’. 2004 Los Angeles Times (Nexis) 2 May a1 Pope John Paul II..had held an open-air Mass during his first pontifical visit to Poland. c. Adhering to or supporting the Pope, the papacy, or the Roman Catholic Church; popish, papistical. Now rare. ΘΚΠ society > faith > sect > Christianity > Roman Catholicism > [adjective] RomanisheOE Laterana1400 Romana1500 papistical1527 popish1528 antichristian1532 pontifical1533 Babylonical1535 papish1538 Romish1538 papistic1545 west1549 catholic1554 catholic1554 mass-monging1556 western1562 Latin1564 Babylonian1567 Babylonish1570 Romish Catholic?1570 Romanist1572 Roman Catholic1587 papala1593 pseudo-catholical1601 Babylonic1602 pseudo-Catholic1605 Romist1605 Romified1609 Babelish1610 papizing1612 pontifician1612 pontificial1614 Romulean1615 papized1639 Romanistical1646 Romanical1664 papagan1679 popish-like1689 Anglo-Roman1766 papicolar1811 Romanistic1829 pre-Reformation1855 papalistic1861 papalized1879 1533 W. Tyndale Souper of Lorde B vij b Lorde how thys pontificall poet playeth hys parte. 1759 W. Harte Hist. Life Gustavus Adolphus I. 125 His majesty had carried his zeal for popery, by the advice of the pontifical party, to the very precipice of extremity. 1867 Times 21 Oct. 8/4 Many little skirmishes with various results, but in general..in favour of the Pontifical party. 1929 Philos. Rev. 38 489 Though an ardent partisan of the conciliar party against the Papal claims during the Council, he afterward passed over to the ranks of the pontifical party. 2. Stately, dignified; lordly, proud; honourable. Now usually: (depreciative) haughty, arrogant; pompous; dogmatic. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > pride > ostentation > splendour, magnificence, or pomp > [adjective] wlonkOE kine-wurtheOE reala1325 rialc1330 royalc1400 wlonkfulc1400 statelyc1415 pompousc1425 imperial?1435 pontificalc1440 sumptuous1472 magnific1490 magnificenta1530 statelike1534 pompatic1535 magnificala1538 princely1539 portly1548 regal1561 queen-like?1571 haughty1585 portlike1587 Minerva-like1598 lustrous1605 pompatical1610 pontificial1613 commandinga1616 pompal1616 grand1622 splendid1624 pontifician1629 regifical1656 queenly1791 presidential1804 angeliferous1837 slashing1854 sultanesque1862 pageanted1902 society > authority > rule or government > oppression > [adjective] > domineering or overbearing masterfulc1390 pontificalc1440 overmasterfula1450 headya1513 imperious1529 supercilious1536 masterlya1544 termagant1546 law-like1556 masterlike1580 dictator-like1582 peremptory1590 domineering1598 burly1605 high-handed1606 pontificial1613 lording1629 overlordingc1629 pontifician1629 peremptor1630 dictatory1639 predominant1642 dictatorial1692 pontific1716 overbearing1718 dictativea1774 knock-me-down1848 imponenta1882 bossy1882 heavy-handed1883 seigneurial1970 c1440 S. Scrope tr. C. de Pisan Epist. of Othea (St. John's Cambr.) (1970) 22 Mercury is a planete that yeueth influence of pontificalle behauynge. 1528 W. Tyndale Obed. Christen Man f. cxxx He is a pontificall fellow, that is, prowd and statly. 1589 ‘M. Marprelate’ Epitome F iij As though he could not be as popelike and pontificall, as my Lorde of Canterburie. 1604 R. Cawdrey Table Alphabet. Pontificall, lordly, sumptuous, bishoplike. a1640 P. Massinger City-Madam (1658) iv. i. 45 Luke. You know Mistris Shave'm? Gettall. The Pontifical Punk? 1672 A. Marvell Rehearsal Transpros'd i. 32 The..leading party of the English Clergy..retained such a Pontifical stiffness towards the foreign Divines. 1750 C. Fleming Devout Laugh 7 He grieves at the utter ruin and desolation of so much pomp and pontifical grandeur. 1888 Times 7 Nov. 9/6 Not in the intolerant and almost pontifical manner assumed by some economists. 1892 19th Cent. Feb. 313 Littré..less provoked..by Comte's arrogance, his pontifical airs, and his hatred of liberty. 1928 A. Ponsonby S. Pepys 4 Irritated by the pontifical instruction of the specialist. 1994 New Republic (Nexis) 18 July 44 In the other essays..he tends to sound callow and even pontifical. 3. In extended use: of, relating to, or denoting a chief priest of any religion; high-priestly. ΚΠ a1450 York Plays (1885) 278 (MED) I [sc. Caiaphas] am pontificall prince of all prestis. 1578 T. Nicholas tr. F. Lopez de Gómara Pleasant Hist. Conquest W. India 380 Then came the high priest cloathed in his pontificall vestmentes. 1656 A. Cowley Davideis iv. 150 in Poems It will be therefore askt, Why I make him here perform the office of the High Priest, and dress him in the Pontifical Habits? 1694 Earl of Orrery Herod Great ii. 10 (stage direct.) Annanelus the High-Priest stands drest in all his Pontifical Habits. 1708 S. Ockley Conquest of Syria 121 Omar was invested with the Regal and the Pontifical Dignity, and saluted by universal Consent, The Caliph of the Apostle of God. 1775 J. Adair Hist. Amer. Indians 81 Their pontifical office descends by inheritance to the eldest. 1818 G. S. Faber Horæ Mosaicæ (ed. 2) II. 202 He himself was afterwards transmigratively born again in the body of his pontifical successor Buddas-Addas. 1922 A. Ali Spirit of Islâm viii. 321 They maintain that in addition to..qualities required by the Shiahs proper for the pontifical office, the Imâm should possess bravery. 2001 Jerusalem Post (Nexis) 20 Apr. 9 b Aaron the High Priest is ministering before the nation in all his ‘pontifical’ glory. 4. Roman History. Of or belonging to the pontifices (pontifex n. 1) of ancient Rome. ΘΚΠ society > faith > church government > member of the clergy > priest > kinds of priest > [adjective] > ancient Roman pontifical1579 Saliarian1598 pontificial1609 pontific1644 Salian1653 1579 T. North tr. Plutarch Liues 73 The great Pontifex..hath the place, authoritie, and dignitie of the highe prieste and master, of their pontificall lawe. 1738 N. Hooke Rom. Hist. I. iii. 57 At the very time when the inferior Pontifices were chosen by the pontifical college. 1772 J. Taylor Summary Rom. Law 34 As several families had hereditary priesthoods in them, the pontifical college might interfere in adoptions to prevent any fraud in that particular. 1865 E. B. Tylor Res. Early Hist. Mankind vi. 124 This practice, Pliny adds, still remains in the pontifical discipline. 1897 A. Drucker tr. R. von Ihering Evol. Aryans iv. v. 360 All the branches of the pontifical duties may be traced back to the original demands laid upon the technical bridgemakers of the migratory period. 1953 Trans. & Proc. Amer. Philol. Assoc. 84 17 The passage from Festus is one of a series of glosses taken almost in a block from Labeo's work on pontifical law. 1995 Amer. Jrnl. Philol. 116 63 Yet partisan zeal and political expediency, not pontifical doctrine or augural law, best account for such statements. 5. Designating a shade of purple associated with pontifical vestments. Cf. pontiff purple n. at pontiff n. Compounds 2. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > colour > named colours > purple or purpleness > [adjective] > other purples mulberry-coloured1787 plum-coloured1799 mulberry1803 amaranthine1808 mauve1833 mauve-colour1859 mauve-coloured1860 mauvish1876 pontifical1880 plummy1885 plum1887 petunia1892 palatinate1893 1880 Times 23 Sept. 10/6 Mr. Richard Dean's ‘Vicar of Laleham’, clad in pontifical purple, earned the prize for the best dish of any coloured round potato. 1899 Daily News 27 Feb. 6/6 A new half-mourning dress..in cloth of a pontifical purple tint. 1913 Classical Rev. 27 19/1 The marble temple..where Virgil publicly took upon himself holy orders, and assumed the Maronian pontifical purple. †II. With reference to the supposed etymology (cf. pontifex n.). 6. Of or relating to bridge-building. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > [adjective] > building bridges pontifical1667 bridging1891 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost x. 313 Now had they brought the work by wondrous Art Pontifical, a ridge of pendent Rock Over the vext Abyss. View more context for this quotation 1887 J. Ruskin Præterita II. xi. 402 The single-arched bridge..signed for sacred pontifical work by a cross high above the parapet. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2006; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.adj.?1435
随便看	to play the game of to play the gemini to play the gib to play the giddy goat to play the giddy ox to play the goat to play the god to play the goodfellow to play the harlot to play the harlot formerly also harlots to play the hobby-horse to play the hobbyhorse to play the hop to play the jack to play the jacks to play the knave to play the loon to play the lord of the manor to play the lubber to play the man to play the merchant with to play the mischief to play the mischief with to play the murphy to play the naught