pont-levisn.

Brit.

/ˌpɒn(t)ˈlɛvi/, U.S.

/ˌpɑntˈlɛvi/

Inflections: Plural unchanged, ponts-levis.

Forms: late Middle English pount leveiz (plural), 1700s pontlevi's (in sense 2), 1700s– pont-levis.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French pont-levis.

Etymology: Originally < Middle French pont-levis drawbridge (a1483; earlier in Old French as pont levëis (c1200); French pont-levis ) < pont pont n.¹ + levis able to be moved up and down < post-classical Latin levaticius (late 13th cent. in Gascon sources in pons levaticius , also pons levadicius ) < classical Latin levāt- , past participial stem of levāre to raise (see leve v.³) + -īcius (see -itious suffix¹). Compare Old Occitan pont levaditz (1384). In later use reborrowed < French pont-levis (apparently not recorded in dictionaries of French in sense 2 until later: 1798 or earlier).

1. A drawbridge.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > defence > defensive work(s) > moat > [noun] > draw-bridge

bridgec1275

tu-brugge1297

draught-bridgec1330

draughtc1400

drawbridgec1400

flying bridge1489

pont-levis1489

trap-bridge1585

drawing bridge1591

sluice1642

pont tornerec1650

society > travel > means of travel > route or way > other means of passage or access > [noun] > bridge > lifting-bridge > draw-bridge

bridgec1275

tu-brugge1297

draught-bridgec1330

draughtc1400

drawbridgec1400

flying bridge1489

pont-levis1489

trap-bridge1585

drawing bridge1591

sluice1642

1489 W. Caxton tr. C. de Pisan Bk. Fayttes of Armes ii. xxxv. K ij Pount leveiz that be made faste therto whiche are called flyghyng brygges.

1734 Builder's Dict. I. at Bridge The Pier at the End, towards the Pont Levis..has one Sixth of the greatest Width.

1844 R. Browning Sibrandus Schafnaburgensis in Hood's Mag. July 47 Yonder's a plum-tree, with a crevice..a lap of moss, like a fine pont-levis In a castle of the middle age, Joins to a lip of gum, pure amber.

1928 J. W. Thompson Feudal Germany i. ix. 308 Early German castles were without bastions, portcullis, pontlevis, all of which devices were imported from France.

2003 Observer (Nexis) 1 June 8 The ponts-levis or drawbridges were less scary but physically arduous.

†2. Horse Riding. Repeated or persistent rearing up by a horse, in resistance to its rider. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > family Equidae (general equines) > habits and actions of horse > [noun] > rearing or plunging

escapade1672

rearing1688

pont-levis1705

1705 tr. G. Guillet de Saint-Georges Gentleman's Dict. i Pontlevis, is a disorderly resisting Action of a Horse, in disobedience to his Rider.

1727 N. Bailey Universal Etymol. Eng. Dict. II Pontlevi's (in Horsemanship) is a disorderly resisting Action of a Horse in Disobedience to his Rider, in which he rears up several Times running, and rises up so upon his hind Legs, that he is in Danger of coming over.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	pont-levis
释义	pont-levisn. Brit. /ˌpɒn(t)ˈlɛvi/, U.S. /ˌpɑntˈlɛvi/ Inflections: Plural unchanged, ponts-levis. Forms: late Middle English pount leveiz (plural), 1700s pontlevi's (in sense 2), 1700s– pont-levis. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French pont-levis. Etymology: Originally < Middle French pont-levis drawbridge (a1483; earlier in Old French as pont levëis (c1200); French pont-levis ) < pont pont n.¹ + levis able to be moved up and down < post-classical Latin levaticius (late 13th cent. in Gascon sources in pons levaticius , also pons levadicius ) < classical Latin levāt- , past participial stem of levāre to raise (see leve v.³) + -īcius (see -itious suffix¹). Compare Old Occitan pont levaditz (1384). In later use reborrowed < French pont-levis (apparently not recorded in dictionaries of French in sense 2 until later: 1798 or earlier). 1. A drawbridge. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > defence > defensive work(s) > moat > [noun] > draw-bridge bridgec1275 tu-brugge1297 draught-bridgec1330 draughtc1400 drawbridgec1400 flying bridge1489 pont-levis1489 trap-bridge1585 drawing bridge1591 sluice1642 pont tornerec1650 society > travel > means of travel > route or way > other means of passage or access > [noun] > bridge > lifting-bridge > draw-bridge bridgec1275 tu-brugge1297 draught-bridgec1330 draughtc1400 drawbridgec1400 flying bridge1489 pont-levis1489 trap-bridge1585 drawing bridge1591 sluice1642 1489 W. Caxton tr. C. de Pisan Bk. Fayttes of Armes ii. xxxv. K ij Pount leveiz that be made faste therto whiche are called flyghyng brygges. 1734 Builder's Dict. I. at Bridge The Pier at the End, towards the Pont Levis..has one Sixth of the greatest Width. 1844 R. Browning Sibrandus Schafnaburgensis in Hood's Mag. July 47 Yonder's a plum-tree, with a crevice..a lap of moss, like a fine pont-levis In a castle of the middle age, Joins to a lip of gum, pure amber. 1928 J. W. Thompson Feudal Germany i. ix. 308 Early German castles were without bastions, portcullis, pontlevis, all of which devices were imported from France. 2003 Observer (Nexis) 1 June 8 The ponts-levis or drawbridges were less scary but physically arduous. †2. Horse Riding. Repeated or persistent rearing up by a horse, in resistance to its rider. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > family Equidae (general equines) > habits and actions of horse > [noun] > rearing or plunging escapade1672 rearing1688 pont-levis1705 1705 tr. G. Guillet de Saint-Georges Gentleman's Dict. i Pontlevis, is a disorderly resisting Action of a Horse, in disobedience to his Rider. 1727 N. Bailey Universal Etymol. Eng. Dict. II Pontlevi's (in Horsemanship) is a disorderly resisting Action of a Horse in Disobedience to his Rider, in which he rears up several Times running, and rises up so upon his hind Legs, that he is in Danger of coming over. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1489
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