pompionn.adj.

Brit.

/ˈpɒmpɪən/, U.S.

/ˈpɑmpiən/

Forms:

α. 1500s–1600s pompon, 1500s–1600s pompone.

β. 1500s pompine, 1500s–1600s pompeon, 1500s– pompion, 1600s pompean, 1600s pompian.

γ. 1500s– pumpion, 1600s pumpeon, 1600s pumpian, 1600s pumpine, 1800s– pumpin (English regional (Kent)).

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French pompon.

Etymology: < Middle French, French †pompon a kind of pumpkin or melon (1393), shaddock (a1677 as pompone in the passage translated in quot. 1678 at sense A. 1b, where it is reported as a local word; apparently not otherwise recorded, although compare pampelmoes n.) < (with nasal infix) Italian (originally and chiefly regional: Tuscany) popone (1288) < classical Latin pepōn- , pepō pepon n. Compare Middle French, French †popon (a1506 in Middle French), †poupon (1488 in Middle French; French regional (southern) poupoun ) and the French words cited at pepon n. The β and γ forms (which are apparently not paralleled in French or in other Romance languages) show subsequent alterations after words ending in -ion or -eon ; compare also later pompillion n. and especially later pumpkin n.The figurative uses at senses A. 2 and B. are apparently not paralleled in French.

Now rare.

A. n.

a. = pumpkin n. 1.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular vegetables > [noun] > fruits as vegetables > pumpkin

peponOE

pompion1526

pompillion1598

turquin1600

pumpkin1647

calabash1658

potiron1658

winter squash1771

zucca1818

kabocha1884

sugared pumpkin1884

sugar-pumpkin1905

Ceylon pumpkin1913

trombone1946

Queensland blue1956

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular vegetables > [noun] > fruits as vegetables > pumpkin > pumpkin plant

peponOE

citrula1398

pompion1526

pumpkin vine1648

pumpkin1698

summer squash1801

α.

1526 Grete Herball cccii. sig. Rii/2 Melons that we call pompous [read pompons] be of two maners.

1542 T. Elyot Bibliotheca Pepo,..a kynde of Melones, callyd Pompones.

1587 W. Harrison Descr. Eng. (1877) ii. xiii. i. 259 An acre of ground..whereon to set cabbages..pompons, or such like stuffe.

1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World II. xix. v. 14 Now when they exceed in greatnes, they be called Pepones, i. Melons or Pompons.

β. 1573 T. Tusser Fiue Hundreth Points Good Husbandry f. 40 Herbs & rootes to boyle or to butter... Pompiones [1577 Pompions], in May.1577 B. Googe tr. C. Heresbach Foure Bks. Husbandry ii. f. 91 Yf they [sc. citrons] be very great and round lyke Pompeons, they call them Pomecydrons.1588 R. Parke tr. J. G. de Mendoza Comm. Notable Thinges in tr. J. G. de Mendoza Hist. Kingdome of China 326 They haue great store of Maiz,..pompines and mellons.1593 Hill's Profitable Arte Gardening (new ed.) 147 Melons, and all kindes of the Pompions, desire..the same earth and aire which the Citrones and Cucumbers doe.1597 J. Gerard Herball ii. cccxxx. 772 The great melon or Pompion bringeth foorth thicke and rough prickly stalkes, which with their clasping tendrels take holde vpon such things that are neere vnto them.1640 R. Brome Sparagus Garden iii. viii Pompeons are as good meat for such a hoggish thing as thou art.1657 R. Ligon True Hist. Barbados 33 Pompians of a rare kind, almost as sweet as Milions.1731 Pennsylvania Gaz. 29 Apr.–6 May A black sandy Mould..which when cleared yields a tolerable Crop of Indian Corn and Beans, but of Potatoes of the Bermudas sort; Squashes, Pompions, and the like, a vast Increase.1757 N. Owen Jrnl. 27 May in E. Martin Jrnl. Slave-dealer (1930) 73 I imploy..my time in sowing and planting watermelons, pompions,..and other things that's necescery for our houshould use.1828 W. Irving Life C. Columbus (1848) I. xii. 380 Melons, gourds, pompions, and cucumbers.1864 C. de W. Brownell Indian Races N. & S. Amer. 214 Their wigwams..stood in the midst of the planting grounds where they raised their beans, corn, and pompions.1910 R. Kipling Rewards & Fairies 64 This was a picture of Jonah and the pompion that withered.1934 E. Q. Hawk Econ. Hist. South iii. 62 As the corn grew, a hill of dirt was piled up around the roots. Between the hills squashes and pompions were often planted.γ. 1599 R. Gardiner Profitable Instr. Kitchin Gardens sig. Biv^v Pumpions, Cucumbers, Beanes and Radish seedes.1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §486 Take Cucumbers, or Pumpions, and set them (here and there) among Musk Melons.1693 J. Evelyn tr. J. de La Quintinie Compl. Gard'ner ii. vi. vi. 192 Citrulls or ordinary Pompions, Pumpions, or Pumkins, and Potirons, or flat Pumpions, as every body knows, are the biggest productions the Earth brings forth in our Climates.1766 W. Kenrick Falstaff's Wedding iii. iii. 37 Hast thou never seen a scoop'd pumpion set over a candle's-end, on a gate post, to frighten ale wives from gossiping by owl-light?1796 C. Marshall Introd. Knowl. & Pract. Gardening xv. 317 Pumpions..are raised on a hot-bed in April, or May.1824 J. C. Loudon Encycl. Gardening (ed. 2) iii. i. 674 The pumpkin, pumpion, or more correctly, pompion... This is the melon or millon of our early horticulturists, the true melon being formerly distinguished by the name of musk-melon.1981 D. Hoffman Brotherly Love 126 He who planted pumpion and corn is now a hunter.

†b. A shaddock or pomelo, the fruit of Citrus maxima. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular types of fruit > [noun] > citrus fruit > pampelmouse or pomelo

paradise apple1598

pompion1678

pampelmoes1697

shaddock1707

pomelo1803

1678 J. Phillips tr. J.-B. Tavernier Indian Trav. iii. xxiii. 199 in tr. J.-B. Tavernier Six Voy. Coming to Bantam..We had also Mango's, and a certain large Fruit call'd Pompone [Fr. gros fruit qu'ils nomment Pompone], red also within, the meat of it being soft and spungy, but of an excellent taste.

1704 tr. J. Nieuhof Voy. E.-Indies in A. Churchill & J. Churchill Coll. Voy. II. 326 The apples call'd pompions by the Dutch [Du. De vruchten of appelen, pompelmoesen by d'onzen..genoemt],..grow scarce anywhere else in the Indies but in the Isle of Great Java.

2. derogatory. A fat man. archaic in later use.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > bodily height > tallness > [noun] > and broadness > person

giant1559

Hercules1567

Gogmagogc1580

cob1582

Gargantuist1593

hulk1600

rhinoceros1602

colossus1605

pompiona1616

lump1630

strapper1675

man-mountain1726

Brobdingnagian1728

grenadier1805

butt-cut1806

gorilla1884

King Kong1933

hunk1941

a1616 W. Shakespeare Merry Wives of Windsor (1623) iii. iii. 38 We'l vse this vnwholsome humidity, this grosse-watry Pumpion.

a1625 J. Fletcher Rule a Wife (1640) i. 9 O here's another Pumpion,..the cram'd sonne Of a starv'd Vsurer.

a1640 J. Fletcher & P. Massinger Custome of Countrey i. ii, in F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Comedies & Trag. (1647) sig. Aa3 What Should I call the? Pompean, Thou kisse my Lady?

1957 E. Dahlberg Sorrows of Priapus ii. 25 It is easier, however, to recognize the head of a pompion or a gross churl than to discern a wise head.

†B. adj.

Of language: overblown, magniloquent. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > literature > style of language or writing > ornateness > [adjective] > inflated or bombastic

fleshyc1369

windya1382

unmeasureda1425

puffing1566

embossed1578

puffed1587

bombasted1589

fustian1592

puffya1594

full-mouthed1594

orificial1594

gouty1595

swelling1597

mouth-filling1598

taffeta1598

bombast1601

tiptoe-strouting1602

turgidous1602

swollen1605

dropsieda1616

exsufflicatea1616

turgent1621

ampullous1622

tympanous1625

high-flown1632

tumorousa1637

blustered1638

tumid1648

bombastical1649

ranting1650

inflated1652

tuftaffetya1658

pompiona1670

bombastic1704

dropsical1721

thundering1725

turgid1725

exsuffolate1744

Lexiphanic1767

hi cockalorum1783

Ossianic1788

mouthing1814

mouthy1827

sophomoric1837

highfalutin1839

sophomorical1847

spread eagle1853

tumescent1882

Herodian1886

Ossianesque1889

Barnumesque1890

a1670 J. Hacket Scrinia Reserata (1693) i. 120 Without pumpian words and ruffling grandiloquence.

Compounds

C1. General attributive.

† pompion-bottle n. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1672 H. Oldenburg tr. F. Bernier Contin. Mem. conc. Empire Great Mogol III. 16 That..the servants may easily, with their Pompion-bottles, water them.

† pompion-shell n. Obsolete

ΚΠ

1612 J. Smith Map of Virginia 28 Their chiefe instruments are Rattels made of small gourds or Pumpions shels.

a1835 H. C. Knight in E. A. Duckinck Cyclopedia Amer. Lit. (1875) 871/1 He..shows his pompion shell, with eyes, and mouth, And candle fitted.

† pompion-twine n. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1840 R. Browning Sordello ii. 775 Observe a pompion-twine afloat.

C2.

† pompion berry n. [perhaps with reference to the orange colour of the hackberry's flesh] U.S. Obsolete the hackberry, Celtis occidentalis; the fruit of this shrub.

ΚΠ

1833 A. Eaton Man. Bot. (ed. 6) ii. 86 Celtis..occidentalis..nettle tree, pompion berry.

1872 M. S. De Vere Americanisms 403 Hack berries or Pompion berries..are obtained from a shrub..(Celtis occidentalis), and are sweet and edible.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	pompion
释义	pompionn.adj. Brit. /ˈpɒmpɪən/, U.S. /ˈpɑmpiən/ Forms: α. 1500s–1600s pompon, 1500s–1600s pompone. β. 1500s pompine, 1500s–1600s pompeon, 1500s– pompion, 1600s pompean, 1600s pompian. γ. 1500s– pumpion, 1600s pumpeon, 1600s pumpian, 1600s pumpine, 1800s– pumpin (English regional (Kent)). Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French pompon. Etymology: < Middle French, French †pompon a kind of pumpkin or melon (1393), shaddock (a1677 as pompone in the passage translated in quot. 1678 at sense A. 1b, where it is reported as a local word; apparently not otherwise recorded, although compare pampelmoes n.) < (with nasal infix) Italian (originally and chiefly regional: Tuscany) popone (1288) < classical Latin pepōn- , pepō pepon n. Compare Middle French, French †popon (a1506 in Middle French), †poupon (1488 in Middle French; French regional (southern) poupoun ) and the French words cited at pepon n. The β and γ forms (which are apparently not paralleled in French or in other Romance languages) show subsequent alterations after words ending in -ion or -eon ; compare also later pompillion n. and especially later pumpkin n.The figurative uses at senses A. 2 and B. are apparently not paralleled in French. Now rare. A. n. 1. a. = pumpkin n. 1. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular vegetables > [noun] > fruits as vegetables > pumpkin peponOE pompion1526 pompillion1598 turquin1600 pumpkin1647 calabash1658 potiron1658 winter squash1771 zucca1818 kabocha1884 sugared pumpkin1884 sugar-pumpkin1905 Ceylon pumpkin1913 trombone1946 Queensland blue1956 the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular vegetables > [noun] > fruits as vegetables > pumpkin > pumpkin plant peponOE citrula1398 pompion1526 pumpkin vine1648 pumpkin1698 summer squash1801 α. 1526 Grete Herball cccii. sig. Rii/2 Melons that we call pompous [read pompons] be of two maners. 1542 T. Elyot Bibliotheca Pepo,..a kynde of Melones, callyd Pompones. 1587 W. Harrison Descr. Eng. (1877) ii. xiii. i. 259 An acre of ground..whereon to set cabbages..pompons, or such like stuffe. 1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World II. xix. v. 14 Now when they exceed in greatnes, they be called Pepones, i. Melons or Pompons. β. 1573 T. Tusser Fiue Hundreth Points Good Husbandry f. 40 Herbs & rootes to boyle or to butter... Pompiones [1577 Pompions], in May.1577 B. Googe tr. C. Heresbach Foure Bks. Husbandry ii. f. 91 Yf they [sc. citrons] be very great and round lyke Pompeons, they call them Pomecydrons.1588 R. Parke tr. J. G. de Mendoza Comm. Notable Thinges in tr. J. G. de Mendoza Hist. Kingdome of China 326 They haue great store of Maiz,..pompines and mellons.1593 Hill's Profitable Arte Gardening (new ed.) 147 Melons, and all kindes of the Pompions, desire..the same earth and aire which the Citrones and Cucumbers doe.1597 J. Gerard Herball ii. cccxxx. 772 The great melon or Pompion bringeth foorth thicke and rough prickly stalkes, which with their clasping tendrels take holde vpon such things that are neere vnto them.1640 R. Brome Sparagus Garden iii. viii Pompeons are as good meat for such a hoggish thing as thou art.1657 R. Ligon True Hist. Barbados 33 Pompians of a rare kind, almost as sweet as Milions.1731 Pennsylvania Gaz. 29 Apr.–6 May A black sandy Mould..which when cleared yields a tolerable Crop of Indian Corn and Beans, but of Potatoes of the Bermudas sort; Squashes, Pompions, and the like, a vast Increase.1757 N. Owen Jrnl. 27 May in E. Martin Jrnl. Slave-dealer (1930) 73 I imploy..my time in sowing and planting watermelons, pompions,..and other things that's necescery for our houshould use.1828 W. Irving Life C. Columbus (1848) I. xii. 380 Melons, gourds, pompions, and cucumbers.1864 C. de W. Brownell Indian Races N. & S. Amer. 214 Their wigwams..stood in the midst of the planting grounds where they raised their beans, corn, and pompions.1910 R. Kipling Rewards & Fairies 64 This was a picture of Jonah and the pompion that withered.1934 E. Q. Hawk Econ. Hist. South iii. 62 As the corn grew, a hill of dirt was piled up around the roots. Between the hills squashes and pompions were often planted.γ. 1599 R. Gardiner Profitable Instr. Kitchin Gardens sig. Biv^v Pumpions, Cucumbers, Beanes and Radish seedes.1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §486 Take Cucumbers, or Pumpions, and set them (here and there) among Musk Melons.1693 J. Evelyn tr. J. de La Quintinie Compl. Gard'ner ii. vi. vi. 192 Citrulls or ordinary Pompions, Pumpions, or Pumkins, and Potirons, or flat Pumpions, as every body knows, are the biggest productions the Earth brings forth in our Climates.1766 W. Kenrick Falstaff's Wedding iii. iii. 37 Hast thou never seen a scoop'd pumpion set over a candle's-end, on a gate post, to frighten ale wives from gossiping by owl-light?1796 C. Marshall Introd. Knowl. & Pract. Gardening xv. 317 Pumpions..are raised on a hot-bed in April, or May.1824 J. C. Loudon Encycl. Gardening (ed. 2) iii. i. 674 The pumpkin, pumpion, or more correctly, pompion... This is the melon or millon of our early horticulturists, the true melon being formerly distinguished by the name of musk-melon.1981 D. Hoffman Brotherly Love 126 He who planted pumpion and corn is now a hunter. †b. A shaddock or pomelo, the fruit of Citrus maxima. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular types of fruit > [noun] > citrus fruit > pampelmouse or pomelo paradise apple1598 pompion1678 pampelmoes1697 shaddock1707 pomelo1803 1678 J. Phillips tr. J.-B. Tavernier Indian Trav. iii. xxiii. 199 in tr. J.-B. Tavernier Six Voy. Coming to Bantam..We had also Mango's, and a certain large Fruit call'd Pompone [Fr. gros fruit qu'ils nomment Pompone], red also within, the meat of it being soft and spungy, but of an excellent taste. 1704 tr. J. Nieuhof Voy. E.-Indies in A. Churchill & J. Churchill Coll. Voy. II. 326 The apples call'd pompions by the Dutch [Du. De vruchten of appelen, pompelmoesen by d'onzen..genoemt],..grow scarce anywhere else in the Indies but in the Isle of Great Java. 2. derogatory. A fat man. archaic in later use. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > bodily height > tallness > [noun] > and broadness > person giant1559 Hercules1567 Gogmagogc1580 cob1582 Gargantuist1593 hulk1600 rhinoceros1602 colossus1605 pompiona1616 lump1630 strapper1675 man-mountain1726 Brobdingnagian1728 grenadier1805 butt-cut1806 gorilla1884 King Kong1933 hunk1941 a1616 W. Shakespeare Merry Wives of Windsor (1623) iii. iii. 38 We'l vse this vnwholsome humidity, this grosse-watry Pumpion. a1625 J. Fletcher Rule a Wife (1640) i. 9 O here's another Pumpion,..the cram'd sonne Of a starv'd Vsurer. a1640 J. Fletcher & P. Massinger Custome of Countrey i. ii, in F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Comedies & Trag. (1647) sig. Aa3 What Should I call the? Pompean, Thou kisse my Lady? 1957 E. Dahlberg Sorrows of Priapus ii. 25 It is easier, however, to recognize the head of a pompion or a gross churl than to discern a wise head. †B. adj. Of language: overblown, magniloquent. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > literature > style of language or writing > ornateness > [adjective] > inflated or bombastic fleshyc1369 windya1382 unmeasureda1425 puffing1566 embossed1578 puffed1587 bombasted1589 fustian1592 puffya1594 full-mouthed1594 orificial1594 gouty1595 swelling1597 mouth-filling1598 taffeta1598 bombast1601 tiptoe-strouting1602 turgidous1602 swollen1605 dropsieda1616 exsufflicatea1616 turgent1621 ampullous1622 tympanous1625 high-flown1632 tumorousa1637 blustered1638 tumid1648 bombastical1649 ranting1650 inflated1652 tuftaffetya1658 pompiona1670 bombastic1704 dropsical1721 thundering1725 turgid1725 exsuffolate1744 Lexiphanic1767 hi cockalorum1783 Ossianic1788 mouthing1814 mouthy1827 sophomoric1837 highfalutin1839 sophomorical1847 spread eagle1853 tumescent1882 Herodian1886 Ossianesque1889 Barnumesque1890 a1670 J. Hacket Scrinia Reserata (1693) i. 120 Without pumpian words and ruffling grandiloquence. Compounds C1. General attributive. † pompion-bottle n. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1672 H. Oldenburg tr. F. Bernier Contin. Mem. conc. Empire Great Mogol III. 16 That..the servants may easily, with their Pompion-bottles, water them. † pompion-shell n. Obsolete ΚΠ 1612 J. Smith Map of Virginia 28 Their chiefe instruments are Rattels made of small gourds or Pumpions shels. a1835 H. C. Knight in E. A. Duckinck Cyclopedia Amer. Lit. (1875) 871/1 He..shows his pompion shell, with eyes, and mouth, And candle fitted. † pompion-twine n. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1840 R. Browning Sordello ii. 775 Observe a pompion-twine afloat. C2. † pompion berry n. [perhaps with reference to the orange colour of the hackberry's flesh] U.S. Obsolete the hackberry, Celtis occidentalis; the fruit of this shrub. ΚΠ 1833 A. Eaton Man. Bot. (ed. 6) ii. 86 Celtis..occidentalis..nettle tree, pompion berry. 1872 M. S. De Vere Americanisms 403 Hack berries or Pompion berries..are obtained from a shrub..(Celtis occidentalis), and are sweet and edible. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.adj.1526
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