polytechnicadj.n.

Brit.

/ˌpɒlᵻˈtɛknɪk/, U.S.

/ˌpɑləˈtɛknɪk/

Forms: also with capital initial.

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding; modelled on a French lexical item. Etymons: poly- comb. form, technic adj.

Etymology: < poly- comb. form + technic adj., after French polytechnique (in école polytechnique , 1795). Compare Hellenistic Greek πολύτεχνος skilled in many arts; also Italian politecnico (adjective) polytechnic (1796). Compare polytechnical adj.

A. adj.

Of an educational institution: giving instruction in various subjects, esp. technical and vocational ones. Also, more generally: of, relating to, or dealing with various fields of study.In the names of specific institutions usually with capital initial. The word was originally applied to the school established in Paris in 1794 by the National Convention, under the name of École centrale des Travaux publics, and referred to from 1795 as École Polytechnique, which was devoted to the instruction of recruits for the corps of civil and military engineers.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > branch of knowledge > [adjective] > dealing with various arts

polytechnic1798

pantechnic1848

society > education > learning > study > subject or object of study > [adjective] > various

polytechnic1798

polytechnical1798

interdiscipline1930

multidiscipline1935

interdisciplinary1937

1798 W. Tooke Observ. Exped. Gen. Buonaparte p. vii A number of scientific men... [note] Three Hundred Pupils of the Polytechnic School, called Geographic Engineers.

1801 J. Jones tr. T. Bugge Trav. French Republic v. 101 Stereotomy,..in the scientific language of the Polytechnic School, signifies that part of stone-cutting, on which Frezier and De la Rue have written so much.

1837 Penny Mechanic 2 92/2 A Sample School, to be called the Polytechnic University, No. 1 for 2000 students.

1845 R. W. Hamilton Inst. Pop. Educ. ii. 29 Polytechnic science may invent the instruments which shall dive as his substitute into the bowels of the earth.

1881 H. E. Roscoe in Nature 6 Jan. 217/1 The scientific training they had received at their universities and polytechnic schools.

1907 N.E.D. at Polytechnic adj. Polytechnic Institution: name of an institution in London, opened in 1838, for the exhibition of objects connected with the industrial arts, and providing a laboratory and theatre or lecture-room.

1921 M. Beerbohm Lett. to R. Turner (1964) 258 The incredible job [sc. H. G. Wells's History of the World], done so neatly..in a very awful cheap sciolistic polytechnic way.

1965 Economist 11 Sept. 1000/1 In the eyes of authority, naval history has remained a soft option in a polytechnic world.

1993 Independent 21 June 15/6 Professor Stephen Heppell, of the Learning Technology Research Centre at Anglia Polytechnic University, says that playing computer games is much better for children than passively watching television.

B. n.

†1. Probably: collective industrial action. Obsolete.Apparently an isolated use.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > working > labour relations > [noun] > protest > forms of

rattening1828

polytechnic1835

restriction1852

lockout1853

ca'canny1896

restrictive practice1896

go-slow1920

hartal1920

lock-in1920

working to rule1920

work-to-rule1920

cacannyism1921

job actionc1926

slowdown1926

gherao1967

work-in1967

work-to-contract1969

sick-out1970

sick-in1974

siege action1977

1835 A. Ure Philos. Manuf. 278 It has, however, been the fate of this polytechnic, as of the best philanthropic dispensation ever made to man, to be misrepresented and reviled.

2. (Originally short for polytechnic institution, school, university, etc.) In early use: a school giving instruction in various technical subjects. Later: an institution of higher education that offers courses (at or below degree level) mainly in technical, scientific, and vocational subjects.Usually with capital initial when denoting a specific institution. Following the Further and Higher Education Act of 1992, all polytechnics in the U.K. gained university status.

ΘΚΠ

society > education > place of education > school > [noun] > technical school

school (also college) of industry1695

working school1695

technical school1824

polytechnic1836

junior technical school1929

society > education > place of education > college or university > [noun] > college > technical college

school1815

technical college1824

polytechnic1836

poly1858

Tech1881

Polytech1900

technicum1924

monotechnic1931

Open Tech1980

1836 C. Fox Jrnl. 31 Aug. (1972) 31 Dr. Buckland..came on to the Polytechnic and stayed with us.

1841 M. Edgeworth Let. 25 May (1971) 593 Lestock..took Honora and Captain Beaufort and me to the Polytechnic and we all had our likenesses taken.

1857 C. Kingsley Two Years Ago I. vii. 171 He would thrust his head into lectures at the Polytechnic and the British Institution.

1884 Royal Commission on Technical Instruction in Jrnl. Royal Soc. Arts (1979) 127 121/1 To the multiplication of these Polytechnics..may be ascribed the general diffusion of a high scientific knowledge in Germany.

1888 Pall Mall Gaz. 27 Sept. 2/2 An excursion made by some sixty boys from the Young Men's Christian Institute at the Polytechnic to Belgium, Germany, and Switzerland.

1903 Whitaker's Almanack 267/2 The passing of the City of London Parochial Charities Act in 1883..provided for the establishment of polytechnics in various parts of London on the model of Mr. Quintin Hogg's original institution at Regent Street.

1934 G. B. Shaw On the Rocks (new ed.) ii, in Too True to be Good 237 Jafna's grandsons will go to Eton. Mine will go to a Polytechnic.

1967 Listener 6 July 5/1 Mr. Crosland and his advisers envisage rather an eternal separation between the universities and an entirely new race of animals they have created called the polytechnics.

1975 Guardian 27 Jan. 5/1 The higher education building programme..will contain a bias in favour of the polytechnics.

1990 Times Educ. Suppl. 2 Nov. r16/1 Modularised courses, split finals and the like have long been common in universities and polytechnics.

2005 Financial Times (Nexis) 16 Mar. (Business Life Enterprise section) 16 The University of Central England, a former polytechnic specialising in vocational degrees in subjects such as teaching, nursing and design.

Compounds

General attributive, as polytechnic class, polytechnic lecturer, polytechnic student, polytechnic term, etc.

ΚΠ

1839 C. Fox Jrnl. 8 Oct. (1972) 58 The Bucklands dined with us, after a Polytechnic morning.

1861 All Year Round 19 Jan. 346/2 Waving his lantern in a Polytechnic lecturer sort of way.

1911 O. Onions Widdershins 184 It was of Polytechnic classes that he spoke.

1972 R. K. Kelsall et al. Graduates i. 53 Parents of..university students..find university education more acceptable than do parents of..Polytechnic students.

1979 V. S. Naipaul Bend in River x. 170 The polytechnic term was over.

1990 Film Monthly Apr. 30/3 This fully-fledged British production finds mild polytechnic lecturer Henry..wilting further in the farcical face of meat-head students.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	polytechnic
释义	polytechnicadj.n. Brit. /ˌpɒlᵻˈtɛknɪk/, U.S. /ˌpɑləˈtɛknɪk/ Forms: also with capital initial. Origin: Formed within English, by compounding; modelled on a French lexical item. Etymons: poly- comb. form, technic adj. Etymology: < poly- comb. form + technic adj., after French polytechnique (in école polytechnique , 1795). Compare Hellenistic Greek πολύτεχνος skilled in many arts; also Italian politecnico (adjective) polytechnic (1796). Compare polytechnical adj. A. adj. Of an educational institution: giving instruction in various subjects, esp. technical and vocational ones. Also, more generally: of, relating to, or dealing with various fields of study.In the names of specific institutions usually with capital initial. The word was originally applied to the school established in Paris in 1794 by the National Convention, under the name of École centrale des Travaux publics, and referred to from 1795 as École Polytechnique, which was devoted to the instruction of recruits for the corps of civil and military engineers. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > branch of knowledge > [adjective] > dealing with various arts polytechnic1798 pantechnic1848 society > education > learning > study > subject or object of study > [adjective] > various polytechnic1798 polytechnical1798 interdiscipline1930 multidiscipline1935 interdisciplinary1937 1798 W. Tooke Observ. Exped. Gen. Buonaparte p. vii A number of scientific men... [note] Three Hundred Pupils of the Polytechnic School, called Geographic Engineers. 1801 J. Jones tr. T. Bugge Trav. French Republic v. 101 Stereotomy,..in the scientific language of the Polytechnic School, signifies that part of stone-cutting, on which Frezier and De la Rue have written so much. 1837 Penny Mechanic 2 92/2 A Sample School, to be called the Polytechnic University, No. 1 for 2000 students. 1845 R. W. Hamilton Inst. Pop. Educ. ii. 29 Polytechnic science may invent the instruments which shall dive as his substitute into the bowels of the earth. 1881 H. E. Roscoe in Nature 6 Jan. 217/1 The scientific training they had received at their universities and polytechnic schools. 1907 N.E.D. at Polytechnic adj. Polytechnic Institution: name of an institution in London, opened in 1838, for the exhibition of objects connected with the industrial arts, and providing a laboratory and theatre or lecture-room. 1921 M. Beerbohm Lett. to R. Turner (1964) 258 The incredible job [sc. H. G. Wells's History of the World], done so neatly..in a very awful cheap sciolistic polytechnic way. 1965 Economist 11 Sept. 1000/1 In the eyes of authority, naval history has remained a soft option in a polytechnic world. 1993 Independent 21 June 15/6 Professor Stephen Heppell, of the Learning Technology Research Centre at Anglia Polytechnic University, says that playing computer games is much better for children than passively watching television. B. n. †1. Probably: collective industrial action. Obsolete.Apparently an isolated use. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > working > labour relations > [noun] > protest > forms of rattening1828 polytechnic1835 restriction1852 lockout1853 ca'canny1896 restrictive practice1896 go-slow1920 hartal1920 lock-in1920 working to rule1920 work-to-rule1920 cacannyism1921 job actionc1926 slowdown1926 gherao1967 work-in1967 work-to-contract1969 sick-out1970 sick-in1974 siege action1977 1835 A. Ure Philos. Manuf. 278 It has, however, been the fate of this polytechnic, as of the best philanthropic dispensation ever made to man, to be misrepresented and reviled. 2. (Originally short for polytechnic institution, school, university, etc.) In early use: a school giving instruction in various technical subjects. Later: an institution of higher education that offers courses (at or below degree level) mainly in technical, scientific, and vocational subjects.Usually with capital initial when denoting a specific institution. Following the Further and Higher Education Act of 1992, all polytechnics in the U.K. gained university status. ΘΚΠ society > education > place of education > school > [noun] > technical school school (also college) of industry1695 working school1695 technical school1824 polytechnic1836 junior technical school1929 society > education > place of education > college or university > [noun] > college > technical college school1815 technical college1824 polytechnic1836 poly1858 Tech1881 Polytech1900 technicum1924 monotechnic1931 Open Tech1980 1836 C. Fox Jrnl. 31 Aug. (1972) 31 Dr. Buckland..came on to the Polytechnic and stayed with us. 1841 M. Edgeworth Let. 25 May (1971) 593 Lestock..took Honora and Captain Beaufort and me to the Polytechnic and we all had our likenesses taken. 1857 C. Kingsley Two Years Ago I. vii. 171 He would thrust his head into lectures at the Polytechnic and the British Institution. 1884 Royal Commission on Technical Instruction in Jrnl. Royal Soc. Arts (1979) 127 121/1 To the multiplication of these Polytechnics..may be ascribed the general diffusion of a high scientific knowledge in Germany. 1888 Pall Mall Gaz. 27 Sept. 2/2 An excursion made by some sixty boys from the Young Men's Christian Institute at the Polytechnic to Belgium, Germany, and Switzerland. 1903 Whitaker's Almanack 267/2 The passing of the City of London Parochial Charities Act in 1883..provided for the establishment of polytechnics in various parts of London on the model of Mr. Quintin Hogg's original institution at Regent Street. 1934 G. B. Shaw On the Rocks (new ed.) ii, in Too True to be Good 237 Jafna's grandsons will go to Eton. Mine will go to a Polytechnic. 1967 Listener 6 July 5/1 Mr. Crosland and his advisers envisage rather an eternal separation between the universities and an entirely new race of animals they have created called the polytechnics. 1975 Guardian 27 Jan. 5/1 The higher education building programme..will contain a bias in favour of the polytechnics. 1990 Times Educ. Suppl. 2 Nov. r16/1 Modularised courses, split finals and the like have long been common in universities and polytechnics. 2005 Financial Times (Nexis) 16 Mar. (Business Life Enterprise section) 16 The University of Central England, a former polytechnic specialising in vocational degrees in subjects such as teaching, nursing and design. Compounds General attributive, as polytechnic class, polytechnic lecturer, polytechnic student, polytechnic term, etc. ΚΠ 1839 C. Fox Jrnl. 8 Oct. (1972) 58 The Bucklands dined with us, after a Polytechnic morning. 1861 All Year Round 19 Jan. 346/2 Waving his lantern in a Polytechnic lecturer sort of way. 1911 O. Onions Widdershins 184 It was of Polytechnic classes that he spoke. 1972 R. K. Kelsall et al. Graduates i. 53 Parents of..university students..find university education more acceptable than do parents of..Polytechnic students. 1979 V. S. Naipaul Bend in River x. 170 The polytechnic term was over. 1990 Film Monthly Apr. 30/3 This fully-fledged British production finds mild polytechnic lecturer Henry..wilting further in the farcical face of meat-head students. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.n.1798
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