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单词 polymorphic
释义

polymorphicadj.

Brit. /ˌpɒlɪˈmɔːfɪk/, U.S. /ˌpɑliˈmɔrfɪk/
Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: poly- comb. form, -morphic comb. form.
Etymology: < poly- comb. form + -morphic comb. form. With sense 3 compare French polymorphique (1836). Compare earlier polymorphous adj., polymorphean adj.
1. Occurring in or having many different forms; = polymorphous adj. 1c.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > shape > [adjective] > having many or all forms
variformed1578
milliformc1581
Protean1594
multiform1603
shapeful?1615
omniform1642
polymorphean1656
diversiform1660
variform1662
multiformousa1670
proteiform1724
various1725
versiform1727
polymorphous1798
maniform?1811
polymorphic1816
pantomorphic1836
omniformal1848
polymorph1872
pluriform1938
1816 G. S. Faber Origin Pagan Idolatry I. 49 Every animal was a symbol or form of the great polymorphic deity.
1885 Pall Mall Gaz. 17 Apr. 5/1 Other varieties of independent fancy, in which word-twisting scholars have chosen to discover but the one polymorphic and elusive sun-god.
1917 G. Saintsbury Hist. French Novel I. 119 One of Rabelais' favourite and most polymorphic expressions.
1987 J. Diski Rainforest viii. 87 The polymorphic eye of the forest took in the small disturbance within Mo.
2000 19th-Cent. Lit. 55 325 The polymorphic eroticism of Henry's gift is made conspicuous.
2. Chiefly Biology. Occurring in or having several different forms; esp. occurring in different morphological forms (at the same or at different stages of the life cycle).
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > characteristics > [adjective] > polymorphic
polymorphic1859
the world > life > biology > biological processes > genetic activity > heredity or hereditary descent > [adjective] > occurrence of variant forms
polymorphous1773
polytypic1858
polymorphic1859
heteromorphic1864
polytypical1890
polymorphistic1897
morphic1955
1859 C. Darwin Origin of Species ii. 46 Genera which have been called ‘protean’ or ‘polymorphic’, in which the species present an inordinate amount of variation.
1881 Gardeners' Chron. 16 621 Polymorphic states of a Phoma.
1898 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. V. 416 The shape of the nucleus is constantly undergoing variation, for which reason it is generally described as polymorphic.
1925 A. D. Imms Gen. Textbk. Entomol. iii. 257 Termites live together in large communities composed of polymorphic individuals.
1928 New Phytologist 27 175 One genus..affords the clearest example of the polymorphic condition, the ovary being obviously not monomerous, but dimerous.
1940 E. B. Ford in J. S. Huxley New Systematics 503 Though polymorphic forms are to be distinguished from geographical variation, they may be a function of it.
1974 Nature 20 Dec. 700 The Arctic skua is a polymorphic seabird with pale, intermediate and dark plumaged phenotypes.
1987 A. M. Colman Facts, Fallacies & Frauds in Psychol. iii. 56 An example of a polymorphic gene is the one that determines a person's ABO blood type. It exists in three alternative forms, symbolized by A, B, and O.
1992 Nature Canada Fall 12/2 Jellyfish are polymorphic, i.e. they exist in more than one life form.
2000 C. Tudge Variety of Life ii. vii. 226 Some species of periwinkle are extraordinarily polymorphic: they vary enormously not only in colour but in the size and shape of their shells.
3. Chemistry and Mineralogy. = polymorphous adj. 2.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > minerals > mineral structure or appearance > [adjective] > crystalline > crystal structure
monostic1816
pantogenous1816
isomorphous1828
polymorphous1848
monostichous1857
isomorphic1862
untwinned1879
allotriomorphic1887
xenomorphic1888
polymorphic1891
isostructural1906
isotypic1929
the world > matter > chemistry > polymorphism > [adjective]
polymorphous1848
polymorphic1924
1891 Amer. Naturalist 25 576 The various forms of a polymorphic body belong to the first class.
1924 A. E. Hill in H. S. Taylor Treat. Physical Chem. I. ix. 380 At high pressures there exist several polymorphic forms of ice, differing from the common variety in density, heat of formation, crystalline structure and other physical properties.
1985 Nature 7 Mar. 12/1 Water has at least nine crystalline polymorphic varieties.
1999 I. Kostov & R. I. Kostov Crystal Habits Minerals vi. 201 The three polymorphic modifications of Al2SiO5 crystallize in different space groups.
4. Medicine. Of a disease or condition: having different forms or clinical manifestations; spec. (of a skin disease) characterized by lesions of various kinds or ages. Cf. earlier polymorphous adj. 1a.
ΚΠ
1906 Lancet 7 Apr. 951/2 They [sc. tabes and general paralysis] are, in my opinion, merely different aspects of the same polymorphic disease.
1941 H. Blum Photodynamic Action Dis. caused by Light 242 Polymorphic light eruptions may be produced by sunburn radiation.
1967 Canad. Med. Assoc. Jrnl. 19 Aug. 385/2 His dermatitis..was consistent with polymorphic photodermatitis of the chronic eczematous type.
1985 W. Frain-Bell Cutaneous Photobiol. ii. 24 The idiopathic photodermatoses consist of polymorphic light eruption, actinic prurigo, hydroa vacciniforme, and solar urticaria.
2004 Amer. Jrnl. Obstetr. & Gynecol. 191 515/1 There is no test that reliably indicates who will develop this polymorphic disease [sc. preeclampsia].
5. Computing. Esp. in object-oriented programming: designating a command that can work with different data types, without the latter necessarily being specified in advance.The a1975 paper presents the substance of a course of lectures given by C. Strachey at the International Summer School in Computer Programming at Copenhagen in August 1967.
ΚΠ
a1975 C. Strachey in Higher-Order & Symbolic Computation (2000) 13 35 We also expect the compiling system to..interpret correctly ambiguous symbols (such as +) which mean different things according to the types of their operands. We call ambiguous operators of this sort polymorphic as they have several forms depending on their arguments.
1977 J. H. Wiliams & D. A. Fisher Design & Implementation Programming Lang. 131 Several kinds of type relationships are considered: mixed type operations, generic operations, polymorphic operations [etc.].
1992 Pixel Mar. 30/1 Vroutines..are designed to be polymorphic, that is, they function on bit, byte, short, integer, float, and complex data types.
2001 Jrnl. Manuf. Syst. (Nexis) 19 401 Virtual or polymorphic functions may be used to make this query independent of the changes in the MP objects for the facility or the type of feature.
6. Computing. Of a virus: having many forms, spec. capable of self-modification as it replicates.
ΚΠ
1992 Record (Kitchener-Waterloo, Ont.) (Nexis) b6 Dvorak discusses three new styles of virus: stealth, polymorphic, and multipartite.
2000 ‘Dr. K.’ Compl. Hacker's Handbk. x. 147 By using these packages and including the code into viruses they are writing, novice writers can give even very simple viruses polymorphic capability, enabling them to escape detection.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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adj.1816
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