polymorphn.adj.

Brit.

/ˈpɒlɪmɔːf/, U.S.

/ˈpɑliˌmɔrf/

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding; modelled on a Greek lexical item. Etymons: poly- comb. form, -morph comb. form.

Etymology: < poly- comb. form + -morph comb. form, after ancient Greek πολύμορϕος (adjective) of many forms (see polymorphean adj.). Compare scientific Latin polymorpha, polymorphos, polymorphus (1753 or earlier), French polymorphe (adjective) of multiple forms (1805, 1844 in chemistry).In senses A. 3 and B. 3 short for polymorphonuclear adj. With polymorph-perverse adj. at Compounds compare earlier polymorphous perverse adj. at polymorphous adj. Compounds (and discussion at that lemma) and also polymorphously perverse adj. at polymorphously adv.

A. n.

1. Zoology. A polymorphous organism; an individual of a polymorphous species. rare before 20th cent.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > biological processes > genetic activity > heredity or hereditary descent > [noun] > occurrence of variant forms > individual

polymorpha1897

morph1955

1828 N. Webster Amer. Dict. Eng. Lang. Polymorph, a name given by Soldani to a numerous tribe or series of shells, which are very small, irregular and singular in form, and which cannot be referred to any known genus. Dict. Nat. Hist.]

a1897 New Sydenham Soc. Lexicon Polymorph, one of a series the members of which are characterised by Polymorphism.

1950 Evolution 4 298/1 There is an interesting correlation between habitat differences and shifts in polymorph frequencies.

1958 Proc. Zool. Soc. 131 87 Comparisons are often made between different polymorphs in the same population.

1975 Zool. Jrnl. 177 334 This species [of butterfly] is a simple dual polymorph with respect to wing shape.

2002 S. J. Gould Struct. Evolutionary Theory x. 1153 A fourth polymorph, the tentaculozooid that plays a role in defending the colony, resembles a single gastrozooid tentacle.

2. Chemistry and Mineralogy. Originally: †a substance that crystallizes in two or more different forms (obsolete). Later: each of a number of substances of identical chemical composition but different crystalline structure; each of the different forms of a polymorphous substance.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > chemistry > polymorphism > [noun] > polymorph

polymorph1890

the world > the earth > minerals > mineral structure or appearance > [noun] > crystal structure > mineral or assemblage

isomorph1864

allomorph1866

paramorph1875

polymorph1890

isotype1901

the world > matter > chemistry > crystallography (general) > crystal (general) > structures and forms > [noun] > polymorph

polymorph1890

1890 Cent. Dict. Polymorph, a substance which crystallizes in two or more forms distinct from each other.

1902 Jrnl. Chem. Soc. 82 ii. 448 With polymorphs..a quite different behaviour is observed. The melting point of the stable form is scarcely altered by the addition of the unstable modification.

1944 C. Palache et al. Dana's Syst. Mineral. (ed. 7) I. 560 Edisonite, a supposed orthorhombic polymorph of TiO₂.

1957 G. E. Hutchinson Treat. Limnol. I. x. 660 CaCO₃ exists under ordinary conditions in nature in two crystalline polymorphs, calcite and aragonite.

1973 Nature 23 Mar. 241/1 Anhydrite, CaSO₄, is the higher temperature polymorph of calcium sulphate.

2001 R. W. Cahn Coming of Materials Sci. iii. 130 One of his special skills is the use of analogue materials to help understand the behaviour of inaccessible high-pressure polymorphs, e.g., CaTiO₃ perovskite to stand in for (Mg,Fe)SiO₃ in the earth's mantle.

3. Medicine and Physiology. A polymorphonuclear leucocyte; a neutrophil.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > vascular system > blood > components of blood > blood corpuscle or plate > [noun] > white cells or corpuscles

white corpuscle1823

white cell1852

leucocyte1870

phagocyte1884

macrophage1887

microphage1887

lymphocyte1890

megakaryocyte1890

hyaline cell1894

macrophagocyte1896

microphagocyte1896

scavenger-cell1899

splenocyte1900

polymorph1902

granulocyte1906

lymphoblast1909

agranulocyte1913

monocyte1913

stab1929

hyaline leucocyte1931

smudge cell1937

heterophile1938

siderophage1941

1902 Lancet 17 May 1401/1 He had seen effusions in which the degenerated polymorphs which simulate lymphocytes were at least as numerous as the unaltered polymorphs.

1970 Nature 5 Sept. 1052/1 Red cells, monocytes and the majority of polymorphs had grain densities within the range of control preparations.

1977 Lancet 29 Jan. 225/1 Evidence indicates that steroids prevent the accumulation of macrophages and polymorphs in inflammatory areas.

2003 Observer 2 Feb. 19/6 Polymorphs in the spinal fluid showed that Harry had been fighting the infection at the time of death.

4. gen. A polymorphous person or thing.

ΚΠ

1941 C. Fadiman Reading I've Liked p. lx I am so disunified, such a miserable polymorph of a man, that my nature responds to other natures that are wildly disparate.

1993 B. J. Malina New Test. World (rev. ed.) 184 The New Testament thus serves as a veritable Rorschach inkblot, with Jesus coming across as a universal polymorph, a chameleon figure standing for and legitimating whatever individuals and groups choose to do ‘in his name’.

2003 J. Hughes in C. McGillion Long Way from Home v. 117 The culture I inhabit has in living memory become a great polymorph, a myriad-aspected thing that is in constant struggle to define itself.

B. adj.

1. Of very varied composition, character, or appearance; = polymorphous adj. 1c.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > shape > [adjective] > having many or all forms

variformed1578

milliformc1581

Protean1594

multiform1603

shapeful?1615

omniform1642

polymorphean1656

diversiform1660

variform1662

multiformousa1670

proteiform1724

various1725

versiform1727

polymorphous1798

maniform?1811

polymorphic1816

pantomorphic1836

omniformal1848

polymorph1872

pluriform1938

1872 E. Tietze tr. H. Goullon Scrofulous Affections 38 The cutaneous affections..are apt to be of multiform, or as we are wont to say, polymorph [Ger. polymorpher] character.

1934 H. Miller Tropic of Cancer 263 I love scripts that flow, be they hieratic, esoteric, perverse, polymorph, or unilateral.

1999 R. Waldrop Reluctant Gravities 69 Polymorph appearances and singular gods.

2. Anatomy. Designating layers of the brain (esp. of the dentate gyrus) or retina composed of polymorphous neurons.

ΚΠ

1904 Lancet 3 Dec. 1556/1 The polymorph layer [of the visual cortex] is diminished as compared with the foregoing species.

1971 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) B. 262 60 They posses dendrites which spread and divide in all directions—even crossing the granule layer to reach the polymorph layer.

1983 Jrnl. Compar. Neurol. 216 264 Virtually all of the olfactory areas also project to the ventral and dorsal endopiriform nuclei deep to the piriform cortex and/or to the polymorph zone deep to the olfactory tubercle.

2004 Neuroscience 127 539 In the hippocampus, immature-appearing bcl-2-labeled cells are confined to the polymorph layer (subgranular zone), and base of the granule cell layer in the dentate gyrus.

3. Medicine. = polymorphonuclear adj. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > substance > cell > cell organelle or contents > [adjective] > having nucleus > having one or many nuclei

polynucleated1857

multinuclear1860

quadrinucleate1863

multinucleated1873

polynuclear1876

multinucleate1877

multinucleolar1882

uninuclear1882

uninucleate1885

trinucleate1887

mononucleated1890

polynucleate1894

polymorphonuclear1897

uninucleated1898

mononucleate1901

polymorphonucleate1904

polymorph1906

heterokaryotic1916

1906 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) B. 198 108 Polymorph leucocytes are at this stage abundant both in the uterine stroma and cavity.

1942 J. Needham Biochem. & Morphogenesis ii. 244 An infiltration with lymphocytes, mast cells, and polymorph leucocytes.

1980 Acta Haematologica 64 157 (title) Polymorph leucocyte function in uraemia and jaundice.

Compounds

polymorph-perverse adj. Psychoanalysis = polymorphous perverse adj. at polymorphous adj. Compounds.

ΚΠ

1948 T. Reik Listening with Third Ear xl. 458 Psychosexual maturity is reached..when the individual passes through the phases of pregenital development, which is of a polymorph-perverse character, to a new integration and adaptation in the phallic phase.

1993 J. Cooper Speak of me as I Am 77 In acting out, Khan observes that polymorph-perverse body experiences are common.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	polymorph
释义	polymorphn.adj. Brit. /ˈpɒlɪmɔːf/, U.S. /ˈpɑliˌmɔrf/ Origin: Formed within English, by compounding; modelled on a Greek lexical item. Etymons: poly- comb. form, -morph comb. form. Etymology: < poly- comb. form + -morph comb. form, after ancient Greek πολύμορϕος (adjective) of many forms (see polymorphean adj.). Compare scientific Latin polymorpha, polymorphos, polymorphus (1753 or earlier), French polymorphe (adjective) of multiple forms (1805, 1844 in chemistry).In senses A. 3 and B. 3 short for polymorphonuclear adj. With polymorph-perverse adj. at Compounds compare earlier polymorphous perverse adj. at polymorphous adj. Compounds (and discussion at that lemma) and also polymorphously perverse adj. at polymorphously adv. A. n. 1. Zoology. A polymorphous organism; an individual of a polymorphous species. rare before 20th cent. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > biological processes > genetic activity > heredity or hereditary descent > [noun] > occurrence of variant forms > individual polymorpha1897 morph1955 1828 N. Webster Amer. Dict. Eng. Lang. Polymorph, a name given by Soldani to a numerous tribe or series of shells, which are very small, irregular and singular in form, and which cannot be referred to any known genus. Dict. Nat. Hist.] a1897 New Sydenham Soc. Lexicon Polymorph, one of a series the members of which are characterised by Polymorphism. 1950 Evolution 4 298/1 There is an interesting correlation between habitat differences and shifts in polymorph frequencies. 1958 Proc. Zool. Soc. 131 87 Comparisons are often made between different polymorphs in the same population. 1975 Zool. Jrnl. 177 334 This species [of butterfly] is a simple dual polymorph with respect to wing shape. 2002 S. J. Gould Struct. Evolutionary Theory x. 1153 A fourth polymorph, the tentaculozooid that plays a role in defending the colony, resembles a single gastrozooid tentacle. 2. Chemistry and Mineralogy. Originally: †a substance that crystallizes in two or more different forms (obsolete). Later: each of a number of substances of identical chemical composition but different crystalline structure; each of the different forms of a polymorphous substance. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > polymorphism > [noun] > polymorph polymorph1890 the world > the earth > minerals > mineral structure or appearance > [noun] > crystal structure > mineral or assemblage isomorph1864 allomorph1866 paramorph1875 polymorph1890 isotype1901 the world > matter > chemistry > crystallography (general) > crystal (general) > structures and forms > [noun] > polymorph polymorph1890 1890 Cent. Dict. Polymorph, a substance which crystallizes in two or more forms distinct from each other. 1902 Jrnl. Chem. Soc. 82 ii. 448 With polymorphs..a quite different behaviour is observed. The melting point of the stable form is scarcely altered by the addition of the unstable modification. 1944 C. Palache et al. Dana's Syst. Mineral. (ed. 7) I. 560 Edisonite, a supposed orthorhombic polymorph of TiO₂. 1957 G. E. Hutchinson Treat. Limnol. I. x. 660 CaCO₃ exists under ordinary conditions in nature in two crystalline polymorphs, calcite and aragonite. 1973 Nature 23 Mar. 241/1 Anhydrite, CaSO₄, is the higher temperature polymorph of calcium sulphate. 2001 R. W. Cahn Coming of Materials Sci. iii. 130 One of his special skills is the use of analogue materials to help understand the behaviour of inaccessible high-pressure polymorphs, e.g., CaTiO₃ perovskite to stand in for (Mg,Fe)SiO₃ in the earth's mantle. 3. Medicine and Physiology. A polymorphonuclear leucocyte; a neutrophil. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > vascular system > blood > components of blood > blood corpuscle or plate > [noun] > white cells or corpuscles white corpuscle1823 white cell1852 leucocyte1870 phagocyte1884 macrophage1887 microphage1887 lymphocyte1890 megakaryocyte1890 hyaline cell1894 macrophagocyte1896 microphagocyte1896 scavenger-cell1899 splenocyte1900 polymorph1902 granulocyte1906 lymphoblast1909 agranulocyte1913 monocyte1913 stab1929 hyaline leucocyte1931 smudge cell1937 heterophile1938 siderophage1941 1902 Lancet 17 May 1401/1 He had seen effusions in which the degenerated polymorphs which simulate lymphocytes were at least as numerous as the unaltered polymorphs. 1970 Nature 5 Sept. 1052/1 Red cells, monocytes and the majority of polymorphs had grain densities within the range of control preparations. 1977 Lancet 29 Jan. 225/1 Evidence indicates that steroids prevent the accumulation of macrophages and polymorphs in inflammatory areas. 2003 Observer 2 Feb. 19/6 Polymorphs in the spinal fluid showed that Harry had been fighting the infection at the time of death. 4. gen. A polymorphous person or thing. ΚΠ 1941 C. Fadiman Reading I've Liked p. lx I am so disunified, such a miserable polymorph of a man, that my nature responds to other natures that are wildly disparate. 1993 B. J. Malina New Test. World (rev. ed.) 184 The New Testament thus serves as a veritable Rorschach inkblot, with Jesus coming across as a universal polymorph, a chameleon figure standing for and legitimating whatever individuals and groups choose to do ‘in his name’. 2003 J. Hughes in C. McGillion Long Way from Home v. 117 The culture I inhabit has in living memory become a great polymorph, a myriad-aspected thing that is in constant struggle to define itself. B. adj. 1. Of very varied composition, character, or appearance; = polymorphous adj. 1c. ΘΚΠ the world > space > shape > [adjective] > having many or all forms variformed1578 milliformc1581 Protean1594 multiform1603 shapeful?1615 omniform1642 polymorphean1656 diversiform1660 variform1662 multiformousa1670 proteiform1724 various1725 versiform1727 polymorphous1798 maniform?1811 polymorphic1816 pantomorphic1836 omniformal1848 polymorph1872 pluriform1938 1872 E. Tietze tr. H. Goullon Scrofulous Affections 38 The cutaneous affections..are apt to be of multiform, or as we are wont to say, polymorph [Ger. polymorpher] character. 1934 H. Miller Tropic of Cancer 263 I love scripts that flow, be they hieratic, esoteric, perverse, polymorph, or unilateral. 1999 R. Waldrop Reluctant Gravities 69 Polymorph appearances and singular gods. 2. Anatomy. Designating layers of the brain (esp. of the dentate gyrus) or retina composed of polymorphous neurons. ΚΠ 1904 Lancet 3 Dec. 1556/1 The polymorph layer [of the visual cortex] is diminished as compared with the foregoing species. 1971 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) B. 262 60 They posses dendrites which spread and divide in all directions—even crossing the granule layer to reach the polymorph layer. 1983 Jrnl. Compar. Neurol. 216 264 Virtually all of the olfactory areas also project to the ventral and dorsal endopiriform nuclei deep to the piriform cortex and/or to the polymorph zone deep to the olfactory tubercle. 2004 Neuroscience 127 539 In the hippocampus, immature-appearing bcl-2-labeled cells are confined to the polymorph layer (subgranular zone), and base of the granule cell layer in the dentate gyrus. 3. Medicine. = polymorphonuclear adj. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > substance > cell > cell organelle or contents > [adjective] > having nucleus > having one or many nuclei polynucleated1857 multinuclear1860 quadrinucleate1863 multinucleated1873 polynuclear1876 multinucleate1877 multinucleolar1882 uninuclear1882 uninucleate1885 trinucleate1887 mononucleated1890 polynucleate1894 polymorphonuclear1897 uninucleated1898 mononucleate1901 polymorphonucleate1904 polymorph1906 heterokaryotic1916 1906 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) B. 198 108 Polymorph leucocytes are at this stage abundant both in the uterine stroma and cavity. 1942 J. Needham Biochem. & Morphogenesis ii. 244 An infiltration with lymphocytes, mast cells, and polymorph leucocytes. 1980 Acta Haematologica 64 157 (title) Polymorph leucocyte function in uraemia and jaundice. Compounds polymorph-perverse adj. Psychoanalysis = polymorphous perverse adj. at polymorphous adj. Compounds. ΚΠ 1948 T. Reik Listening with Third Ear xl. 458 Psychosexual maturity is reached..when the individual passes through the phases of pregenital development, which is of a polymorph-perverse character, to a new integration and adaptation in the phallic phase. 1993 J. Cooper Speak of me as I Am 77 In acting out, Khan observes that polymorph-perverse body experiences are common. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.adj.1872
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