porismn.

Brit.

/ˈpɔːrɪz(ə)m/,

/ˈpɒrɪz(ə)m/, U.S.

/ˈpɔˌrɪzəm/

Forms: late Middle English porysme, late Middle English 1700s porisme, 1700s– porism.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Partly a borrowing from Greek. Etymons: Latin porisma; Greek πόρισμα.

Etymology: < (i) post-classical Latin porisma a deduction, a corollary (6th cent. in Boethius, c1100, 14th cent. in British sources) and its etymon (ii) Hellenistic Greek πόρισμα a deduction from a previous demonstration, a corollary (Euclid), a kind of proposition intermediate between a theorem and a problem < ancient Greek πορίζειν to carry, to provide, in Hellenistic Greek also to find out ( < πόρος way (see pore n.¹) + -ίζειν -ize suffix) +-μα (see -oma comb. form). Compare French porisme (1660).Porisms (Hellenistic Greek πορίσματα) were the subject and title of a lost work by Euclid. Numerous attempts have been made to reconstruct and interpret this work, but the extant evidence is problematic. Compare the following example of an unassimilated borrowing of Latin porisma or Greek πόρισμα: a1698 C. Morton Ess. Stork & Turtle (1703) 5 It may be proposed a Probleme, or Porisma, to be consider'd, whether the Souls of Brutes are not more than rarified, or inflamed matter.

Mathematics.

In Euclidean geometry: a proposition arising during the investigation of some other proposition by immediate deduction from it (= corollary n. 1); (in later use) a special case of a problem in which the particular values of its parameters result in the solution being indeterminate.Other widely different definitions have also been given.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > logic > logical proposition > [noun] > types of proposition

corollaryc1374

porism?a1425

exclusive1533

exponible1569

exceptive1570

continuative1725

desitive1725

inceptive1725

inceptive proposition1725

limitative1864

pseudo-proposition1883

metaphysics1935

?a1425 (c1380) G. Chaucer tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. iii. pr. x. 153 Thise geometriens, whan thei han schewed her proposicions, ben wont to bryngen yn thinges that thei clepen porismes [L. porismata] or declaracions of forseide thinges.

c1450 ( J. Walton tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. (Linc. Cathedral 103) 180 (MED) Thei bringen in porysmes þat þai calle, þat ben conceytes or conclusiouns And as in manere declaraciouns Of forseid þing.

1704 J. Harris Lexicon Technicum I Porisme, Proclus and Pappus define this Geometrical Term to signifie a kind of Theorem, in the form of a Corollary, which is dependant upon, or deduced from some other Theorem already demonstrated. And 'tis commonly used to signifie some General Theorem, which is discovered from finding out some Geometrical Place.

1724 Philos. Trans. 1722–3 (Royal Soc.) 32 248 I shall deliver them under the form of Porisms; as..the Ancients called all Propositions treated by Analysis only.

1792 J. Playfair in Trans. Royal Soc. Edinb. 3 170 A Porism may be defined, A proposition affirming the possibility of finding such conditions as will render a certain problem indeterminate, or capable of innumerable solutions.

1853 A. Cayley Coll. Math. Papers II. 56 Researches on the Porism of the in- and circumscribed triangle.

1887 Notes & Queries 7th Ser. 4 424/2 Between i. 15 and 16 occurs the first porism or corollary, to the effect that the angles formed by two straight lines at their point of intersection are together equal to four right angles.

1946 W. Ivins Art & Geom. ix. 113 The earliest of these Greek things was Euclid's celebrated ‘porism’.

1974 Encycl. Brit. Micropædia III. 561/3 In the Arithmetica three lemmas are referred to that were part of his [sc. Diophantus'] work on porisms (corollaries to theorems).

1991 D. Wells Penguin Dict. Curious & Interesting Geom. 192 Poncelet's porism implies that if two circles are the circumcircle and incircle of a triangle, there are an infinite number of other triangles of which they are also the circumcircle and incircle.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	porism
释义	porismn. Brit. /ˈpɔːrɪz(ə)m/, /ˈpɒrɪz(ə)m/, U.S. /ˈpɔˌrɪzəm/ Forms: late Middle English porysme, late Middle English 1700s porisme, 1700s– porism. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Partly a borrowing from Greek. Etymons: Latin porisma; Greek πόρισμα. Etymology: < (i) post-classical Latin porisma a deduction, a corollary (6th cent. in Boethius, c1100, 14th cent. in British sources) and its etymon (ii) Hellenistic Greek πόρισμα a deduction from a previous demonstration, a corollary (Euclid), a kind of proposition intermediate between a theorem and a problem < ancient Greek πορίζειν to carry, to provide, in Hellenistic Greek also to find out ( < πόρος way (see pore n.¹) + -ίζειν -ize suffix) +-μα (see -oma comb. form). Compare French porisme (1660).Porisms (Hellenistic Greek πορίσματα) were the subject and title of a lost work by Euclid. Numerous attempts have been made to reconstruct and interpret this work, but the extant evidence is problematic. Compare the following example of an unassimilated borrowing of Latin porisma or Greek πόρισμα: a1698 C. Morton Ess. Stork & Turtle (1703) 5 It may be proposed a Probleme, or Porisma, to be consider'd, whether the Souls of Brutes are not more than rarified, or inflamed matter. Mathematics. In Euclidean geometry: a proposition arising during the investigation of some other proposition by immediate deduction from it (= corollary n. 1); (in later use) a special case of a problem in which the particular values of its parameters result in the solution being indeterminate.Other widely different definitions have also been given. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > logic > logical proposition > [noun] > types of proposition corollaryc1374 porism?a1425 exclusive1533 exponible1569 exceptive1570 continuative1725 desitive1725 inceptive1725 inceptive proposition1725 limitative1864 pseudo-proposition1883 metaphysics1935 ?a1425 (c1380) G. Chaucer tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. iii. pr. x. 153 Thise geometriens, whan thei han schewed her proposicions, ben wont to bryngen yn thinges that thei clepen porismes [L. porismata] or declaracions of forseide thinges. c1450 ( J. Walton tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. (Linc. Cathedral 103) 180 (MED) Thei bringen in porysmes þat þai calle, þat ben conceytes or conclusiouns And as in manere declaraciouns Of forseid þing. 1704 J. Harris Lexicon Technicum I Porisme, Proclus and Pappus define this Geometrical Term to signifie a kind of Theorem, in the form of a Corollary, which is dependant upon, or deduced from some other Theorem already demonstrated. And 'tis commonly used to signifie some General Theorem, which is discovered from finding out some Geometrical Place. 1724 Philos. Trans. 1722–3 (Royal Soc.) 32 248 I shall deliver them under the form of Porisms; as..the Ancients called all Propositions treated by Analysis only. 1792 J. Playfair in Trans. Royal Soc. Edinb. 3 170 A Porism may be defined, A proposition affirming the possibility of finding such conditions as will render a certain problem indeterminate, or capable of innumerable solutions. 1853 A. Cayley Coll. Math. Papers II. 56 Researches on the Porism of the in- and circumscribed triangle. 1887 Notes & Queries 7th Ser. 4 424/2 Between i. 15 and 16 occurs the first porism or corollary, to the effect that the angles formed by two straight lines at their point of intersection are together equal to four right angles. 1946 W. Ivins Art & Geom. ix. 113 The earliest of these Greek things was Euclid's celebrated ‘porism’. 1974 Encycl. Brit. Micropædia III. 561/3 In the Arithmetica three lemmas are referred to that were part of his [sc. Diophantus'] work on porisms (corollaries to theorems). 1991 D. Wells Penguin Dict. Curious & Interesting Geom. 192 Poncelet's porism implies that if two circles are the circumcircle and incircle of a triangle, there are an infinite number of other triangles of which they are also the circumcircle and incircle. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.?a1425
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