polygonaladj.n.

Brit.

/pəˈlɪɡənl/,

/pəˈlɪɡn̩l/,

/pɒˈlɪɡənl/,

/pɒˈlɪɡn̩l/, U.S.

/pəˈlɪɡən(ə)l/

Origin: Either (i) formed within English, by derivation. Or (ii) a borrowing from Latin, combined with an English element. Etymons: polygon n.; Latin polygonum , -al suffix¹.

Etymology: < polygon n. or its etymon post-classical Latin polygonum + -al suffix¹. Compare French polygonal (1560 in Middle French).

A. adj.

a. Having the form of a polygon; having many (usually more than four) straight sides and angles; many-sided. Of a solid figure or body: having a cross-section or base that is a polygon.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > shape > angularity > specific angular shape > [adjective] > polygonal

polygon1570

multangular1606

multilateral1606

multangled1611

polygonal1653

multangulous1660

polygonous1660

polyangular1675

polygonial1701

polygonar1715

polygonic1792

multi-angular1842

the world > relative properties > number > geometry > shape or figure > [adjective] > three-dimensional > with particular section or base > polygonal

polygonal1653

polygonial1701

polygonar1715

polygonous1728

polygon1762

polygonic1792

the world > relative properties > number > geometry > shape or figure > [adjective] > two-dimensional > polygonal

polygon1570

multangular1606

multilateral1606

multangled1611

quinquangled1636

multangulous1660

polygonous1660

polyangular1675

polygonar1715

polygonal1757

polygonic1792

1653 T. Urquhart Logopandecteision iv. 71 A Spanish Ryal of Eight, of a Polygonal Form.

1702 A. Martindale Country-surv.-bk. iii. 24 Having added the Content of that Triangle to the Content of Trapezium, you have the Area of the whole polygonal Figure.

1752 Chambers's Cycl. (ed. 7) (at cited word) Polygonal column.

1757 Philos. Trans. 1756 (Royal Soc.) 49 513 Its whole surface is covered with small shallow polygonal cells.

1806 R. Heber Jrnl. in A. Heber Life R. Heber (1830) I. v. 156 The walls of the Kitai-gorod are of brick,..furnished with polygonal and square towers.

1857 A. Henfrey Elem. Course Bot. §652 The mutual pressure of cells..converts the spheroidal into polygonal forms.

a1878 G. G. Scott Lect. Mediæval Archit. (1879) I. 195 The polygonal chapter-house is an equally English feature.

1935 ‘A. Bridge’ Illyrian Spring ix. 102 The long vista was closed at the further end by the creamy polygonal mass of the Camerlengo tower.

1995 Wired Mar. 84/3 Bentham's treatise described a polygonal prison workhouse that placed the penal/industrial overseers in a central tower.

b. Physical Geography. Containing or forming polygonal features.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > land > landscape > [adjective] > types of terrain

stone-faced1632

karst1894

polygonal1924

karstic1925

sorted1950

pseudokarstic1960

1924 Geogr. Jrnl. 63 213 One is apt to mistake this polygonal system of ice-wedges for a continuous sheet of ground-ice.

1974 T. L. Péwé in T. L. Smiley & J. H. Zumberge Polar Deserts & Mod. Man iii. 42/1 The microrelief pattern of the ground generally called polygonal ground or tundra polygons.

2004 Biogeochemistry 69 341 A wet polygonal tundra of the Lena Delta, Northern Siberia.

2. Mathematics. Designating the numbers of any of several series, each beginning with 1 and obtained by continued summation of the successive terms of an arithmetic progression whose common difference is a whole number. Cf. slightly earlier polygonial adj.Thus the arithmetic progression 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, … (common difference 1) gives, by adding successive terms (1, 1 + 2, 1 + 2 + 3, etc.), the series of triangular numbers 1, 3, 6, 10, 15, … With common difference 2 (1, 3, 5, 7, …) are obtained the series of square numbers (1, 4, 9, 16, 25, …). Similarly with common difference 3, 4, etc., are obtained the series of pentagonal, hexagonal, etc., numbers. The polygonal numbers constitute the first order of figurate numbers.The numbers are so called because each one can be represented by dots arranged in the form of the corresponding regular polygon.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > number > mathematical number or quantity > [adjective] > produced in a certain way > figurate or polygonal

figural1551

figurate1614

figurated1642

pyramidala1690

polygonal1704

1704 J. Harris Lexicon Technicum I Polygonal Numbers, are such as are the Sums or Aggregates of Series of Numbers in Arithmetical Progression, beginning with Unity; and so placed, that they represent the Form of a Polygon.

1739 J. Hanna tr. C. Wolfius Treat. Algebra 145 A polygonal Number is the ½ difference of the Products arising from the Square of the Side into the number of Angles − 2, and of the same Side into the number of Angles − 4.

1842 W. T. Brande Dict. Sci., Lit. & Art 957/2 A very general and remarkable property of polygonal numbers was discovered by Fermat..:—Every number whatever is the sum of one, two, or three triangular numbers; the sum of one, two, three, or four squares; the sum of one, two, three, four, or five pentagonal numbers; and so on.

1987 APC Sept. 293/2 22 is a Polygonal Number of the third sequence and also a Pyramidal Number of the fourth sequence.

B. n.

†1. Mathematics. A polygonal number. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > number > mathematical number or quantity > [noun] > produced in a certain way > figurate or polygonal

corporal number1594

figurate numbers1666

polygonal1717

figurate1796

polygon1842

1717 P. Ronayne Treat. Algebra xvi. 212 The respective figurate Numbers of the Order, whose side is m (by the nature of Polygonals).

1730 A. Malcolm New Syst. Arithm. v. ii. 396 Thus the first Sums or Polygons, are Polygonals of the first Order; the second Sums, or Pyramids, are Polygonals of the second Order.

1795 C. Hutton Math. & Philos. Dict. Polygonal Numbers,..are called Polygonals, because the number of points in them may be arranged in the form of the several Polygonal figures in geometry.

2. A material object having the form of a polygon; = polygon n. 2a. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > shape > angularity > specific angular shape > [noun] > polygon > object in shape of

polygon1638

polygonal1738

1738 B. Langley Builder's Compl. Assistant ii. i. 66 Regular Superficies bounded by five or more Sides are called Polygons, or Polygonals, or Multilaterals.

1879 Times 19 Nov. 10/3 The bits of coloured marble are small polygonals of irregular sizes.

1997 A. W. McNicholl Hellenistic Fortifications vi. 152 Ornate polygonals with drafted, comb-picked margins.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2006; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	polygonal
释义	polygonaladj.n. Brit. /pəˈlɪɡənl/, /pəˈlɪɡn̩l/, /pɒˈlɪɡənl/, /pɒˈlɪɡn̩l/, U.S. /pəˈlɪɡən(ə)l/ Origin: Either (i) formed within English, by derivation. Or (ii) a borrowing from Latin, combined with an English element. Etymons: polygon n.; Latin polygonum , -al suffix¹. Etymology: < polygon n. or its etymon post-classical Latin polygonum + -al suffix¹. Compare French polygonal (1560 in Middle French). A. adj. 1. a. Having the form of a polygon; having many (usually more than four) straight sides and angles; many-sided. Of a solid figure or body: having a cross-section or base that is a polygon. ΘΚΠ the world > space > shape > angularity > specific angular shape > [adjective] > polygonal polygon1570 multangular1606 multilateral1606 multangled1611 polygonal1653 multangulous1660 polygonous1660 polyangular1675 polygonial1701 polygonar1715 polygonic1792 multi-angular1842 the world > relative properties > number > geometry > shape or figure > [adjective] > three-dimensional > with particular section or base > polygonal polygonal1653 polygonial1701 polygonar1715 polygonous1728 polygon1762 polygonic1792 the world > relative properties > number > geometry > shape or figure > [adjective] > two-dimensional > polygonal polygon1570 multangular1606 multilateral1606 multangled1611 quinquangled1636 multangulous1660 polygonous1660 polyangular1675 polygonar1715 polygonal1757 polygonic1792 1653 T. Urquhart Logopandecteision iv. 71 A Spanish Ryal of Eight, of a Polygonal Form. 1702 A. Martindale Country-surv.-bk. iii. 24 Having added the Content of that Triangle to the Content of Trapezium, you have the Area of the whole polygonal Figure. 1752 Chambers's Cycl. (ed. 7) (at cited word) Polygonal column. 1757 Philos. Trans. 1756 (Royal Soc.) 49 513 Its whole surface is covered with small shallow polygonal cells. 1806 R. Heber Jrnl. in A. Heber Life R. Heber (1830) I. v. 156 The walls of the Kitai-gorod are of brick,..furnished with polygonal and square towers. 1857 A. Henfrey Elem. Course Bot. §652 The mutual pressure of cells..converts the spheroidal into polygonal forms. a1878 G. G. Scott Lect. Mediæval Archit. (1879) I. 195 The polygonal chapter-house is an equally English feature. 1935 ‘A. Bridge’ Illyrian Spring ix. 102 The long vista was closed at the further end by the creamy polygonal mass of the Camerlengo tower. 1995 Wired Mar. 84/3 Bentham's treatise described a polygonal prison workhouse that placed the penal/industrial overseers in a central tower. b. Physical Geography. Containing or forming polygonal features. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > land > landscape > [adjective] > types of terrain stone-faced1632 karst1894 polygonal1924 karstic1925 sorted1950 pseudokarstic1960 1924 Geogr. Jrnl. 63 213 One is apt to mistake this polygonal system of ice-wedges for a continuous sheet of ground-ice. 1974 T. L. Péwé in T. L. Smiley & J. H. Zumberge Polar Deserts & Mod. Man iii. 42/1 The microrelief pattern of the ground generally called polygonal ground or tundra polygons. 2004 Biogeochemistry 69 341 A wet polygonal tundra of the Lena Delta, Northern Siberia. 2. Mathematics. Designating the numbers of any of several series, each beginning with 1 and obtained by continued summation of the successive terms of an arithmetic progression whose common difference is a whole number. Cf. slightly earlier polygonial adj.Thus the arithmetic progression 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, … (common difference 1) gives, by adding successive terms (1, 1 + 2, 1 + 2 + 3, etc.), the series of triangular numbers 1, 3, 6, 10, 15, … With common difference 2 (1, 3, 5, 7, …) are obtained the series of square numbers (1, 4, 9, 16, 25, …). Similarly with common difference 3, 4, etc., are obtained the series of pentagonal, hexagonal, etc., numbers. The polygonal numbers constitute the first order of figurate numbers.The numbers are so called because each one can be represented by dots arranged in the form of the corresponding regular polygon. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > number > mathematical number or quantity > [adjective] > produced in a certain way > figurate or polygonal figural1551 figurate1614 figurated1642 pyramidala1690 polygonal1704 1704 J. Harris Lexicon Technicum I Polygonal Numbers, are such as are the Sums or Aggregates of Series of Numbers in Arithmetical Progression, beginning with Unity; and so placed, that they represent the Form of a Polygon. 1739 J. Hanna tr. C. Wolfius Treat. Algebra 145 A polygonal Number is the ½ difference of the Products arising from the Square of the Side into the number of Angles − 2, and of the same Side into the number of Angles − 4. 1842 W. T. Brande Dict. Sci., Lit. & Art 957/2 A very general and remarkable property of polygonal numbers was discovered by Fermat..:—Every number whatever is the sum of one, two, or three triangular numbers; the sum of one, two, three, or four squares; the sum of one, two, three, four, or five pentagonal numbers; and so on. 1987 APC Sept. 293/2 22 is a Polygonal Number of the third sequence and also a Pyramidal Number of the fourth sequence. B. n. †1. Mathematics. A polygonal number. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > number > mathematical number or quantity > [noun] > produced in a certain way > figurate or polygonal corporal number1594 figurate numbers1666 polygonal1717 figurate1796 polygon1842 1717 P. Ronayne Treat. Algebra xvi. 212 The respective figurate Numbers of the Order, whose side is m (by the nature of Polygonals). 1730 A. Malcolm New Syst. Arithm. v. ii. 396 Thus the first Sums or Polygons, are Polygonals of the first Order; the second Sums, or Pyramids, are Polygonals of the second Order. 1795 C. Hutton Math. & Philos. Dict. Polygonal Numbers,..are called Polygonals, because the number of points in them may be arranged in the form of the several Polygonal figures in geometry. 2. A material object having the form of a polygon; = polygon n. 2a. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > space > shape > angularity > specific angular shape > [noun] > polygon > object in shape of polygon1638 polygonal1738 1738 B. Langley Builder's Compl. Assistant ii. i. 66 Regular Superficies bounded by five or more Sides are called Polygons, or Polygonals, or Multilaterals. 1879 Times 19 Nov. 10/3 The bits of coloured marble are small polygonals of irregular sizes. 1997 A. W. McNicholl Hellenistic Fortifications vi. 152 Ornate polygonals with drafted, comb-picked margins. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2006; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < adj.n.1653
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