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pooln.1 Origin: A word inherited from Germanic. Etymology: Cognate with Middle Dutch poel (Dutch poel), Middle Low German pōl, pūl, pȫl ( > Old Swedish pöl (Swedish pöl), Danish pøl), Old High German pfuol (Middle High German pfuol, German Pfuhl), of uncertain origin; perhaps related to Lithuanian balà bog.Old English had also pull and pyll (see pill n.1), with which compare also Old Icelandic pollr ; the relationship of these with Old English pōl is unclear. Compare also pill n.1, pow n.1, pulk n.1, and discussion at those entries. Compare Welsh pwll pool (12th cent.), hole, ditch (mid 14th cent.), Old Cornish pol pit (Middle Cornish, Cornish pol , Cornish poll pond, pit, etc.), Old Breton pul , Middle Breton poull hole, pit, pond (Breton poull pond, mud), Early Irish poll hole, pit (Irish poll , hole, pit, Scottish Gaelic poll hole, pond, body of stagnant water, slow deep part of a river), which are perhaps ultimately < Old English, though the exact relations of the Celtic words both to each other and to the English word are unclear. Both the Germanic and the Celtic words have occasionally been suggested to be loans < classical Latin palūs bog, swamp (see palus n.1) or an unattested derivative of it, but this is no longer generally regarded as likely on formal grounds. With sense 2b compare Anglo-Norman Pole the Pool of London (c1310). 1. the world > the earth > water > lake > pool > [noun] α. eOE King Ælfred tr. Gregory (Hatton) (1871) xxxix. 283 Swelce mon deopne pool gewerige. OE (Northumbrian) ix. 11 Uade ad natatoriam siloae et laua : gaa to ðæm pole..[Siloam] & aðuah. c1300 (Laud) (1868) 2101 (MED) Þan birþe men casten hem in poles Or in a grip or in þe fen. c1325 (c1300) (Calig.) 2773 (MED) Let delue vnder þe foundement & me ssal bineþe finde A water pol. c1384 (Douce 369(2)) 2 Macc. xii. 16 The pool of stondynge water..with blood was seen to flowe. (Harl. 221) 407 Pool, or ponde for fysche kepynge, vivarium. a1500 (a1400) (Chetham) (1889) 6652 (MED) I wold be drowned in a pole Or I ouer land shuld ledde a fole. 1535 2 Sam. ii. 13 They met together by the pole [1611 poole] at Gibeon, and these laye on the one syde of the pole, the other on the other syde. 1596 J. Dalrymple tr. J. Leslie (1888) I. 7 Poles, stankes, and standeng Lochis. a1618 J. Sylvester 135 His Fens with Fowl, his Pils and Poles with Fish; His Trees with Fruits, with Plenty every Dish. a1642 R. Callis (1647) ii. 59 A Pool is a meer standing water, without any current at all, and hath seldom or never any issue to convey away the waters. 1714 J. Gay iii. 105 Where the high stool On the long plank hangs o'er the muddy pool. 1770 O. Goldsmith 119 The noisy geese that gabbled o'er the pool. 1846 J. Ruskin (ed. 3) I. 323 There is hardly a roadside pond or pool which has not as much landscape in it as above it. a1933 J. A. Thomson (1934) I. iii. 39 There are many Protozoa in fresh waters..sun animalcules drifting in well-lighted, quiet corners of a pool. 1991 (Royal Hort. Soc.) Feb. 55/1 A haunting photograph of a chinoiserie pavilion, framed in maple leaves and reflected in a rocky pool. the world > the earth > water > lake > [noun] c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon (Calig.) (1978) 10852 Þer is æluene ploȝe in atteliche pole. a1325 (Cambr.) (1929) 517 (MED) Ou espleiteromes tut dreit au lay [glossed] gret pol [v.r. lake]. a1425 (c1395) (Royal) (1850) Luke v. 1 Jhesu..stood bisidis the pool of Genasereth. c1425 (c1400) 17229 (MED) In a lake that quene was caste..Pantasalye liggis In a pole. a1552 J. Leland (1711) VII. 49 Divers Springes cummeth owt of Borodale, and so make a great Lowgh that we cawle a Poole; and ther yn be iii. Isles. 1569 T. Underdowne tr. Heliodorus i. f. 3v A Poole..in the midste very deape, about the brimmes whereof are marshes, or fennes. a1616 W. Shakespeare (1623) iii. iv. 140 I'th'worlds Volume Our Britaine seemes as of it, but not in't: In a great Poole, a Swannes-nest. View more context for this quotation a1645 W. Browne (1954) i. 8 From whose continuall store such pooles are fed As in the land for seas are famosed. 1729 (Royal Soc.) 35 509 One of the Vertebræ, a Grinder, and a considerable Part of the..Tusk, were found in the Lake, or Pool of Hiulca. the world > the earth > water > flow or flowing > whirlpool > [noun] c1540 J. Bellenden tr. H. Boece ix. xxi. f. 126v/1 Comparit iustly to ane insaciabyl pule. 1600 E. Fairfax tr. T. Tasso xv. xxxi. 273 Nor windes nor waues, that ships insunder rent, Nor seas vnus'd, strange clime or poole vnkend, Nor other perill..shall keepe and hold, The noble spirit of this saylor bold. 1767 E. W. Montagu in (Royal Soc.) 56 42 This pool is about six miles northward of Cape Karondel. the world > the earth > water > lake > small body or puddle > [noun] 1596 R. Linche Dom Diego in sig. F Before his feete there stood A poole of teares. 1601 A. Munday & H. Chettle sig. L Downe to the ground he fell, where bones and flesh Lie pasht together, in a poole of bloode. 1665 J. Phillips ii. 53 Having spit a pool of Fleam, That stuck in's throat, & spoil'd his theam. 1746 T. Shaw Pref. 8 Nothing can be more obvious..than, in what a small Space of Time, the Sun dries up a little Pool of Water. 1777 M. Savage II. 83 Through pools of wet be forc'd to tramp, Thy limbs benumb'd by painful cramp. 1838 Apr. 256/2 I saw nothing but a small black pool of blood. 1860 J. Tyndall ii. xvii. 317 One of the little pools upon the surface of the glacier. 1948 A. Paton iii. v. 245 The rain came down through the roof. The pools formed on the floor. 1965 J. Kosinski xi. 150 He looked at my wet body and the pool of sweat on the floor. 1989 S. Bedford iv. 118 I took some bread and mopped up the little pool of garlic butter. 2. the world > the earth > water > rivers and streams > system > [noun] > pool as part of OE Bounds (Sawyer 360) in S. Miller (2001) 19 Of waddan ige andlang streames on ðone blacan pol. a1325 (Cambr.) (1929) 515 (MED) Si vous faudrez a cel estrauncke [glossed] pole [v.r. brok], Ou le eauwe est a descouraunt. c1400 (?c1380) l. 310 Alle þe gotez of þy guferes & groundelez powlez. 1595 tr. G. de S. Du Bartas 33 Which did conuert the watrie poole of Nile, To pulpe bloud. 1655 I. Walton (ed. 2) xx. 336 Such Pools as be large and have most gravel. 1707 in J. Lauder (1761) II. 363 The said stells..are deep ponds, pools and ditches in the river, where the salmon haunting are taken in nets spread beneath them. 1790 M. Tuomy tr. Euripides 7 She wanders through Limne, over the earth, and in the liquid pools of the briny sea. 1803 at Isla After passing the linn, it [sc. R. Isla] forms a deep pool of water, called Corral. 1812 J. Wilson ii. 171 A stream comes dancing from a mount... Then, tamed into a quiet pool Is scarcely seen to glide. 1885 10 380 It is not a very big burn, but there are some very deep pools in it. 1936 A. Ransome xiv. 144 They turned aside through the trees to the shrinking puddle that in other years had been a deep little pool in the stream. 1986 16 June 8/4 Rescuers..searched the deep pools of a salmon river. the world > the earth > named regions of earth > named cities or towns > [noun] > in Britain > Liverpool 1463–4 in L. Wright (1996) 118 Rykened by the tonne tighte from the Pole to the Citee. a1640 P. Massinger (1658) i. i. 1 The Ship is safe in the Pool then? 1722 D. Defoe 129 The River..between the Houses which we call Ratclif and Redriff, which they name the Pool. 1746 J. Bate 17 He came to describe our Shipping in the Pool, near London. 1800 P. Colquhoun i. 26 300 Colliers have been at one time in the Pool, and there are usually from 150 to 200 Sail. 1898 H. G. Wells i. xvii. 174 Until about mid-day, the Pool of London was an astonishing scene. Steamboats and shipping of all sorts lay there. 1925 L. O'Flaherty i. 23 He was over in the 'Pool on a job, but he's back this fortnight. 1972 P. Driscoll (1973) ii. 29 His origins: a street of back-to-backs..off the Scotland Road..the toughest part of the Pool to grow up in. 1985 S. Hood (1988) 75 The Pool was packed with freighters moored stem to stem. 1587 A. Fleming et al. (new ed.) III. Contin. 1352/2 [I] was forced to open the poole of my head, and to vnstop the gate of my hart. 1633 W. Rowley iii. sig. E2v Presume not too much to trouble The poole of my patience, it may rise foule. 1644 J. Milton 26 If her [sc. Truth] waters flow not in a perpetuall progression, they sick'n into a muddy pool of conformity and tradition. a1678 A. Marvell Mower against Gardens in (1681) 40 He first enclos'd within the Gardens square A dead and standing pool of Air. 1753 S. Richardson IV. xxxvii. 257 Other novelties are hunted after, to keep the pool of life from stagnating. 1792 T. Holcroft V. lxxxi. 16 She has been angling again in the muddy pool of paradox, and has hooked up a new dogma! 1816 42 36 Diving into the weedy pool of casuistic argument. 1882 No. 936 A Pair of Blue and White Dishes, with sunk pools. 1903 9 114 Hid in the marsh of years, Lies the still pool of memory. 1966 F. Herbert 23 Hawat's eyes were two pools of alertness in a dark and deeply seamed face. 1993 31 Oct. (Review Suppl.) 76/1 Sitting on kilim-covered tables, spilling cosy pools of light over desirable little objets. the world > the earth > minerals > mineral sources > [noun] > source rock > containing oil or gas 1863 687/1 Could a uniform and sufficient supply be procured, or were the wells and pools as yet opened merely limited deposits, liable to be soon exhausted? 1902 No. 198. 23 North and northeast of the Snyder pool six wells have been sunk. 1946 15 Dec. 27/2 In the Lone Grove pool there are four drilling wells, all nearing the completion stage. 1976 M. Machlin ii. 32 It tests over two thousand barrels a day—and God knows how much gas. I don't know how big the pool is. 2004 (Nexis) 4 July (Financial News section) Both of these pools are long life Cardium light oil pools with current netbacks of approximately $40 per boe. society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > water sports except racing > swimming > [noun] > swimming pool 1906 14 Oct. 21/2 A sign was posted on the door of the pool room stating, ‘400 boys in this pool today. You can go in if you want to.’ 1921 A. Huxley iv. 33 That part of the garden that sloped down from the foot of the terrace to the pool. 1941 B. Schulberg iv. 61 Collier was urging him to come early and try the pool. 1961 J. S. Salak 337 It is recommended that pools for championship meets should be at least 75 feet in length and 42 feet in width. 1994 Feb. 110/2 You can swim in the indoor pool. Compounds C1. General attributive. a. 1591 A. Fraunce tr. Heliodorus Æthiopical Hist. in sig. M3v Here theyr bratts are borne and bred, fit neast for a poole-byrde. 1725 J. Stevens tr. A. de Herrera Tordesillas II. v. iii. 347 There were ten or more Ponds, some of them of Salt Water..and others of fresh Water..for the Pool Birds. 2004 (Nexis) 10 Aug. 401 The service's Geelong office had issued a permit to kill 30 ducks..but he would have reservations about issuing any new permit to cull the pool birds. 1907 at Pool sb. Pool-ground. 1940 31 Dec. 6/4 He slipped on confection wrappers..inside the pool grounds and fell into the pool. 1984 (Nexis) 1 July wc1/1 Picnicking from 6 P.M. on pool grounds. 2003 (Nexis) 16 July Funding..will provide shade for various areas of their pool ground and their learn-to-swim area at the shallow end of the pool. b. Similative and objective. the world > matter > light > transparency or translucence > [adjective] 1924 E. Sitwell xiv. 51 Pierced through the pool-clear heart. 1847 R. W. Emerson 75 Pasture of pool-haunting herds. 1883 Feb. 441/2 Out of the marsh-land, the pasture of pool-haunting herds, we see like a blood-red flag the bright flamingoes fly. C2. the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > electronics > electronic devices or components > [noun] > rectifier > parts of mercury arc rectifier 1931 A. 132 297 Cold mercury pool cathodes are also employed in some thyratrons. 1955 5 286 A high density plasma of mercury ions was formed in the mercury arc discharge from a pool cathode. 1966 (rev. ed.) VIII. 236/2 Pool-cathode mercury-arc tubes are widely used for medium and high-power applications in welding and rectifier service. 1989 86 4341/1 The electrochemical properties of the hemin solution (2 ml) were first examined by cyclic voltammetry using a mercury pool cathode. 1978 E. N. Arnold & J. A. Burton 85 Rana lessonae Pool frog. 1998 12 Oct. 6/1 The pool frog is about to be recognised as a native British species now its population has been reduced to one captive male. 2002 12 Jan. 4242 The DNA analysis was decisive too, clearly linking the Norfolk pool frogs to Scandinavian populations rather than those over the Channel. society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > water sports except racing > swimming > [noun] > swimming pool > building containing society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > water sports except racing > swimming > [noun] > swimming pool > building beside 1884 19 Nov. 2/3 We assisted in a great hunt after a water-snake in the pool-house. 1948 4 Aug. 19/8 A chilly London mist filtered into the poolhouse. 1975 A. Bergman (1976) ix. 123 The poolhouse had showers, marked ‘Fillies’ and ‘Stallions’. 1990 R. Critchfield iv. 269 It was a nice house on San Vicente Boulevard with a pool and pool house. the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular cultivated or ornamental plants > particular flower or plant esteemed for flower > [noun] > water-lilies 1902 Oct. 576 Her heart sank like a pool-lily at shadow. 1972 18 May c8 (advt.) Pool lillies and other plants. the world > relative properties > measurement > the scientific measurement of volume > measure(s) of capacity > [noun] > specific measures or standards 1701 27 Lighter-men shall Sell Pool Measure, or forfeit for every Vatt of Coals otherwise sold (besides Satisfaction to the Person wronged) Ten Pounds. 1800 J. S. Girdler x. 201 Mr. —— took a chaldron from about twenty of Pool measure, belonging to a Sugar-baker in Whitechapel. 1848 26 Feb. 2/5 50 tons of Adair Main coals, at per ton, Pool measure, according to the ship coal-meter's certificates, to be delivered into the cellars, &c. of the Workhouse. 1993 16 July (Sports section) d4/3 Available for about $6, the pool noodle is a long tubular piece of foam about four feet in length. 2015 M. Lepore et al. i. 10 Students progress to holding the instructor's shoulders, and then to a kickboard or pool noodle pulled by the instructor. society > leisure > social event > social gathering > party > [noun] > bathing party 1913 17 Aug. vii. 4 (headline) Hot spring ‘pool party’ a new wrinkle in entertainments. Water nymphs dine from floating table at unique function in honor of Mrs. Otis Skinner. 1967 11 July 3/3 A teen-age pool party will be held Saturday evening. 1994 26 Oct. 30/2 Michael and Debbie have a splashtastic time arranging a pool party over at Rick's. the world > the earth > water > lake > pool > [noun] > fish-way into or out of pool 1883 (ed. 4) 125 Plan and Section of Fish Pass..example of a Pool Pass. 1969 18 Sept. i. 2/5 First prize will be a family pool pass for one year. 2000 (Nexis) 15 Oct. w60 Residents must have a pool pass.., which is included in the annual homeowner's association fees. the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > a grass or grasses > reedy or aquatic grasses > [noun] > reed or the reed plant 1587 T. Newton tr. L. Lemnius 150 Another kinde of Reede there is growing by the banks of standing waters, and on the shores of riuers, which hath a long, round and hollowe stalke or strawe, full of knottie ioints..This kinde, is our common Poole Reede, Spear or Cane reede. 1879 R. C. A. Prior (ed. 3) 187 Pole-reed, properly..called in our western counties, Pool-reed, from its place of growth, Arundo Phragmites. 1832 H. Howard II. 360 Poolroot, White Snake-Root... The root is small, fibrous, of a dirty white, from two to four inches long... The root of this plant is the part used in medicine. It appears to be a warm stimulating tonic. 1869 W. Cook 418 Eupatorium Ageratoides. White snakeroot, pool root. 1941 E.L. Moseley xiv. 146 The plant that causes Milk Sickness has many names—White Snakeroot, White Sanicle, Indian Sanicle, Richweed, Deerwort, Boneset, Whitetop, Squawweed, Steria, Poolwort, Poolroot. 1907 at Pool sb. Pool-rush, the Bulrush, Scirpus lacustris; sometimes erroneously, Typha latifolia. 1940 R. Gibbings iv. 27 The true bulrush, pool rush, or blue rush is the tall slender wand..with a little feathery tuft near its tip. 1951 (Royal Hort. Soc.) IV. 2174/2 The name ‘Bulrush’ has now become popularly associated with this species [sc. Typha latifolia], although it is used in books mostly for the Pool-rush Scirpus lacustris. the world > animals > birds > order Charadriiformes > family Scolopacidae (snipes, etc.) > [noun] > member of genus Tringa > tringa totanus (red(-)shank) 1678 J. Ray tr. F. Willughby 299 The Redshank or Pool-Snipe. 1738 E. Albin III. 82 Poole-snipe. 1892 D. Jordan (ed. 2) 256 The redshank, pool-snipe, teuke or took..; all these names are given to him. the world > animals > birds > order Charadriiformes > family Scolopacidae (snipes, etc.) > [noun] > member of genus Tringa > tringa totanus (red(-)shank) 1661 R. Lovell 182 Poole-snite... They have a strong and unpleasant rellish, and live wholly upon fish. 1757 T. Arnold 479 Pool-Snipe, Pool-Snite. OE (Northumbrian) xi. 7 Harundinem uento agitatum : gerd uel puulsper [perh. read pulsper] from uinde styrende uel sceæcende.] 1847 J. O. Halliwell II. 637/1 Pool-speare, a reed. South. 1890 J. S. Billings II. 371/1 Poolwort, Eupatorium aromaticum, L. 1913 N. L. Britton & A. Brown (ed. 2) III. 362/2 Eupatorium aromaticum... Smaller white Snake-root... In dry soil, Massachusetts to Florida... Called also poolroot, poolwort, and wild hoarhound. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2006; most recently modified version published online June 2022). pooln.2 Origin: Of unknown origin. Etymology: Origin unknown. English regional, Building ( rare). society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > building or providing with specific parts > [noun] > measure of work in roofing or flooring 1669 S. Colepress in (Royal Soc.) 4 1010 Charges of Covering Houses with Slate... Every Poole of work is either 6 foot broad and 14 foot up, on both sides, or 168 foot in length and one in breadth. 1847 J. O. Halliwell Poole, a measure of work in slating, or covering houses with slate. 1888 F. T. Elworthy (at cited word) In building, it is usual to speak of ‘a pool of joists’; meaning the number of joists sufficient for the space between the wall and a beam or girder, or between two beams... The word only applies where main beams or short joists between dwarf walls are used... Also used for a similar space on a roof, which is covered by a ‘pool o' rafters’. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022). pooln.3Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French poule. Etymology: < French poule collective stakes in a game (1665, with reference to the card game reversis; now especially in billards (1832), also in betting (1856, originally on horses)), of uncertain origin, perhaps a transferred use of poule hen (see pull n.2), perhaps with allusion to contemporary collocations or proverbs (see E. G. Lindfors-Nordin Poule, poulet (aux jeux de hasard) in Zeitschr. f. französische Sprache u. Lit. 62 (1939) 36–9).Compare the following early punning use in French:1680 Mme de Sévigné Let. 30 June Si Dangeau est de ce jeu, il prendra toutes les poules: c'est un aigle. French jouer aux poules , literally ‘playing (with) the hens’ (1606) refers to the board game jeu du renard (‘fox game’) and is probably unrelated. In English use this word has apparently been associated with pool n.1 since at least the 18th cent.: compare e.g. quot. 1766 at sense 1b, with punning reference to the fish in a pool (compare fish n.3). Although first attested later than sense 1a, sense 1b may have been the original sense in English. I. Senses relating to games, sport, and betting. 1. Cards. society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > card game > [noun] > game or match 1693 T. Southerne iii. 34 What say you to a Pooile at Comet, At my House? 1696 G. G. Granville iii. i. 45 Compose your self enough to go in and Play a Pool with us. 1732 M. Delany (1861) I. 346 I played two pools at commerce. 1779 F. Burney Let. ?23 Feb. in (1994) 252 I won 1s6d at Back gammon!—in a pool with Mrs. Thrale & Sir Philip Jennings Clerke! 1801 18 21 Our party was put off till the Monday, when we played six pools. 1813 J. Austen I. xiv. 149 She..had sent for him only the Saturday before, to make up her pool of quadrille in the evening. View more context for this quotation 1859 W. M. Thackeray II. ix. 70 I dare say the resolute lady sate down with her female friends to a pool of cards and a dish of coffee. 1923 J. Buchan (1924) ii. 57 A pool was made at commerce, in which all joined. society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > card game > [noun] > actions or tactics > bidding or staking > pool 1710 W. Byrd 21 Sept. (1941) 233 We went home and played at piquet and I won the pool. 1766 C. Anstey viii. ii. 52 Industrious Creatures! that make it a Rule To secure half the Fish while they manage the Pool. 1776 E. Harris Let. 1 Mar. in (1870) I. 341 The ton here is the game of ‘Commerce’, which the fine people play immoderately high, sometimes 1000l. the pool, the lowest hand giving ten guineas each deal. a1854 E. Grant (1988) II. xxiii. 138 Every one who played Commerce had a frame in the Pool. 1887 W. Black 215 They continued the game..with the addition of a half-a-crown pool to increase the attraction. 1977 May 26 If the holder manages to..discard it on a trick when a suit is led of which he has no cards, he wins the pool. 1990 S. Raphael tr. H. de Balzac 31 At the very moment when Madame Grandet was winning a pool of sixteen sous. society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > card game > [noun] > actions or tactics > bidding or staking > pool > receptacle 1770 87 Enamel Manufacturers. These ingenious Artists make Candlesticks, Snuff Boxes, Ink Stands,..Quadrille Pooles, Smelling Bottles..and all sort of small Trinkets for Ladies Watches, etc. 1799 16 [Lot] 62 Five quadrille pools. 1816 G. W. Singer 262 If an odd number is given [in Gleek] the eldest hand claims the largest half, or else the odd one is given to the pool [1680 C. Cotton Compl. Gamester 65, 1734 R. Seymour Compl. Gamester 26, or else it is given to the box]. 1830 R. Hardie 86 Each player..stakes a certain number of counters..which are placed in a box or pool as a fund for the lottery. 1882 49 C can straddle B's ante by putting in the pool two chips. society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > billiards, pool, or snooker > [noun] 1797 21 Oct. 4/4 (advt.) Any gentlemen wishing to play the Game of Pool, can be accommodated with Balls for the purpose. 1819 1 Dec. A party was made up for pool, in which game several played for money, while the lookers on smoked segars and drank brandy and water. 1821 276 Pool..is played by an indefinite number of persons, who each have their several balls. 1851 E. Fitzgerald 7 He was waiting till some men had finished a pool of billiards up-stairs. 1873 J. Bennett & ‘Cavendish’ 5 ‘French billiards’ was essentially single pool. 1934 J. T. Farrell x. 163 We'll play fifty straight pool, and I'll spot you ten. 1992 23 Feb. 30/1 A few things hinted that the pool here is not the kind Paul Newman played against Jackie Gleason... Nine-ball (rather than straight pool) was one. 2003 July 28/1 English 8-ball pool, or Billiard Anglais as it is known in France, if [sic] often thought of as less international than the 9-ball game. society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > competitive shooting > [noun] > types of match or contest 1860 5 July 9/6 The pool shooting at the ‘Aunt Sally’ targets has proved so attractive to the public that it is intended to devote more of the butts to this unrestricted competition. 1862 5 July 7 The sort of pot-hunting known at Wimbledon and elsewhere as Pool, where the value of a bull's-eye is much more considered than the credit of handling with success the Queen of weapons. 1869 6 July Pool and other breech-loading firing is made continuous instead of intermittent. 1925 14 Apr. 6/6 Pools were at their best and so were the gunners. 1999 (Nexis) 9 Jan. 26 Including a re-entry pool shoot, the day raised £625. 4. Betting. society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > betting > [noun] > stake > collective society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > betting > [noun] > stake > in horse or dog racing > auction pool 1868 3 July 10/1 Let us take a glance at the pool stand before the races begin. 1874 ‘M. Twain’ 310 No pools permitted on the run of the comet—no gambling of any kind. 1881 7 Sept. 5/2 That the accounts of their horseracing should sometimes puzzle English readers by the mention of ‘pools’ and ‘Paris mutuals’ is possible. 1913 A. Bennett ii. x. 311 The Lithuania was lagging... Every day, in the auction-pool on the ship's run, it was the holder of the lower field that pocketed the money. 1928 7 Aug. 12/5 Stewards are stationed at different points to give weary travellers a welcome lift and prevent them from getting off the beaten track and missing the auction pool. 1949 15 July 6/1 Wilfred acts as auctioneer on board the ‘Queen Mary’ during the pool on the ship's daily run. 1966 15 Oct. 5/2 Anyone gifted with sufficient foresight to name all six winners today will deserve to win the pool. 1973 2 Mar. 2/6 The unexpected victory of Game Sauce in the second division scuttled jackpot hunters and the pool of £1,027 goes forward to Naas tomorrow. 1993 Feb. 49/4 Super G..had a pool of only £14,000, which barely represents the risks of this discipline. society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > betting > football pools > [noun] 1929 5 Apr. 9/2 So soon as the results of matches became known the amounts of bets were totalled and the results of pools were decided on Saturday night. 1938 iv. 39 The Pools provide an outlet for personal frustration, ambition and faith. 1947 30 Aug. 9/3 This is the method of entry for a 14-match pool, allowing for six permutated matches with eight bankers. In 12- and 13-match pools, the bankers required will be six and seven respectively. 1948 M. Allingham xiv. 174 I wouldn't have had this happen, not for a thirty-thousand win in the pools. 1966 A. E. Lindop xxi. 266 I'm saving up to buy her a big book on birds... We had a nuthatch last Friday, and you'd think she'd won the pools. 1974 A. Fowles iv. 39 He sat at the main desk doing his pools... He'd never won a sausage. 2001 S. Brett (2002) xiv. 101 The pools! Weldisham reckons it's bad form even to know what a pools coupon is, and actually to win on one... well, that's the height of vulgarity. society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > betting > [noun] > type of bet 1963 2 Sept. c1/1 They have a dollar pool in the office based on the paid attendance at each game. 1986 (Nexis) 27 May f1 We have a pool in our office as to where the next affadavit is going to come from. 2003 J. Isenberg 259 Grandma Sadie started a pool to bet on your wedding date or where you two would go for your honeymoon. 5. society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > fighting sports > fencing > [noun] > bout or contest > types of 1901 9 Mar. 12/4 What is termed a Poule à l'epée was arranged between teams of six a side, each member of the one team fighting a duel with the six members of the other, in rotation.] 1901 9 Mar. 12/4 Came out head of the pool, receiving only one hit in his six engagements. 1927 24 May 18/6 The first and second round pools with the foil were fought yesterday, and an original entry of fifty-two..was reduced to sixteen, who will fight in the semi-final pools of eight this morning. 1960 C.-L. de Beaumont viii. 236 The order of bouts laid down in the rules for team matches, or for pools of various sizes in individual competitions. 1988 E. D. Morton 139/3 Each member of a pool fences all the others; the minimum number is five and a minimum of three must be promoted. society > leisure > sport > player or sportsperson > [noun] > team or group society > leisure > sport > player or sportsperson > [noun] > team or group > group of teams > minor 1936 14 Feb. 16/5 Canada therefore enters the final pool with Great Britain and the leading two clubs from Pool ‘B’. 1972 30 Apr. 34/7 The team flies to Groningen tomorrow, drawn in a tough pool with Poland, Spain and Hungary. 1999 9 Dec. 50/3 Bulawayo Athletic Club finished first in their pool ahead of Sharkia. 2004 1 Nov. (London ed.) 49/1 The Tigers' progress in the so-called ‘pool of death’ was checked by a 23-8 loss at Parc des Sports Aguilera. II. Extended uses. 6. society > trade and finance > trading organization > [noun] society > trade and finance > financial dealings > [noun] > money-dealer > capitalist or financier > combination of society > occupation and work > business affairs > a business or company > [noun] > syndicate or cartel 1868 July 116/1 Mr. Drew..formed a ‘pool’ with other speculators who were committed to the rise, and lifted Erie buoyantly to 97. 1881 1 June The marine insurance men are still striving to form a pool, and expect soon to succeed. 1906 Jan. 146/1 His little history of the fifty-million dollar pool in Union Pacific Preferred Stock showed that it was a ‘blind pool’, to run for five years. 1979 30 Sept. 84/2 Often in pools or syndicates, participants would subscribe large sums that were used to purchase a selected stock. 1990 11 Oct. 25/3 (advt.) The Grain Marketing Act established the Grain Pool as the single seller of the prescribed grains, barley, lupins, linseed and rapeseed. 2004 12 Jan. (Central ed.) c4/6 In 1999, the WSW 1996 fund was rolled up with another pool of investments into a new fund. the mind > possession > supply > [noun] > source of supply > common 1875 2 Nov. 7/1 The great pool or combination of the roads leading from this city to the East is now in working order. 1881 17 June The agreement for a reorganization of the south-western freight pool. 1917 ‘Contact’ 127 Before they join a squadron pilots fresh from their instruction in England gain experience on service machines belonging to the ‘pool’ at Saint Gregoire. 1930 11 Feb. p. xxxiii/1 Enabling the pool of electricity provided by the ‘Grid’ to be tapped for distribution throughout the area. 1958 15 June 13/7 Each animal and plant population draws on a large pool of genes. 1996 Mar. 62/1 Competition..makes the BBC sharpen up its act and it increases the pool of ideas and talent to draw on. society > occupation and work > materials > fuel > chemical fuel > [noun] > liquid 1940 M. Nicholson 4 In war it [sc. petrol] all goes round in grey tankers and is all called ‘Pool’. 1952 6 Sept. 581 Early in the war all petrol was of uniform quality, the Pool. 1969 11 Sept. 15/3 Pool stayed with us until 1953 (and had risen to 74 octane average). the world > life > biology > substance > process stimulators or inhibitors > metabolite > [noun] > quantity of a1941 R. Schoenheimer (1942) ii. 45 One might assume that the nitrogen in the amino acid had been completely replaced with nitrogen from the metabolic pool. 1951 10 43 From the total mass a pure sample of B is chemically isolated; if it is ‘contaminated’ with radioactive B, this can only have come from the metabolic pool of the organism. 1968 24 249/2 Fowle, Matthews and Campbell (1964)..put forward a model which separated the body CO2 into intracellular and extracellular pools. 1971 30 July 329/1 Thus shorter chain acids..would have been produced by partial degradation of palmitic acid, with concomitant dilution of label by the cellular pool of palmitic acid. 1998 274 c992 The ability to resynthesize ATP during recovery from ischemia is limited to the size of endogenous pool of adenine nucleotides. 7. society > society and the community > social relations > co-operation > [noun] > pool of people 1920 A. Beaman 115 Eiffel was nominated to the ‘pool’. A certain number of officers from each Regiment were collected and kept behind in some place of safety, in order to replace the casualties of the battle; and this reserve of cannon fodder was called the ‘pool’. 1928 I. Curtis in xvii. 333 The staff as a whole is organized as a ‘pool’ for various miscellaneous duties, such as examination work, the preparation of the tutorial courses. 1937 V. Bartlett x. 150 The typists were..relegated to a ‘pool’ at the top of the building. 1944 ‘N. Shute’ iv. 75 Chap with a face like a burglar—came in with the last lot from the pool. 1972 K. Benton iv. 32 Diana's a competent girl, and she doesn't chatter about her work to the typists' pool. 2002 K. Matinuddin iv. 86 Bhutto also announced at that meeting that a pool of 100 scientists would be created. society > communication > journalism > journalist > [noun] > reporter > pool of 1939 Nov. 95/2 Telegraph and telephone lines leading from England to the Continent were commandeered..and the London news pools of both U.P. and A.P. were thus dammed. 1944 10 June 2/4 Lt. Gen. Omar. N. Bradley..was satisfied with the progress of the campaign so far, an undated and unsigned dispatch in the Allied press pool said today. 1967 R. J. Serling (1968) vi. 102 Call a press conference and lay it on the line. They can choose themselves between a permanent pool or a one-shot visit. 1993 27 Jan. 13/1 The President went jogging without the pool this morning. 2003 27 Mar. (Online section) 6/1 The BBC has a warblog for its pool of reporters. society > occupation and work > working > labour supply > [noun] > register of dockworkers seeking work 1955 18 June 7/1 A considerable number of seamen on strike at Liverpool have applied for reregistration at the local shipping ‘pool’. 1964 O. E. Middleton in C. K. Stead (1966) 2nd Ser. 194 The usual round and the same stale answers on every ship: ‘All hands are hired through the Pool. Are you established members of the Pool?’ 1986 T. Lane vi. 164 Most ports had what was known as the ‘Pool’, an employment office run by shipowners which tried to match the requirements of ships with the availability of men. 2005 (Nexis) 15 Feb. 3 A regulatory and organisational shake-up of stevedoring pools in the country's state-owned ports. Compounds C1. General attributive. a. (In sense 1.) society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > card game > [noun] > actions or tactics > bidding or staking > pool > receptacle ?1780 (single sheet) Needle Cases, Snuffer Trays, Quadrille Pool Dishes, [etc.]. 1799 P. A. Nemnich ii. Spielbricken, fish-pools and pool dishes. 1878 H. H. Gibbs (ed. 2) 19 The Dealer then setting the pool-dish at his right hand, places in it five points. b. (In sense 2.) society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > billiards, pool, or snooker > [noun] > ball 1838 23 July 2/3 (advt.) There is a new table, with cues, ball, pool balls, &c., gass [sic] fittings, and every requisite. 1885 23 Dec. Luc Water..and Pete Hofel were brought before Justice Alft yesterday for breaking into A. Wheeler's saloon.., stealing 1500 cigars and all his billiard and pool balls. 1913 Z. Grey i. 24 Gale heard the click of pool balls and the clink of glasses along the crowded bar. 1993 29 Apr. 2/4 The equipment needed includes a large screen television set, set of pool balls and Super NES for Nintendo. society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > billiards, pool, or snooker > [noun] > place for play 1878 2 Feb. 2/5 An extensive new bar and pool-hall recently opened in Aurora. 1951 J. Steinbeck 23 His malformed wisdom, his pool-hall, locker-room, joke-book wisdom. 1995 24 Apr. 55/3 It wasn't until they started cleaning up the pool halls that I started playing again. society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > billiards, pool, or snooker > [noun] > place for play 1914 2 Nov. 4/5 Many of the boys who now seek amusement in pool joints. 1930 H. B. Zink ii. v. 137 The Lexow Committee brought money paid by saloons, gambling and pool joints, and houses of the underworld dangerously near the door of the Tammany boss. 2003 (Nexis) 31 Oct. 27 A sassy college professor..who..hangs out at dive bars and pool joints. society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > billiards, pool, or snooker > [noun] > place for play 1876 28 Jan. (advt.) West Oakland Pool Parlor. 1939 (Federal Writer's Project) 259 It is a wide, shabby avenue, flanked by cheap shops, bars, lunchrooms, pool parlors, and ‘gin mills’. 2004 (Nexis) 13 Mar. n3 Gitana..once encompassed 20,000 square feet, including a nightclub, sports bar and pool parlor. 1856 July 55 He..was..a tolerable musician, a good pool-player, a passable poet. 1937 E. H. Sutherland iii. 68 The lemon is an agreement between the inside man, an expert pool player, and a prospect, by which the prospect will win bets on the pool games played by the expert. 1994 J. Birmingham (1997) viii. 168 Not being much of a pool player, Scarey Bill left the pub early. society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > billiards, pool, or snooker > [noun] > player 1896 20 May 1/6 Messrs Sutterwhite and Wallace, the Virginia crack pool shooters. 1917 17 July 1/3 Clearwater the great pool shooter was the star attraction in Clearfield last evening. 1961 2 Nov. 495/1 A professional pool-shooter. 1985 B. Holm 45 Pool-shooters, rummy-players, snoose-chewers and beer-drinkers barely looked up from their games. society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > billiards, pool, or snooker > [noun] > table 1860 T. Hughes II. xvii. 328 Tom's good eye and steady hand, and the practice he had had at the..pool-table, gave him considerable advantage. 1951 18 Dec. 7 (advt.) Pool tables. Available in three sizes. 2001 R. Kenna (ed. 2) 49/2 The lounge houses a pool table and big screen TV. c. (In sense 4.) society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > betting > football pools > [noun] > betting on 1879 11 Oct. 3/2 Pool betting was very lively yesterday, and as a rule the favorites proved losers. 1955 T. H. Pear xiii. 293 It is easy to understand why the popularity of all-in wrestling and speedway racing has not spread ‘upwards’, while that of pool-betting has. 1993 J. Kay iii. viii. 115 In pool betting, the most popular pool can offer the largest prizes, and that enhances the attraction of the pool—and in turn its value. society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > betting > [noun] > stake > collective > box 1868 15 July 5/5 Persons who..have put a ticket for one of the great prize competitions into a pool-box. 1902 A. D. McFaul 171 The vehement cheers of those about the pool box seemed more deafening as the race progressed. 1924 14 July 3/3 The pool box contained but $1,100, with wagers even. 1881 14 Sept. If you can not accept an invitation to dinner do not write your regret on the back of a pool check with a blue pencil. 1906 21 Dec. 1/6 That is the theory opened up by the finding of the pool check in the dead man's clothes. 1933 H. O'Connor xiii. 244 Assigned to action at Liberty Hut on September 24, 1918, he distributed mail, sold chocolates, made out pool checks. society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > betting > football pools > [noun] > coupon or entry 1936 26 Feb. 14/3 The public will be unable to mark their pool coupons. 1994 (Nexis) 16 Feb. 3 (caption) Harry and Barry Mallett have been filling in the pool coupon together for 20 years. society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > betting > football pools > [noun] > managers or shareholders 1900 21 Apr. 2/3 A New York blind pool promoter has been sent to prison for seven years. 1983 26 Jan. 26/2 In 1982 the Pool Promoters Association paid the soccer business £4.5m for the use of their fixtures list. society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > betting > [noun] > person collecting stakes 1870 15 July 6/1 The pure sporting element promenaded from the stand to the pool seller's position and eagerly bet upon their favorites. 1923 3 Jan. 3/1 Certain pool sellers stated that they were paying protection money to county officials. 2003 (Nexis) 17 May 2 e So much money was wagered on the race that pool sellers ran out of tickets. society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > betting > [noun] > stake > collection of stakes put down 1869 J. H. Browne 573 Pool selling is managed in this way. 1944 14 May 6/2 Weaver and Speck were arrested for poolselling and bookmaking. 2004 8 Mar. b7 Charged..with engaging in bookmaking, and pool selling and bookmaking. 1868 3 July 10/1 Let us take a glance at the pool stand before the races begin. 1888 28 Apr. The appearance of the race track yesterday led to the suggestion that congress had been transferred from the capitol to the grand stand and the adjoining pool stands. 1910 22 Aug. 6/4 As a rule, no sooner is a pool stand allowed to operate..than a ‘great noise’ in the way of boastfulness is made by the ‘participating interests’. 1870 24 Aug. Belle Mahone and Indian Pony had been the favourites at the pool ticket stand. 1952 4 June 7/1 It was his pool ticket. Thursday the ticket won him a prize of 600,000 marks ($14,280). 2004 (Nexis) 29 Jan. (Advertising Suppl.) 18 Every $20 punter's pool ticket purchased on course at Te Rapa, goes into a draw to win one of 10 $500 betting vouchers. d. (In senses 6 and 7.) society > trade and finance > money > funds or pecuniary resources > [noun] > combination of different currencies 1946 28 Sept. 10/2 Foreign cigars require dollar pool currency, which, as the Government so often tell us, must be reserved for food and essentials. 1956 2 Mar. 14/3 The premiums commanded by the pool currency in Brazilian exchange auctions have fallen as amounts offered have increased. 2002 (Nexis) 26 Aug. (Business Line) In the pool currency (a basket of five major currencies), as the predominant currency—the dollar—has appreciated against other currencies, there is a downside advantage. society > communication > journalism > journalist > [noun] > reporter > pool of 1929 31 July 4/1 Because of differences between the cooperative and pool groups on the grain industry. 1947 16 188/2 Through various pool groups of Chinese companies. 1992 (Nexis) 30 Aug. (Show section) 1 ‘It fits in well..with the mood of the country’, Springsteen told a pool group of reporters earlier this month. society > occupation and work > working > labour supply > [noun] > employment exchange 1884 26 Aug. 3/5 There was no open cutting of passenger rates to the west over the counters of the regular pool offices yesterday. 1964 O. E. Middleton in C. K. Stead (1966) 2nd Ser. 194 You have only to show your papers at the Pool office, and wait for a ship. 1992 (Nexis) 22 Mar. a1 The contractors often charged workers for transportation from the pool office to the jobs. society > communication > journalism > working practices and conditions > [noun] > conformity to combined interests 1930 14 Oct. 9/5 The pool policy of withholding supply through unified control had resulted..in a collapse of prices. 1991 (Nexis) 9 July 1 The Pentagon did not claim that the pool policy was the least restrictive means of allowing coverage. society > trade and finance > merchandise > article(s) to be sold > [noun] > stock > reserve or stock-pile 1933 7 Mar. 1/ The Wisconsin Milk Pool..has already applied for a brand name for Pool products. 1991 Rules & Guidelines for News Media (U.S. Dept. Def.) Jan. 14 in R. Fenton (1993) i. 14 In the event of hostilities, pool products will be subject to review before release. society > communication > journalism > journalist > [noun] > reporter > pool reporter 1955 23 Aug. 12/4 Mr. Eisenhower told two ‘pool’ reporters on his private plane..that ‘the Red Cross is a wonderful thing’. 1991 31 Jan. 1/1 Eight to ten Marines were killed, pool reporters quoting military officials said. society > communication > journalism > journalist > [noun] > reporter > pool reporter 1941 26 Mar. 2/4 Pool representatives said the purpose of their visit was to support the Saskatchewan legislature's resolution. 2002 (Nexis) 25 June c4 He still must speak nightly to a pool representative for the nine Japanese reporters. society > travel > air or space travel > transport by air > [noun] > type of service 1906 14 532 Even where ships are not chartered, it is common to have them surveyed when they enter pool service. 1940 Apr. 40/2 Chain gang, crew assigned to pool service, working first in, first out. 1964 Summer Pool Services from London: Flights to Denmark, Norway and Sweden are in co-operation with S.A.S...to Prague with C.S.A. and to Warsaw with LOT. society > travel > transport > transport or conveyance in a vehicle > shared transport > [noun] 1940 21 Feb. 5/7 Protests were made against what was described as the wasteful and overlapping system of compulsory pool transport. 2002 (Nexis) 11 Nov. 17 The council should buy some of the £600 bikes as pool transport. society > communication > printing > typing > typist > [noun] > from pool 1942 N. Balchin ix. 121 Pearce rang up with a long tale of woe about being very short of pool typists. 2000 (Nexis) 2 Sept. 2 b Mrs. Koch worked as a pool typist for the U.S. Government during World War II in Newark. C2. With plural (in sense 6b). society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > betting > football pools > [noun] > coupon or entry 1951 A. Baron v. iv. 337 Children will be educated.., not just to be office boys and fill in the pools coupon. 2001 S. Brett (2002) xiv. 101 Weldisham reckons it's bad form even to know what a pools coupon is, and actually to win on one..well, that's the height of vulgarity. society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > betting > football pools > [noun] > coupon or entry 1961 ‘J. Wyndham’ 218 Where is that Pools entry-form?] 1972 A. Draper i. 5 The copy coupon of his pools entry. 2004 (Nexis) 17 Apr. 4 We are keen to take advantage of modern communication methods for the collection of pools entries. society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > betting > football pools > [noun] > managers or shareholders 1936 29 Feb. 4/7 We are opposed to any form of boycott, and hope all pools investors will attend their local matches as usual. 1985 13 Aug. 21/4 A competition run by 85 Canon League and Scottish league clubs..provides pools investors with a welcome and stimulating new challenge. society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > betting > football pools > [noun] > managers or shareholders 1969 12 Feb. 2/8 (headline) Pools panel may forecast results. 1992 J. Torrington xxvi. 227 The world of Disney Exist kept stealthily extending its borders. What with pools panel experts inventing imaginary soccer results. society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > betting > football pools > [noun] > win 1957 16 Jan. 4/5 (heading) Administration of pools win. 1994 11 Aug. i. 17/3 These are the outfits that ring up,..asking for your kid brother's address so they can deliver the urgent parcel or pools win. society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > betting > football pools > [noun] > one who bets > winner 1953 8 Jan. Only a pools-winner could afford to maintain the bug-boxes. 1992 11 Dec. 13/7 A girl who had blonded hair, stack-heeled boots and a look on her face not unlike a pools winner. C3. the world > food and drink > food > dairy produce > butter > [noun] > types of butter 1940 23 Mar. 1/7 The war has given us special meanings of a number of words already in use—pool (for pool-butter..etc.). society > travel > rail travel > rolling stock > [noun] > railway wagon or carriage > for goods > shared society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > powered vehicle > motor car > [noun] > used by a number of drivers 1914 3 June 14 (advt.) Through pool cars to Pacific coast with reduced rates. 1926 18 July 3/5 Victoria Baggage Company. Furniture Moved, Crated and Shipped. Pool Cars for Prairies and All Points East. 1958 9 Oct. 5/3 An increase of £150 to the mayoral allowance..for the running of a pool car to be placed at the Mayor's disposal. 1991 15/2 In order to qualify as a pool car, the car must be made available to (and be used by) more than one employee. 1865 16 Domino Pool Game..is played by fitting the same numbers together, as in all the games with dominoes, except the matadore. 1880 Apr. 88/1 The balls used in the ‘pool’ game are colored in bands of yellow, blue, [etc.]. 1980 28 Apr. 9/2 London Welsh..proved too speedy and skilful in their semi-final pool game against Richmond. 2004 (Nexis) 18 Jan. m6 Kimmel's depth of knowledge about 9-ball and other pool games is comprehensive. society > travel > rail travel > rolling stock > [noun] > train > passenger train > types of 1934 29 Dec. 23/2 Additional economies through pool passenger train services were anticipated for the coming year. 1959 28 Sept. 1/5 A CNR freight ripped open the side of a dining car on a pool passenger train being shunted in the yards. society > occupation and work > materials > fuel > chemical fuel > [noun] > liquid 1939 29 Sept. 5/5 The present quality of Pool petrol is such that no starting difficulties will be occasioned by its use. 2004 (Nexis) 21 Jan. 53 They were economical, returning, on post-war, very low octane ‘pool’ petrol, 86.4 mpg at 50 mph. society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > billiards, pool, or snooker > [noun] > player society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > games of chance > [noun] > player of games of chance > types of 1886 16 July 5/2 Connely, whom he characterizes as a New York bummer and a pool shark. 1944 W. Russell in July 21/2 On the Gulf Coast they'd call him a pool shark and gambler. 1993 27 Jan. c5/2 There were plenty of pool sharks in the crowd and lineups at the tables. society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > billiards, pool, or snooker > [noun] > playing 1860 5 July 9/6 The pool shooting at the ‘Aunt Sally’ targets has proved so attractive to the public that it is intended to devote more of the butts to this unrestricted competition. 1899 9 Apr. 8/2 The exhibition of fancy billiards and pool shooting to be given at the club rooms Monday evening. 1933 5 July 9/6 Pool shooting has always been a favourite pastime at N.R.A. meetings. 2003 (Nexis) 15 Sept. b7 She impressed Terry Ward, her first husband, with her pool-shooting skills. society > travel > rail travel > rolling stock > [noun] > train > run jointly by different companies 1933 8 Sept. 4/1 The railroads cooperate in various ways, such as..the adoption of pool trains, and the working out of sensible rate structures. 2000 (Nexis) 31 Oct. c2 Canadian National and Canadian Pacific terminate their passenger pool train arrangement. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2006; most recently modified version published online June 2022). poolv.1 Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: pool n.1 1. tr. Palladius (Duke Humfrey) (1896) i. 89 (MED) Ne poole [v.r. pulle] hit [sc. the land] not, but goodly playn elonge [L. Situs..terrarum neque planus, vt stagnet]. 1776 J. Stewart 44 A plank or stone work, to receive the fall of the water, and prevent the ground from pooling. 1866 1 July 432 An expanse of useless swamp..has been dyked, canalled, boxed, sluiced, pooled and basketed up. 1973 D. Andersen iv. 107 Behind our cabin there was a meadow that gradually pooled with water. 2001 J. Coe (2002) 151 His haggard grey eyes were pooled with tears. the world > the earth > land > landscape > marsh, bog, or swamp > marsh [verb (intransitive)] 1626 F. Bacon §537 On the other side the Water must but Slide, and not stand or Poole. 1681 J. Dalrymple i. 281 Before the water had pooled at the old Dike. 1707 W. Forbes i. 19 The Breakers or Abusers of the High-ways by plowing, laying Stones, Dung or Rubbish thereon, pooling or damming Water thereon. 1887 L. I. Guiney 112 What wonder, slave! that in no wise Breaks from you, pooled 'mid reeds and gorse, The voice you had in Paradise? 1919 E. Pound tr. A. Daniel 13 As never doth the Rhone, fulled and untame, Pool, where the freshets tumult hurl to crest it. 1977 13 Jan. 38/3 An afternoon sun pools warmly on the hardwood floor in the rambling frame house. 2002 Nov. 107/1 Heavy rainfall can cause water to pool faster than it can flow away, even on high ground. the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > disordered pulse or circulation > of pulse or circulation: be disordered [verb (intransitive)] > of blood: accumulate 1909 L. Hill 144 The function of the arterioles is to regulate the distribution [of blood] and switch the current on to one or other part of the capillary bed and limit the pooling of the blood under the stress of gravity.] 1932 A. G. Gould xx. 312 If all of the blood vessels were dilated to their maximum capacity at any given instant, the total volume capacity would be greater than the total volume of blood and one would tend to bleed oneself to death by pooling the blood in the most dependent parts. 1933 37 398 Fig. 6 shows a sketch of a device which I suggest might serve to counteract the tendency of centrifugal force to make the blood leave the head and pool in the thin-walled abdominal vessels. 1962 in J. Glenn et al. 244 G suit is a garment worn by pilots which contains inflatable bags positioned over various parts of the body. When the pilot is subjected to abnormally high G forces, the bags inflate automatically and prevent his blood from draining from one area of his body and pooling in another. 1991 Jan. 28/2 Sometimes the walls of a superficial leg vein or the valves inside it become weak and..the blood tends to pool in the section immediately below the weakness. society > occupation and work > industry > quarrying > quarry (stone, etc.) [verb (transitive)] > drill (hole or cutting) society > occupation and work > industry > mining > mine [verb (transitive)] > cut (coal) > specific method 1712 in C. A. Malcolm 27 May (1931) 130 Prohibiting and discharging all persons whatsomever to break or abuse the saids highways..or any way breaking or pooling the samine. 1793 J. Smeaton (ed. 2) §91 Holes or notches, cut (or, as they term it, pooled) in the surface of the stone. 1816 J. A. Paris ii. 45 The method of splitting it [sc. granite] is by applying several wedges to holes cut or (pooled) in the surface of the stone. 1839 A. Ure 979 The first set [of workmen] curves or pools the coal along the whole line of walls, laying in or pooling at least 3 feet. 1863 5 May [He] was working at the face of the seam, undermining or pooling the coal so as to bring it down. 1886 J. Barrowman 52 To Pool, or Puil, to hole. Compounds 1777 J. Smeaton (1812) II. 333 I would advise to fill the pool-hole below [the fishing dam] with rough quarry stone. 1793 J. Smeaton (ed. 2) §91 These pool-holes are sunk with the point of a pick. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022). poolv.2 Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: pool n.3 society > trade and finance > stocks and shares > deal in stocks and shares [verb (transitive)] > specific operations society > trade and finance > management of money > income, revenue, or profit > income or revenue [verb (transitive)] > unite revenues in single fund ?1780 34 They pooled eight guineas, and very soon after the lady observed to Mrs. D. that she had seen her take two guineas out of the pool, and put them in her pocket. 1800 C. Jones 301 These sums are supposing guineas staked, but when only silver is pooled, then pence are drawn. 1870 21 Dec. 2/1 The power to pool receipts is the power to enter into a partnership with another corporation. 1921 G. B. Shaw p. lxxvii What we should do, then, is to pool our legends and make a delightful stock of religious folk-lore on an honest basis for all mankind. 1978 S. Brill vi. 220 In a rare display of cooperation,..the IRS and FBI agreed to pool their efforts. 1991 30 Jan. 7/2 All vehicles in Brisbane to be pooled and available for use between 8.30am and 5.30pm. society > communication > information > informing on or against > inform on or against [verb (transitive)] 1907 The Truth 20 Apr. in M. Cannon (1981) 91 (headline) Boom-Busted Mines. The Poor, Pooled Public—Buncoed, Boomed and Busted. 1919 W. H. Downing 39 Pool, to involve; cast blame or a burden on. 1942 L. Mann 313 ‘I got pooled into it’, he explained. 1967 K. Tennant 85 A man thought he'd do the decent thing and tide a girl over a patch of trouble, and she pools him every time. 1981 K. Garvey 141 It doesn't do to shake some beef. The police narks always pool yer. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022). <  n.1eOE n.21669n.31693 v.1?1440 v.2?1780 |
