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单词 polychrome
释义

polychromen.adj.

Brit. /ˈpɒlɪkrəʊm/, U.S. /ˈpɑliˌkroʊm/
Forms: 1800s polychrom, 1800s– polychrome.
Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: poly- comb. form, -chrome comb. form.
Etymology: < poly- comb. form + -chrome comb. form, after monochrome n. With use as adjective compare Hellenistic Greek πολύχρωμος many-coloured (see polychromous adj.), French polychrome (of a painter) using many colours (1788 in an apparently isolated attestation), multicoloured (1815), Italian policromo many-coloured (1829).
A. n.
1.
a. A work of art executed or decorated in many colours, esp. a coloured statue, carving, or painting. Also occasionally: the technique of creating such a work of art.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > work of art > [noun] > types of > executed in specific manner
perspective1597
grotesque1643
al fresco1756
gesso1759
polychrome1801
transfer1839
rangoli1884
trompe l'œil1889
retardataire1903
environment1962
CAD1965
photo work1981
Georgiana1989
society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > plastic art > statuary > [noun] > statue > other types of statue
Silenus?1543
round1634
polychrome1801
portrait statue1840
acroterion1842
magot1844
acrolith1847
tekoteko1848
petrifact1875
1801 H. Fuseli Lect. Painting I. i. 10 The superinduction of different colours, or the invention of the Polychrom.
1851 Encycl. Americana IX. 487/1 The polychrome, the drawing with different colors, supposed a more artificial instrument—the brush.
1886 Science 17 Dec. 553/2 The [Egyptian] polychromes seem not to have had any phonetic value.
1959 J. D. Clark Prehist. Southern Afr. x. 278 This monochrome group is followed by shaded polychromes and bichromes.
1984 Artist Sept. 33/2 (advt.) Datec Diploma Courses in Restoration, Carving & Polychrome.
1996 Independent on Sunday 10 Mar. (Review Suppl.) 69/3 A polychrome of abstract and figurative designs, including pre-Raphaelite nymphs and more mythological maids.
b. More generally: a collection or association of many colours; varied colouring. Also in extended use.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > colour > variegation > [noun] > many colours
multicolour1842
polychromea1844
polychromatism1860
polychromism1903
multicolouredness1953
a1844 P. Nicholson Encycl. Archit. (?1852) II. 318/2 Polychrome was also in general use amongst our mediæval architects.
1870 C. Schreiber Jrnl. (1911) I. 101 He had procured for us..a dish with house in blue,..and a larger one with pastoral subjects in polychrome.
1889 W. E. Gladstone in 19th Cent. Jan. 155 The rich polychrome exhibited by a man in whom exacting business and overwhelming care never arrested..the lively..play of the affections.
1949 R. C. Hutchinson Elephant & Castle iv. xlviii. 629 A little walnut desk.., the polychrome of books on a shelf beneath the window.
2001 Times 7 Mar. ii. 2/3 A layer of soot and dirt that had obscured the bright polychrome.
2. Chemistry. = aesculin n. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > carbohydrates > sugars > [noun] > glycosides > named > aesculin
aesculin1824
polychrome1838
1838 T. Thomson Chem. Org. Bodies 96 [Raab's] name of schillerstoff..was by Martius of Erlangen translated into bicolorin, and by Kastner into polychrome.
1857 W. A. Miller Elements Chem. III. 513 Esculin or polychrome... —This substance is contained in the bark of the horse-chesnut [sic].
3. Physiology. A polychromatophil erythrocyte or normoblast. Now rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > vascular system > blood > components of blood > blood corpuscle or plate > [noun] > red cells or corpuscles
globule1674
red corpuscle1747
red blood disc1835
red cell1843
red blood corpuscle1844
pneumocyte1872
poikilocyte1886
haematid1888
normoblast1889
polychromatic normoblast1899
normocyte1900
spherocyte1908
polychrome1909
siderocyte1915
reticulocyte1922
proerythroblast1927
target cell1938
acanthocyte1952
sideroblast1954
1909 Boston Med. & Surg. Jrnl. 7 Oct. 495/1 The blood showed 6% of reticulated forms, with ·4% of polychromes.
1933 Lancet 3 June 1173/1 Hawes..hazarded the suggestion that the stippled cell was merely a variant of the polychrome.
B. adj.
1. Polychromatic, multicoloured; esp. painted, decorated, or printed in many colours. Also in extended use.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > colour > variegation > [adjective] > many colours
all-coloured1605
multicolorate1651
polychrome1819
polychromic1825
multicoloured1845
polychromatic1848
thousand-hued1852
polychromed1857
polychromous1880
multicolour1881
polychromatous1889
multiple-colour1899
multi1970
panchromatic1971
1819 E. Dodwell Classical & Topogr. Tour Greece I. 465 The polychrome, or many-coloured vases, are principally found in the island of Ægina.
1837 Civil Engineer & Architect's Jrnl. 1 72/2 I have already had occasion to construct a great polychrome edifice, a post~office.
1850 J. Leitch tr. K. O. Müller Ancient Art (new ed.) §414. 576 The probably Lucanian vase, found in Magna Grecia, is polychrome.
1898 (title) The Polychrome Bible. Edited by Paul Haupt.
1962 I. Murdoch Unofficial Rose vii. 75 Her polychrome being fell into an authoritative pattern which proclaimed her free.
2000 Ceramic Rev. Jan. 28/1 The monochrome and polychrome masterpieces of the Ming (1368–1644) and Qing (1644–1911) periods.
2. Biology. Of a stain or dye: containing derivatives which differ in colours from the parent compound; esp. in polychrome methylene blue.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > biology > laboratory analysis > material > [noun] > other preparations
muscle-plasma1871
celloidin1883
muscle plasm1890
polychrome methylene blue1895
tuberculoplasmin1898
radiobe1905
perfusate1915
lysate1922
ultrafiltrate1928
filtrate factor1936
thermode1938
homogenate1941
haemolysate1952
thiomersal1958
superfusate1961
liposome1968
perifusate1969
virosome1970
the world > life > biology > laboratory analysis > material > [adjective] > staining material
Ziehl1892
neutral1893
Romanowsky1893
polychrome1895
supravital1903
vital1907
trichrome1918
1895 G. W. Cale tr. P. G. Unna in St. Louis Med. & Surg. Jrnl. July 30 All that is necessary is to decolorize with a concentrated tannin solution the sections overstained with my polychrome-methyl-blue solution.
1925 H. J. Conn et al. Biol. Stains v. 47 The polychrome properties just mentioned are likely to develop in a methylene blue solution upon standing. Anyone who has had much experience with the stain is familiar with the occasional green tones from methylene green, the reddish shades of methylene azure..and methylene violet. Such a solution is known as ‘polychrome methylene blue’.
1993 Histochem. Jrnl. 25 670 When histochemical, immunocytochemical, and polychrome stains are performed together on the same section, crisp images are obtained.

Derivatives

polychromize v. Obsolete (transitive) to make (an object) multicoloured, to decorate with several colours.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > colour > variegation > variegate [verb (transitive)] > with many colours
polychromatize1848
polychromize1860
1860 E. Falkener Dædalus vii. 155 Monuments so numerous that it would be difficult to say that any temple existed in Greek times without being polychromized.
1882 Nature 30 Nov. 119/2 He presented pieces of gold and silver jewellery, polychromised industrially with oxides of copper, by his processes.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

polychromev.

Brit. /ˈpɒlɪkrəʊm/, U.S. /ˈpɑliˌkroʊm/
Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: polychrome adj.
Etymology: < polychrome adj. Compare earlier polychromed adj. and also polychroming n. Compare also earlier polychromatize v.
1. transitive. To paint or decorate (a drawing, sculpture, etc.) with many colours.
ΚΠ
1899 Catholic World July 458 Certain ornaments which had originally been polychromed by Jean Zutterman in 1537.
1963 D. Robertson Pre-Columbian Archit. i. 12 A wide range of colors used for mural paintings and for polychroming architecture and sculpture came from the resources of the earth, both mineral and vegetable.
1988 Renaissance Stud. 2 168 The painter Rogier van der Weyden was paid 100 crowns for having polychromed the images supplied by Jacob and Jan.
2. transitive. Biology. To convert (a stain or dye) to a polychrome form. Now rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > biology > laboratory analysis > processes > [verb (transitive)] > using stains or dyes
overstain1883
plate1892
counterstain1895
osmicate1905
polychrome1924
prime1943
sham-operate1963
tissue-type1968
perifuse1969
1924 [implied in: Jrnl. Bacteriol. 9 405 The method involves pipetting about one cc. of a well polychromed, Loeffler's methylene blue over the agar slant culture and tilting the tube. (at polychromed adj. 2)].
1925 H. J. Conn et al. Biol. Stains v. 48 Methylene blue should be partly polychromed in order to have its best staining powers.
1958 J. R. Baker Princ. Biol. Microtechnique xiv. 268 It was his [sc. Giemsa's] purpose to avoid methylene blue that had been polychromed at random, and to use instead known quantities of known dyes.
1963 M. J. Lynch et al. Med. Lab. Technol. xiii. 256/1 The methylene blue is polychromed by heating with sodium bicarbonate.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.adj.1801v.1899
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