polycentricadj.n.

Brit.

/ˌpɒlɪˈsɛntrɪk/, U.S.

/ˌpɑliˈsɛntrɪk/

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: poly- comb. form, -centric comb. form.

Etymology: < poly- comb. form + -centric comb. form. Compare post-classical Latin policentricus (a1406), French polycentrique (1897 in biology), Italian policentrico (1875), all in sense ‘having several or many centres’. In sense A. 3 after Italian policentrico (1956 in the passage translated in quot. 1956 at sense A. 3; compare polycentrism n.). Compare earlier monocentric adj.

A. adj.

a. Chiefly Science. Having several or many centres. Cf. monocentric adj. 1a.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > relationship > variety > [adjective] > many-sided or having parts

many-headed1537

many-sided1570

fertile-headed1632

versatile1656

multilateral1784

multilineala1800

polycephalic1850

multipolar1855

faceted1862

multicentral1864

arborescent1867

multisegmented1879

multisegmentate1880

multilinear1886

polycentric1887

many-faceted1890

1887 H. M. Ward in Nature 27 Jan. 301/2 As soon as the sapvacuoles appear, in many cases making the cell not monocentric but polycentric.

1909 Geogr. Jrnl. 33 186 The earthquake..was polycentric, that is to say, there were several detached areas of destructive violence.

1913 Bot. Gaz. 56 230 The first chapter..deals with equidistant zones.., the third..with excentric ring systems and polycentric diffusion fields, [etc.].

1967 G. Steiner Lang. & Silence 80 African English, Australian English..represent a complicated, polycentric field of linguistic force.

1993 Science 12 Nov. 974/1 The concept of multiregional evolution..follows from..that which Weidenreich referred to as his polycentric theory of human origins.

b. Mycology. Of the thallus of fungi of the order Chytridiales: having more than one centre of growth and development. Cf. monocentric adj. 2.

ΚΠ

1932 Amer. Jrnl. Bot. 19 51 Most of the Oömycetes..germinate into a mycelium or thallus in which are established..secondary, tertiary, and quaternary centers..resulting thus in a polycentric thallus or system.

1963 Amer. Jrnl. Bot. 50 587/1 The extensive polycentric system associated with resting spores..did not develop within the smaller hosts.

1992 Limnol. & Oceanogr. 37 253/2 Polycentric phytoplankton parasites are rare, but polyphagous parasites are common.

2. Cell Biology. Of a chromosome or chromatid: = multicentric adj. 1b.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > biological processes > genetic activity > genetic components > [adjective] > chromosome > centromere

acentric1899

telomitic1917

centric1937

paracentric1938

pericentric1938

metacentric1939

telocentric1939

centromeric1941

multicentric1941

polycentric1943

acrocentric1945

subtelocentric1954

submetacentric1957

subacrocentric1960

1943 Proc. National Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 29 17 Let l chromosome limbs be broken at b points: in how many different ways can the resulting broken ends rejoin regardless of whether the final configuration contains polycentric or acentric sections?

1971 Ann. Rev. Ecol. & Systematics 2 329 Polycentric chromosomes are believed to have three or more distinct centric regions.

1997 Science 7 Mar. 5305/2 In a few instances, most of the Drosophila chromosome complement was found to be linked end-to-end as a huge polycentric chromosome.

3. Politics. Characterized by polycentrism.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > politics > political philosophy > communism > [adjective] > specific theories or doctrines

capitulationist1932

polycentric1956

polycentrist1963

1956 tr. P. Togliatti Probl. Devel. Socialist Democracy 12/2 The whole system is becoming polycentric, and even in the Communist movement we cannot speak of a single guide.

1965 Economist 3 Apr. 43/2 The reality of an increasingly ‘polycentric’ world, marked by the growing self-assertion of the middle and smaller states.

1986 Parl. Affairs 39 382 DeLeninisation is largely the result of the growing nationalism in the polycentric trend of communism in the post-war era.

B. n.

Cell Biology. A multicentric chromosome or chromatid.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > biological processes > genetic activity > genetic components > [noun] > chromosome > types of chromosome

chromoplastid1885

accessory chromosome1899

chromoplast1902

X1902

heterochromosome1904

idiochromosome1905

macrochromosome1905

allosome1906

autosome1906

monosome1906

sex chromosome1906

supernumerary1907

X chromosome1911

Y chromosome1911

univalent1912

euchromosome1914

W1917

monosome1921

tetrasome1921

trisome1921

heterosome1938

isochromosome1939

trisomic1939

metacentric1945

acrocentric1949

polycentric1953

Philadelphia chromosome1961

monocentric1979

1953 Heredity 6 Suppl. 73 The occurrence of high polycentrics such as C₃, C₄, C₅ and rarely even C₆..with a high frequency after treatment at meiosis shows..that reunion is not low.

1968 R. Rieger et al. Gloss. Genetics & Cytogenetics 351 Polycentrics are in most cases the result of chromosome mutations.

2002 Mutagenesis 17 135 Some of the damaged cells show a large number of aberrations such as dicentrics, polycentrics, rings and numerous acentric fragments.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	polycentric
释义	polycentricadj.n. Brit. /ˌpɒlɪˈsɛntrɪk/, U.S. /ˌpɑliˈsɛntrɪk/ Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: poly- comb. form, -centric comb. form. Etymology: < poly- comb. form + -centric comb. form. Compare post-classical Latin policentricus (a1406), French polycentrique (1897 in biology), Italian policentrico (1875), all in sense ‘having several or many centres’. In sense A. 3 after Italian policentrico (1956 in the passage translated in quot. 1956 at sense A. 3; compare polycentrism n.). Compare earlier monocentric adj. A. adj. 1. a. Chiefly Science. Having several or many centres. Cf. monocentric adj. 1a. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > relationship > variety > [adjective] > many-sided or having parts many-headed1537 many-sided1570 fertile-headed1632 versatile1656 multilateral1784 multilineala1800 polycephalic1850 multipolar1855 faceted1862 multicentral1864 arborescent1867 multisegmented1879 multisegmentate1880 multilinear1886 polycentric1887 many-faceted1890 1887 H. M. Ward in Nature 27 Jan. 301/2 As soon as the sapvacuoles appear, in many cases making the cell not monocentric but polycentric. 1909 Geogr. Jrnl. 33 186 The earthquake..was polycentric, that is to say, there were several detached areas of destructive violence. 1913 Bot. Gaz. 56 230 The first chapter..deals with equidistant zones.., the third..with excentric ring systems and polycentric diffusion fields, [etc.]. 1967 G. Steiner Lang. & Silence 80 African English, Australian English..represent a complicated, polycentric field of linguistic force. 1993 Science 12 Nov. 974/1 The concept of multiregional evolution..follows from..that which Weidenreich referred to as his polycentric theory of human origins. b. Mycology. Of the thallus of fungi of the order Chytridiales: having more than one centre of growth and development. Cf. monocentric adj. 2. ΚΠ 1932 Amer. Jrnl. Bot. 19 51 Most of the Oömycetes..germinate into a mycelium or thallus in which are established..secondary, tertiary, and quaternary centers..resulting thus in a polycentric thallus or system. 1963 Amer. Jrnl. Bot. 50 587/1 The extensive polycentric system associated with resting spores..did not develop within the smaller hosts. 1992 Limnol. & Oceanogr. 37 253/2 Polycentric phytoplankton parasites are rare, but polyphagous parasites are common. 2. Cell Biology. Of a chromosome or chromatid: = multicentric adj. 1b. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > biological processes > genetic activity > genetic components > [adjective] > chromosome > centromere acentric1899 telomitic1917 centric1937 paracentric1938 pericentric1938 metacentric1939 telocentric1939 centromeric1941 multicentric1941 polycentric1943 acrocentric1945 subtelocentric1954 submetacentric1957 subacrocentric1960 1943 Proc. National Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 29 17 Let l chromosome limbs be broken at b points: in how many different ways can the resulting broken ends rejoin regardless of whether the final configuration contains polycentric or acentric sections? 1971 Ann. Rev. Ecol. & Systematics 2 329 Polycentric chromosomes are believed to have three or more distinct centric regions. 1997 Science 7 Mar. 5305/2 In a few instances, most of the Drosophila chromosome complement was found to be linked end-to-end as a huge polycentric chromosome. 3. Politics. Characterized by polycentrism. ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > politics > political philosophy > communism > [adjective] > specific theories or doctrines capitulationist1932 polycentric1956 polycentrist1963 1956 tr. P. Togliatti Probl. Devel. Socialist Democracy 12/2 The whole system is becoming polycentric, and even in the Communist movement we cannot speak of a single guide. 1965 Economist 3 Apr. 43/2 The reality of an increasingly ‘polycentric’ world, marked by the growing self-assertion of the middle and smaller states. 1986 Parl. Affairs 39 382 DeLeninisation is largely the result of the growing nationalism in the polycentric trend of communism in the post-war era. B. n. Cell Biology. A multicentric chromosome or chromatid. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > biological processes > genetic activity > genetic components > [noun] > chromosome > types of chromosome chromoplastid1885 accessory chromosome1899 chromoplast1902 X1902 heterochromosome1904 idiochromosome1905 macrochromosome1905 allosome1906 autosome1906 monosome1906 sex chromosome1906 supernumerary1907 X chromosome1911 Y chromosome1911 univalent1912 euchromosome1914 W1917 monosome1921 tetrasome1921 trisome1921 heterosome1938 isochromosome1939 trisomic1939 metacentric1945 acrocentric1949 polycentric1953 Philadelphia chromosome1961 monocentric1979 1953 Heredity 6 Suppl. 73 The occurrence of high polycentrics such as C₃, C₄, C₅ and rarely even C₆..with a high frequency after treatment at meiosis shows..that reunion is not low. 1968 R. Rieger et al. Gloss. Genetics & Cytogenetics 351 Polycentrics are in most cases the result of chromosome mutations. 2002 Mutagenesis 17 135 Some of the damaged cells show a large number of aberrations such as dicentrics, polycentrics, rings and numerous acentric fragments. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.n.1887
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