单词 | pneumatology |
释义 | pneumatologyn. 1. a. The science, doctrine, or theory of spirits or spiritual beings. Cf. pneumatics n. 2. Now historical.In the 17th cent. considered as forming a department of metaphysics, usually opposed to ontology, and comprehending the doctrine of God as known by natural reason, of angels and demons, and of the human soul (cf. metaphysics n. 1b). ΘΚΠ the world > the supernatural > supernatural being > [noun] > study of pneumology1613 pneumatology1648 pneumatography1665 the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > metaphysics > [noun] > pneumatology pneumatology1648 pneumatics1695 metaphysics1728 pneumatic philosophy1745 pneumato-philosophy1847 pneumatica1856 1648 M. Prideaux & J. Prideaux Easy & Compend. Introd. Hist. 341 In Philosophy (as 'tis termed) those that have written 1. Metaphysics. 2. Pneumatology or the doctrine of Spirits..are almost innumerable. 1673 R. Baxter Christian Directory 919 Metaphysicks as now taken is a mixture of Organical and Real Knowledge; And part of it belongeth to Logick (the Organical part), and the rest is Theologie, and Pneumatologie, and the highest parts of Ontologie, or Real Science. 1678 R. Cudworth True Intellect. Syst. Universe i. i. 26 Those Atomical physiologers, that were before Democritus and Leucippus, were all of them Incorporealists; joyning Theology and Pneumatology..together with their Atomical Physiology. 1755 A. Gerard Plan Educ. Marischal Coll. & Univ. Aberdeen 33 Pneumatology, or the Natural Philosophy of Spirits. 1765 S. Johnson Plays of Shakespeare VIII. Haml. 136 According to the pneumatology of that time, every element was inhabited by its peculiar order of spirits. 1776 A. Smith Inq. Wealth of Nations II. v. i. 355 Pneumatology, comprehending the doctrine concerning the nature of the human soul and of the Deity. View more context for this quotation 1834 S. Jackson tr. J.H. Jung-Stilling (title) Theory of pneumatology; what ought to be believed or disbelieved concerning presentiments, visions, and apparitions. 1877 E. Caird Crit. Acct. Philos. Kant i. 155 Pneumatology can be nothing more than a doctrine of our necessary ignorance of a certain problematical class of beings. 1882 J. B. Stallo Concepts Mod. Physics 128 Faith in spooks..is unwisdom in physics no less than in pneumatology. 1949 E. M. Butler Ritual Magic 34 His [sc. Iamblichus's] pneumatology included the gods, radiating a beneficent light, stable and calm; archangels, powerful and mild. 1997 I. Bostridge Witchcraft & its Transformations 81 He [sc. Hale] was designing an experimentum crucis to solve a knotty problem in pneumatology, the science of spirits. b. The science of the nature and functions of the human mind; psychology. Now historical. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > psychology > [noun] > science of mind or soul animastic1653 psychology1654 pneumatology1771 psychologicsa1822 psychicsa1832 phrenics1841 psych1895 psycho1921 1771 J. Beattie Ess. Truth (ed. 2) 163 A full and satisfactory discussion of it [sc. common sense in scientific reasoning] would do more real service to the philosophy of human nature;..would at once exalt pneumatology to the dignity of science. 1790 J. Beattie Elem. Moral Sci. I. p.xiii The Speculative part of the philosophy of the mind has been called Pneumatology. 1814 D. Stewart Elem. Philos. Human Mind II. Concl. 485 I have accordingly entitled my book, Elements—not of Logic or of Pneumatology, but—of the Philosophy of the Human Mind. 1935 J. I. Walsh Educ. Founding Fathers of Republic 23 The Brown theses of 1769 in pneumatology, a term almost the equivalent of our psychology. 1996 A. R. Gilgen et al. Post-Soviet Perspectives on Russ. Psychology 217 The emergence of empirical psychology resulted in renaming pneumatology ‘rational psychology’. c. Theology. The doctrine of the Holy Spirit. ΘΚΠ society > faith > aspects of faith > doctrine > doctrine concerning the Trinity > [noun] > concerning the Holy Spirit pneumatology1881 1881 O. T. Mason in Smithsonian Rep. (1883) 507 Inasmuch as we have borrowed a specific term from the theologians to stand for the whole study of man, we may be compelled to take the word pneumatology, meaning with them the doctrine of the Holy Spirit. 1882 P. Schaff Hist. Christian Church II. §95. 778 The pneumatology of Ephesians resembles that of John, as the christology of Colossians resembles the christology of John. 1977 G. W. H. Lampe God as Spirit ii. 58 The essence of what may be called docetic pneumatology: the belief that the work of the Spirit..should be expected to take place outside, or in the gaps of, the rational faculty of understanding and moral judgement. 1992 C. G. Flegg Gathered under Apostles iii. 100 The Catholic Apostolics had a vision of the Church which cannot be separated from their pneumatology. 2. Any of several branches of science dealing with air and other gases, esp. as regards their physiological properties and effects. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > art or science of medicine > [noun] > pneumatology pneumatology1751 pneumology1961 the world > matter > physics > mechanics > fluid mechanics > [noun] > pneumatics pneumatics1660 aerometry1712 pneumatology1751 pneumodynamics1839 1751 S. Johnson Rambler No. 117. ⁋9 A complete treatise of barometrical pneumatology. 1803 T. Beddoes Hygëia III. ix. 15 Considerable discoveries have however been made in pneumatology. 1862 Year-bk. Med. 1861 (New Sydenham Soc.) 20 (heading) Contributions to the pneumatology of the blood. 1942 Daily Independent (Monessen, Pa.) 10 July 4/7 Pneumatology. That's the science that has to do with all this business of keeping the customer alive when the body seems to have given up the job of breathing. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1648 |
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