porcellaniten.

Brit.

/pɔːˈsɛlənʌɪt/, U.S.

/pɔrˈsɛləˌnaɪt/

Forms: 1700s– porcellanite, 1800s porcelainite, 1800s– porcelanite.

Origin: A borrowing from German. Etymon: German Porzellanit.

Etymology: < German Porzellanit (attributed to J. T. A. Peithner by Kirwan (see quot. 1794 at sense 1)) < Porzellan porcelain n. + -it -ite suffix¹. Compare French porcellanite (1845; 1763 in sense ‘fossil cowrie’).

1. Geology. Originally: a hardened clay or shale resulting from thermal metamorphism; also called porcelain jasper. Later also: any dense siliceous rock with an appearance resembling unglazed porcelain.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > clay > [noun] > other clays

red clayc1475

urry1669

blae1724

cat-dirt1747

iron clay1750

till1762

mulatto clay1788

oak-tree clay1794

porcelain jasper1794

porcellanite1794

Karoo ground1836

plinthite1836

papa1851

Bradford clay1858

Indianaite1868

sinopite1868

hydrobiotite1881

pampas-clay1885

byon1892

potato clay1896

bentonite1898

quick clay1901

gumbotil1916

1794 R. Kirwan Elements Mineral. (ed. 2) I. 314 Porcelain Jasper, of Werner... Mr. Peithner called it porcellanite, which name should be continued.

1847 Trans. Highland & Agric. Soc. Scotl. 1845–7 259 On the south side of this trap a bed of limestone has been found 2½ feet thick, which is combined with the trap, and rendered almost of the nature of porcelainite.

1865 D. Livingstone & C. Livingstone Narr. Exped. Zambesi xi. 222 They [sc. mountains] are generally of igneous or metamorphic rocks, clay-slate, or trap, with porcellanite and zeolite.

1885 C. Lyell Student's Elem. Geol. (ed. 4) xxxii. 528 Porcellanite and Argillite are close-grained flinty or jaspery rocks produced by the induration or partial fusion of clay, and are generally red or green in colour.

1894 Geogr. Jrnl. 4 309 Along the river-courses there are thick beds of gravel and brick-earth, with layers of fine porcelain clay, which is in places baked to porcelanite by the lava streams that have flowed across it.

1903 A. Geikie Text-bk. Geol. (ed. 4) II. viii. 768 Argillaceous strata are altered into flinty slate, Lydian-stone, jasper, or porcellanite.

1941 Proc. Prehistoric Soc. 7 64 Porcellanite..probably representing a pisoliti bauxitic clay from the inter-basaltic horizon..is composed of dark spinel and a light fine-grained aggregate of sillimanite and mullite.

1992 Caribbean Week Apr. 35/1 Trinidad is blessed—or cursed—with natural resources for construction. There is blue limestone in the Northern Range... There is porcellanite for road building.

1994 Amer. Antiq. 59 29 The numbers of formal and informal tools made of porcelanite and nonlocal raw materials are listed in Table 6.

†2. Mineralogy. = porcelain spar n. at porcelain n. and adj. Compounds 2. Obsolete. rare.

ΚΠ

1896 A. H. Chester Dict. Names Minerals 216 Porcellanite... Also a syn. of porcelain-spar.

Derivatives

ˌporcellaˈnitic adj. Geology of the nature of or resembling porcellanite.

ΚΠ

1960 J. B. Reeside & W. A. Cobban Stud. Mowry Shale 1/1 In the United States the deposits are largely the product of a long series of volcanic eruptions that are now represented by porcelanite, porcelanitic shale and sandstone.

1961 Trans. & Papers Inst. Brit. Geographers No. 29. 103 This zone is silicified in varying degree: locally, it is a grey-brown silcrete..; elsewhere, it may be porcellanitic.

1996 Sedimentary Geol. 107 45 Diagenetic precipitation of silica in diatomaceous beds through progressive sediment burial formed porcelanitic rocks.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	porcellanite
释义	porcellaniten. Brit. /pɔːˈsɛlənʌɪt/, U.S. /pɔrˈsɛləˌnaɪt/ Forms: 1700s– porcellanite, 1800s porcelainite, 1800s– porcelanite. Origin: A borrowing from German. Etymon: German Porzellanit. Etymology: < German Porzellanit (attributed to J. T. A. Peithner by Kirwan (see quot. 1794 at sense 1)) < Porzellan porcelain n. + -it -ite suffix¹. Compare French porcellanite (1845; 1763 in sense ‘fossil cowrie’). 1. Geology. Originally: a hardened clay or shale resulting from thermal metamorphism; also called porcelain jasper. Later also: any dense siliceous rock with an appearance resembling unglazed porcelain. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > clay > [noun] > other clays red clayc1475 urry1669 blae1724 cat-dirt1747 iron clay1750 till1762 mulatto clay1788 oak-tree clay1794 porcelain jasper1794 porcellanite1794 Karoo ground1836 plinthite1836 papa1851 Bradford clay1858 Indianaite1868 sinopite1868 hydrobiotite1881 pampas-clay1885 byon1892 potato clay1896 bentonite1898 quick clay1901 gumbotil1916 1794 R. Kirwan Elements Mineral. (ed. 2) I. 314 Porcelain Jasper, of Werner... Mr. Peithner called it porcellanite, which name should be continued. 1847 Trans. Highland & Agric. Soc. Scotl. 1845–7 259 On the south side of this trap a bed of limestone has been found 2½ feet thick, which is combined with the trap, and rendered almost of the nature of porcelainite. 1865 D. Livingstone & C. Livingstone Narr. Exped. Zambesi xi. 222 They [sc. mountains] are generally of igneous or metamorphic rocks, clay-slate, or trap, with porcellanite and zeolite. 1885 C. Lyell Student's Elem. Geol. (ed. 4) xxxii. 528 Porcellanite and Argillite are close-grained flinty or jaspery rocks produced by the induration or partial fusion of clay, and are generally red or green in colour. 1894 Geogr. Jrnl. 4 309 Along the river-courses there are thick beds of gravel and brick-earth, with layers of fine porcelain clay, which is in places baked to porcelanite by the lava streams that have flowed across it. 1903 A. Geikie Text-bk. Geol. (ed. 4) II. viii. 768 Argillaceous strata are altered into flinty slate, Lydian-stone, jasper, or porcellanite. 1941 Proc. Prehistoric Soc. 7 64 Porcellanite..probably representing a pisoliti bauxitic clay from the inter-basaltic horizon..is composed of dark spinel and a light fine-grained aggregate of sillimanite and mullite. 1992 Caribbean Week Apr. 35/1 Trinidad is blessed—or cursed—with natural resources for construction. There is blue limestone in the Northern Range... There is porcellanite for road building. 1994 Amer. Antiq. 59 29 The numbers of formal and informal tools made of porcelanite and nonlocal raw materials are listed in Table 6. †2. Mineralogy. = porcelain spar n. at porcelain n. and adj. Compounds 2. Obsolete. rare. ΚΠ 1896 A. H. Chester Dict. Names Minerals 216 Porcellanite... Also a syn. of porcelain-spar. Derivatives ˌporcellaˈnitic adj. Geology of the nature of or resembling porcellanite. ΚΠ 1960 J. B. Reeside & W. A. Cobban Stud. Mowry Shale 1/1 In the United States the deposits are largely the product of a long series of volcanic eruptions that are now represented by porcelanite, porcelanitic shale and sandstone. 1961 Trans. & Papers Inst. Brit. Geographers No. 29. 103 This zone is silicified in varying degree: locally, it is a grey-brown silcrete..; elsewhere, it may be porcellanitic. 1996 Sedimentary Geol. 107 45 Diagenetic precipitation of silica in diatomaceous beds through progressive sediment burial formed porcelanitic rocks. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1794
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