pollingn.

Brit.

/ˈpəʊlɪŋ/, U.S.

/ˈpoʊlɪŋ/

Forms: Middle English–1500s pollynge, Middle English– polling, 1500s pollyng, 1500s polyng, 1500s pooling, 1500s powlinge, 1500s powlyng, 1500s–1600s powling, 1600s pollinge, 1600s powelinge, 1600s–1700s poling; Scottish pre-1700 poaling, pre-1700 poling, pre-1700 polleing, pre-1700 pollyng, pre-1700 pulling, pre-1700 1700s– polling.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: poll v., -ing suffix¹.

Etymology: < poll v. + -ing suffix¹.Earlier currency is perhaps implied by the surname Johanne de Polyngfaude (1296).

†I. The action of cutting, lopping, plundering, etc.

a. The cutting of hair; shearing, cropping, clipping; an instance of this. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > beautification of the person > beautification of the hair > [noun] > cutting or shaving

dodding?c1225

shearingc1315

shaving138.

tonsure1390

pollinga1400

clippingc1440

rasure1483

barbing1485

trimmingc1525

colling1575

tonsuring1811

detonsure1819

pogonotomy1896

poodling1907

razor cutting1952

a1400 Ancrene Riwle (Pepys) (1976) 6 Þe eiȝtteþ deel is al of þe vtter reule..of cloþes & of ȝoure werkes, as schauynge, polling, and bloode letynge.

1439 in F. B. Bickley Little Red Bk. Bristol (1900) II. 153 That no Craftesman..do not ocupye his seid Crafte in schavyng nor polling.

1585 Abp. E. Sandys Serm. xvi. 288 It cost him [sc. Samson] a polling, wherein stoode his strength.

1638 F. Junius Painting of Ancients 288 To trim the very selfe same bodies with an effoeminate kinde of polling and painting.

1655 W. Gouge & T. Gouge Learned Comm. Hebrewes (xi. 32) iii. 175 Had not man sinned, his hair would have had no need of polling.

1771 Script.-dict. I. 110 ‘Polling’ or ‘cutting off the hair’, imported mourning or terrible distress.

b. The cutting off of the top of a tree; = pollarding n. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > forestry or arboriculture > [noun] > pruning or lopping

shreddingc1000

putation?1440

snathing1485

loppingc1511

brushing1513

topping1513

twisting1535

pruning1548

heading1552

browsing1574

lop1575

disbranching1600

debranching1601

stocking1611

stowing1618

polling1626

supputation1656

summer pruning1669

snedding1720

shrouding1725

pollarding1794

thinning1800

brashing1950

1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §58 The oft cutting, or Polling of Hedges, Trees, and Herbs, doth conduce much to their Lasting.

1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §424 The Powling and Cutting of the Top, maketh them grow spread and bushy.

2. Plundering, robbery, extortion; an instance of this. Obsolete. polling and pilling: see pilling n.¹ 2b.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > robbery > spoliation or depredation > [noun]

purchasec1325

ridding1347

riflinga1350

despoilingc1374

preya1375

spoilingc1380

pillagea1393

shavaldrya1400

destrition14..

pillingc1400

pillery1433

spulyieingc1440

rapinea1450

spoliationc1460

depopulation1462

spulyie1464

depredation1483

despoil1483

predationa1500

pilferya1513

pollinga1513

spoil1532

pilling and pollinga1535

pilfering1548

expilation1563

rapt1584

escheat1587

fleecing1593

spoilage1597

depilation1611

manubiary1616

pillaging1629

plundering1632

exspoliation1634

peeling1641

despoliation1658

plunder1661

plunderage1700

spoliage1806

despoilment1822

a1513 H. Bradshaw Lyfe St. Werburge (1521) ii. i. sig. m.iii Extorcion pollynge opteyned no grace.

1547 in Cal. State Papers Scotl. (1898) I. 11 The untollerable pollyng and shaving of innkeepers.

c1600 Wriothesley's Chron. Eng. (1875) I. 150 For misusinge of the Kinges commission and powelinge of his subjectes.

1651 A. Weldon Court & Char. King James (new ed.) 205 The High-Commission Court..in which all Pollings and tyrannizings over our Estates and Consciences were practised.

1688 W. Scot True Hist. Families 44 The other kept the Sheep upon the Doun; The one did live by Polling of the Poor.

3. concrete. In plural. Things that have been cut or lopped; cuttings, clippings; (also) spoils. Obsolete (rare after 17th cent.).

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > forestry or arboriculture > [noun] > pruning or lopping > prunings or loppings

shreddingc950

trouse978

stickc1175

rammelc1250

spray1297

brush1330

shriding1340

shridels1399

lopc1420

shraggingc1440

shroud1475

tops1485

polling1557

brutting1577

lopping1589

pruning1658

toppings1668

scorel1671

loppage1683

lop-wood1693

shrouding1725

cropping1768

the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > beautification of the person > beautification of the hair > parts of the hair or head relating to hairdressing > [noun] > hair cut off

polling1557

the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > stolen goods > [noun] > spoil or plunder

reifOE

fang1016

fengc1175

purchasec1325

predec1330

robberyc1330

robbingsc1330

spoila1340

spoila1382

chevisance1393

waitha1400

fee14..

pilferc1400

pelfa1425

spreathc1425

butinc1450

emprisec1450

gain1473

despoil1474

pelfry?a1475

pilfery1489

spulyie1507

cheat1566

bootinga1572

booty1574

escheat1587

boot1598

exuvial1632

bootyn1635

polling1675

expilation1715

prog1727

swag1794

filch1798

spreaghery1814

stake1819

1557 T. Tusser Hundreth Good Pointes Husbandrie sig. B.iiii^v Then lop for thy fewel, the powlinges well growen.

1585 J. Higgins tr. Junius Nomenclator 167/1 A Barbars towell,..for the cuttings or pollings of the haire to fall vpon.

1667 N. Fairfax Let. 5 Dec. in H. Oldenburg Corr. (1967) IV. 12 Many pollings, (above what I have seen els where) have their todds hous'd in wth spreading thickets of ivy.

1675 tr. W. Camden Hist. Princess Elizabeth (rev. ed.) iv. 440 Crammed with the Spoils and Pollings of the poorer sort.

1788 A. Bruce Annus Secularis viii. 99 The pairings of his nails, or the pollings of his hair, or a few scabs, were too difficult and precious an acquisition.

1835 C. W. Stocker Juvenal 57 (note) The wealthier Romans, on arriving at manhood, dedicated the first shavings of their beard and pollings of their hair to some deity.

II. The action of counting or being counted.

a. The casting or recording of votes.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > will > free will > choice or choosing > expression of choice by some approved method > [noun]

suffragea1535

suffrage1559

suffragation1576

suffraging1614

voicing1618

polling1625

votation1772

voting1826

society > authority > office > appointment to office > choosing or fact of being chosen for office > election of representative body by vote > proceedings at election > [noun] > registering or casting votes

voting1554

votea1614

polling1625

poll1769

1625 in S. R. Gardiner Deb. House of Commons (1873) 45 The pollinge would last three days.

1697 W. Dampier New Voy. around World Introd. p. v Which Party soever should, upon Polling, appear to have the Majority, they should keep the Ship.

1756 W. Toldervy Hist. Two Orphans I. 67 He preserved his right of poling at an election for the county.

1798 R. Munford Candidates iii. iii. 46 We shall have no polling now, but all will be for the same, I believe.

1837 J. R. McCulloch Statist. Acct. Brit. Empire II. iv. ii. 232 Such polling is to continue for two days only.

1883 Manch. Examiner 24 Oct. 4/6 The polling in the election of nine members of the..School Board.

1931 W. Faulkner Sanctuary xix. 211 A family of enough ramifications to have elected him to the legislature without recourse to a public polling.

1987 B. Farthing Internat. Shipping vi. 75 Polling under national electoral systems took place in June 1979.

b. The action or process of conducting an opinion poll.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > will > free will > choice or choosing > expression of choice by some approved method > [noun] > opinion poll > conducting

polling1937

opinion polling1941

poll-taking1945

1937 Public Opinion Q. Jan. 38 Scientific polling on individual issues fills a great gap in the democratic form of government.

1951 ‘A. Garve’ Murder in Moscow vii. 83 You go into the streets and do a little polling on the subject... You'll get a hundred per cent ‘Yes’—not a single ‘Don't know’.

1968 W. Safire New Lang. Politics 108/2 The power of polling, both on nose counts and in depth, was never more vividly demonstrated than in the 1968 New Hampshire primary campaign.

1990 New Yorker 19 Feb. 98/3 Polling registers every twitch of the body politic.

c. Telecommunications and Computing. The action of polling a device, network, node, etc. (poll v. 7d); spec. the repeated interrogation of each node of a network in turn, used as a protocol in some local area networks.

ΚΠ

1969 Telecommunications June 19/2 Polling is started as soon as the poll list has been received from the computer.

1987 New Scientist 29 Oct. 51/2 The distributor solves the problem created by several machines competing for the attention of a processor at the same time..by consulting each ticket machine in turn—a process known as ‘polling’.

2001 ACM Trans. Computer Syst. (Nexis) 19 1 Essentially, the sending node asks for some service to be performed by the servicing node by means of asynchronous messages using either interrupts or polling.

Compounds

†C1. General attributive (in sense 2). Obsolete.

ΚΠ

1557 T. Stafford Proclam. in J. Strype Eccl. Memorials (1721) III. App. lxxi. 262 This whole realme of Englande shall..be delyvered from all suche powling paymentes, as the quene dothe daylye geve to Spanyardes.

1581 J. Bell tr. W. Haddon & J. Foxe Against Jerome Osorius 404 Peradventure these fellowes are to much ashamed of theyr powlyng pranckes, and..can render no reasonable excuse for their bribery and pilladge.

1617 G. Wither Abuses Stript (rev. ed.) i. viii. 95 What Rascall poling sutes doe they deuise, To adde new Summes vnto their Treasuries?

C2. (In sense 4.)

polling day n.

ΘΚΠ

polling day1769

1769 Wilkes's Jest Bk. 35 But as the polling day advanc'd Another wight was found.

1865 K. Amberley Diary 13 July in B. Russell & P. Russell Amberley Papers (1937) I. viii. 399 Polling Day—cloudy & windy.

1992 Economist 28 Mar. 33/1 Their share of the vote dropped significantly on polling day.

polling district n.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > office > appointment to office > choosing or fact of being chosen for office > election of representative body by vote > right to vote at elections > [noun] > constituency

constituent1772

constituency1831

polling district1831

electorate1866

1831 Times 22 Mar. 1/3 The polling districts into which they [sc. counties] would be divided would virtually constitute so many small boroughs.

2003 Morning Call (Allentown, Pa.) (Nexis) 5 Nov. a1 Several polling districts in Allentown reported even lower-than-expected turnout.

polling agent n. an official overseeing an election on behalf of a candidate; (later also) a canvasser at a polling station on the day of an election.

ΚΠ

1887 W. M. Ivins Machine Politics 116 The act further prescribes that any paid election agent, sub-agent, polling agent, clerk or messenger..may not vote.

1960 in W. J. M. McKenzie Five Elections ins Afr. ii. vii. 72 The Polling Officer could ask the applicant if he was the person named on the register..if requested by a candidate or polling agent.

1998 Daily Tel. 7 Jan. 2/7 The number of polling agents from the Yes and No campaigns was far too small.

polling book n. = poll book n. at poll n.¹ Compounds.

ΚΠ

1832 Times 5 Dec. 3/4 The polling books of Lord E. Somerset would have presented a very barren aspect in those columns headed by his Lordship's name.

1863 H. Cox Inst. Eng. Govt. i. viii. 113 The vote is given vivâ voce, and entered in a polling-book by the polling-clerk.

2004 Winnipeg Sun (Nexis) 31 Jan. 14 Election officials added 458 names to the polling books on the day of the election.

polling booth n. (a) a compartment into which a voter goes privately to mark a ballot paper or cast a vote; (b) = polling station n.

ΘΚΠ

polling placec1710

poll booth1781

polling booth1805

polling station1817

voting booth1826

polling-booth1837

1805 Times 11 Jan. 3/3 They were stimulated to emerge from the mob, in which they had taken shelter, and to present themselves at the polling booths.

1941 ‘G. Orwell’ Lion & Unicorn i. ii. 24 You do not arrive at the polling booth to find men with revolvers telling you which way to vote.

1986 E. Ullah tr. B. K. Bhattacharya in M. R. Anand & S. B. Rao Panorama 15 Ojha Shimray took his meal early that day and was about to set out for the polling booth.

polling card n. originally and chiefly British a card used to notify a voter of the details of an election (such as the date, time, and place of voting) and to verify identity at the polls.

ΚΠ

1832 Times 21 Dec. 1/6 He..wrote his name and address on one of the polling cards.

1917 Manitoba Free Press 21 Feb. 5/2 The charges of the returning officers..[are] to be borne by the state, together with that of mailing polling cards to each elector.

1998 J. Blondel et al. People & Parl. in European Union ii. 44 (note) The very high frequency of occurrence of registration and or polling card problems in Greece.

polling clerk n. = poll clerk n. at poll n.¹ Compounds.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > office > appointment to office > choosing or fact of being chosen for office > election of representative body by vote > proceedings at election > [noun] > election officials

scrutator1618

scrutineer1682

scrutinator1691

returning officer1728

presiding officer1745

viander1751

warden1763

poll clerk1783

canvasser1792

polling clerk1833

tally-clerk1890

1833 Times 9 Apr. 3/3 The noise was so great that it was with difficulty the polling clerks could hear what the voters said.

2003 Gloucestershire Echo (Nexis) 13 Nov. 2 The polling clerk told them they had already voted by postal ballot.

polling place n. a building or temporary structure where voting takes place; a polling station.

ΘΚΠ

polling placec1710

poll booth1781

polling booth1805

polling station1817

voting booth1826

polling-booth1837

c1710 W. Bohun Coll. Debates 338 William Yardner testified, that he was kicked down Stairs by the Constable at the Polling-place.

1832 Act 2 Will. IV c. 45 §70 In case the Proceedings shall be so interrupted or obstructed at any particular Polling Place or Places.

1989 R. Baker Good Times xiii. 155 I knew Eisenhower was going to swamp Stevenson when I saw ambulances outside the polling place.

polling sheriff n. now North American an official in charge of a polling station.

ΚΠ

1838 Times 9 Feb. 5/5 A Major Pott came in and complained to the polling sheriff that a person who had just voted for Mr. Scott had been ill-treated by the multitude.

2001 Tallahassee (Florida) Democrat (Nexis) 18 Apr. b7 He was the polling sheriff at voting precinct 4 in Sirmans for 52 years.

polling station n. a building where voting takes place in an election (usually one that normally has another function, such as a school).

ΘΚΠ

polling placec1710

poll booth1781

polling booth1805

polling station1817

voting booth1826

polling-booth1837

1817 Morning Post 20 May The hustings have been erected on the Castle Hill... There are fifteen polling stations.

1832 Times 25 Dec. 1/5 At length they made their way through the crowd to the polling station.

1977 Grimsby Evening Tel. 5 May 1/2 Unfortunately not enough publicity was given by the parties to the fact that the polling stations close at 9 instead of 10.

2001 Times 8 June i. 1/1 Exit polls for the BBC and ITN released as the polling stations closed at 10pm suggested that Labour would return to power with a majority.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2006; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	polling
释义	pollingn. Brit. /ˈpəʊlɪŋ/, U.S. /ˈpoʊlɪŋ/ Forms: Middle English–1500s pollynge, Middle English– polling, 1500s pollyng, 1500s polyng, 1500s pooling, 1500s powlinge, 1500s powlyng, 1500s–1600s powling, 1600s pollinge, 1600s powelinge, 1600s–1700s poling; Scottish pre-1700 poaling, pre-1700 poling, pre-1700 polleing, pre-1700 pollyng, pre-1700 pulling, pre-1700 1700s– polling. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: poll v., -ing suffix¹. Etymology: < poll v. + -ing suffix¹.Earlier currency is perhaps implied by the surname Johanne de Polyngfaude (1296). †I. The action of cutting, lopping, plundering, etc. 1. a. The cutting of hair; shearing, cropping, clipping; an instance of this. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > beautification of the person > beautification of the hair > [noun] > cutting or shaving dodding?c1225 shearingc1315 shaving138. tonsure1390 pollinga1400 clippingc1440 rasure1483 barbing1485 trimmingc1525 colling1575 tonsuring1811 detonsure1819 pogonotomy1896 poodling1907 razor cutting1952 a1400 Ancrene Riwle (Pepys) (1976) 6 Þe eiȝtteþ deel is al of þe vtter reule..of cloþes & of ȝoure werkes, as schauynge, polling, and bloode letynge. 1439 in F. B. Bickley Little Red Bk. Bristol (1900) II. 153 That no Craftesman..do not ocupye his seid Crafte in schavyng nor polling. 1585 Abp. E. Sandys Serm. xvi. 288 It cost him [sc. Samson] a polling, wherein stoode his strength. 1638 F. Junius Painting of Ancients 288 To trim the very selfe same bodies with an effoeminate kinde of polling and painting. 1655 W. Gouge & T. Gouge Learned Comm. Hebrewes (xi. 32) iii. 175 Had not man sinned, his hair would have had no need of polling. 1771 Script.-dict. I. 110 ‘Polling’ or ‘cutting off the hair’, imported mourning or terrible distress. b. The cutting off of the top of a tree; = pollarding n. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > forestry or arboriculture > [noun] > pruning or lopping shreddingc1000 putation?1440 snathing1485 loppingc1511 brushing1513 topping1513 twisting1535 pruning1548 heading1552 browsing1574 lop1575 disbranching1600 debranching1601 stocking1611 stowing1618 polling1626 supputation1656 summer pruning1669 snedding1720 shrouding1725 pollarding1794 thinning1800 brashing1950 1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §58 The oft cutting, or Polling of Hedges, Trees, and Herbs, doth conduce much to their Lasting. 1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §424 The Powling and Cutting of the Top, maketh them grow spread and bushy. 2. Plundering, robbery, extortion; an instance of this. Obsolete. polling and pilling: see pilling n.¹ 2b. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > robbery > spoliation or depredation > [noun] purchasec1325 ridding1347 riflinga1350 despoilingc1374 preya1375 spoilingc1380 pillagea1393 shavaldrya1400 destrition14.. pillingc1400 pillery1433 spulyieingc1440 rapinea1450 spoliationc1460 depopulation1462 spulyie1464 depredation1483 despoil1483 predationa1500 pilferya1513 pollinga1513 spoil1532 pilling and pollinga1535 pilfering1548 expilation1563 rapt1584 escheat1587 fleecing1593 spoilage1597 depilation1611 manubiary1616 pillaging1629 plundering1632 exspoliation1634 peeling1641 despoliation1658 plunder1661 plunderage1700 spoliage1806 despoilment1822 a1513 H. Bradshaw Lyfe St. Werburge (1521) ii. i. sig. m.iii Extorcion pollynge opteyned no grace. 1547 in Cal. State Papers Scotl. (1898) I. 11 The untollerable pollyng and shaving of innkeepers. c1600 Wriothesley's Chron. Eng. (1875) I. 150 For misusinge of the Kinges commission and powelinge of his subjectes. 1651 A. Weldon Court & Char. King James (new ed.) 205 The High-Commission Court..in which all Pollings and tyrannizings over our Estates and Consciences were practised. 1688 W. Scot True Hist. Families 44 The other kept the Sheep upon the Doun; The one did live by Polling of the Poor. 3. concrete. In plural. Things that have been cut or lopped; cuttings, clippings; (also) spoils. Obsolete (rare after 17th cent.). ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > forestry or arboriculture > [noun] > pruning or lopping > prunings or loppings shreddingc950 trouse978 stickc1175 rammelc1250 spray1297 brush1330 shriding1340 shridels1399 lopc1420 shraggingc1440 shroud1475 tops1485 polling1557 brutting1577 lopping1589 pruning1658 toppings1668 scorel1671 loppage1683 lop-wood1693 shrouding1725 cropping1768 the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > beautification of the person > beautification of the hair > parts of the hair or head relating to hairdressing > [noun] > hair cut off polling1557 the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > stolen goods > [noun] > spoil or plunder reifOE fang1016 fengc1175 purchasec1325 predec1330 robberyc1330 robbingsc1330 spoila1340 spoila1382 chevisance1393 waitha1400 fee14.. pilferc1400 pelfa1425 spreathc1425 butinc1450 emprisec1450 gain1473 despoil1474 pelfry?a1475 pilfery1489 spulyie1507 cheat1566 bootinga1572 booty1574 escheat1587 boot1598 exuvial1632 bootyn1635 polling1675 expilation1715 prog1727 swag1794 filch1798 spreaghery1814 stake1819 1557 T. Tusser Hundreth Good Pointes Husbandrie sig. B.iiii^v Then lop for thy fewel, the powlinges well growen. 1585 J. Higgins tr. Junius Nomenclator 167/1 A Barbars towell,..for the cuttings or pollings of the haire to fall vpon. 1667 N. Fairfax Let. 5 Dec. in H. Oldenburg Corr. (1967) IV. 12 Many pollings, (above what I have seen els where) have their todds hous'd in wth spreading thickets of ivy. 1675 tr. W. Camden Hist. Princess Elizabeth (rev. ed.) iv. 440 Crammed with the Spoils and Pollings of the poorer sort. 1788 A. Bruce Annus Secularis viii. 99 The pairings of his nails, or the pollings of his hair, or a few scabs, were too difficult and precious an acquisition. 1835 C. W. Stocker Juvenal 57 (note) The wealthier Romans, on arriving at manhood, dedicated the first shavings of their beard and pollings of their hair to some deity. II. The action of counting or being counted. 4. a. The casting or recording of votes. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > free will > choice or choosing > expression of choice by some approved method > [noun] suffragea1535 suffrage1559 suffragation1576 suffraging1614 voicing1618 polling1625 votation1772 voting1826 society > authority > office > appointment to office > choosing or fact of being chosen for office > election of representative body by vote > proceedings at election > [noun] > registering or casting votes voting1554 votea1614 polling1625 poll1769 1625 in S. R. Gardiner Deb. House of Commons (1873) 45 The pollinge would last three days. 1697 W. Dampier New Voy. around World Introd. p. v Which Party soever should, upon Polling, appear to have the Majority, they should keep the Ship. 1756 W. Toldervy Hist. Two Orphans I. 67 He preserved his right of poling at an election for the county. 1798 R. Munford Candidates iii. iii. 46 We shall have no polling now, but all will be for the same, I believe. 1837 J. R. McCulloch Statist. Acct. Brit. Empire II. iv. ii. 232 Such polling is to continue for two days only. 1883 Manch. Examiner 24 Oct. 4/6 The polling in the election of nine members of the..School Board. 1931 W. Faulkner Sanctuary xix. 211 A family of enough ramifications to have elected him to the legislature without recourse to a public polling. 1987 B. Farthing Internat. Shipping vi. 75 Polling under national electoral systems took place in June 1979. b. The action or process of conducting an opinion poll. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > free will > choice or choosing > expression of choice by some approved method > [noun] > opinion poll > conducting polling1937 opinion polling1941 poll-taking1945 1937 Public Opinion Q. Jan. 38 Scientific polling on individual issues fills a great gap in the democratic form of government. 1951 ‘A. Garve’ Murder in Moscow vii. 83 You go into the streets and do a little polling on the subject... You'll get a hundred per cent ‘Yes’—not a single ‘Don't know’. 1968 W. Safire New Lang. Politics 108/2 The power of polling, both on nose counts and in depth, was never more vividly demonstrated than in the 1968 New Hampshire primary campaign. 1990 New Yorker 19 Feb. 98/3 Polling registers every twitch of the body politic. c. Telecommunications and Computing. The action of polling a device, network, node, etc. (poll v. 7d); spec. the repeated interrogation of each node of a network in turn, used as a protocol in some local area networks. ΚΠ 1969 Telecommunications June 19/2 Polling is started as soon as the poll list has been received from the computer. 1987 New Scientist 29 Oct. 51/2 The distributor solves the problem created by several machines competing for the attention of a processor at the same time..by consulting each ticket machine in turn—a process known as ‘polling’. 2001 ACM Trans. Computer Syst. (Nexis) 19 1 Essentially, the sending node asks for some service to be performed by the servicing node by means of asynchronous messages using either interrupts or polling. Compounds †C1. General attributive (in sense 2). Obsolete. ΚΠ 1557 T. Stafford Proclam. in J. Strype Eccl. Memorials (1721) III. App. lxxi. 262 This whole realme of Englande shall..be delyvered from all suche powling paymentes, as the quene dothe daylye geve to Spanyardes. 1581 J. Bell tr. W. Haddon & J. Foxe Against Jerome Osorius 404 Peradventure these fellowes are to much ashamed of theyr powlyng pranckes, and..can render no reasonable excuse for their bribery and pilladge. 1617 G. Wither Abuses Stript (rev. ed.) i. viii. 95 What Rascall poling sutes doe they deuise, To adde new Summes vnto their Treasuries? C2. (In sense 4.) a. polling day n. ΘΚΠ society > authority > office > appointment to office > choosing or fact of being chosen for office > election of representative body by vote > proceedings at election > [noun] > registering or casting votes > day of polling day1769 1769 Wilkes's Jest Bk. 35 But as the polling day advanc'd Another wight was found. 1865 K. Amberley Diary 13 July in B. Russell & P. Russell Amberley Papers (1937) I. viii. 399 Polling Day—cloudy & windy. 1992 Economist 28 Mar. 33/1 Their share of the vote dropped significantly on polling day. polling district n. ΘΚΠ society > authority > office > appointment to office > choosing or fact of being chosen for office > election of representative body by vote > right to vote at elections > [noun] > constituency constituent1772 constituency1831 polling district1831 electorate1866 1831 Times 22 Mar. 1/3 The polling districts into which they [sc. counties] would be divided would virtually constitute so many small boroughs. 2003 Morning Call (Allentown, Pa.) (Nexis) 5 Nov. a1 Several polling districts in Allentown reported even lower-than-expected turnout. b. polling agent n. an official overseeing an election on behalf of a candidate; (later also) a canvasser at a polling station on the day of an election. ΚΠ 1887 W. M. Ivins Machine Politics 116 The act further prescribes that any paid election agent, sub-agent, polling agent, clerk or messenger..may not vote. 1960 in W. J. M. McKenzie Five Elections ins Afr. ii. vii. 72 The Polling Officer could ask the applicant if he was the person named on the register..if requested by a candidate or polling agent. 1998 Daily Tel. 7 Jan. 2/7 The number of polling agents from the Yes and No campaigns was far too small. polling book n. = poll book n. at poll n.¹ Compounds. ΚΠ 1832 Times 5 Dec. 3/4 The polling books of Lord E. Somerset would have presented a very barren aspect in those columns headed by his Lordship's name. 1863 H. Cox Inst. Eng. Govt. i. viii. 113 The vote is given vivâ voce, and entered in a polling-book by the polling-clerk. 2004 Winnipeg Sun (Nexis) 31 Jan. 14 Election officials added 458 names to the polling books on the day of the election. polling booth n. (a) a compartment into which a voter goes privately to mark a ballot paper or cast a vote; (b) = polling station n. ΘΚΠ society > authority > office > appointment to office > choosing or fact of being chosen for office > election of representative body by vote > proceedings at election > [noun] > registering or casting votes > polling-station or booth polling placec1710 poll booth1781 polling booth1805 polling station1817 voting booth1826 polling-booth1837 1805 Times 11 Jan. 3/3 They were stimulated to emerge from the mob, in which they had taken shelter, and to present themselves at the polling booths. 1941 ‘G. Orwell’ Lion & Unicorn i. ii. 24 You do not arrive at the polling booth to find men with revolvers telling you which way to vote. 1986 E. Ullah tr. B. K. Bhattacharya in M. R. Anand & S. B. Rao Panorama 15 Ojha Shimray took his meal early that day and was about to set out for the polling booth. polling card n. originally and chiefly British a card used to notify a voter of the details of an election (such as the date, time, and place of voting) and to verify identity at the polls. ΚΠ 1832 Times 21 Dec. 1/6 He..wrote his name and address on one of the polling cards. 1917 Manitoba Free Press 21 Feb. 5/2 The charges of the returning officers..[are] to be borne by the state, together with that of mailing polling cards to each elector. 1998 J. Blondel et al. People & Parl. in European Union ii. 44 (note) The very high frequency of occurrence of registration and or polling card problems in Greece. polling clerk n. = poll clerk n. at poll n.¹ Compounds. ΘΚΠ society > authority > office > appointment to office > choosing or fact of being chosen for office > election of representative body by vote > proceedings at election > [noun] > election officials scrutator1618 scrutineer1682 scrutinator1691 returning officer1728 presiding officer1745 viander1751 warden1763 poll clerk1783 canvasser1792 polling clerk1833 tally-clerk1890 1833 Times 9 Apr. 3/3 The noise was so great that it was with difficulty the polling clerks could hear what the voters said. 2003 Gloucestershire Echo (Nexis) 13 Nov. 2 The polling clerk told them they had already voted by postal ballot. polling place n. a building or temporary structure where voting takes place; a polling station. ΘΚΠ society > authority > office > appointment to office > choosing or fact of being chosen for office > election of representative body by vote > proceedings at election > [noun] > registering or casting votes > polling-station or booth polling placec1710 poll booth1781 polling booth1805 polling station1817 voting booth1826 polling-booth1837 c1710 W. Bohun Coll. Debates 338 William Yardner testified, that he was kicked down Stairs by the Constable at the Polling-place. 1832 Act 2 Will. IV c. 45 §70 In case the Proceedings shall be so interrupted or obstructed at any particular Polling Place or Places. 1989 R. Baker Good Times xiii. 155 I knew Eisenhower was going to swamp Stevenson when I saw ambulances outside the polling place. polling sheriff n. now North American an official in charge of a polling station. ΚΠ 1838 Times 9 Feb. 5/5 A Major Pott came in and complained to the polling sheriff that a person who had just voted for Mr. Scott had been ill-treated by the multitude. 2001 Tallahassee (Florida) Democrat (Nexis) 18 Apr. b7 He was the polling sheriff at voting precinct 4 in Sirmans for 52 years. polling station n. a building where voting takes place in an election (usually one that normally has another function, such as a school). ΘΚΠ society > authority > office > appointment to office > choosing or fact of being chosen for office > election of representative body by vote > proceedings at election > [noun] > registering or casting votes > polling-station or booth polling placec1710 poll booth1781 polling booth1805 polling station1817 voting booth1826 polling-booth1837 1817 Morning Post 20 May The hustings have been erected on the Castle Hill... There are fifteen polling stations. 1832 Times 25 Dec. 1/5 At length they made their way through the crowd to the polling station. 1977 Grimsby Evening Tel. 5 May 1/2 Unfortunately not enough publicity was given by the parties to the fact that the polling stations close at 9 instead of 10. 2001 Times 8 June i. 1/1 Exit polls for the BBC and ITN released as the polling stations closed at 10pm suggested that Labour would return to power with a majority. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2006; most recently modified version published online June 2022). † pollingadj. Forms: 1500s pollyng, 1500s poulyng, 1500s–1600s polling, 1600s poling. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: poll v., -ing suffix². Etymology: < poll v. + -ing suffix². Compare pilling adj. N.E.D. (1907) gives the pronunciation as (pō^u·liŋ) /ˈpəʊlɪŋ/. Obsolete. That plunders or robs; extortionate, cheating. Cf. pilling adj. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > robbery > spoliation or depredation > [adjective] ravenousc1425 rapinous1484 polling1526 spoiling1565 predatory1589 pilling1590 spoilful1590 plundering1641 vulturian1659 predatitious1660 pillagingc1670 vulturine1721 predal1737 depredatory1771 spoliatory1790 predatorial1791 plunderous1797 spoliating1840 accipitral1842 despoiling1859 spoliative1875 predative1920 prehensile1927 1526 C. Mery Talys xci. f. xxiij^v A pollyng felowe that was a dycer and an vnthryft. 1540 in State Papers Henry VIII (1849) VIII. 234 This [sc. Valenciens] ys waxed the derest and pollyngst town of the worlde. 1555 J. Heywood Two Hundred Epigrammes with Thyrde sig. B.vii Wolde thale wyfe [i.e. the ale-wife], play the poulyng queane: Yet measure wyll not lye. 1612 F. Bacon Ess. (new ed.) 219 Amongst the briers & brambles of chatching [sic] and poling Clearkes and Ministers. 1692 R. L'Estrange Fables ccliv. 221 Suppose Pilling and Polling Officers, as Busie upon the People as These Flies were upon the Fox. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2006; most recently modified version published online June 2021). < n.a1400adj.1526
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pollingn.

Compounds

† pollingadj.