plutonismn.

Brit.

/ˈpluːtənɪz(ə)m/,

/ˈpluːtn̩ɪz(ə)m/, U.S.

/ˈplutnˌɪz(ə)m/

Forms: in sense 1 usually with capital initial.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: Plutonist n., -ism suffix.

Etymology: < pluton- (in Plutonist n.) + -ism suffix. Compare French plutonisme (1842).

Geology.

1. Usually with capital initial. The theory that crystalline rocks such as granite and basalt were formed by solidification from magma originating deep within the earth. Cf. Neptunism n., volcanism n. Now historical.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > earth sciences > theory of formation of earth > [noun] > internal heat

volcanism1811

vulcanism1819

plutonism1842

undation theory1932

magmatism1948

1842 Edinb. Rev. Apr. 49 For a series of years, while ‘Plutonism’ was on the ascendant, all was to be accounted for by the latent or developed action of heat.

1910 Encycl. Brit. XI. 644/2 Wernerianism..rapidly declined in influence, while Plutonism came steadily to the front, where it has ever since remained.

1962 K. von Zittel in J. F. White Study of Earth (1963) 15 In assuming that granite represents rock consolidated from a molten magma, Hutton laid the foundation of the doctrines of Plutonism as opposed to those of Neptunism.

2002 M. Kurlansky Salt (2003) xix. 313 According to plutonism, most rock had hardened from a huge molten rock mass.

2. The emplacement and crystallization of igneous rocks within the earth's crust; the formation of plutons.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > structure of the earth > formation of features > metamorphism > [noun] > magmatism

plutonism1879

piezo-crystallization1895

assimilation1903

palingenesis1907

syntexis1911

rheomorphism1937

magmatism1952

1879 Jrnl. Royal Geogr. Soc. 49 184 The calcareous highlands of Dalmatia when examined carefully will probably, like those of Syria, show many detached tracts of plutonism.

1925 Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc. 64 306 Neither volcanism nor plutonism can be understood until we understand the formation of mountain chains.

1949 Q. Jrnl. Geol. Soc. 105 104 Plutonism does not appear to be a steady process advancing at a uniform rate, but rather one of energetic pulses interrupted by operations of diverse kinds, especially those of deformation.

1970 Nature 24 Jan. 315/1 After the late Mesozoic plutonism, the next phase of igneous activity in western America began in the Oligocene.

2003 Jrnl. Structural Geol. 25 103/2 The..data point to the synchronism between plutonism on the one hand and deformation and metamorphism within the batholith's aureole on the other hand.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	plutonism
释义	plutonismn. Brit. /ˈpluːtənɪz(ə)m/, /ˈpluːtn̩ɪz(ə)m/, U.S. /ˈplutnˌɪz(ə)m/ Forms: in sense 1 usually with capital initial. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: Plutonist n., -ism suffix. Etymology: < pluton- (in Plutonist n.) + -ism suffix. Compare French plutonisme (1842). Geology. 1. Usually with capital initial. The theory that crystalline rocks such as granite and basalt were formed by solidification from magma originating deep within the earth. Cf. Neptunism n., volcanism n. Now historical. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > earth sciences > theory of formation of earth > [noun] > internal heat volcanism1811 vulcanism1819 plutonism1842 undation theory1932 magmatism1948 1842 Edinb. Rev. Apr. 49 For a series of years, while ‘Plutonism’ was on the ascendant, all was to be accounted for by the latent or developed action of heat. 1910 Encycl. Brit. XI. 644/2 Wernerianism..rapidly declined in influence, while Plutonism came steadily to the front, where it has ever since remained. 1962 K. von Zittel in J. F. White Study of Earth (1963) 15 In assuming that granite represents rock consolidated from a molten magma, Hutton laid the foundation of the doctrines of Plutonism as opposed to those of Neptunism. 2002 M. Kurlansky Salt (2003) xix. 313 According to plutonism, most rock had hardened from a huge molten rock mass. 2. The emplacement and crystallization of igneous rocks within the earth's crust; the formation of plutons. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > structure of the earth > formation of features > metamorphism > [noun] > magmatism plutonism1879 piezo-crystallization1895 assimilation1903 palingenesis1907 syntexis1911 rheomorphism1937 magmatism1952 1879 Jrnl. Royal Geogr. Soc. 49 184 The calcareous highlands of Dalmatia when examined carefully will probably, like those of Syria, show many detached tracts of plutonism. 1925 Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc. 64 306 Neither volcanism nor plutonism can be understood until we understand the formation of mountain chains. 1949 Q. Jrnl. Geol. Soc. 105 104 Plutonism does not appear to be a steady process advancing at a uniform rate, but rather one of energetic pulses interrupted by operations of diverse kinds, especially those of deformation. 1970 Nature 24 Jan. 315/1 After the late Mesozoic plutonism, the next phase of igneous activity in western America began in the Oligocene. 2003 Jrnl. Structural Geol. 25 103/2 The..data point to the synchronism between plutonism on the one hand and deformation and metamorphism within the batholith's aureole on the other hand. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1842
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