† polen waxn.

Forms: late Middle English polen wcxe (transmission error), late Middle English polen wex, late Middle English poleyne wax, late Middle English poleyn waxe (in a late copy), late Middle English pulleyn wax.

Origin: Apparently formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: an element of uncertain origin, wax n.¹

Etymology: < a first element of uncertain origin + wax n.¹It has been suggested (see quot. 1898) that the wax originated in a region east of the river Elbe, whence N.E.D. (1908) tentatively connected the first element with Middle French pollain , poulain Polish, poulin a Pole (see Polan n.; perhaps compare also post-classical Latin Polonia Poland: see polony adj. and n.²)). However, there appears to be no evidence in support of this hypothesis. Alternatively, it has been suggested that the first element of the word may represent Middle French pollin , poulain , poullain poleyn n.², in which case the wax might be so called because is produced by young bees in early summer (compare virgin wax n. and later maiden-wax n. at maiden n. and adj. Compounds 2). However, Middle French poulain , etc., although glossed in F. Godefroy Dict. de l'ancienne langue française (1889) VI. 347/1, s.v. 1. poulain, as ‘petit de tout animal’, is apparently not attested with specific reference to young bees, and almost always denotes young equine animals, so that there seems to be no justification for Godefroy's broad interpretation of the word. Moreover, the precise meaning of polen wax cannot be deduced from contemporary quotations, and it is debatable whether polen wax and medewax n., maiden-wax n. at maiden n. and adj. Compounds 2, virgin wax n. are comparable in their semantic motivation (compare the etymological discussion at medewax n.). It is unclear whether the following quot. should be taken as showing the English or the French word; the meaning of the word in this quot. is also uncertain:1450 in J. E. T. Rogers Hist. Agric. & Prices (1882) (modernized text) III. 299 Poleyn.

Obsolete.

A type or quality of wax, used for candles before the Reformation.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > waxy materials > [noun] > other types of wax

polen wax?c1450

montan wax1902

?c1450 in G. Müller Aus Mittelengl. Medizintexten (1929) 124 Sette ȝowre oyle ouer a softe fyir, and putte þer-inne ii pownd of fayre schepys-talow..and þanne take poleyne-wax.

1464 Maldon (Essex) Court Rolls (Bundle 41, No. 8) C de pulleyn wax et quarter de lussheban wax.

1490–1 in H. J. F. Swayne Churchwardens' Accts. Sarum (1896) 38 iiij pound & di. of polen wex for makynge of the Pascalle.

1543 ( Chron. J. Hardyng (1812) 366 Wynes swete and mykell poleyn waxe.

1898 Athenæum 27 Aug. 280/2 In the fifteenth century there was an object in the church called the trendelle, for which six pounds of 'polen wex' was purchased...‘Polen wex’ is believed to have been a product of Livonia and other districts east of the Elbe.]

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2006; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	polen wax
释义	† polen waxn. Forms: late Middle English polen wcxe (transmission error), late Middle English polen wex, late Middle English poleyne wax, late Middle English poleyn waxe (in a late copy), late Middle English pulleyn wax. Origin: Apparently formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: an element of uncertain origin, wax n.¹ Etymology: < a first element of uncertain origin + wax n.¹It has been suggested (see quot. 1898) that the wax originated in a region east of the river Elbe, whence N.E.D. (1908) tentatively connected the first element with Middle French pollain , poulain Polish, poulin a Pole (see Polan n.; perhaps compare also post-classical Latin Polonia Poland: see polony adj. and n.²)). However, there appears to be no evidence in support of this hypothesis. Alternatively, it has been suggested that the first element of the word may represent Middle French pollin , poulain , poullain poleyn n.², in which case the wax might be so called because is produced by young bees in early summer (compare virgin wax n. and later maiden-wax n. at maiden n. and adj. Compounds 2). However, Middle French poulain , etc., although glossed in F. Godefroy Dict. de l'ancienne langue française (1889) VI. 347/1, s.v. 1. poulain, as ‘petit de tout animal’, is apparently not attested with specific reference to young bees, and almost always denotes young equine animals, so that there seems to be no justification for Godefroy's broad interpretation of the word. Moreover, the precise meaning of polen wax cannot be deduced from contemporary quotations, and it is debatable whether polen wax and medewax n., maiden-wax n. at maiden n. and adj. Compounds 2, virgin wax n. are comparable in their semantic motivation (compare the etymological discussion at medewax n.). It is unclear whether the following quot. should be taken as showing the English or the French word; the meaning of the word in this quot. is also uncertain:1450 in J. E. T. Rogers Hist. Agric. & Prices (1882) (modernized text) III. 299 Poleyn. Obsolete. A type or quality of wax, used for candles before the Reformation. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > waxy materials > [noun] > other types of wax polen wax?c1450 montan wax1902 ?c1450 in G. Müller Aus Mittelengl. Medizintexten (1929) 124 Sette ȝowre oyle ouer a softe fyir, and putte þer-inne ii pownd of fayre schepys-talow..and þanne take poleyne-wax. 1464 Maldon (Essex) Court Rolls (Bundle 41, No. 8) C de pulleyn wax et quarter de lussheban wax. 1490–1 in H. J. F. Swayne Churchwardens' Accts. Sarum (1896) 38 iiij pound & di. of polen wex for makynge of the Pascalle. 1543 ( Chron. J. Hardyng (1812) 366 Wynes swete and mykell poleyn waxe. 1898 Athenæum 27 Aug. 280/2 In the fifteenth century there was an object in the church called the trendelle, for which six pounds of 'polen wex' was purchased...‘Polen wex’ is believed to have been a product of Livonia and other districts east of the Elbe.] This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2006; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.?c1450
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