polemarchn.

Brit.

/ˈpɒlɪmɑːk/, U.S.

/ˈpɑləˌmɑrk/

Forms: 1500s polemarchus, 1500s–1700s polemarchi (plural), 1600s polemarche, 1600s polemarchy (plural), 1600s polemark (plural), 1600s– polemarch.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Either (i) a borrowing from Latin. Or (ii) a borrowing from Greek. Partly also a borrowing from French. Etymons: Latin polemarchus; Greek πολέμαρχος; French polemarche.

Etymology: < post-classical Latin polemarchus third archon at Athens (a1540), military commander (a1585) or its etymon ancient Greek πολέμαρχος chieftain, warlord, high officer in several Greek states, specifically (at Athens) the third archon, (at Sparta) a military commander ( < πόλεμος war (see polemic adj. and n.) + -αρχος -arch comb. form¹), originally via Middle French polemarche (1578 in the passage translated in quot. 1579 at sense 1; French polémarque (1613 or earlier as †polemarque)). Compare Italian polemarco (1563).

1. Ancient Greek History. A military commander; (also) a person having certain civil or ritual functions varying according to date and locality.In Athens specifically applied to the third archon, originally the titular military commander-in-chief, afterwards a civil magistrate having under his care resident aliens and the children of parents who had lost their lives in the service of their country.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > office > holder of office > public officials > [noun] > ancient Greek

polemarch1579

gymnasiarch1658

syndic1682

xystarch1823

society > authority > office > holder of office > magistrate > [noun] > in ancient Greece

polemarch1579

telearch1690

Demiurge1840

politarch1852

1579 T. North tr. Plutarch Liues 961 Demetrius..made him [sc. Pisis] Polemarchus (to wit, campe maister).

1590 L. Lloyd Consent of Time 146 Chiefe gouernours, which the Grecians called Polemarchi.

1615 E. Grimeston tr. P. d'Avity Estates 979 As for the others, one was called Arcon Eponime, the other King, and the third Polemarch, or maister of the warre.

1656 T. Blount Glossographia Polemark, a Lord Marshal of the field, a chief Officer of War.

1739 tr. C. Rollin Anc. Hist. (ed. 2) V. 225 Polemarchs, that is, generals of the army, and supreme magistrates of Thebes.

1776 P. Stockdale tr. F. Sabbathier Anc. Nations II. 101 He was severely fined by the Polemarchi.

1822 T. Mitchell tr. Aristophanes Wasps in tr. Aristophanes Comedies II. 274 The polemarch had more particularly the strangers and sojourners of Athens under his care.

1859 G. Rawlinson tr. Herodotus Hist. III. vi. iii. 500 [At Marathon] Callimachus the polemarch led the right wing, for it was at that time a rule with the Athenians to give the right wing to the polemarch.

1931 W. C. MacLeod Orig. & Hist. Politics xxiii. 370 Above the four polemarchs was the supreme archon of the republic [of Thessaly].

1986 J. S. Morrison & J. F. Coates Athenian Trireme vii. 117 Foreigners on the lists of the polemarchs are probably resident aliens.

2. In extended use: a leader. In later U.S. use esp.: a senior officer in certain college fraternities.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > warrior > soldier > leader or commander > [noun] > commander-in-chief > of specific forces

shogun1615

strategos1616

polemarch1656

seraskier1684

stratege1744

tartan1880

1656 J. Harrington Common-wealth of Oceana 56 Troops and Companies that were held in perpetuall discipline under the Command of a Magistrate called the Polemarche.

1792 E. Evanson Let. to R. Hurd (ed. 2) To Rdr. p. iv The brows of the orthodox champion crowned by the great theological Polemarch of the nation.

1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. (1884) I. iii. 318 All the nomenclature, all the ceremonial of the imaginary government was fully set forth—Polemarchs and Phylarchs, Tribes and Galaxies, [etc.].

1926 Washington Post 26 Dec. (Society section) 2/1 Dr. Mordecai W. Johnson, president of Howard university, will make the address of welcome... James E. Scott, grand polemarch, and polemarch of the alumni chapter representing this city, will respond.

1947 Daily Gleaner (Kingston, Jamaica) 11 Jan. 9/2 He has been Grand Polemarch of the Kappa Alpha Psi, one of the leading fraternities in the country.

2003 Philadelphia Daily News (Nexis) 3 Nov. 34 Morris was..a past polemarch of the fraternity's Burlington/Camden Chapter.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	polemarch
释义	polemarchn. Brit. /ˈpɒlɪmɑːk/, U.S. /ˈpɑləˌmɑrk/ Forms: 1500s polemarchus, 1500s–1700s polemarchi (plural), 1600s polemarche, 1600s polemarchy (plural), 1600s polemark (plural), 1600s– polemarch. Origin: Of multiple origins. Either (i) a borrowing from Latin. Or (ii) a borrowing from Greek. Partly also a borrowing from French. Etymons: Latin polemarchus; Greek πολέμαρχος; French polemarche. Etymology: < post-classical Latin polemarchus third archon at Athens (a1540), military commander (a1585) or its etymon ancient Greek πολέμαρχος chieftain, warlord, high officer in several Greek states, specifically (at Athens) the third archon, (at Sparta) a military commander ( < πόλεμος war (see polemic adj. and n.) + -αρχος -arch comb. form¹), originally via Middle French polemarche (1578 in the passage translated in quot. 1579 at sense 1; French polémarque (1613 or earlier as †polemarque)). Compare Italian polemarco (1563). 1. Ancient Greek History. A military commander; (also) a person having certain civil or ritual functions varying according to date and locality.In Athens specifically applied to the third archon, originally the titular military commander-in-chief, afterwards a civil magistrate having under his care resident aliens and the children of parents who had lost their lives in the service of their country. ΘΚΠ society > authority > office > holder of office > public officials > [noun] > ancient Greek polemarch1579 gymnasiarch1658 syndic1682 xystarch1823 society > authority > office > holder of office > magistrate > [noun] > in ancient Greece polemarch1579 telearch1690 Demiurge1840 politarch1852 1579 T. North tr. Plutarch Liues 961 Demetrius..made him [sc. Pisis] Polemarchus (to wit, campe maister). 1590 L. Lloyd Consent of Time 146 Chiefe gouernours, which the Grecians called Polemarchi. 1615 E. Grimeston tr. P. d'Avity Estates 979 As for the others, one was called Arcon Eponime, the other King, and the third Polemarch, or maister of the warre. 1656 T. Blount Glossographia Polemark, a Lord Marshal of the field, a chief Officer of War. 1739 tr. C. Rollin Anc. Hist. (ed. 2) V. 225 Polemarchs, that is, generals of the army, and supreme magistrates of Thebes. 1776 P. Stockdale tr. F. Sabbathier Anc. Nations II. 101 He was severely fined by the Polemarchi. 1822 T. Mitchell tr. Aristophanes Wasps in tr. Aristophanes Comedies II. 274 The polemarch had more particularly the strangers and sojourners of Athens under his care. 1859 G. Rawlinson tr. Herodotus Hist. III. vi. iii. 500 [At Marathon] Callimachus the polemarch led the right wing, for it was at that time a rule with the Athenians to give the right wing to the polemarch. 1931 W. C. MacLeod Orig. & Hist. Politics xxiii. 370 Above the four polemarchs was the supreme archon of the republic [of Thessaly]. 1986 J. S. Morrison & J. F. Coates Athenian Trireme vii. 117 Foreigners on the lists of the polemarchs are probably resident aliens. 2. In extended use: a leader. In later U.S. use esp.: a senior officer in certain college fraternities. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > warrior > soldier > leader or commander > [noun] > commander-in-chief > of specific forces shogun1615 strategos1616 polemarch1656 seraskier1684 stratege1744 tartan1880 1656 J. Harrington Common-wealth of Oceana 56 Troops and Companies that were held in perpetuall discipline under the Command of a Magistrate called the Polemarche. 1792 E. Evanson Let. to R. Hurd (ed. 2) To Rdr. p. iv The brows of the orthodox champion crowned by the great theological Polemarch of the nation. 1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. (1884) I. iii. 318 All the nomenclature, all the ceremonial of the imaginary government was fully set forth—Polemarchs and Phylarchs, Tribes and Galaxies, [etc.]. 1926 Washington Post 26 Dec. (Society section) 2/1 Dr. Mordecai W. Johnson, president of Howard university, will make the address of welcome... James E. Scott, grand polemarch, and polemarch of the alumni chapter representing this city, will respond. 1947 Daily Gleaner (Kingston, Jamaica) 11 Jan. 9/2 He has been Grand Polemarch of the Kappa Alpha Psi, one of the leading fraternities in the country. 2003 Philadelphia Daily News (Nexis) 3 Nov. 34 Morris was..a past polemarch of the fraternity's Burlington/Camden Chapter. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1579
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