Pluton.¹

Brit.

/ˈpluːtəʊ/, U.S.

/ˈpludoʊ/

Forms: Middle English Plute, Middle English Poluto, Middle English– Pluto.

Origin: From a proper name. Etymon: proper name Plūtō.

Etymology: < classical Latin Plūtō, ancient Greek Πλούτων, the name of the god of the underworld, brother of Jupiter and Neptune.The name Pluto for the planetary body (see sense 2) was first suggested by an eleven-year-old English schoolgirl, Venetia Burney (1919–2009), in March 1930; compare:1930 H. H. Turner in Times 28 May 17/5 A post-card from the President of the Royal Astronomical Society offered this morning ‘congratulations to the suggester of the name Pluto, now adopted’. The reference is to a telegram which I had the honour of sending to the Lowell Observatory on March 15..conveying the suggestion of Miss Venetia Burney, of Oxford, made at breakfast on that day to her grandfather, who sent it on to me... It was a brother of that same grandfather who suggested the names Deimos and Phobos for the satellites of Mars.

1. Roman Mythology. The god of the underworld and of the dead. Cf. Hades n. 1a.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the supernatural > deity > classical deity > [noun] > other classical deities

Plutoc1330

Herculesc1369

Proteusa1425

Tellusc1425

chaosa1522

grace1538

terminus1565

victory1569

Hymena1593

harvest queen1598

Hades1599

aurora1610

puffer1615

Egeria1624

hour1637

Hygeia1737

Kore1844

Nike1846

vintage-god1873

c1330 Sir Orfeo (Auch.) (1966) 43 (MED) His fader was comen of King Pluto, & his moder of King Juno.

c1395 G. Chaucer Merchant's Tale 2227 Pluto, that is kyng of fairye..a doun hym sette Vpon a bench.

c1440 S. Scrope tr. C. de Pisan Epist. of Othea (St. John's Cambr.) (1970) 39 Theseus and Protheus went in-to helle for to rescuwe Proserpine that Pluto rauysschid.

1490 W. Caxton tr. Eneydos xxvii. 104 Pluto the grete god of hell admyrall of the styge.

1553 T. Wilson Arte of Rhetorique i. f. 26^v Orpheus in the middes of Hell, forced Pluto him selfe and all the deuilles there, to graunte him leaue to carye awaye his wife Euridice.

1598 tr. G. de La Perrière Mirrour Policie sig. iv^v Tyrants..goe neuer to Pluto with a drie death..without bloud and murder.

1645 J. Milton Il Penseroso in Poems 41 Such notes as..Drew Iron tears down Pluto's cheek.

1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Æneis vii, in tr. Virgil Wks. 423 Here Pluto pants for Breath from out his Cell.

1721 A. Ramsay Poems I. 345 With Gaists to roam, In gloumie Pluto's gousty Dome.

1791 W. Cowper tr. Homer Odyssey in Iliad & Odyssey II. x. 626 Haste to Pluto's murky abode.

1839 W. Irving Legend of Communipaw in Knickerbocker Oct. 344 Others jocosely hinted, that old Pluto..had spirited away the boy to the nether regions.

1899 R. Wallace George Buchanan v. 91 Despising Pluto and the trans-Stygian penalties.

1957 H. Williamson Golden Virgin (1963) II. xvii. 220 The nether world of Pluto has opened upon the earth, with the fires of hell.

1986 Omnibus Nov. 9/2 Aeacus, the irate doorkeeper of Pluto's house in the Underworld.

2. (The name of) a small planetary body orbiting the sun, mostly beyond the orbit of Neptune.Pluto was discovered by Clyde Tombaugh at Flagstaff, Arizona, in 1930, following an extensive search for a planet beyond Neptune. It is much smaller than the planets known at the time, having a mass roughly one five-hundredth that of the earth, and it has a relatively large nearby satellite (Charon). Pluto follows an eccentric orbit markedly inclined to the ecliptic, and at certain times is closer to the sun than Neptune. From the time of its discovery it was regarded as the ninth (outermost) planet of the solar system, but in the 1990s its unusual characteristics led astronomers to question its planetary nature. In August 2006 the International Astronomical Union formally declared Pluto to be a dwarf planet rather than a planet proper (cf. planet n. 3a).

ΘΚΠ

the world > the universe > planet > primary planet > superior planet > [noun] > Pluto

Pluto1930

1930 N.Y. Times 26 Mar. 10/3 ‘Pluto’ is the provisional name that Italian astronomers have given to the new trans-Neptune planet discovered March 13 at Lowell Observatory in Flagstaff, Ariz.

1933 D. L. Sayers Hangman's Holiday 120 Presently they had guessed among other things Miss Tomkin's mother's photograph,..the new planet Pluto,..and had failed to guess the Prime Minister's wireless speech.

1953 A. F. O'D. Alexander in M. Davidson Astron. for Everyman iv. 203 Pluto's path never crosses Neptune's..for its orbit-plane is inclined 17° to the ecliptic plane.

1972 P. L. Brown Astron. in Color ii. 86 One theory accounts for the origin of Pluto by considering that it is an ex-satellite of Neptune which somehow broke free.

1990 Sciences Nov. 36/2 About a five-hundredth as massive as the earth and covered with reddish methane ice, Pluto has little in common with the earth.

2002 Sky & Telescope Apr. 46/2 So let's consider an überplanet to be an object, orbiting a star, that has cleared away its neighboring planetesimals through gravitational interactions... Applying this test, we know that our solar system contains eight überplanets and a far larger number of unterplanets, the largest that we know of being Pluto and Ceres.

3. A cartoon dog featured in a number of Walt Disney cartoons; a representation of this character.Pluto first appeared in Moose Hunt, released in April 1931.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > cinematography > a film > actors or characters > [noun] > cartoon characters

Mickey Mouse1931

Pluto1932

1932 W. Disney Adventures Mickey Mouse II. 14 Mickey watched, and Minnie, too, And Pluto hid himself from view.

1962 L. Deighton Ipcress File ii. 22 A cigarette-girl..offered me a pink felt pluto, too.

1972 Guardian 21 Aug. 11/5 Ten dogs took part, plus one yellow plastic Pluto on wheels.

1992 Guardian 2 Jan. 22/8 One is wholly unfazed by the sight of an outsized Goofy or Pluto ambling along.

Compounds

† Pluto's books n. Obsolete playing cards; = devil's books at devil n. Compounds 3a(c).Only in Swift.

ΚΠ

1735 J. Swift Death & Daphne in Wks. II. 405 For, Cards we know, are Pluto's Books.

Phrases

U.S. colloquial. since Pluto was a pup: = since Hector was a pup (also boy) at Hector n. Phrases.With reference to the Disney cartoon dog, which was originally called Pluto the pup (see sense 3).

ΚΠ

1946 A. Von Tempski Bright Spurs iii. 30 Schultz and Yarrow have been taking people up Haleakala since Pluto was a pup.

1959 A. Anderson Lover Man 59 Since Pluto was a pup.

2003 M. Gruber Tropic of Night (2004) xxi. 278 The butler, guy named Rudolf, been with the family since Pluto was a pup.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	pluto
释义	Pluton.¹ Brit. /ˈpluːtəʊ/, U.S. /ˈpludoʊ/ Forms: Middle English Plute, Middle English Poluto, Middle English– Pluto. Origin: From a proper name. Etymon: proper name Plūtō. Etymology: < classical Latin Plūtō, ancient Greek Πλούτων, the name of the god of the underworld, brother of Jupiter and Neptune.The name Pluto for the planetary body (see sense 2) was first suggested by an eleven-year-old English schoolgirl, Venetia Burney (1919–2009), in March 1930; compare:1930 H. H. Turner in Times 28 May 17/5 A post-card from the President of the Royal Astronomical Society offered this morning ‘congratulations to the suggester of the name Pluto, now adopted’. The reference is to a telegram which I had the honour of sending to the Lowell Observatory on March 15..conveying the suggestion of Miss Venetia Burney, of Oxford, made at breakfast on that day to her grandfather, who sent it on to me... It was a brother of that same grandfather who suggested the names Deimos and Phobos for the satellites of Mars. 1. Roman Mythology. The god of the underworld and of the dead. Cf. Hades n. 1a. ΘΚΠ the world > the supernatural > deity > classical deity > [noun] > other classical deities Plutoc1330 Herculesc1369 Proteusa1425 Tellusc1425 chaosa1522 grace1538 terminus1565 victory1569 Hymena1593 harvest queen1598 Hades1599 aurora1610 puffer1615 Egeria1624 hour1637 Hygeia1737 Kore1844 Nike1846 vintage-god1873 c1330 Sir Orfeo (Auch.) (1966) 43 (MED) His fader was comen of King Pluto, & his moder of King Juno. c1395 G. Chaucer Merchant's Tale 2227 Pluto, that is kyng of fairye..a doun hym sette Vpon a bench. c1440 S. Scrope tr. C. de Pisan Epist. of Othea (St. John's Cambr.) (1970) 39 Theseus and Protheus went in-to helle for to rescuwe Proserpine that Pluto rauysschid. 1490 W. Caxton tr. Eneydos xxvii. 104 Pluto the grete god of hell admyrall of the styge. 1553 T. Wilson Arte of Rhetorique i. f. 26^v Orpheus in the middes of Hell, forced Pluto him selfe and all the deuilles there, to graunte him leaue to carye awaye his wife Euridice. 1598 tr. G. de La Perrière Mirrour Policie sig. iv^v Tyrants..goe neuer to Pluto with a drie death..without bloud and murder. 1645 J. Milton Il Penseroso in Poems 41 Such notes as..Drew Iron tears down Pluto's cheek. 1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Æneis vii, in tr. Virgil Wks. 423 Here Pluto pants for Breath from out his Cell. 1721 A. Ramsay Poems I. 345 With Gaists to roam, In gloumie Pluto's gousty Dome. 1791 W. Cowper tr. Homer Odyssey in Iliad & Odyssey II. x. 626 Haste to Pluto's murky abode. 1839 W. Irving Legend of Communipaw in Knickerbocker Oct. 344 Others jocosely hinted, that old Pluto..had spirited away the boy to the nether regions. 1899 R. Wallace George Buchanan v. 91 Despising Pluto and the trans-Stygian penalties. 1957 H. Williamson Golden Virgin (1963) II. xvii. 220 The nether world of Pluto has opened upon the earth, with the fires of hell. 1986 Omnibus Nov. 9/2 Aeacus, the irate doorkeeper of Pluto's house in the Underworld. 2. (The name of) a small planetary body orbiting the sun, mostly beyond the orbit of Neptune.Pluto was discovered by Clyde Tombaugh at Flagstaff, Arizona, in 1930, following an extensive search for a planet beyond Neptune. It is much smaller than the planets known at the time, having a mass roughly one five-hundredth that of the earth, and it has a relatively large nearby satellite (Charon). Pluto follows an eccentric orbit markedly inclined to the ecliptic, and at certain times is closer to the sun than Neptune. From the time of its discovery it was regarded as the ninth (outermost) planet of the solar system, but in the 1990s its unusual characteristics led astronomers to question its planetary nature. In August 2006 the International Astronomical Union formally declared Pluto to be a dwarf planet rather than a planet proper (cf. planet n. 3a). ΘΚΠ the world > the universe > planet > primary planet > superior planet > [noun] > Pluto Pluto1930 1930 N.Y. Times 26 Mar. 10/3 ‘Pluto’ is the provisional name that Italian astronomers have given to the new trans-Neptune planet discovered March 13 at Lowell Observatory in Flagstaff, Ariz. 1933 D. L. Sayers Hangman's Holiday 120 Presently they had guessed among other things Miss Tomkin's mother's photograph,..the new planet Pluto,..and had failed to guess the Prime Minister's wireless speech. 1953 A. F. O'D. Alexander in M. Davidson Astron. for Everyman iv. 203 Pluto's path never crosses Neptune's..for its orbit-plane is inclined 17° to the ecliptic plane. 1972 P. L. Brown Astron. in Color ii. 86 One theory accounts for the origin of Pluto by considering that it is an ex-satellite of Neptune which somehow broke free. 1990 Sciences Nov. 36/2 About a five-hundredth as massive as the earth and covered with reddish methane ice, Pluto has little in common with the earth. 2002 Sky & Telescope Apr. 46/2 So let's consider an überplanet to be an object, orbiting a star, that has cleared away its neighboring planetesimals through gravitational interactions... Applying this test, we know that our solar system contains eight überplanets and a far larger number of unterplanets, the largest that we know of being Pluto and Ceres. 3. A cartoon dog featured in a number of Walt Disney cartoons; a representation of this character.Pluto first appeared in Moose Hunt, released in April 1931. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > cinematography > a film > actors or characters > [noun] > cartoon characters Mickey Mouse1931 Pluto1932 1932 W. Disney Adventures Mickey Mouse II. 14 Mickey watched, and Minnie, too, And Pluto hid himself from view. 1962 L. Deighton Ipcress File ii. 22 A cigarette-girl..offered me a pink felt pluto, too. 1972 Guardian 21 Aug. 11/5 Ten dogs took part, plus one yellow plastic Pluto on wheels. 1992 Guardian 2 Jan. 22/8 One is wholly unfazed by the sight of an outsized Goofy or Pluto ambling along. Compounds † Pluto's books n. Obsolete playing cards; = devil's books at devil n. Compounds 3a(c).Only in Swift. ΚΠ 1735 J. Swift Death & Daphne in Wks. II. 405 For, Cards we know, are Pluto's Books. Phrases U.S. colloquial. since Pluto was a pup: = since Hector was a pup (also boy) at Hector n. Phrases.With reference to the Disney cartoon dog, which was originally called Pluto the pup (see sense 3). ΚΠ 1946 A. Von Tempski Bright Spurs iii. 30 Schultz and Yarrow have been taking people up Haleakala since Pluto was a pup. 1959 A. Anderson Lover Man 59 Since Pluto was a pup. 2003 M. Gruber Tropic of Night (2004) xxi. 278 The butler, guy named Rudolf, been with the family since Pluto was a pup. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022). Pluton.² Brit. /ˈpluːtəʊ/, U.S. /ˈpludoʊ/ Forms: 1900s– PLUTO, 1900s– Pluto. Origin: Formed within English, as an acronym. Etymon: English pipe line under the ocean. Etymology: Acronym < the initial letters of pipe line under the ocean. The code name for: a system of pipelines laid in 1944 to carry petrol supplies from Britain to Allied forces in France. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > oil and natural gas recovery equipment > [noun] > pipe-line > system or network of Pluto1945 spaghetti bowl1958 1945 Times 24 May 5/3 ‘Operation Pluto’ began as soon after D Day as a route for the pipe to the tip of the Cherbourg peninsula could be cleared of mines. 1945 News Chron. 1 June 2/5 As in the Pluto pipeline, petrol was the basis of this secret weapon. Like Pluto the experts said at first that it could not be done. 1961 E. W. Gladstone Army vii. 103 Many clever inventions like the artificial ‘Mulberry’ harbours, and ‘Pluto’, the Pipe Line Under the Ocean to provide petrol, had been developed. 2004 Daily Tel. 26 Mar. 29/1 His skill and ingenuity made possible the construction of ‘Pluto’. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022). > see also also refers to : pluto-comb. form < n.¹c1330n.²1945 see also
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Pluton.1

Compounds

Phrases

Pluton.2

> see also

Pluton.¹

Pluton.²